Round gobies, invasive fish that entered Lake Erie in 1994, are altering energy, contaminant, and nutrient pathways. Our objective was to quantify how they alter energy pathways in the central basin of Lake Erie by describing their diet and identifying the degree to which predatory fish feed upon round gobies. We used bioenergetic models parameterized with data collected in the central basin between 1995 and 2002 to estimate the type and amount of prey eaten, the biomass accumulation rate for the round goby population, and a partitioning of the food energy into “new” energy derived from dreissenids as opposed to existing energy derived from zooplankton and non-dreissenid benthic prey. Mean (± SE) prey consumption peaked at 5.98 ± 2.17×104 tonnes wet mass in 1999 coincident with the maximum population size of 4.2 ± 1.5 billion round gobies. Zooplankton (40.2% by biomass) and dreissenid mussels (38.3%) dominated the prey consumed. Almost 90% of the zooplankton biomass was consumed by age-0 round gobies, while over 80% of the dreissenids were eaten by older ages. Standing stock biomass of round gobies ranged between 203 and 4,803 tonnes y−1 (interannual range), with an additional 475 to 8,943 tonnes of biomass accumulating through growth each year. Piscivorous fish showed an increasing reliance on round gobies as prey, with round gobies being the dominant prey fish in the diets of benthic-oriented predators. Hence, by being one of the few benthivores that exploit dreissenid mussels as prey, our analyses reveal that round gobies transfer new energy up the central Lake Erie food web.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(05)70317-8","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Johnson, T., Bunnell, D., and Knight, C., 2005, A potential new energy pathway in Central Lake Erie: The round goby connection: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 31, no. SUPPL. 2, p. 238-251, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(05)70317-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"251","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"SUPPL. 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4e5e4b0c8380cd469e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, T.B.","contributorId":21490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunnell, D.B.","contributorId":8610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, C.T.","contributorId":66042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028014,"text":"70028014 - 2005 - Habitat models to assist plant protection efforts in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T14:45:34.770639","indexId":"70028014","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat models to assist plant protection efforts in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"During 2002, the National Park Service initiated a demonstration project to develop science-based law enforcement strategies for the protection of at-risk natural resources, including American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.), bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis L.), and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. [syn. Actaea racemosa L.]). Harvest pressure on these species is increasing because of the growing herbal remedy market. We developed habitat models for Shenandoah National Park and the northern portion of the Blue Ridge Parkway to determine the distribution of favorable habitats of these three plant species and to demonstrate the use of that information to support plant protection activities. We compiled locations for the three plant species to delineate favorable habitats with a geographic information system (GIS). We mapped potential habitat quality for each species by calculating a multivariate statistic, Mahalanobis distance, based on GIS layers that characterized the topography, land cover, and geology of the plant locations (10-m resolution). We tested model performance with an independent dataset of plant locations, which indicated a significant relationship between Mahalanobis distance values and species occurrence. We also generated null models by examining the distribution of the Mahalanobis distance values had plants been distributed randomly. For all species, the habitat models performed markedly better than their respective null models. We used our models to direct field searches to the most favorable habitats, resulting in a sizeable number of new plant locations (82 ginseng, 73 bloodroot, and 139 black cohosh locations). The odds of finding new plant locations based on the habitat models were 4.5 (black cohosh) to 12.3 (American ginseng) times greater than random searches; thus, the habitat models can be used to improve the efficiency of plant protection efforts, (e.g., marking of plants, law enforcement activities). The field searches also indicated that the level of occupancy of the most favorable habitats ranged from 49.4% for ginseng to 84.8% for black cohosh. Given the potential threats to these species from illegal harvesting, that information may serve as an important benchmark for future habitat and population assessments.","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","issn":"08858608","usgsCitation":"van Manen, F., Young, J.A., Thatcher, C.A., Cass, W.B., and Ulrey, C., 2005, Habitat models to assist plant protection efforts in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA: Natural Areas Journal, v. 25, no. 4, p. 339-350.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"350","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404221,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43912425"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n 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Frank T.","contributorId":51172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Manen","given":"Frank T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, John A. 0000-0002-4500-3673 jyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":3777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"John","email":"jyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":416151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A. 0000-0003-0331-071X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":218872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":416150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cass, Wendy B.","contributorId":45106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cass","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ulrey, Chris","contributorId":63598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulrey","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027974,"text":"70027974 - 2005 - Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Monophyletic origin of European isolates from North American Genogroup M","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T16:40:06","indexId":"70027974","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Monophyletic origin of European isolates from North American Genogroup M","docAbstract":"Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was first detected in Europe in 1987 in France and Italy, and later, in 1992, in Germany. The source of the virus and the route of introduction are unknown. The present study investigates the molecular epidemiology of IHNV outbreaks in Germany since its first introduction. The complete nucleotide sequences of the glycoprotein (G) and non-virion (NV) genes from 9 IHNV isolates from Germany have been determined, and this has allowed the identification of characteristic differences between these isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of partial G gene sequences (mid-G, 303 nucleotides) from North American IHNV isolates (Kurath et al. 2003) has revealed 3 major genogroups, designated U, M and L. Using this gene region with 2 different North American IHNV data sets, it was possible to group the European IHNV strains within the M genogroup, but not in any previously defined subgroup. Analysis of the full length G gene sequences indicated that an independent evolution of IHN viruses had occurred in Europe. IHN viruses in Europe seem to be of a monophyletic origin, again most closely related to North American isolates in the M genogroup. Analysis of the NV gene sequences also showed the European isolates to be monophyletic, but resolution of the 3 genogroups was poor with this gene region. As a result of comparative sequence analyses, several different genotypes have been identified circulating in Europe. ?? Inter-Research 2005.