A new approach has been developed for solving solute transport problems in randomly heterogeneous media using the Karhunen‐Loève‐based moment equation (KLME) technique proposed by Zhang and Lu (2004). The KLME approach combines the Karhunen‐Loève decomposition of the underlying random conductivity field and the perturbative and polynomial expansions of dependent variables including the hydraulic head, flow velocity, dispersion coefficient, and solute concentration. The equations obtained in this approach are sequential, and their structure is formulated in the same form as the original governing equations such that any existing simulator, such as Modular Three‐Dimensional Multispecies Transport Model for Simulation of Advection, Dispersion, and Chemical Reactions of Contaminants in Groundwater Systems (MT3DMS), can be directly applied as the solver. Through a series of two‐dimensional examples, the validity of the KLME approach is evaluated against the classical Monte Carlo simulations. Results indicate that under the flow and transport conditions examined in this work, the KLME approach provides an accurate representation of the mean concentration. For the concentration variance, the accuracy of the KLME approach is good when the conductivity variance is 0.5. As the conductivity variance increases up to 1.0, the mismatch on the concentration variance becomes large, although the mean concentration can still be accurately reproduced by the KLME approach. Our results also indicate that when the conductivity variance is relatively large, neglecting the effects of the cross terms between velocity fluctuations and local dispersivities, as done in some previous studies, can produce noticeable errors, and a rigorous treatment of the dispersion terms becomes more appropriate.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006WR005193","usgsCitation":"Liu, G., Lu, Z., and Zhang, D., 2007, Stochastic uncertainty analysis for solute transport in randomly heterogeneous media using a Karhunen‐Loève‐based moment equation approach: Water Resources Research, v. 43, no. 7, Article W07427; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005193.","productDescription":"Article W07427; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477023,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006wr005193","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9853e4b08c986b31bf99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhiming","contributorId":174148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhiming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Dongxiao","contributorId":26409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Dongxiao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030098,"text":"70030098 - 2007 - Temperature-mediated differences in bacterial kidney disease expression and survival in Renibacterium salmoninarum-challenged bull trout and other salmonids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70030098","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature-mediated differences in bacterial kidney disease expression and survival in Renibacterium salmoninarum-challenged bull trout and other salmonids","docAbstract":"Resource managers considering restoration and reconnection of watersheds to protect and enhance threatened populations of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus have little information about the consequences of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum. To better understand the response of bull trout to R. salmoninarum challenge, we conducted several laboratory experiments at two water temperatures. The extent, severity, and lethality of BKD in bull trout were compared with those of similarly challenged lake trout S. namaycush, Arctic char S. alpinus, Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, and rainbow trout O. mykiss. The lethal dose of bacterial cells necessary to induce 50% mortality (LD50) was 10-fold lower at the 15??C challenge than at the 9??C challenge. Of the species tested, bull trout were relatively resistant to BKD, Arctic char were the most susceptible among Salvelinus species, and Chinook salmon were the most susceptible among Oncorhynchus species tested. Mean time to death was more rapid for all fish tested at 15??C than for fish challenged at 9??C. These results suggest that infection of bull trout with BKD likely poses a low risk to successful restoration of threatened populations. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-002.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Jones, D., Moffitt, C., and Peters, K., 2007, Temperature-mediated differences in bacterial kidney disease expression and survival in Renibacterium salmoninarum-challenged bull trout and other salmonids: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 2, p. 695-706, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-002.1.","startPage":"695","endPage":"706","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212671,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-002.1"},{"id":240194,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4d6e4b08c986b320607","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, D.T.","contributorId":35024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moffitt, C.M.","contributorId":84554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffitt","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, K.K.","contributorId":62025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030102,"text":"70030102 - 2007 - On the formation and structure of rare-earth element complexes in aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions with new data on gadolinium aqua and chloro complexes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70030102","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the formation and structure of rare-earth element complexes in aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions with new data on gadolinium aqua and chloro complexes","docAbstract":"Synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy experiments were made on the Gd(III) aqua and chloro complexes in low pH aqueous solutions at temperatures ranging from 25 to 500????C and at pressures up to 480??MPa using a hydrothermal diamond anvil cell. Analysis of fluorescence Gd L3-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra measured from a 0.006m Gd/0.16m HNO3 aqueous solution at temperatures up to 500????C and at pressures up to 260??MPa shows that the Gd-O distance of the Gd3+ aqua ion decreases steadily at a rate of ??? 