Unsaturated flow and transport under a natural hydraulic gradient in a Mediterranean climate were investigated with a field tracer experiment combined with laboratory analyses and numerical modeling. Bromide was applied to the surface of a sandy soil during the dry season. During the subsequent rainy season, repeated sediment sampling tracked the movement of bromide through the profile. Analysis of data on moisture content, matric pressure, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, and soil texture and structure provides insights into parameterization and use of the advective‐dispersive modeling approach. Capturing the gross features of tracer and moisture movement with model simulations required an order‐of‐magnitude increase in laboratory‐measured hydraulic conductivity. Wetting curve characteristics better represented field results, calling into question the routine estimation of hydraulic characteristics based only on drying conditions. Measured increases in profile moisture exceeded cumulative precipitation in early winter, indicating that gains from dew drip can exceed losses from evapotranspiration during periods of heavy (“Tule”) fog. A single‐continuum advective‐dispersive modeling approach could not reproduce a peak of bromide that was retained near the soil surface for over 3 years. Modeling of this feature required slow exchange of solute at a transfer rate of 0.5–1 × 10−4 d−1 with an immobile volume approaching the residual moisture content.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004061","usgsCitation":"Green, C.T., Stonestrom, D.A., Bekins, B.A., Akstin, K.C., and Schulz, M., 2005, Percolation and transport in a sandy soil under a natural hydraulic gradient: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 10, W10414; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004061.","productDescription":"W10414; 17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7674e4b0c8380cd7810f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Akstin, Katherine C.","contributorId":88023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akstin","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schulz, Marjorie S. 0000-0001-5597-6447 mschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-6447","contributorId":3720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Marjorie S.","email":"mschulz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027644,"text":"70027644 - 2005 - Validation of abundance estimates from mark–recapture and removal techniques for rainbow trout captured by electrofishing in small streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T15:10:01","indexId":"70027644","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of abundance estimates from mark–recapture and removal techniques for rainbow trout captured by electrofishing in small streams","docAbstract":"Estimation of fish abundance in streams using the removal model or the Lincoln - Peterson mark - recapture model is a common practice in fisheries. These models produce misleading results if their assumptions are violated. We evaluated the assumptions of these two models via electrofishing of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in central Idaho streams. For one-, two-, three-, and four-pass sampling effort in closed sites, we evaluated the influences of fish size and habitat characteristics on sampling efficiency and the accuracy of removal abundance estimates. We also examined the use of models to generate unbiased estimates of fish abundance through adjustment of total catch or biased removal estimates. Our results suggested that the assumptions of the mark - recapture model were satisfied and that abundance estimates based on this approach were unbiased. In contrast, the removal model assumptions were not met. Decreasing sampling efficiencies over removal passes resulted in underestimated population sizes and overestimates of sampling efficiency. This bias decreased, but was not eliminated, with increased sampling effort. Biased removal estimates based on different levels of effort were highly correlated with each other but were less correlated with unbiased mark - recapture estimates. Stream size decreased sampling efficiency, and stream size and instream wood increased the negative bias of removal estimates. We found that reliable estimates of population abundance could be obtained from models of sampling efficiency for different levels of effort. Validation of abundance estimates requires extra attention to routine sampling considerations but can help fisheries biologists avoid pitfalls associated with biased data and facilitate standardized comparisons among studies that employ different sampling methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1577/M04-081.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Rosenberger, A.E., and Dunham, J., 2005, Validation of abundance estimates from mark–recapture and removal techniques for rainbow trout captured by electrofishing in small streams: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1395-1410, https://doi.org/10.1577/M04-081.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1395","endPage":"1410","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":549,"text":"Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210937,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M04-081.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Boise National Forest;Salmon-challis National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.24,41.99 ], [ -117.24,44.11 ], [ -114.04,44.11 ], [ -114.04,41.99 ], [ -117.24,41.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0fee4b08c986b32a3f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B.","contributorId":64791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027979,"text":"70027979 - 2005 - Multispectral imaging contributions to global land ice measurements from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70027979","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multispectral imaging contributions to global land ice measurements from space","docAbstract":"Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) is an international consortium established to acquire satellite images of the world's glaciers, analyse them for glacier extent and changes, and assess change data for causes and implications for people and the environment. Although GLIMS is making use of multiple remote-sensing systems, ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and reflection Radiometer) is optimized for many needed observations, including mapping of glacier boundaries and material facies, and tracking of surface dynamics, such as flow vector fields and supraglacial lake development. Software development by GLIMS is geared toward mapping clean-ice and debris-covered glaciers; terrain classification emphasizing snow, ice, water, and admixtures of ice with rock debris; multitemporal change analysis; visualization of images and derived data; and interpretation and archiving of derived data. A global glacier database has been designed at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC, Boulder, Colorado); parameters are compatible with and expanded from those of the World Glacier Inventory (WGI). These technology efforts are summarized here, but will be presented in detail elsewhere. Our presentation here pertains to one broad question: How can ASTER and other satellite multispectral data be used to map, monitor, and characterize the state and dynamics of glaciers and to understand their responses to 20th and 21st century climate change? Our sampled results are not yet glaciologically or climatically representative. Our early results, while indicating complexity, are generally consistent with the glaciology community's conclusion that climate change is spurring glacier responses around the world (mainly retreat). Whether individual glaciers are advancing or retreating, the aggregate average of glacier change must be climatic in origin, as nonclimatic variations average out. We have discerned regional spatial patterns in glaciological response behavior; these patterns are best attributed to climate-change variability and to regional differences in glacier size and response times. In many cases, glacier length changes under-represent the magnitude of glacier ablation, because thinning (sometimes without immediate length changes) is also important. An expanded systematic, uniform analysis of many more glaciers is needed to isolate the glacier response components due to climatic and nonclimatic perturbations, to produce quantitative measures of regional variation in glacier changes, and to predict future regional glacier trends relevant to water resources, glaciological hazards, and global sea level. This comprehensive assessment (to be completed in stages) is expected to lend a critically needed filter to identify successful climate models that explain recent glacier changes and change patterns (and hence, are apt to describe future changes) and to eliminate unsuccessful models. ?? 