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao066187","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Enzmann, P., Kurath, G., Fichtner, D., and Bergmann, S., 2005, Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Monophyletic origin of European isolates from North American Genogroup M: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 66, no. 3, p. 187-195, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao066187.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"195","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao066187","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":236902,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ad4e4b0c8380cd61fec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enzmann, P.-J.","contributorId":69349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enzmann","given":"P.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":100522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fichtner, D.","contributorId":57649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fichtner","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bergmann, S.M.","contributorId":17817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergmann","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027778,"text":"70027778 - 2005 - Mapping and improving frequency, accuracy, and interpretation of land cover change: Classifying coastal Louisiana with 1990, 1993, 1996, and 1999 Landsat Thematic Mapper image data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70027778","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mapping and improving frequency, accuracy, and interpretation of land cover change: Classifying coastal Louisiana with 1990, 1993, 1996, and 1999 Landsat Thematic Mapper image data","docAbstract":"Landsat Thematic Mapper images and collateral data sources were used to classify the land cover of the Mermentau River Basin within the chenier coastal plain and the adjacent uplands of Louisiana, USA. Landcover classes followed that of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Coastal Change Analysis Program; however, classification methods needed to be developed to meet these national standards. Our first classification was limited to the Mermentau River Basin (MRB) in southcentral Louisiana, and the years of 1990, 1993, and 1996. To overcome problems due to class spectral inseparable, spatial and spectra continuums, mixed landcovers, and abnormal transitions, we separated the coastal area into regions of commonality and applying masks to specific land mixtures. Over the three years and 14 landcover classes (aggregating the cultivated land and grassland, and water and floating vegetation classes), overall accuracies ranged from 82% to 90%. To enhance landcover change interpretation, three indicators were introduced as Location Stability, Residence stability, and Turnover. Implementing methods substantiated in the multiple date MRB classification, we spatially extended the classification to the entire Louisiana coast and temporally extended the original 1990, 1993, 1996 classifications to 1999 (Figure 1). We also advanced the operational functionality of the classification and increased the credibility of change detection results. Increased operational functionality that resulted in diminished user input was for the most part gained by implementing a classification logic based on forbidden transitions. The logic detected and corrected misclassifications and mostly alleviated the necessity of subregion separation prior to the classification. The new methods provided an improved ability for more timely detection and response to landcover impact. ?? 2005 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005","conferenceTitle":"3rd International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005","conferenceDate":"16 May 2005 through 18 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Biloxi, MS","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/AMTRSI.2005.1469881","isbn":"0780391187; 9780780391185","usgsCitation":"Nelson, G., Ramsey, E., and Rangoonwala, A., 2005, Mapping and improving frequency, accuracy, and interpretation of land cover change: Classifying coastal Louisiana with 1990, 1993, 1996, and 1999 Landsat Thematic Mapper image data, in Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005, v. 2005, Biloxi, MS, 16 May 2005 through 18 May 2005, p. 241-243, https://doi.org/10.1109/AMTRSI.2005.1469881.","startPage":"241","endPage":"243","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211178,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AMTRSI.2005.1469881"},{"id":238395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a504ee4b0c8380cd6b5c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, G.","contributorId":101072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":415174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rangoonwala, A. 0000-0002-0556-0598","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":95248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":415175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027715,"text":"70027715 - 2005 - Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027715","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"The hydrodynamics in the Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) plays a significant role in the water quality conditions of the lake. In order to provide a quantitative evaluation of the impacts of hydrodynamics on water quality in UKL, a detailed hydrodynamic model was implemented using an unstructured grid 3-D hydrodynamic model known as the UnTRIM model. The circulation in UKL is driven primarily by wind. Wind speed and direction time-series records were used as input, the numerical model reproduced the wind \"set-up\" and \"set-down\" at down wind and upwind ends of the lake, respectively. Of the two acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) records, the UnTRIM model reproduced the measured velocity at the deep station. At the shallow station, the model results showed diurnal patterns that correlated well with wind variations, but the measured velocity showed water velocity sustained at 3 to 5 cm/sec or above. Discrepancies between the model results and observations at the shallow ADCP station is discussed on the basis of correct physics. If the field measurements are inconsistent with the known physics, there exists the possibility that the field data are suspect or the field data are revealing some physical processes that are not yet understood. Copyright ASCE 2005.