0.007??A??/100????C whereas the number of coordinated H2O molecules decreases from 9.0 ?? 0.5 to 7.0 ?? 0.4. The loss of water molecules in the Gd3+ aqua ion inner hydration shell over this temperature range (a 22% reduction) is smaller than exhibited by the Yb3+ aqua ion (42% reduction) indicating that the former is significantly more stable than the later. We conjecture that the anomalous enrichment of Gd reported from measurement of REE concentrations in ocean waters may be attributed to the enhanced stability of the Gd3+ aqua ion relative to other REEs. Gd L3-edge XAFS measurements of 0.006m and 0.1m GdCl3 aqueous solutions at temperatures up to 500????C and pressures up to 480??MPa reveal that the onset of significant Gd3+-Cl- association occurs around 300????C. Partially-hydrated stepwise inner-sphere complexes most likely of the type Gd(H2O)??-nCln+3-n occur in the chloride solutions at higher temperatures, where ?? ??? 8 at 300????C decreasing slightly to an intermediate value between 7 and 8 upon approaching 500????C. This is the first direct evidence for the occurrence of partially-hydrated REE Gd (this study) and Yb [Mayanovic, R.A., Jayanetti, S., Anderson, A.J., Bassett, W.A., Chou, I-M., 2002a. The structure of Yb3+ aquo ion and chloro complexes in aqueous solutions at up to 500 ??C and 270 MPa. J. Phys. Chem. A 106, 6591-6599.] chloro complexes in hydrothermal solutions. The number of chlorides (n) of the partially-hydrated Gd(III) chloro complexes increases steadily with temperature from 0.4 ?? 0.2 to 1.7 ?? 0.3 in the 0.006m chloride solution and from 0.9 ?? 0.7 to 1.8 ?? 0.7 in the 0.1m GdCl3 aqueous solution in the 300-500????C range. Conversely, the number of H2O ligands of Gd(H2O)??-nCln+3-n complexes decreases steadily from 8.9 ?? 0.4 to 5.8 ?? 0.7 in the 0.006m GdCl3 aqueous solution and from 9.0 ?? 0.5 to 5.3 ?? 1.0 in the 0.1m GdCl3 aqueous solution at temperatures from 25 to 500????C. Analysis of our results shows that the chloride ions partially displace the inner-shell water molecules during Gd(III) complex formation under hydrothermal conditions. The Gd-OH2 bond of the partially-hydrated Gd(III) chloro complexes exhibits slightly smaller rates of length contraction (??? 0.005??A??/100????C) for both solutions. The structural aspects of chloride speciation of Gd(III) as measured from this study and of Yb(III) as measured from our previous experiments are consistent with the solubility of these and other REE in deep-sea hydrothermal fluids. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.10.004","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Mayanovic, R.A., Anderson, A.J., Bassett, W.A., and Chou, I., 2007, On the formation and structure of rare-earth element complexes in aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions with new data on gadolinium aqua and chloro complexes: Chemical Geology, v. 239, no. 3-4, p. 266-283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.10.004.","startPage":"266","endPage":"283","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212729,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.10.004"},{"id":240261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"239","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6dcce4b0c8380cd75330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayanovic, Robert A.","contributorId":88528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayanovic","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Alan J.","contributorId":28770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bassett, William A.","contributorId":47533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bassett","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030209,"text":"70030209 - 2007 - Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits II: S-language software for nonparametric distribution modeling and hypothesis testing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030209","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits II: S-language software for nonparametric distribution modeling and hypothesis testing","docAbstract":"Analysis of low concentrations of trace contaminants in environmental media often results in left-censored data that are below some limit of analytical precision. Interpretation of values becomes complicated when there are multiple detection limits in the data-perhaps as a result of changing analytical precision over time. Parametric and semi-parametric methods, such as maximum likelihood estimation and robust regression on order statistics, can be employed to model distributions of multiply censored data and provide estimates of summary statistics. However, these methods are based on assumptions about the underlying distribution of data. Nonparametric methods provide an alternative that does not require such assumptions. A standard nonparametric method for estimating summary statistics of multiply-censored data is the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method. This method has seen widespread usage in the medical sciences within a general framework termed \"survival analysis\" where it is employed with right-censored time-to-failure data. However, K-M methods are equally valid for the left-censored data common in the geosciences. Our S-language software provides an analytical framework based on K-M methods that is tailored to the needs of the earth and environmental sciences community. This includes routines for the generation of empirical cumulative distribution functions, prediction or exceedance probabilities, and related confidence limits computation. Additionally, our software contains K-M-based routines for nonparametric hypothesis testing among an unlimited number of grouping variables. A primary characteristic of K-M methods is that they do not perform extrapolation and interpolation. Thus, these routines cannot be used to model statistics beyond the observed data range or when linear interpolation is desired. For such applications, the aforementioned parametric and semi-parametric methods must be used.