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2005.07.004","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Kargel, J., Abrams, M.J., Bishop, M., Bush, A., Hamilton, G., Jiskoot, H., Kaab, A., Kieffer, H.H., Lee, E., Paul, F., Rau, F., Raup, B., Shroder, J., Soltesz, D., Stainforth, D., Stearns, L., and Wessels, R., 2005, Multispectral imaging contributions to global land ice measurements from space: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 99, no. 1-2, p. 187-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.07.004.","startPage":"187","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210142,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.07.004"},{"id":236973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60a4e4b0c8380cd715ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kargel, J.S.","contributorId":88096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kargel","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abrams, M. J.","contributorId":29859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bishop, M.P.","contributorId":80091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bush, A.","contributorId":56110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hamilton, G.","contributorId":108236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jiskoot, H.","contributorId":72671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiskoot","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kaab, Andreas","contributorId":53175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaab","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kieffer, H. H.","contributorId":40725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieffer","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lee, E.M.","contributorId":17005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Paul, F.","contributorId":67740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rau, F.","contributorId":26527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rau","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Raup, B.","contributorId":31589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raup","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Shroder, J.F.","contributorId":22637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shroder","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Soltesz, D.","contributorId":99787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soltesz","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Stainforth, D.","contributorId":26936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stainforth","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Stearns, L.","contributorId":32410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stearns","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Wessels, R. 0000-0001-9711-6402","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-6402","contributorId":33924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessels","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":416004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70027406,"text":"70027406 - 2005 - Setting limits: The development and use of factor-ceiling distributions for an urban assessment using macroinvertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T08:30:52","indexId":"70027406","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5360,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Setting limits: The development and use of factor-ceiling distributions for an urban assessment using macroinvertebrates","docAbstract":"Lotic habitats in urban settings are often more modified than in other anthropogenically influenced areas. The extent, degree, and permanency of these modifications compromise the use of traditional reference-based study designs to evaluate the level of lotic impairment and establish restoration goals. Directly relating biological responses to the combined effects of urbanization is further complicated by the nonlinear response often observed in common metrics (e.g., Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera [EPT] species richness) to measures of human influence (e.g., percentage urban land cover). A characteristic polygonal biological response often arises from the presence of a generalized limiting factor (i.e., urban land use) plus the influence of multiple additional stressors that are nonuniformly distributed throughout the urban environment. Benthic macroinvertebrates, on-site physical habitat and chemistry, and geographical information systems-derived land cover data for 85 sites were collected within the 1,600-km2 Santa Clara Valley (SCV), California urban area. A biological indicator value was derived from EPT richness and percentage EPT. Partitioned regression was used to define reference conditions and estimate the degree of site impairment. We propose that an upper-boundary condition (factor-ceiling) modeled by partitioned regression using ordinary least squares represents an attainable upper limit for biological condition in the SCV area. Indicator values greater than the factor-ceiling, which is monotonically related to existing land use, are considered representative of reference conditions under the current habitat conditions imposed by existing land cover and land use.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":" Effects of Urbanization on Stream Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","issn":"08922284","usgsCitation":"Carter, J., and Fend, S., 2005, Setting limits: The development and use of factor-ceiling distributions for an urban assessment using macroinvertebrates, chap. of Effects of Urbanization on Stream Ecosystems: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 47, p. 179-191.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":358056,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/x54047xm/"}],"volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d70e4b08c986b3183e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, J.L.","contributorId":26030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fend, S.V. 0000-0002-4638-6602","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":99702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"S.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027819,"text":"70027819 - 2005 - Combined use of 15N and 18O of nitrate and 11B to evaluate nitrate contamination in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70027819","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combined use of 15N and 18O of nitrate and 11B to evaluate nitrate contamination in groundwater","docAbstract":"Isotopic composition of NO3 (??15NNO3 and ??18ONO3) and B (??11B) were used to evaluate NO3 contamination and identify geochemical processes occurring in a hydrologically complex Basin and Range valley in northern Nevada with multiple potential sources of NO3. Combined use of these isotopes may be a useful tool in identifying NO3 sources because NO3 and B co-migrate in many environmental settings, their isotopes are fractionated by different environmental processes, and because wastewater and fertilizers may have distinct isotopic signatures for N and B. The principal cause of elevated NO3 concentrations in residential parts of the study area is wastewater and not natural NO3 or fertilizers. This is indicated by some samples with elevated NO3 concentrations plotting along ??15NNO3 and NO3 mixing lines between natural NO3 from the study area and theoretical septic-system effluent. This conclusion is supported by the presence of caffeine in one sample and the absence of samples with elevated NO3 concentrations that fall along mixing lines between natural NO3 and theoretical percolate below fertilized lawns. Nitrogen isotopes alone could not be used to determine NO3 sources in several wells because denitrification blurred the original isotopic signatures. The range of ??11B values in native ground water in the study area (-8.2??? to +21.2???) is large. The samples with the low ??11B values have a geochemical signature characteristic of hydrothermal systems. Physical and chemical data suggest B is not being strongly fractionated by adsorption onto clays. ??11B values from local STP effluent (-2.7???) and wash water from a domestic washing machine (-5.7???) were used to plot mixing lines between wastewater and native ground water. In general, wells with elevated NO3 concentrations fell along mixing lines between wastewater and background water on plots of ??11B against 1/B and Cl/B. Combined use of ??15N and ??11B in the study area was generally successful in identifying contaminant sources and processes that are occurring, however, it is likely to be more successful in simpler settings with a well-characterized ??11B value for background wells.