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40792(173)426","isbn":"0784407924; 9780784407929","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., Gartner, J.W., and Wood, T., 2005, Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, in World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Anchorage, AK, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)426.","startPage":"426","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210913,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)426"},{"id":237993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bd8e4b0c8380cd6f848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, T.","contributorId":31194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027956,"text":"70027956 - 2005 - Empirical relations between elastic wavespeeds and density in the Earth's crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70027956","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical relations between elastic wavespeeds and density in the Earth's crust","docAbstract":"A compilation of compressional-wave (Vp) and shear-wave (Vs) velocities and densities for a wide variety of common lithologies is used to define new nonlinear, multivalued, and quantitative relations between these properties for the Earth's crust. Wireline borehole logs, vertical seismic profiles, laboratory measurements, and seismic tomography models provide a diverse dataset for deriving empirical relations between crustal Vp and Vs. The proposed Vs as a function of Vp relations fit Vs and Vp borehole logs in Quaternary alluvium and Salinian granites as well as laboratory measurements over a 7-km/sec-wide range in Vp. The relations derived here are very close to those used to develop a regional 3D velocity model for southern California, based on pre-1970 data, and thus provide support for that model. These data, and these relations, show a rapid increase in Vs as Vp increases to 3.5 km/sec leading to higher shear-wave velocities in young sedimentary deposits than commonly assumed. These relations, appropriate for active continental margins where earthquakes are prone to occur, suggests that amplification of strong ground motions by shallow geologic deposits may not be as large as predicted by some earlier models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050077","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Brocher, T., 2005, Empirical relations between elastic wavespeeds and density in the Earth's crust: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 6, p. 2081-2092, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050077.","startPage":"2081","endPage":"2092","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210328,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050077"}],"volume":"95","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0910e4b0c8380cd51dad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027713,"text":"70027713 - 2005 - Sexually dimorphic patterns of space use throughout ontogeny in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-16T15:38:28.119923","indexId":"70027713","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2515,"text":"Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sexually dimorphic patterns of space use throughout ontogeny in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)","docAbstract":"Observational and telemetry data were used in a geographic information system database to document the ontogenetic development of sexually dimorphic patterns of space use among free-living spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta in Kenya. No measures of space use were sexually dimorphic among den-dwelling cubs, nor were sex differences apparent among hyenas that had ceased using dens for shelter until these animals were c. 30 months of age. Significant sex differences emerged late in the third year of life, and persisted throughout the remainder of the life span; males were found farther from the geographic centre of the natal territory than were females, and the mean size of individual 95% utility distributions was larger for males than females. Most dispersal events by radio-collared males were preceded by a series of exploratory excursions outside the natal territory. All collared males dispersed, but no collared females did so. Most dispersing males moved only one or two home ranges away at dispersal, roughly 8-10 km distant from the natal territory, before settling in a new social group.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1017/S0952836905007478","issn":"09528369","usgsCitation":"Boydston, E., Kapheim, K., Van Horn, R.C., Smale, L., and Holekamp, K., 2005, Sexually dimorphic patterns of space use throughout ontogeny in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta): Journal of Zoology, v. 267, no. 3, p. 271-281, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836905007478.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"281","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"267","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8dc2e4b08c986b318553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boydston, E. E.","contributorId":106045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boydston","given":"E. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kapheim, K.M.","contributorId":64197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kapheim","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Horn, R. C.","contributorId":53745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Horn","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smale, L.","contributorId":72324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smale","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holekamp, K.E.","contributorId":34077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holekamp","given":"K.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":73393,"text":"ofr20051378 - 2005 - Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T15:46:16","indexId":"ofr20051378","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1378","title":"Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","docAbstract":"Lake Umbagog is a newly established Refuge (in 1993) with an increasing visitation. Current visitation numbers are around 55,000 visits/year. Though limited visitor services are currently offered, additional services will be proposed in the CCP. The purpose of this survey is to assess interested publics' and stakeholders' satisfaction with existing visitor conditions and experiences on the Refuge and the preferences for proposed changes to the Refuge affecting visitation. An additional purpose is to gauge customers' understanding and knowledge regarding the Refuge so that future communications with stakeholders regarding proposed changes can be most effective. Appendix A of this report includes the survey instrument. Appendix B includes the summary data for all of the questions in the survey, in the order that they appear in the survey. For the most part, that information is not repeated in the body of the report, which focuses on the meaning of more in-depth analyses of the survey data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051378","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Stewart, S., Koontz, L., and Wundrock, K.D., 2005, Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1378, Report: 115 p.; Executive Summary: 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051378.","productDescription":"Report: 115 p.; Executive Summary: 7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193323,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051378.PNG"},{"id":320258,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1378/summary.pdf","text":"Executive Summary","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":320257,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1378/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e48b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Susan C.","contributorId":48257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":286395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wundrock, Katherine D.","contributorId":29083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wundrock","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027712,"text":"70027712 - 2005 - Distribution and abundance of nonnative fishes in streams of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027712","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of nonnative fishes in streams of the western United States","docAbstract":"This report presents data from one of the largest standardized stream surveys conducted in he western United States, which shows that one of every four individual fish in streams of 12 western states are nonnative. The states surveyed included Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The most widely distributed and abundant nonnative fishes in the western USA were brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, brown trout Salmo trutta, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, common carp Cyprinus carpio, smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu, largemouth bass M. salmoides, green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus, fathead minnow Pimephales promelas, yellow perch Percaflavescens, yellow bullhead Ameiurus natalis, cutthroat trout