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2006.09.006","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Lee, L., and Helsel, D., 2007, Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits II: S-language software for nonparametric distribution modeling and hypothesis testing: Computers & Geosciences, v. 33, no. 5, p. 696-704, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2006.09.006.","startPage":"696","endPage":"704","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211885,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2006.09.006"},{"id":239259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9716e4b08c986b31b891","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, L.","contributorId":77730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helsel, D.","contributorId":94492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030208,"text":"70030208 - 2007 - Efficiency of conventional drinking-water-treatment processes in removal of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T10:52:39","indexId":"70030208","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficiency of conventional drinking-water-treatment processes in removal of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds","docAbstract":"Samples of water and sediment from a conventional drinking-water-treatment (DWT) plant were analyzed for 113 organic compounds (OCs) that included pharmaceuticals, detergent degradates, flame retardants and plasticizers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fragrances and flavorants, pesticides and an insect repellent, and plant and animal steroids. 45 of these compounds were detected in samples of source water and 34 were detected in samples of settled sludge and (or) filter-backwash sediments. The average percent removal of these compounds was calculated from their average concentration in time-composited water samples collected after clarification, disinfection (chlorination), and granular-activated-carbon (GAC) filtration. In general, GAC filtration accounted for 53% of the removal of these compounds from the aqueous phase; disinfection accounted for 32%, and clarification accounted for 15%. The effectiveness of these treatments varied widely within and among classes of compounds; some hydrophobic compounds were strongly oxidized by free chlorine, and some hydrophilic compounds were partly removed through adsorption processes. The detection of 21 of the compounds in 1 or more samples of finished water, and of 3 to 13 compounds in every finished-water sample, indicates substantial but incomplete degradation or removal of OCs through the conventional DWT process used at this plant.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.095","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Stackelberg, P.E., Gibs, J., Furlong, E.T., Meyer, M.T., Zaugg, S.D., and Lippincott, R., 2007, Efficiency of conventional drinking-water-treatment processes in removal of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds: Science of the Total Environment, v. 377, no. 2-3, p. 255-272, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.095.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"272","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211884,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.095"}],"volume":"377","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0866e4b0c8380cd51adb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stackelberg, Paul E. 0000-0002-1818-355X pestack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-355X","contributorId":1069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackelberg","given":"Paul","email":"pestack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibs, Jacob jgibs@usgs.gov","contributorId":1729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibs","given":"Jacob","email":"jgibs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":426132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":426131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lippincott, R.L.","contributorId":73817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lippincott","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030001,"text":"70030001 - 2007 - Hydrology and water quality in two mountain basins of the northeastern US: Assessing baseline conditions and effects of ski area development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70030001","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrology and water quality in two mountain basins of the northeastern US: Assessing baseline conditions and effects of ski area development","docAbstract":"Mountain regions throughout the world face intense development pressures associated with recreational and tourism uses. Despite these pressures, much of the research on bio-geophysical impacts of humans in mountain regions has focused on the effects of natural resource extraction. This paper describes findings from the first 3 years of a study examining high elevation watershed processes in a region undergoing alpine resort development. Our study is designed as a paired-watershed experiment. The Ranch Brook watershed (9.6 km2) is a relatively pristine, forested watershed and serves as the undeveloped 'control' basin. West Branch (11.7 km2) encompasses an existing alpine ski resort, with approximately 17% of the basin occupied by ski trails and impervious surfaces, and an additional 7% slated for clearing and development. Here, we report results for water years 2001-2003 of streamflow and water quality dynamics for these watersheds. Precipitation increases significantly with elevation in the watersheds, and winter precipitation represents 36-46% of annual precipitation. Artificial snowmaking from water within West Branch watershed currently augments annual precipitation by only 3-4%. Water yield in the developed basin exceeded that in the control by 18-36%. Suspended sediment yield was more than two and a half times greater and fluxes of all major solutes were higher in the developed basin. Our study is the first to document the effects of existing ski area development on hydrology and water quality in the northeastern US and will serve as an important baseline for evaluating the effects of planned resort expansion activities in this area.