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.04.007","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Seiler, R.L., 2005, Combined use of 15N and 18O of nitrate and 11B to evaluate nitrate contamination in groundwater: Applied Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 9, p. 1626-1636, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.04.007.","startPage":"1626","endPage":"1636","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211205,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.04.007"}],"volume":"20","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7dbe4b0c8380cd4cd2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seiler, R. L.","contributorId":87546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seiler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027890,"text":"70027890 - 2005 - Automated mapping of hammond's landforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T13:01:01","indexId":"70027890","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1940,"text":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Automated mapping of hammond's landforms","docAbstract":"We automated a method for mapping Hammond's landforms over large landscapes using digital elevation data. We compared our results against Hammond's published landform maps, derived using manual interpretation procedures. We found general agreement in landform patterns mapped by the manual and the automated approaches, and very close agreement in characterization of local topographic relief. The two approaches produced different interpretations of intermediate landforms, which relied upon quantification of the proportion of landscape having gently sloping terrain. This type of computation is more efficiently and consistently applied by computer than human. Today's ready access to digital data and computerized geospatial technology provides a good foundation for mapping terrain features, but the mapping criteria guiding manual techniques in the past may not be appropriate for automated approaches. We suggest that future efforts center on the advantages offered by digital advancements in refining an approach to better characterize complex landforms.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/LGRS.2005.848529","issn":"1545598X","usgsCitation":"Gallant, A.L., Brown, D., and Hoffer, R., 2005, Automated mapping of hammond's landforms: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, v. 2, no. 4, p. 384-388, https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2005.848529.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"384","endPage":"388","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211257,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2005.848529"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eef5e4b0c8380cd4a07a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":23508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, D.D.","contributorId":42026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffer, R.M.","contributorId":6861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffer","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027763,"text":"70027763 - 2005 - The evolution of fledging age in songbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027763","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2273,"text":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The evolution of fledging age in songbirds","docAbstract":"In birds with altricial young an important stage in the life history is the age at fledging. In this paper we use an approach proven successful in the prediction of the optimal age at maturity in fish and reptiles to predict the optimal age of fledging in passerines. Integrating the effects of growth on future fecundity and survival leads to the prediction that the optimal age at fledging is given by a function that comprises survival to maturity, the exponent of the fecundity-body size relationship and nestling growth. Growth is described by the logistic equation with parameters, A, K and ti. Assuming that the transitional mortality curve can be approximated by the nestling mortality, Mn, the optimal fledging age, tf, is given by a simple formula involving the three growth parameters, nestling mortality (Mn) and the exponent (d) of the fecundity-body size relationship. Predictions of this equation underestimate the true values by 11-16%, which is expected as a consequence of the transitional mortality function approximation. A transitional mortality function in which mortality is approximately 0.3-0.4 of nesting mortality (i.e. mortality declines rapidly after fledging) produces predictions which, on average, equal the observed values. Data are presented showing that mortality does indeed decline rapidly upon fledging. ?? 2005 European Society for Evolutionary Biology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x","issn":"1010061X","usgsCitation":"Roff, D., Remes, V., and Martin, T.E., 2005, The evolution of fledging age in songbirds: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, v. 18, no. 6, p. 1425-1433, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x.","startPage":"1425","endPage":"1433","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477922,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211007,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x"},{"id":238142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505babe2e4b08c986b32313a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roff, D.A.","contributorId":86963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roff","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Remes, V.","contributorId":72584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remes","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027732,"text":"70027732 - 2005 - Use of XML and Java for collaborative petroleum reservoir modeling on the Internet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027732","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of XML and Java for collaborative petroleum reservoir modeling on the Internet","docAbstract":"The GEMINI (Geo-Engineering Modeling through INternet Informatics) is a public-domain, web-based freeware that is made up of an integrated suite of 14 Java-based software tools to accomplish on-line, real-time geologic and engineering reservoir modeling. GEMINI facilitates distant collaborations for small company and academic clients, negotiating analyses of both single and multiple wells. The system operates on a single server and an enterprise database. External data sets must be uploaded into this database. Feedback from GEMINI users provided the impetus to develop Stand Alone Web Start Applications of GEMINI modules that reside in and operate from the user's PC. In this version, the GEMINI modules run as applets, which may reside in local user PCs, on the server, or Java Web Start. In this enhanced version, XML-based data handling procedures are used to access data from remote and local databases and save results for later access and analyses. The XML data handling process also integrates different stand-alone GEMINI modules enabling the user(s) to access multiple databases. It provides flexibility to the user to customize analytical approach, database location, and level of collaboration. An example integrated field-study using GEMINI modules and Stand Alone Web Start Applications is provided to demonstrate the versatile applicability of this freeware for cost-effective reservoir modeling. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2004.12.007","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Victorine, J., Watney, W., and Bhattacharya, S., 2005, Use of XML and Java for collaborative petroleum reservoir modeling on the Internet: Computers & Geosciences, v. 31, no. 9, p. 1151-1164, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2004.12.007.","startPage":"1151","endPage":"1164","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211050,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2004.12.007"},{"id":238208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe8de4b08c986b329655","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Victorine, J.","contributorId":59239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Victorine","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watney, W.L.","contributorId":43087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watney","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bhattacharya, S.","contributorId":97226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027950,"text":"70027950 - 2005 - Mapping impervious surface type and sub-pixel abundance using Hyperion hyperspectral imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T19:52:38.016758","indexId":"70027950","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1753,"text":"Geocarto International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping impervious surface type and sub-pixel abundance using Hyperion hyperspectral imagery","docAbstract":"Impervious surfaces have been identified as an important and quantifiable indicator of environmental degradation in urban settings. A number of research efforts have been directed at mapping impervious surface type using multispectral imagery. To date, however, no studies have compared equivalent techniques using multispectral and hyperspectral imagery to that end. In this study, data from NASA's 220‐channel Hyperion instrument were used to: a) delineate three types of impervious surface, and b) map sub‐pixel percent abundance for a study site near Washington, D.C., USA. The results were compared with the results of similar methods using same‐spatial‐resolution Landsat ETM+ data for mapping impervious surface type, and with the results of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Land Cover Data (NLCD) 2001 impervious surface data layer, which is derived from Landsat and high‐resolution Ikonos data. The accuracy of discriminating impervious surface type using Hyperion data was assessed at 88% versus Landsat at 59%. The sub‐pixel percent impervious map corresponded well with the NLCD 2001; impervious surface in the study area was calculated at 29.3% for NLCD 2001 and 28.4% for the Hyperion‐derived layer. The results suggest that fairly simple techniques using hyperspectral data are effective for quantifying impervious surface type, and that high‐spectral‐resolution imagery may be a good alternative to high‐spatial‐resolution data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10106040508542358","usgsCitation":"Falcone, J.A., and Gomez, R., 2005, Mapping impervious surface type and sub-pixel abundance using Hyperion hyperspectral imagery: Geocarto International, v. 20, no. 4, p. 3-10, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106040508542358.