O. clarkii, western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis, golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas, channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, and red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis. The greatest abundance and distribution of nonnative fishes was in interior states, and the most common nonnatives were introduced for angling. Nonnative fishes were widespread in pristine to highly disturbed streams influenced by all types of land use practices. We present ranges in water temperature, flow, stream order, riparian cover, human disturbance, and other environmental conditions where the 10 most common introduced species were found. Of the total western U.S. stream length bearing fish, 50.1% contained nonnative fishes while 17.9% contained physical environment that was ranked highly or moderately disturbed by humans. Introduced fishes can adversely affect stream communities, and they are much more widespread in western U.S. streams than habitat destruction. The widespread distribution and high relative abundance of nonnative fishes and their documented negative effects suggest their management and control should elicit at least as much attention as habitat preservation in the protection of native western U.S. stream biota. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M05-037.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Schade, C., and Bonar, S.A., 2005, Distribution and abundance of nonnative fishes in streams of the western United States: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1386-1394, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-037.1.","startPage":"1386","endPage":"1394","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477880,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/m05-037.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210887,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-037.1"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a026ee4b0c8380cd50049","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schade, C.B.","contributorId":82119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schade","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A.","contributorId":79617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027763,"text":"70027763 - 2005 - The evolution of fledging age in songbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027763","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2273,"text":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The evolution of fledging age in songbirds","docAbstract":"In birds with altricial young an important stage in the life history is the age at fledging. In this paper we use an approach proven successful in the prediction of the optimal age at maturity in fish and reptiles to predict the optimal age of fledging in passerines. Integrating the effects of growth on future fecundity and survival leads to the prediction that the optimal age at fledging is given by a function that comprises survival to maturity, the exponent of the fecundity-body size relationship and nestling growth. Growth is described by the logistic equation with parameters, A, K and ti. Assuming that the transitional mortality curve can be approximated by the nestling mortality, Mn, the optimal fledging age, tf, is given by a simple formula involving the three growth parameters, nestling mortality (Mn) and the exponent (d) of the fecundity-body size relationship. Predictions of this equation underestimate the true values by 11-16%, which is expected as a consequence of the transitional mortality function approximation. A transitional mortality function in which mortality is approximately 0.3-0.4 of nesting mortality (i.e. mortality declines rapidly after fledging) produces predictions which, on average, equal the observed values. Data are presented showing that mortality does indeed decline rapidly upon fledging. ?? 2005 European Society for Evolutionary Biology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x","issn":"1010061X","usgsCitation":"Roff, D., Remes, V., and Martin, T.E., 2005, The evolution of fledging age in songbirds: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, v. 18, no. 6, p. 1425-1433, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x.","startPage":"1425","endPage":"1433","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477922,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211007,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00958.x"},{"id":238142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505babe2e4b08c986b32313a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roff, D.A.","contributorId":86963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roff","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Remes, V.","contributorId":72584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remes","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027711,"text":"70027711 - 2005 - Determinants of woody cover in African savannas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70027711","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determinants of woody cover in African savannas","docAbstract":"Savannas are globally important ecosystems of great significance to human economies. In these biomes, which are characterized by the co-dominance of trees and grasses, woody cover is a chief determinant of ecosystem properties 1-3. The availability of resources (water, nutrients) and disturbance regimes (fire, herbivory) are thought to be important in regulating woody cover1,2,4,5, but perceptions differ on which of these are the primary drivers of savanna structure. Here we show, using data from 854 sites across Africa, that maximum woody cover in savannas receiving a mean annual precipitation (MAP) of less than ???650 mm is constrained by, and increases linearly with, MAP. These arid and semi-arid savannas may be considered 'stable' systems in which water constrains woody cover and permits grasses to coexist, while fire, herbivory and soil properties interact to reduce woody cover below the MAP-controlled upper bound. Above a MAP of ???650 mm, savannas are 'unstable' systems in which MAP is sufficient for woody canopy closure, and disturbances (fire, herbivory) are required for the coexistence of trees and grass. These results provide insights into the nature of African savannas and suggest that future changes in precipitation 6 may considerably affect their distribution and dynamics. ?? 2005 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04070","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Sankaran, M., Hanan, N., Scholes, R.J., Ratnam, J., Augustine, D., Cade, B., Gignoux, J., Higgins, S., Le, R.X., Ludwig, F., Ardo, J., Banyikwa, F., Bronn, A., Bucini, G., Caylor, K., Coughenour, M., Diouf, A., Ekaya, W., Feral, C., February, E., Frost, P., Hiernaux, P., Hrabar, H., Metzger, K., Prins, H., Ringrose, S., Sea, W., Tews, J., Worden, J., and Zambatis, N., 2005, Determinants of woody cover in African savannas: Nature, v. 438, no. 7069, p. 846-849, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04070.","startPage":"846","endPage":"849","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":499981,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/determinants-of-woody-cover-in-african-savannas","text":"External Repository"},{"id":211247,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04070"},{"id":238503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"438","issue":"7069","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff84e4b0c8380cd4f229","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankaran, M.","contributorId":96475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankaran","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanan, N.P.","contributorId":82123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanan","given":"N.