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6700","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Wemple, B., Shanley, J., Denner, J., Ross, D., and Mills, K., 2007, Hydrology and water quality in two mountain basins of the northeastern US: Assessing baseline conditions and effects of ski area development, in Hydrological Processes, v. 21, no. 12, p. 1639-1650, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6700.","startPage":"1639","endPage":"1650","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212695,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6700"}],"volume":"21","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a36dde4b0c8380cd60a67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wemple, B.","contributorId":70257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wemple","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shanley, J.","contributorId":37488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denner, J.","contributorId":31215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denner","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ross, D.","contributorId":7049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mills, K.","contributorId":37036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029997,"text":"70029997 - 2007 - Use of carboxylated microspheres to assess transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts at the Russian River water supply facility, Sonoma County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T10:25:59","indexId":"70029997","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1800,"text":"Geomicrobiology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of carboxylated microspheres to assess transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts at the Russian River water supply facility, Sonoma County, California","docAbstract":"","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomicrobiology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/01490450701456867","issn":"01490451","usgsCitation":"Metge, D.W., Harvey, R.W., Anders, R., Rosenberry, D.O., Seymour, D., and Jasperse, J., 2007, Use of carboxylated microspheres to assess transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts at the Russian River water supply facility, Sonoma County, California: Geomicrobiology Journal, v. 24, no. 3-4, p. 231-245, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450701456867.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"231","endPage":"245","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212664,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490450701456867"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Sonoma County","otherGeospatial":"Russian River Water Supply Facility","volume":"24","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbecce4b08c986b3297c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metge, David W. dwmetge@usgs.gov","contributorId":663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"David","email":"dwmetge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anders, Robert 0000-0002-2363-9072 randers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-9072","contributorId":1210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anders","given":"Robert","email":"randers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seymour, Donald","contributorId":175253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seymour","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17863,"text":"Sonoma County Water Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jasperse, Jay","contributorId":168661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jasperse","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":17863,"text":"Sonoma County Water Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030207,"text":"70030207 - 2007 - Daily foraging patterns of adult Double-crested Cormorants during the breeding season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030207","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Daily foraging patterns of adult Double-crested Cormorants during the breeding season","docAbstract":"We recorded the daily presence of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) at the nesting island on Oneida Lake, New York, by monitoring the activities of 15 radio-tagged adults from July through September, 2000, using an automated data-logging receiver. A total of 24,464 acceptable detections was obtained for adult cormorants actively attempting to nest on the lake. Tagged cormorants had a bimodal dally activity pattern during the first month, with the fewest birds detected on the island at 09.00 h and 15.00 h Eastern daylight time. The pattern of activity appeared to change slightly in the second month of the study, representative of a post-breeding period for the colony, with a shift from a less synchronous pattern of departures to a greater focus on morning activity also centered around 09.30 h. These results correspond with daily observations of Great Cormorant (P. carbo) foraging activities reported for colonies in Africa and Poland. The data also support the possibility of nocturnal foraging activity, not previously reported for this species on their summer breeding grounds. No correlation was found between total number of daily detections and climatalogical factors or events.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2007)30[189:DFPOAD]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Coleman, J., and Richmond, M.E., 2007, Daily foraging patterns of adult Double-crested Cormorants during the breeding season: Waterbirds, v. 30, no. 2, p. 189-198, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2007)30[189:DFPOAD]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"189","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211853,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2007)30[189:DFPOAD]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd5be4b0c8380cd4e7c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, J.T.H.","contributorId":86156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"J.T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, M. E.","contributorId":22729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030183,"text":"70030183 - 2007 - A classification of U.S. estuaries based on physical and hydrologic attributes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030183","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A classification of U.S. estuaries based on physical and hydrologic attributes","docAbstract":"A classification of U.S. estuaries is presented based on estuarine