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a505be4b0c8380cd6b638","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Falcone, James A. 0000-0001-7202-3592 jfalcone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-3592","contributorId":614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falcone","given":"James","email":"jfalcone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gomez, R.","contributorId":14183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027959,"text":"70027959 - 2005 - Volcanic-ash hazard to aviation during the 2003-2004 eruptive activity of Anatahan volcano, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-02T11:43:14","indexId":"70027959","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic-ash hazard to aviation during the 2003-2004 eruptive activity of Anatahan volcano, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","docAbstract":"Within the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Anatahan is one of nine active subaerial volcanoes that pose hazards to major air-traffic routes from airborne volcanic ash. The 2003-2004 eruptive activity of Anatahan volcano affected the region's aviation operations for 3 days in May 2003. On the first day of the eruption (10 May 2003), two international flights from Saipan to Japan were cancelled, and several flights implemented ash-avoidance procedures. On 13 May 2003, a high-altitude flight through volcanic gas was reported, with no perceptible damage to the aircraft. TOMS and MODIS analysis of satellite data strongly suggests that no significant ash and only minor amounts of SO2 were involved in the incident, consistent with crew observations. On 23 May 2003, airport operations were disrupted when tropical-cyclone winds dispersed ash to the south, dusting Saipan with light ashfall and causing flight cancellations there and at Guam 320 km south of the volcano. Operational (near-real-time) monitoring of ash clouds produced by Anatahan has been conducted since the first day of the eruption on 10 May 2003 by the Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC). The VAAC was among the first groups outside of the immediate area of the volcano to detect and report on the unexpected eruption of Anatahan. After being contacted about an unusual cloud by National Weather Service forecasters in Guam at 1235 UTC on 10 May 2003, the VAAC analyzed GOES 9 images, confirming Anatahan as the likely source of an ash cloud and estimating that the eruption began at about 0730 UTC. The VAAC issued its first Volcanic Ash Advisory for Anatahan at 1300 UTC on 10 May 2003 more than 5 h after the start of the eruption, the delay reflecting the difficulty of detecting and confirming a surprise eruption at a remote volcano with no in situ real-time geophysical monitoring. The initial eruption plume reached 10.7-13.4 km (35,000-44,000 ft), well into jet cruise altitudes; thereafter, the maximum plume height decreased and during the rest of the eruption usually did not exceed ???5 km (???17,000 ft), which lessened the potential hazard to aircraft at higher cruise altitudes. Drifting ash clouds commonly extended hundreds of kilometers from the volcano, occasionally as far west as the Philippines. Over the course of the eruptive activity in 2003-2004, the VAAC issued 323 advisories (168 with graphical depictions of ash clouds) for Anatahan, serving as a reliable source of ash-cloud information for aviation-related meteorological offices and air carriers. With a record of frequent eruptions in the CNMI, continued satellite and in situ real-time geophysical monitoring is needed at Anatahan and other Marianas volcanoes so that potential hazards to aviation from any future eruptive activity can be quickly and correctly assessed. 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.011","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Guffanti, M., Ewert, J., Gallina, G., Bluth, G., and Swanson, G., 2005, Volcanic-ash hazard to aviation during the 2003-2004 eruptive activity of Anatahan volcano, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 146, no. 1-3 SPEC. ISS., p. 241-255, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.011.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"255","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210356,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Northern Mariana Islands","otherGeospatial":"Anatahan volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 145.623779296875,\n 16.325411207783855\n ],\n [\n 145.74188232421875,\n 16.325411207783855\n ],\n [\n 145.74188232421875,\n 16.375485785675078\n ],\n [\n 145.623779296875,\n 16.375485785675078\n ],\n [\n 145.623779296875,\n 16.325411207783855\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"146","issue":"1-3 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc30fe4b08c986b32af34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guffanti, M.","contributorId":75693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guffanti","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ewert, J.W.","contributorId":91885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewert","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gallina, G.M.","contributorId":105183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallina","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bluth, G.J.S.","contributorId":79258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bluth","given":"G.J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, G.L.","contributorId":42493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027988,"text":"70027988 - 2005 - Iterative use of the Bruggeman-Hanai-Sen mixing model to determine water saturations in sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70027988","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Iterative use of the Bruggeman-Hanai-Sen mixing model to determine water saturations in sand","docAbstract":"The accuracy of the Bruggeman-Hanai-Sen (BHS) mixing model has been previously demonstrated for two-material mixtures during BHS model development. Using permittivities determined from modeling ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data, the BHS model has been iteratively applied to three-material mixtures of water, sand, and a dense, nonaqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL). However, the accuracy of this application has not been verified. A 10-cm air-line system driven by a network analyzer is used to measure bulk permittivitities when the water saturations in a sand are varied (frequency range of 20 to 200 MHz). Through iterative use of the BHS mixing model, the measured permittivities are used to calculate water saturations, which are compared to known saturation values. An iterative BHS mixing model for an air/water/sand system must consider which two-material end member (air/sand or water/sand) represents the matrix term in the original two-material BHS model. An air/sand matrix provides the best accuracy for low water saturations, and a water/sand matrix provides the best accuracy for high water saturations; thus, a new weighted model is developed. For a given porosity and a measured bulk permittivity, water saturation is most accurately determined by proportionally weighting the water saturation values determined using air/sand as the matrix and water/sand as the matrix in the BHS model. ?? 2005 Society of Exploration Geophysicists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.2049348","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R., and Poeter, E.P., 2005, Iterative use of the Bruggeman-Hanai-Sen mixing model to determine water saturations in sand: Geophysics, v. 70, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2049348.