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholes, Robert J.","contributorId":73405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scholes","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ratnam, J.","contributorId":22573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratnam","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Augustine, D.J.","contributorId":43563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Augustine","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cade, 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W.","contributorId":24562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ekaya","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Feral, C.J.","contributorId":15400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feral","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"February, E.C.","contributorId":22574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"February","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Frost, P.G.H.","contributorId":40415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"P.G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Hiernaux, P.","contributorId":10219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiernaux","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Hrabar, H.","contributorId":64884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hrabar","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Metzger, K.L.","contributorId":16647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Prins, H.H.T.","contributorId":79697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prins","given":"H.H.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Ringrose, S.","contributorId":31196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringrose","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Sea, W.","contributorId":92486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sea","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Tews, J.","contributorId":72196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tews","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Worden, J.","contributorId":46303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worden","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Zambatis, N.","contributorId":76128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zambatis","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30}]}} ,{"id":70027644,"text":"70027644 - 2005 - Validation of abundance estimates from mark–recapture and removal techniques for rainbow trout captured by electrofishing in small streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T15:10:01","indexId":"70027644","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of abundance estimates from mark–recapture and removal techniques for rainbow trout captured by electrofishing in small streams","docAbstract":"Estimation of fish abundance in streams using the removal model or the Lincoln - Peterson mark - recapture model is a common practice in fisheries. These models produce misleading results if their assumptions are violated. We evaluated the assumptions of these two models via electrofishing of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in central Idaho streams. For one-, two-, three-, and four-pass sampling effort in closed sites, we evaluated the influences of fish size and habitat characteristics on sampling efficiency and the accuracy of removal abundance estimates. We also examined the use of models to generate unbiased estimates of fish abundance through adjustment of total catch or biased removal estimates. Our results suggested that the assumptions of the mark - recapture model were satisfied and that abundance estimates based on this approach were unbiased. In contrast, the removal model assumptions were not met. Decreasing sampling efficiencies over removal passes resulted in underestimated population sizes and overestimates of sampling efficiency. This bias decreased, but was not eliminated, with increased sampling effort. Biased removal estimates based on different levels of effort were highly correlated with each other but were less correlated with unbiased mark - recapture estimates. Stream size decreased sampling efficiency, and stream size and instream wood increased the negative bias of removal estimates. We found that reliable estimates of population abundance could be obtained from models of sampling efficiency for different levels of effort. Validation of abundance estimates requires extra attention to routine sampling considerations but can help fisheries biologists avoid pitfalls associated with biased data and facilitate standardized comparisons among studies that employ different sampling methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1577/M04-081.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Rosenberger, A.E., and Dunham, J., 2005, Validation of abundance estimates from mark–recapture and removal techniques for rainbow trout captured by electrofishing in small streams: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1395-1410, https://doi.org/10.1577/M04-081.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1395","endPage":"1410","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":549,"text":"Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210937,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M04-081.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Boise National Forest;Salmon-challis National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.24,41.99 ], [ -117.24,44.11 ], [ -114.04,44.11 ], [ -114.04,41.99 ], [ -117.24,41.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0fee4b08c986b32a3f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B.","contributorId":64791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028238,"text":"70028238 - 2005 - Spatiotemporal evolution of a transient slip event on the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70028238","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal evolution of a transient slip event on the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"In 1993 several baselines of the two-color electronic distance meter (EDM) network at Parkfield, California, deviated from their long-term rates, coincident with anomalous observations from nearby strain meters and a creep meter, as well as an increase in microseismicity. Between October 1992 and December 1994, three M ??? 4.5 earthquakes occurred beneath Middle Mountain, near the hypocenter of the 1934 and 1966 Parkfield M6 events. We analyzed the two-color EDM data using a Kalman-filtering based technique to image the spatiotemporal evolution of slip on the fault at Parkfield between the mid-1980s and 2003. This method accounts for localized random walk motion of the geodetic monuments and a prominent seasonal signal that affects many baselines. We find that a slip rate increase occurred between January 1993 and July 1996 on the upper 8 km of the fault near Middle Mountain. The peak estimated slip rate during this time was 49 mm/yr, which exceeds the long-term geologic rate of ???35 mm/yr. The slip rate evolution appears episodic, with an initial modest increase after the M4.3 earthquake and a much larger jump following the shallower M4.7 event in December 1994. This temporal correlation between inferred slip and seismicity suggests that the moderate earthquakes triggered the aseismic fault slip. The EDM data cannot resolve whether transient slip propagated across the nucleation zone of the 1934 and 1966 M6 Parkfield earthquakes. However, transient slip and its associated stress release in the hypocentral area of previous Parkfield events is consistent with the nucleation of the 2004 M6 Parkfield earthquake elsewhere on the fault. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JB003651","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Murray, J., and Segall, P., 2005, Spatiotemporal evolution of a transient slip event on the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 9, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003651.