characteristics that have been identified as important for quantifying stressor-response relationships in coastal systems. Estuaries within a class have similar physical and hydrologic characteristics and would be expected to demonstrate similar biological responses to stressor loads from the adjacent watersheds. Nine classes of estuaries were identified by applying cluster analysis to a database for 138 U.S. estuarine drainage areas. The database included physical measures of estuarine areas, depth and volume, as well as hydrologic parameters (i.e., tide height, tidal prism volume, freshwater inflow rates, salinity, and temperature). The ability of an estuary to dilute or flush pollutants can be estimated using physical and hydrologic properties such as volume, bathymetry, freshwater inflow and tidal exchange rates which influence residence time and affect pollutant loading rates. Thus, physical and hydrologic characteristics can be used to estimate the susceptibility of estuaries to pollutant effects. This classification of estuaries can be used by natural resource managers to describe and inventory coastal systems, understand stressor impacts, predict which systems are most sensitive to stressors, and manage and protect coastal resources. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-006-9372-9","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Engle, V., Kurtz, J., Smith, L., Chancy, C., and Bourgeois, P., 2007, A classification of U.S. estuaries based on physical and hydrologic attributes: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 129, no. 1-3, p. 397-412, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9372-9.","startPage":"397","endPage":"412","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211995,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9372-9"},{"id":239392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e342e4b0c8380cd45ef6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engle, V.D.","contributorId":15562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"V.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurtz, J.C.","contributorId":63616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurtz","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, L.M.","contributorId":82650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chancy, C.","contributorId":72202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chancy","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bourgeois, P.","contributorId":94498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourgeois","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029974,"text":"70029974 - 2007 - Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029974","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index","docAbstract":"Mechanized maneuver training impacts the landscape by creating depressions, compacting soils, producing bare ground areas, transporting seeds of invasive plants, and crushing vegetation. We measured 3 physical, 13 chemical, and 2 biological soil properties and used a disturbance index (DI) based on perceptions of soil conditions on a military installation to assess the condition of 100 ?? 100 m plots (1 ha): 10 in 2002 and 10 in 2004. Potential DI scores range from 0 (no appreciable evidence of disturbance) to 1 (>95 per cent of the plot disturbed). Bulk density, porosity (%), and water content (%) - all at 5-1-10-0cm depth, and nematode family richness (NFR) were significantly, negatively correlated (Spearman coefficients, rs) with the DI of both years. The strong negative correlation (rs., = -0.69 in 2002, -0.79 in 2004) of NFR with the DI appears to reflect the status of nematode diversity and, therefore, may serve as a useful, inexpensive approach to rapidly assessing grasslands subjected to mechanized military training. Copyright ?? 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Land Degradation and Development","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/ldr.773","issn":"10853278","usgsCitation":"Althoff, D.P., Althoff, P., Lambrecht, N., Gipson, P.S., Pontius, J., and Woodford, P., 2007, Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index: Land Degradation and Development, v. 18, no. 3, p. 269-288, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.773.","startPage":"269","endPage":"288","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212816,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.773"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9214e4b08c986b319cae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Althoff, Donald P.","contributorId":20980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Althoff","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Althoff, P.S.","contributorId":100614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Althoff","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lambrecht, N.D.","contributorId":33127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambrecht","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gipson, P. S.","contributorId":70136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gipson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pontius, J.S.","contributorId":69523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pontius","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woodford, P.B.","contributorId":24996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodford","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029960,"text":"70029960 - 2007 - Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-13T10:32:00","indexId":"70029960","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study","docAbstract":"Naturally occurring pyrite commonly contains minor substituted metals and metalloids (As, Se, Hg, Cu, Ni, etc.) that can be released to the environment as a result of its weathering. Arsenic, often the most abundant minor constituent in pyrite, is a sensitive monitor of progressive pyrite oxidation in coal. To test the effect of pyrite composition and environmental parameters on the rate and extent of pyrite oxidation in coal, splits of five bituminous coal samples having differing amounts of pyrite and extents of As substitution in the pyrite, were exposed to a range of simulated weathering conditions over a period of 17 months. Samples investigated include a Springfield coal from Indiana (whole coal pyritic S = 2.13 wt.