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210249,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2049348"},{"id":237116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3fcbe4b0c8380cd64815","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, R.H.","contributorId":7041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poeter, E. P.","contributorId":63851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poeter","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":74333,"text":"ofr20051016 - 2005 - Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study - Historical and Prehistorical Record of Tampa Bay Environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:36","indexId":"ofr20051016","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1016","title":"Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study - Historical and Prehistorical Record of Tampa Bay Environments","docAbstract":"To study how Tampa Bay, Florida, has changed over time, the prehistorical conditions and natural variations in the bay environment are being evaluated. These variations can be tracked by examining the sediments that have accumulated in and around the bay. The prehistorical record, which pre-dates settlers' arrival in the Tampa Bay area around 1850, provides a baseline with which to compare and evaluate the magnitude and effects of sea-level, climate, biological, geochemical, and man-made changes. These data also are valuable for planning and conducting projects aimed at restoring wetlands and other estuarine habitats to their original state. In addition, the data provide a basis for judging efforts to improve the health of the bay.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051016","usgsCitation":"Edgar, T., 2005, Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study - Historical and Prehistorical Record of Tampa Bay Environments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1016, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051016.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":13261,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dl.cr.usgs.gov/net_prod_download/public/gom_net_pub_products/DOC/OFR_2005-1016_Edgar.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":193294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.83333333333333,27.5 ], [ -82.83333333333333,28 ], [ -82.33333333333333,28 ], [ -82.33333333333333,27.5 ], [ -82.83333333333333,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a226","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edgar, Terry","contributorId":30701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027715,"text":"70027715 - 2005 - Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027715","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"The hydrodynamics in the Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) plays a significant role in the water quality conditions of the lake. In order to provide a quantitative evaluation of the impacts of hydrodynamics on water quality in UKL, a detailed hydrodynamic model was implemented using an unstructured grid 3-D hydrodynamic model known as the UnTRIM model. The circulation in UKL is driven primarily by wind. Wind speed and direction time-series records were used as input, the numerical model reproduced the wind \"set-up\" and \"set-down\" at down wind and upwind ends of the lake, respectively. Of the two acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) records, the UnTRIM model reproduced the measured velocity at the deep station. At the shallow station, the model results showed diurnal patterns that correlated well with wind variations, but the measured velocity showed water velocity sustained at 3 to 5 cm/sec or above. Discrepancies between the model results and observations at the shallow ADCP station is discussed on the basis of correct physics. If the field measurements are inconsistent with the known physics, there exists the possibility that the field data are suspect or the field data are revealing some physical processes that are not yet understood. Copyright ASCE 2005.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40792(173)426","isbn":"0784407924; 9780784407929","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., Gartner, J.W., and Wood, T., 2005, Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, in World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Anchorage, AK, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)426.","startPage":"426","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210913,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)426"},{"id":237993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bd8e4b0c8380cd6f848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, T.","contributorId":31194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027713,"text":"70027713 - 2005 - Sexually dimorphic patterns of space use throughout ontogeny in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-16T15:38:28.119923","indexId":"70027713","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2515,"text":"Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sexually dimorphic patterns of space use throughout ontogeny in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)","docAbstract":"Observational and telemetry data were used in a geographic information system database to document the ontogenetic development of sexually dimorphic patterns of space use among free-living spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta in Kenya. No measures of space use were sexually dimorphic among den-dwelling cubs, nor were sex differences apparent among hyenas that had ceased using dens for shelter until these animals were c. 30 months of age. Significant sex differences emerged late in the third year of life, and persisted throughout the remainder of the life span; males were found farther from the geographic centre of the natal territory than were females, and the mean size of individual 95% utility distributions was larger for males than females. Most dispersal events by radio-collared males were preceded by a series of exploratory excursions outside the natal territory. All collared males dispersed, but no collared females did so. Most dispersing males moved only one or two home ranges away at dispersal, roughly 8-10 km distant from the natal territory, before settling in a new social group.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1017/S0952836905007478","issn":"09528369","usgsCitation":"Boydston, E., Kapheim, K., Van Horn, R.C., Smale, L., and Holekamp, K., 2005, Sexually dimorphic patterns of space use throughout ontogeny in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta): Journal of Zoology, v. 267, no. 3, p. 271-281, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836905007478.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"281","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"267","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8dc2e4b08c986b318553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boydston, E. E.","contributorId":106045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boydston","given":"E. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kapheim, K.M.","contributorId":64197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kapheim","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Horn, R. C.","contributorId":53745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Horn","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smale, L.","contributorId":72324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smale","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holekamp, K.E.","contributorId":34077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holekamp","given":"K.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":73393,"text":"ofr20051378 - 2005 - Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T15:46:16","indexId":"ofr20051378","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1378","title":"Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","docAbstract":"Lake Umbagog is a newly established Refuge (in 1993) with an increasing visitation. Current visitation numbers are around 55,000 visits/year. Though limited visitor services are currently offered, additional services will be proposed in the CCP. The purpose of this survey is to assess interested publics' and stakeholders' satisfaction with existing visitor conditions and experiences on the Refuge and the preferences for proposed changes to the Refuge affecting visitation. An additional purpose is to gauge customers' understanding and knowledge regarding the Refuge so that future communications with stakeholders regarding proposed changes can be most effective. Appendix A of this report includes the survey instrument. Appendix B includes the summary data for all of the questions in the survey, in the order that they appear in the survey. For the most part, that information is not repeated in the body of the report, which focuses on the meaning of more in-depth analyses of the survey data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051378","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Stewart, S., Koontz, L., and Wundrock, K.D., 2005, Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1378, Report: 115 p.; Executive Summary: 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051378.","productDescription":"Report: 115 p.; Executive Summary: 