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210399,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003651"},{"id":237304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94cde4b08c986b31ac59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, J.R.","contributorId":39179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Segall, P.","contributorId":44231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Segall","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027664,"text":"70027664 - 2005 - Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70027664","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision","docAbstract":"Previous site-specific studies designed to assess the impacts of unsewered subdivisions on ground water quality have relied on upgradient monitoring wells or very limited background data to characterize conditions prior to development. In this study, an extensive monitoring program was designed to document ground water conditions prior to construction of a rural subdivision in south-central Wisconsin. Previous agricultural land use has impacted ground water quality; concentrations of chloride, nitrate-nitrogen, and atrazine ranged from below the level of detection to 296 mg/L, 36 mg/L, and 0.8 ??g/L, respectively, and were highly variable from well to well and through time. Seasonal variations in recharge, surface topography, aquifer heterogeneities, surficial loading patterns, and well casing depth explain observed variations in ground water chemistry. This variability would not have been detected if background conditions were determined from only a few monitoring wells or inferred from wells located upgradient of the subdivision site. This project demonstrates the importance of characterizing both ground water quality and chemical variability prior to land-use change to detect any changes once homes are constructed. Copyright ?? 2005 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00044.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Wilcox, J., Bradbury, K.R., Thomas, C.L., and Bahr, J., 2005, Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision: Ground Water, v. 43, no. 6, p. 787-795, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00044.x.","startPage":"787","endPage":"795","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211141,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00044.x"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edcce4b0c8380cd499f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcox, J.D.","contributorId":107920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, C. L.","contributorId":43802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bahr, J.M.","contributorId":62346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027707,"text":"70027707 - 2005 - Landscape structure and plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs on grasslands of the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70027707","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape structure and plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs on grasslands of the western USA","docAbstract":"Landscape structure influences the abundance and distribution of many species, including pathogens that cause infectious diseases. Black-tailed prairie dogs in the western USA have declined precipitously over the past 100 years, most recently due to grassland conversion and their susceptibility to sylvatic plague. We assembled and analyzed two long-term data sets on plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs to explore the hypotheses that plague occurrence is associated with colony characteristics and landscape context. Our two study areas (Boulder County, Colorado, and Phillips County, Montana) differed markedly in degree of urbanization and other landscape characteristics. In both study areas, we found associations between plague occurrence and landscape and colony characteristics such as the amount of roads, streams and lakes surrounding a prairie dog colony, the area covered by the colony and its neighbors, and the distance to the nearest plague-positive colony. Logistic regression models were similar between the two study areas, with the best models predicting positive effects of proximity to plague-positive colonies and negative effects of road, stream and lake cover on plague occurrence. Taken together, these results suggest that roads, streams and lakes may serve as barriers to plague in black-tailed prairie dog colonies by affecting movement of or habitat quality for plague hosts or for fleas that serve as vectors for the pathogen. The similarity in plague correlates between urban and rural study areas suggests that the correlates of plague are not altered by uniquely urban stressors. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10980-005-4617-5","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Collinge, S., Johnson, W., Ray, C., Matchett, R., Grensten, J., Cully, J., Gage, K., Kosoy, M., Loye, J., and Martin, A., 2005, Landscape structure and plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs on grasslands of the western USA: Landscape Ecology, v. 20, no. 8, p. 941-955, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-005-4617-5.","startPage":"941","endPage":"955","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211199,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-005-4617-5"}],"volume":"20","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a441ee4b0c8380cd66893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collinge, S.K.","contributorId":58832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinge","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.C.","contributorId":68003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ray, C.","contributorId":40758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matchett, R.","contributorId":92482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grensten, J.","contributorId":29196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grensten","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cully, J.F. Jr.","contributorId":51041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cully","given":"J.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gage, K.L.","contributorId":107653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gage","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kosoy, M.Y.","contributorId":78283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kosoy","given":"M.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Loye, J.E.","contributorId":9056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loye","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Martin, A.P.","contributorId":12257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70176043,"text":"70176043 - 2005 - Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T10:48:36","indexId":"70176043","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska","docAbstract":"Timing of migration and characterization of migration patterns of birds are usually based on dates of peak migration to and from staging, wintering, and breeding areas used by the bulk of a species. For Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum), as well as other species, the timing of migration into and through the Beaufort Sea is based on counts of birds past land or ice-based sites and radar observations, and arrival dates to colonies determined by influxes of birds seen by ground observers. With the continued and proposed development of nearshore and offshore waters of the Beaufort Sea, there is an expanding need to manage local populations. Observations of individual Pacific common eiders can provide a more complete understanding of local populations as well as variability among populations. This study was designed to determine factors influencing migration patterns of individuals nesting in the western Beaufort Sea from their wintering locations along the Chukotka Peninsula, through the eastern Chukchi and western Beaufort seas, until their arrival to their nesting area. The Simpson Lagoon/Maguire Island nesting colonies are 1300-1400 km from the primary winter area. Eiders enter the Beaufort Sea at Point Barrow then move east 300-350 km to their nesting colonies. Nesting adult females were marked with satellite transmitters during summer then followed the next spring and early summer. Transmitters were programmed to provide location data every 3 days (2001, n = 12) or daily (2002 and 2004, n = 7 and 18, respectively) beginning 15 April. I expected the dates of arrival to the colony to vary with weather during migration (Point. Barrow to the colony) and general conditions in spring (early or late year based on differences in temperatures from the long term norm for April, May, and June). All individuals returned to the colony area they were marked the previous year. Data were consistent with other “short” distance migrants. There were no correlations of the dates of arrival to the dates birds left the wintering area, the total days spent staging, wind speed or direction, temperature, weather, or seasonal differences in temperature from the long term average, a plethora of non-significant results. However, two patterns emerged: some birds migrated about 550 km and staged in the eastern Chukchi Sea before migrating to the colonies, while others went directly either to the colony area (1300 km) or elsewhere within the western Beaufort. I will present preliminary analysis and several hypotheses regarding these two strategies.