%; As in pyrite = detection limit (d.l.) to 0.06 wt.%), two Pittsburgh coal samples from West Virginia (pyritic S = 1.32–1.58 wt.%; As in pyrite = d.l. to 0.34 wt.%), and two samples from the Warrior Basin, Alabama (pyritic S = 0.26–0.27 wt.%; As in pyrite = d.l. to 2.72 wt.%). Samples were collected from active mine faces, and expected differences in the concentration of As in pyrite were confirmed by electron microprobe analysis. Experimental weathering conditions in test chambers were maintained as follows: (1) dry Ar atmosphere; (2) dry O2 atmosphere; (3) room atmosphere (relative humidity ∼20–60%); and (4) room atmosphere with samples wetted periodically with double-distilled water. Sample splits were removed after one month, nine months, and 17 months to monitor the extent of As and Fe oxidation using As X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, respectively. Arsenic XANES spectroscopy shows progressive oxidation of pyritic As to arsenate, with wetted samples showing the most rapid oxidation. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy also shows a much greater proportion of Fe3+ forms (jarosite, Fe3+ sulfate, FeOOH) for samples stored under wet conditions, but much less difference among samples stored under dry conditions in different atmospheres. The air-wet experiments show evidence of pyrite re-precipitation from soluble ferric sulfates, with As retention in the jarosite phase. Extents of As and Fe oxidation were similar for samples having differing As substitution in pyrite, suggesting that environmental conditions outweigh the composition and amount of pyrite as factors influencing the oxidation rate of Fe sulfides in coal.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kolker, A., and Huggins, F.E., 2007, Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 4, p. 778-787, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"778","endPage":"787","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213098,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ee7e4b0c8380cd7f472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huggins, Frank E.","contributorId":81273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggins","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030158,"text":"70030158 - 2007 - Identifying fecal sources in a selected catchment reach using multiple source-tracking tools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70030158","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying fecal sources in a selected catchment reach using multiple source-tracking tools","docAbstract":"Given known limitations of current microbial source-tracking (MST) tools, emphasis on small, simple study areas may enhance interpretations of fecal contamination sources in streams. In this study, three MST tools - Escherichia coli repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR), coliphage typing, and Bacteroidales 16S rDNA host-associated markers - were evaluated in a selected reach of Plum Creek in sooth-central Nebraska. Water-quality samples were collected from six sites. One reach was selected for MST evaluation based on observed patterns of E. coli contamination. Despite high E. coli concentrations, coliphages were detected only once among water samples, precluding their use as a MST tool in this setting. Rep-PCR classification of E. coli isolates from both water and sediment samples supported the hypothesis that cattle and wildlife were dominant sources of fecal contamination, with minor contributions by horses and humans. Conversely, neither ruminant nor human sources were detected by Bacteroidales markers in most water samples. In bed sediment, ruminant- and human-associated Bacteroidales markers were detected throughout the interval from 0 to 0.3 m, with detections independent of E. coli concentrations in the sediment. Although results by E. coli-based and Bacteroidales-based MST methods led to similar interpretations, detection of Bacteroidales markers in sediment more commonly than in water indicates that different tools to track fecal contamination (in this case, tools based on Bacteroidales DNA and E. coli isolates) may have varying relevance to the more specific goal of tracking the sources of E. coli in watersheds. This is the first report of simultaneous, toolbox approach application of a library-based and marker-based MST analyses to lowing surface water. ?? ASA, CSSA, SSSA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0246","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Vogel, J.R., Stoeckel, D.M., Lamendella, R., Zelt, R.B., Santo, D.J., Walker, S., and Oerther, D., 2007, Identifying fecal sources in a selected catchment reach using multiple source-tracking tools: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 36, no. 3, p. 718-729, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0246.","startPage":"718","endPage":"729","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213079,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0246"},{"id":240666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a384ce4b0c8380cd61505","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogel, J. R.","contributorId":21639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoeckel, D. M.","contributorId":84855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamendella, R.","contributorId":15833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamendella","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zelt, R. B.","contributorId":34913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Santo, Domingo J.W.","contributorId":40022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santo","given":"Domingo","email":"","middleInitial":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walker, S.R.","contributorId":8679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Oerther, D.B.","contributorId":93702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oerther","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70029908,"text":"70029908 - 2007 - Arsenic incorporation into authigenic pyrite, Bengal Basin sediment, Bangladesh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-09T11:24:51.739136","indexId":"70029908","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic incorporation into authigenic pyrite, Bengal Basin sediment, Bangladesh","docAbstract":"Sediment from two deep boreholes (∼400 