7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193323,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051378.PNG"},{"id":320258,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1378/summary.pdf","text":"Executive Summary","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":320257,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1378/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e48b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Susan C.","contributorId":48257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":286395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wundrock, Katherine D.","contributorId":29083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wundrock","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028853,"text":"70028853 - 2005 - Determinants of wood thrush nest success: A multi-scale, model selection approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028853","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determinants of wood thrush nest success: A multi-scale, model selection approach","docAbstract":"We collected data on 212 wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) nests in central New York from 1998 to 2000 to determine the factors that most strongly influence nest success. We used an information-theoretic approach to assess and rank 9 models that examined the relationship between nest success (i.e., the probability that a nest would successfully fledge at least 1 wood thrush offspring) and habitat conditions at different spatial scales. We found that 4 variables were significant predictors of nesting success for wood thrushes: (1) total core habitat within 5 km of a study site, (2) distance to forest-field edge, (3) total forest cover within 5 km of the study site, and (4) density and variation in diameter of trees and shrubs surrounding the nest. The coefficients of these predictors were all positive. Of the 9 models evaluated, amount of core habitat in the 5-km landscape was the best-fit model, but the vegetation structure model (i.e., the density of trees and stems surrounding a nest) was also supported by the data. Based on AIC weights, enhancement of core area is likely to be a more effective management option than any other habitat-management options explored in this study. Bootstrap analysis generally confirmed these results; core and vegetation structure models were ranked 1, 2, or 3 in over 50% of 1,000 bootstrap trials. However, bootstrap results did not point to a decisive model, which suggests that multiple habitat factors are influencing wood thrush nesting success. Due to model uncertainty, we used a model averaging approach to predict the success or failure of each nest in our dataset. This averaged model was able to correctly predict 61.1% of nest outcomes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0699:DOWTNS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Driscoll, M.J., Donovan, T., Mickey, R., Howard, A., and Fleming, K., 2005, Determinants of wood thrush nest success: A multi-scale, model selection approach: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 69, no. 2, p. 699-709, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0699:DOWTNS]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"699","endPage":"709","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209745,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0699:DOWTNS]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff84e4b0c8380cd4f226","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Driscoll, Melanie J.L.","contributorId":105492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donovan, T.","contributorId":31965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mickey, R.","contributorId":44725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mickey","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howard, A.","contributorId":54392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleming, K.K.","contributorId":62392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027327,"text":"70027327 - 2005 - Integrating habitat status, human population pressure, and protection status into biodiversity conservation priority setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T12:52:37","indexId":"70027327","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating habitat status, human population pressure, and protection status into biodiversity conservation priority setting","docAbstract":"Priority setting is an essential component of biodiversity conservation. Existing methods to identify priority areas for conservation have focused almost entirely on biological factors. We suggest a new relative ranking method for identifying priority conservation areas that integrates both biological and social aspects. It is based on the following criteria: the habitat's status, human population pressure, human efforts to protect habitat, and number of endemic plant and vertebrate species. We used this method to rank 25 hotspots, 17 megadiverse countries, and the hotspots within each megadiverse country. We used consistent, comprehensive, georeferenced, and multiband data sets and analytical remote sensing and geographic information system tools to quantify habitat status, human population pressure, and protection status. The ranking suggests that the Philippines, Atlantic Forest, Mediterranean Basin, Caribbean Islands, Caucasus, and Indo-Burma are the hottest hotspots and that China, the Philippines, and India are the hottest megadiverse countries. The great variation in terms of habitat, protected areas, and population pressure among the hotspots, the megadiverse countries, and the hotspots within the same country suggests the need for hotspot- and country-specific conservation policies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00225.x","issn":"08888892","usgsCitation":"Shi, H., Singh, A., Kant, S., Zhu, Z., and Waller, E., 2005, Integrating habitat status, human population pressure, and protection status into biodiversity conservation priority setting: Conservation Biology, v. 19, no. 4, p. 1273-1285, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00225.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1273","endPage":"1285","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209181,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00225.x"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c79e4b0c8380cd62d7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shi, Hua 0000-0001-7013-1565 hshi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-1565","contributorId":646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"Hua","email":"hshi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":413192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singh, Ashbindu singh@usgs.gov","contributorId":5410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"Ashbindu","email":"singh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":413191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kant, S.","contributorId":104685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kant","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":413189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waller, E.","contributorId":54389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70028790,"text":"70028790 - 2005 - Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028790","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA","docAbstract":"The physical factors controlling total mercury (HgT) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in lakes and streams of northeastern USA were assessed in a regional data set containing 693 HgT and 385 corresponding MeHg concentrations in surface waters. Multiple regression models using watershed characteristics and climatic variables explained 38% or less of the variance in HgT and MeHg. Land cover percentages and soil permeability generally provided modest predictive power. Percent wetlands alone explained 19% of the variance in MeHg in streams at low-flow, and it was the only significant (p < 0.02) predictor for MeHg in lakes, albeit explaining only 7% of the variance. When stream discharge was added as a variable it became the dominant predictor for HgT in streams, improving the model r 2 from 0.19 to 0.38. Stream discharge improved the MeHg model more modestly, from r 2 of 0.25 to 0.33. Methylation efficiency (MeHg/HgT) was modeled well (r 2 of 0.78) when a seasonal term was incorporated (sine wave with annual period). Physical models explained 18% of the variance in fish Hg concentrations in 134 lakes and 55% in 20 reservoirs. Our results highlight the important role of seasonality and short-term hydrologic changes to the delivery of Hg to water bodies. ?? 