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second North America Sea Duck Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Second North America Sea Duck Conference","conferenceDate":"November 7-11, 2005","conferenceLocation":"Annapolis, MD","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., 2005, Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska, in Second North America Sea Duck Conference, Annapolis, MD, November 7-11, 2005.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/seaduck_conf2005/2%20sea%20duck%20e.pdf","size":"1.42MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6b06fe4b0f2f0cebe5caf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70028244,"text":"70028244 - 2005 - Technical review of the status of Northern Goshawks in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028244","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Technical review of the status of Northern Goshawks in the western United States","docAbstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) was petitioned in 1997 to consider listing Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis atricapillus) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, west of the 100th meridian of the contiguous United States. In their 12-mo finding issued in June 1998, the FWS determined that listing this population as threatened or endangered was not warranted and based that decision on review existing population and habitat information. Because the status of goshawks in the western U.S. continues to be contentious and the FWS finding has been challenged, the Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. and The Wildlife Society jointly formed a committee to review information regarding the status of the goshawk population in the contiguous U.S. west of the 100th meridian. The committee was requested to: (1) determine if there is evidence of a population trend in goshawks in the western U.S., excluding Alaska; (2) determine if there is evidence that goshawks nesting in the eastern and western U.S. represent distinctive, genetically unique populations; and (3) evaluate evidence for goshawk-habitat relations, including any association with large, mostly-unbroken tracts of old growth and mature forests. Based on existing information, the committee concluded: (1) existing data are not adequate to assess population trend in goshawks west of the 100th meridian; (2) existing analyses of phylogeography have not provided evidence of genetic differences among recognized (atricapillus, laingi) or putative (apache) subspecies, and the genetic distinctness of atricapillus goshawks in western and eastern North America is not known; and (3) at present, assessing the status of goshawks solely using distribution of late-successional forests is not appropriate, based on the current understanding of goshawk-habitat relations, although goshawks clearly use and often select late-successional forests for nesting and foraging. We provide recommendations on information needs to assess status and population trend of goshawks in the western U.S. ?? 2005 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Andersen, D., DeStefano, S., Goldstein, M., Titus, K., Crocker-Bedford, C., Keane, J., Anthony, R., and Rosenfield, R.N., 2005, Technical review of the status of Northern Goshawks in the western United States: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 39, no. 3, p. 192-209.","startPage":"192","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba403e4b08c986b320059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andersen, D. E.","contributorId":27816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeStefano, S.","contributorId":84309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldstein, M.I.","contributorId":21386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"M.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Titus, K.","contributorId":93865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crocker-Bedford, C.","contributorId":99013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crocker-Bedford","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keane, J.J.","contributorId":30729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keane","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anthony, R.G.","contributorId":107641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rosenfield, Robert N.","contributorId":94013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenfield","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70027378,"text":"70027378 - 2005 - Relationships of elevation, channel slope, and stream width to occurrences of native fishes at the Great Plains-Rocky Mountains interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-24T13:36:59.236359","indexId":"70027378","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships of elevation, channel slope, and stream width to occurrences of native fishes at the Great Plains-Rocky Mountains interface","docAbstract":"Environmental gradients occur with upstream progression from plains to mountains and affect the occurrence of native warmwater fish species, but the relative importance of various environmental gradients are not defined. We assessed the relative influences of elevation, channel slope, and stream width on the occurrences of 15 native warmwater fish species among 152 reaches scattered across the North Platte River drainage of Wyoming at the interface of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains. Most species were collected in reaches that were lower in elevation, had lower channel slopes, and were wider than the medians of the 152 sampled reaches. Several species occurred over a relatively narrow range of elevation, channel slope, or stream width among the sampled reaches, but the distributions of some species appeared to extend beyond the ranges of the sampled reaches. We identified competing logistic-regression models that accounted for the occurrence of individual species using the information-theoretic approach. Linear logistic-regression models accounted for patterns in the data better than curvilinear models for all species. The highest ranked models included channel slope for seven species, elevation for six species, stream width for one species, and both channel slope and stream width for one species. Our results suggest that different environmental gradients may affect upstream boundaries of different fish species at the interface of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains in Wyoming.
The National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 requires all units of the National Wildlife Refuge System to be managed under a Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). The CCP must describe the desired future conditions of a Refuge and provide long range guidance and management direction to achieve Refuge purposes. Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), located 27 miles northeast of Aberdeen, South Dakota, is in the process of developing a range of management goals, objectives, and strategies for the CCP. The CCP for Sand Lake NWR must contain an analysis of expected effects associated with current and proposed Refuge management strategies.