m) approximately 90 km apart in southern Bangladesh was analyzed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), total chemical analyses, chemical extractions, and electron probe microanalysis to establish the importance of authigenic pyrite as a sink for arsenic in the Bengal Basin. Authigenic framboidal and massive pyrite (median values 1500 and 3200 ppm As, respectively), is the principal arsenic residence in sediment from both boreholes. Although pyrite is dominant, ferric oxyhydroxides and secondary iron phases contain a large fraction of the sediment-bound arsenic between approximately 20 and 100 m, which is the depth range of wells containing the greatest amount of dissolved arsenic. The lack of pyrite in this interval is attributed to rapid sediment deposition and a low sulfur flux from riverine and atmospheric sources. The ability of deeper aquifers (>150 m) to produce ground water with low dissolved arsenic in southern Bangladesh reflects adequate sulfur supplies and sufficient time to redistribute the arsenic into pyrite during diagenesis.
In northern peatlands, subsurface ice formation is an important process that can control heat transport, groundwater flow, and biological activity. Temperature was measured over one and a half years in a vertical profile in the Red Lake Bog, Minnesota. To successfully simulate the transport of heat within the peat profile, the U.S. Geological Survey's SUTRA computer code was modified. The modified code simulates fully saturated, coupled porewater-energy transport, with freezing and melting porewater, and includes proportional heat capacity and thermal conductivity of water and ice, decreasing matrix permeability due to ice formation, and latent heat. The model is verified by correctly simulating the Lunardini analytical solution for ice formation in a porous medium with a mixed ice-water zone. The modified SUTRA model correctly simulates the temperature and ice distributions in the peat bog. Two possible benchmark problems for groundwater and energy transport with ice formation and melting are proposed that may be used by other researchers for code comparison.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Water Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2006.08.008","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"McKenzie, J., Voss, C.I., and Siegel, D.I., 2007, Groundwater flow with energy transport and water-ice phase change: Numerical simulations, benchmarks, and application to freezing in peat bogs: Advances in Water Resources, v. 30, no. 4, p. 966-983, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2006.08.008.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"966","endPage":"983","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212730,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2006.08.008"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Red Lake Bog","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2da2e4b0c8380cd5bf70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenzie, J.M.","contributorId":75759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029943,"text":"70029943 - 2007 - Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029943","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","docAbstract":"Human use of pharmaceuticals results in the excretion and disposal of compounds that become part of municipal and domestic waste streams. On-site waste water disposal and leaking city sewer systems can provide avenues for the migration of effluent to the underlying aquifers. This research assessed the occurrence and persistence of 22 target pharmaceuticals in septic tank effluent and two shallow, coarse-grained aquifers in western Montana. Twelve compounds (acetaminophen, caffeine, codeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, erythromycin-18, nicotine, paraxanthine, ranitidine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and warfarin) were detected in a high school septic tank effluent. Three of the 12 compounds, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and nicotine, were detected in the underlying sand and gravel aquifer after effluent percolation through a 2.0-m thick sand vadose zone. Sampling of a second sand, gravel, and cobble dominated unconfined aquifer, partially overlain by septic systems and a city sewer system, revealed the presence of caffeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, nicotine, and trimethoprim. The presence of carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole in these aquifers appears to correlate with local usage based on a reported monthly prescription volume. This work highlights the need for expanding geochemical investigations of sewage waste impacted ground water systems to include sampling for selected pharmaceuticals. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Godfrey, E., Woessner, W., and Benotti, M., 2007, Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 3, p. 263-271, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x.","startPage":"263","endPage":"271","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x"},{"id":240394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a786ee4b0c8380cd786c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godfrey, E.","contributorId":9865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godfrey","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woessner, W.W.","contributorId":76945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woessner","given":"W.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benotti, M.J.","contributorId":21750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benotti","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029942,"text":"70029942 - 2007 - Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T12:31:09","indexId":"70029942","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","docAbstract":"Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of sI methane hydrate were measured as functions of temperature and pressure using a needle probe technique. The temperature dependence was measured between −20°C and 17°C at 31.5 MPa. The pressure dependence was measured between 31.5 and 102 MPa at 14.4°C. Only weak temperature and pressure dependencies were observed. Methane hydrate thermal conductivity differs from that of water by less than 10 per cent, too little to provide a sensitive measure of hydrate content in water-saturated systems. Thermal diffusivity of methane hydrate is more than twice that of water, however, and its specific heat is about half that of water. Thus, when drilling into or through hydrate-rich sediment, heat from the borehole can raise the formation temperature more than 20 per cent faster than if the formation's pore space contains only water. Thermal properties of methane hydrate should be considered in safety and economic assessments of hydrate-bearing sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Stern, L., Kirby, S.H., Winters, W., and Mason, D., 2007, Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate: Geophysical Journal International, v. 169, no. 2, p. 767-774, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"774","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03382.