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Kamman, N., Clair, T., and Chalmers, A., 2005, Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA: Ecotoxicology, v. 14, no. 1-2, p. 125-134, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z.","startPage":"125","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z"},{"id":236615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7aa4e4b0c8380cd78ffc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, J. B.","contributorId":52226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kamman, N.C.","contributorId":51079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamman","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clair, T.A.","contributorId":84529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clair","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chalmers, A.","contributorId":96858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028783,"text":"70028783 - 2005 - Characterization of gas chemistry and noble-gas isotope ratios of inclusion fluids in magmatic-hydrothermal and magmatic-steam alunite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028783","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of gas chemistry and noble-gas isotope ratios of inclusion fluids in magmatic-hydrothermal and magmatic-steam alunite","docAbstract":"Chemical and isotope data were obtained for the active gas and noble gas of inclusion fluids in coarse-grained samples of magmatic-hydrothermal and magmatic-steam alunite from well-studied deposits (Marysvale, Utah; Tambo, Chile; Tapajo??s, Brazil; Cactus, California; Pierina, Peru), most of which are discussed in this Volume. Primary fluid inclusions in the alunite typically are less than 0.2 ??m but range up to several micrometers. Analyses of the active-gas composition of these alunite-hosted inclusion fluids released in vacuo by both crushing and heating indicate consistent differences in the compositions of magmatic-hydrothermal and magmatic-steam fluids. The compositions of fluids released by crushing were influenced by contributions from significant populations of secondary inclusions that trapped largely postdepositional hydrothermal fluids. Thermally released fluids gave the best representation of the fluids that formed primary alunite. The data are consistent with current models for the evolution of magmatic-hydrothermal and magmatic-steam fluids. Magmatic-steam fluids are vapor-dominant, average about 49 mol% H2O, and contain N2, H2, CH4, CO, Ar, He, HF, and HCl, with SO2 the dominant sulfur gas (average SO2/ H2S=202). In contrast, magmatic-hydrothermal fluids are liquid-dominant, average about 88 mol% H2O, and N2, H2, CO2, and HF, with H2S about as abundant as SO2 (average SO2/H2 S=0.7). The low SO2/H2S and N2/Ar ratios, and the near-absence of He in magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, are consistent with their derivation from degassed condensed magmatic fluids whose evolution from reduced-to-oxidized aqueous sulfur species was governed first by rock and then by fluid buffers. The high SO2/H2S and N2/Ar with significant concentrations of He in magmatic-steam fluids are consistent with derivation directly from a magma. None of the data supports the entrainment of atmospheric gases or mixing of air-saturated gases in meteoric water in either magmatic-hydrothermal or magmatic-steam fluids. Thus, the oxidation of SO2 to aqueous sulfate in the magmatic-steam fluids did not result from mixing with atmospheric oxygen. Both of the fluid types are characterized by high H2 contents that range from 0.2 mol% to the extraordinarily large amounts (66 mol%) observed in some magmatic-steam fluids. Modeling of gas speciation using SOLVGAS requires most of the gas species to have been in disequilibrium at the time of their trapping in the fluid inclusions. The origin of such extreme H2 concentrations, although problematic, is thought to be largely related to accumulation of H2 from the reaction of water with ferrous iron during the rise of magma and probably even after exsolution of fluid from a magma. The large contents of reduced gases in the inclusion fluids are far in excess of those observed in volcanic emanations, and are thought to reflect the close \"sampling position\" of the host alunite relative to the location of the magma. Isotope ratios of He and Ne indicate largely crustal sources for these gases in the alunite parental fluids derived from Tertiary magmas, but a greater mantle component for the gases in alunite parental fluids derived from Proterozoic magmas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.037","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Landis, G.P., and Rye, R.O., 2005, Characterization of gas chemistry and noble-gas isotope ratios of inclusion fluids in magmatic-hydrothermal and magmatic-steam alunite: Chemical Geology, v. 215, no. 1-4 SPEC. ISS., p. 155-184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.037.","startPage":"155","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209820,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.037"}],"volume":"215","issue":"1-4 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4c9e4b0c8380cd4befe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landis, G. P.","contributorId":102846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70182544,"text":"70182544 - 2005 - Perspectives on the use of land-cover data for ecological investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T11:07:43","indexId":"70182544","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Perspectives on the use of land-cover data for ecological investigations","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Issues and perspectives in landscape ecology","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511614415.014","usgsCitation":"Loveland, T., Gallant, A.L., and Vogelmann, J., 2005, Perspectives on the use of land-cover data for ecological investigations, chap. of Issues and perspectives in landscape ecology, p. 120-128, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614415.014.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"120","endPage":"128","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b15440e4b01ccd54fc5ec1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wiens, J.","contributorId":81846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiens","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671513,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moss, M.","contributorId":182463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moss","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671514,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":671510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":23508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":16604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028860,"text":"70028860 - 2005 - Effect of tilt on strong motion data processing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028860","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3418,"text":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of tilt on strong motion data processing","docAbstract":"In the near-field of an earthquake the effects of the rotational components of ground motion may not be negligible compared to the effects of translational motions. Analyses of the equations of motion of horizontal and vertical pendulums show that horizontal sensors are sensitive not only to translational motion but also to tilts. Ignoring this tilt sensitivity may produce unreliable results, especially in calculations of permanent displacements and long-period calculations. In contrast to horizontal sensors, vertical sensors do not have these limitations, since they are less sensitive to tilts. In general, only six-component systems measuring rotations and accelerations, or three-component systems similar to systems used in inertial navigation assuring purely translational motion of accelerometers can be used to calculate residual displacements. ?? 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.10.008","issn":"02677261","usgsCitation":"Graizer, V., 2005, Effect of tilt on strong motion data processing: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, v. 25, no. 3, p. 197-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.10.008.","startPage":"197","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209824,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.10.008"},{"id":236552,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0626e4b0c8380cd5110b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graizer, V.M.","contributorId":67259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graizer","given":"V.