\nSpecial interest groups and local residents often criticize a change in Refuge management, especially if there is a perceived negative impact to the local economy. Having objective data on income and employment impacts may show that these economic fears are drastically overstated. Quite often, residents do not realize the extent of economic benefits a Refuge provides to a local community; yet at the same time overestimate the impact of negative changes. Spending associated with Refuge recreational activities such as wildlife viewing and hunting can generate considerable tourism activity for the regional economy. Refuge personnel typically spend considerable amounts of money purchasing supplies in the local lumber and hardware stores, repairing equipment and purchasing fuel at the local service stations, as well as reside and spend their salaries in the community.
\nThe purpose of this study was to provide the economic analysis needed for the Sand Lake NWR CCP by evaluating the regional economic impacts associated with the Sand Lake NWR Draft CCP management strategies. For Refuge CCP planning, an economic impact analysis describes how current (No Action Alternative) and proposed management activities (alternatives) affect the local economy. This type of analysis provides two critical pieces of information: (1) it illustrates a refuge’s contribution to the local community; and (2) it can help in determining whether local economic effects are or are not a real concern in choosing among management alternatives.
\nSand Lake NWR is currently managed to improve and maintain habitat for nesting and resting waterfowl and other migratory birds, such as diving and puddle ducks, geese, grebes, herons, egrets, gulls, and terns. There are three alternatives evaluated in the draft CCP. Alternative 1, the No Action alternative, would continue Refuge management at current levels and would not involve extensive restoration of cropland, grassland, and wetland habitat or improvements to roads, interpretive, and administrative facilities. No new funding or staff levels would occur and programs would follow the same direction, emphasis, and intensity as they do at present. Alternative 2 would maximize the biological potential of the refuge for species of grassland-nesting birds. This would be accomplished through intense management of upland habitat for nesting migratory birds, minimal management for resident species, and minimization of public use that may interfere with migratory bird production. The third alternative takes an integrated approach, with management practices that would serve to maximize the biological potential of Sand Lake for migratory birds.
\nThis report first provides a description of the local community and economy near the Refuge. An analysis of current and proposed management strategies that could affect the local economy is then presented. The Refuge management activities of economic concern in this analysis are Refuge personnel staffing and Refuge spending within the local community, and spending in the local community by Refuge visitors.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051195","usgsCitation":"Koontz, L., and Lambert, H., 2005, Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1195, iii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051195.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191551,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051195.PNG"},{"id":320264,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1195/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":285903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, Heather","contributorId":23640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027927,"text":"70027927 - 2005 - Some geometric constraints on ring-width trend","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:27:30","indexId":"70027927","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3650,"text":"Tree-Ring Research","onlineIssn":"2162-4585","printIssn":"1536-1098","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some geometric constraints on ring-width trend","docAbstract":"Simulations of tree rings from trees of undisturbed forest sites are used to describe natural, long-term width trends. Ring-width trends of canopy-sized white oak are simulated from regressions of BAI(ring area) data of real trees. Examples are given of a tree from a typical re-growth forest in Illinois and of a more slowly growing tree from an old-growth forest in Kentucky. The long-term width trend was simulated as being toward constant ring width regardless of growth rate of the tree. Conditions by which either increasing or decreasing ring-width trends could be simulated from the same linear BAI trend are examined. I conclude that curvilinear width trends, either increasing or decreasing, represent width adjustments to changes in growth rate (BAI trend) after which the width trend stabilizes to a near-constant value. Interpretation of ring-width trends of trees from undisturbed stands may be useful in assessing stand disturbance history.
","language":"English","publisher":"Tree-Ring Society","doi":"10.3959/1536-1098-61.2.73","usgsCitation":"Phipps, R.L., 2005, Some geometric constraints on ring-width trend: Tree-Ring Research, v. 61, no. 2, p. 73-76, https://doi.org/10.3959/1536-1098-61.2.73.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"76","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477735,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/262639","text":"External Repository"},{"id":238518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b92ade4b08c986b31a05a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phipps, Richard L.","contributorId":52122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phipps","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027922,"text":"70027922 - 2005 - Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits: S-language software for regression on order statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70027922","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits: S-language software for regression on order statistics","docAbstract":"Trace contaminants in water, including metals and organics, often are measured at sufficiently low concentrations to be reported only as values below the instrument detection limit. Interpretation of these \"less thans\" is complicated when multiple detection limits occur. Statistical methods for multiply censored, or multiple-detection limit, datasets have been developed for medical and industrial statistics, and can be employed to estimate summary statistics or model the distributions of trace-level environmental data. We describe S-language-based software tools that perform robust linear regression on order statistics (ROS). The ROS method has been evaluated as one of the most reliable procedures for developing summary statistics of multiply censored data. It is applicable to any dataset that has 0 to 80% of its values censored. These tools are a part of a software library, or add-on package, for the R environment for statistical computing. This library can be used to generate ROS models and associated summary statistics, plot modeled distributions, and predict exceedance probabilities of water-quality standards. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2005.03.012","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Lee, L., and Helsel, D., 2005, Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits: S-language software for regression on order statistics: Computers & Geosciences, v. 31, no. 10, p. 1241-1248, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2005.03.012.","startPage":"1241","endPage":"1248","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211211,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2005.03.012"}],"volume":"31","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9717e4b08c986b31b894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, L.","contributorId":77730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helsel, D.","contributorId":94492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}