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179760,"text":"70179760 - 2005 - Measuring nighttime spawning behavior of chum salmon using a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T12:35:49","indexId":"70179760","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Measuring nighttime spawning behavior of chum salmon using a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON)","docAbstract":"The striking body coloration and morphology that Pacific salmon display during spawning coupled with elaborate courtship behaviors suggest that visual cues are important during their reproductive period. To date, virtually all existing information on chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) spawning behavior has been derived from studies conducted during the daytime, and has contributed to the assumption that salmon do not spawn at night. We tested this assumption using a new technology - a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) - to describe and measure nighttime spawning behavior of wild chum salmon in the Columbia River. The DIDSON produces detailed, video-like images using sound, which enabled us to collect behavioral information at night in complete darkness. The display of DIDSON images enabled fish movements and behaviors to be spatially quantified. We collected continuous observational data on 14 pairs of chum salmon in a natural spawning channel during the daytime and nighttime. Spawners of both genders were observed chasing intruders during nighttime and daytime as nests were constructed. Regardless of diel period, females were engaged in digging to both construct nests and cover eggs, and courting males exhibited the pre-spawning behavior of tail crossing. We observed a total of 13 spawning events, of which nine occurred at night and four occurred during the day. The behaviors we observed at night suggest the assumption that chum salmon do not spawn at night is false. Once chum salmon begin nest construction, visual cues are apparently not required for courtship, nest defense, and spawning. We speculate that non-visual cues (e.g. tactile and auditory) enable chum salmon to carry out most spawning behaviors at night. Our findings have implications for how nighttime flows from hydroelectric dams on the Columbia River are managed for power production and protection of imperiled salmon stocks.
","conferenceTitle":"5th International Conference on Methods and Techniques in Behavioral Research","conferenceDate":"30 August - 2 September 2005","conferenceLocation":"Wageningen, Netherlands","language":"English","publisher":"Noldus Information Technology","usgsCitation":"Tiffan, K., and Rondorf, D., 2005, Measuring nighttime spawning behavior of chum salmon using a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON), 5th International Conference on Methods and Techniques in Behavioral Research, Wageningen, Netherlands, 30 August - 2 September 2005.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587f3dbbe4b0d96de2564573","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiffan, K.F.","contributorId":19327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1015042,"text":"1015042 - 2005 - Minimum population size of Mountain Plovers breeding in Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T16:02:49","indexId":"1015042","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Minimum population size of Mountain Plovers breeding in Wyoming","docAbstract":"As human disturbance of natural landscapes increases, so does the need for information on declining, threatened, and potentially threatened native species. Proposed listing of the Mountain Plover (Charadrius montanus) as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 1999 was found unwarranted in 2003, but this species remains of special concern to management agencies and conservation groups. Whereas large concentrations of breeding Mountain Plovers occur in Montana and Colorado, estimates of the numbers of Mountain Plovers in Wyoming have ranged from only 500 to 1,500 individuals and are based largely on conjecture. In 2002, we visited all known breeding locales in the state to define areas of concentrated sightings in the Laramie, Shirley, Washakie, Great Divide, and Big Horn basins. In 2003, we used distance sampling to estimate breeding bird densities in these five areas. We pooled these estimates and applied the resulting density to a minimum occupied range for the Mountain Plover based on the documented sightings and a previously derived home-range size of 56.6 ha ± 21.5 (SD) to generate a minimum population estimate for the state. Average Mountain Plover density was 4.47 ± 0.55 (SE) birds/km2. We calculated a minimum population estimate of 3,393 birds for Wyoming. The Mountain Plover population breeding in Wyoming appears to contribute substantially to a revised continental population estimate of 11,000 to 14,000 birds. Our approach may have applications to quantifying minimum population status of other uncommon species or species of special conservation concern using current database records, such as those compiled in Natural Heritage Programs at the state level.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/04-008","usgsCitation":"Plumb, R., Knopf, F., and Anderson, S., 2005, Minimum population size of Mountain Plovers breeding in Wyoming: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 117, no. 1, p. 15-22, https://doi.org/10.1676/04-008.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"22","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477769,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/210477","text":"External Repository"},{"id":130667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"117","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699d73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plumb, R.E.","contributorId":25108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumb","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knopf, F.L.","contributorId":26998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029271,"text":"70029271 - 2005 - Dating offset fans along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault using cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70029271","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dating offset fans along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault using cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be","docAbstract":"Analysis of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in samples collected from exposed boulders (n = 20) and from buried sediment (n = 3) from offset fans along the San Andreas fault near Little Rock, California, yielded ages, ranging from 16 to 413 ka, which increase with distance from their source at the mouth of Little Rock Creek. In order to determine the age of the relatively younger fans, the erosion rate of the boulders and the cosmogenic nuclide inheritance from exposure prior to deposition in the fan were established. Cosmogenic nuclide inheritance values that range between 8.5 ?? 103 and 196 ?? 103 atoms 10Be g-1 quartz were determined by measuring the concentrations and ratios of 10Be and 26Al in boulders (n = 10) and fine sediment (n = 7) at the outlet of the present active stream. Boulder erosion rate, ranging between 17 and 160 mm k.y.-1, was estimated by measuring 10Be and 26Al concentrations in nearby bedrock outcrops (n = 8). Since the boulders on the fans represent the most resistant rocks in this environment, we used the lowest rate for the age calculations. Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine ages of 16 ?? 5 and 29 ?? 7 ka for the two younger fan surfaces. Older fans (older than 100 ka) were dated by analyzing 10Be and 26Al concentrations in buried sand samples. The ages of the three oldest fans range between 227 ?? 242 and 413 ?? 185 ka. Although fan age determinations are accompanied by large uncertainties, the results of this study show a clear trend of increasing fan ages with increasing distance from the source near Little Rock Creek and provide a long-term slip rate along this section of the San Andreas fault. Slip rate along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault for the past 413 k.y. can be determined in several ways. The average slip rate calculated from the individual fan ages is 4.2 ?? 0.9 cm yr-1. A linear regression through the data points implies a slip rate of 3.7 ?? 1.0 cm yr-1. A most probable slip rate of 3.0 ?? 1.0 cm yr-1 is determined by using a X2 test. These rates suggest that the average slip along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault has been relatively constant over this time period. The slip rate along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault, determined in this study, agrees well with previous slip rate calculations for the Quaternary. ?? 2005 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25590.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Matmon, A., Schwartz, D.P., Finkel, R., Clemmens, S., and Hanks, T., 2005, Dating offset fans along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault using cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, no. 5-6, p. 795-807, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25590.1.","startPage":"795","endPage":"807","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210616,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25590.1"}],"volume":"117","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fde2e4b0c8380cd4e9bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matmon, A.","contributorId":14983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matmon","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":52968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finkel, R.","contributorId":103028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkel","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clemmens, S.","contributorId":42413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clemmens","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanks, T.","contributorId":88941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}