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90d2e4b08c986b31968b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, W.F.","contributorId":40329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, L.A.","contributorId":38293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mason, D.H.","contributorId":93952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029939,"text":"70029939 - 2007 - Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029939","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal","docAbstract":"The 4-year drawdown of Horsetooth Reservoir, Colorado, for dam maintenance, provides a case study analog of vegetation response on sediment that might be exposed from removal of a tall dam. Early vegetation recovery on the exposed reservoir bottom was a combination of (1) vegetation colonization on bare, moist substrates typical of riparian zones and reservoir sediment of shallow dams and (2) a shift in moisture status from mesic to the xeric conditions associated with the pre-impoundment upland position of most of the drawdown zone. Plant communities changed rapidly during the first four years of exposure, but were still substantially different from the background upland plant community. Predictions from the recruitment box model about the locations of Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera (plains cottonwood) seedlings relative to the water surface were qualitatively confirmed with respect to optimum locations. However, the extreme vertical range of water surface elevations produced cottonwood seed regeneration well outside the predicted limits of drawdown rate and height above late summer stage. The establishment and survival of cottonwood at high elevations and the differences between the upland plant community and the community that had developed after four years of exposure suggest that vegetation recovery following tall dam removal will follow a trajectory very different from a simple reversal of the response to dam construction, involving not only long time scales of establishment and growth of upland vegetation, but also possibly decades of persistence of legacy vegetation established during the reservoir to upland transition. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Auble, G., Shafroth, P., Scott, M.L., and Roelle, J.E., 2007, Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal: Environmental Management, v. 39, no. 6, p. 806-818, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z.","startPage":"806","endPage":"818","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477135,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212783,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z"},{"id":240321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0492e4b0c8380cd50a76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auble, G.T.","contributorId":19505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shafroth, P.B.","contributorId":65041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, M. 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Microbial demethylation of the N-methyl component of cotinine and its metabolic precursor, nicotine, also was observed in these sediments. These findings indicate that stream sediment microorganisms are able to substantially alter the chemical structure and thus the analytical signatures of these candidate waste indicator compounds. The potential for in situ biotransformation must be considered if these compounds are employed as markers to identify the sources and track the fate of wastewater compounds in surface-water systems.
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0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030133,"text":"70030133 - 2007 - Pressure calibrants in the hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70030133","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pressure calibrants in the hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell","docAbstract":"Based on the equation of state of water (EOSW), experimental pressure in the hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell (HDAC) using pure water or dilute aqueous solutions as a pressure medium can be accurately determined at each measured temperature. Consequently, meaningful interpretations can be obtained for observations in the HDAC, which has been widely accepted as a versatile, modern apparatus for hydrothermal experiments. However, this is not true when other pressure media were used because there is no reliable way to determine experimental pressure other than the use of in situ pressure sensors. Most of the available pressure sensors are difficult to apply because they either require expensive facilities to perform the measurements or are unable to provide the accuracy needed for the interpretation of hydrothermal experiments. The only exception is to use the interferometric method to detect the ??-?? quartz transition, although such applications are limited to temperatures above 573??C. In this study, three pressure calibrants were calibrated for applications at lower temperatures, and they were based on visual observation of the ferroelastic phase transitions in BaTiO3 (tetragonal/cubic), Pb3(PO4)2 (monoclinic/trigonal), and PbTiO3 (tetragonal/cubic). For the phase transitions in BaTiO3 and Pb3(PO4)2, the temperature at which twinning disappears during heating was taken as the transition temperature (Ttr); the phase transition pressures (Ptr) can be calculated, respectively, from Ptr (MPa; ??3%) = 0.17 - 21.25 [(Ttr) - 115.3], and Ptr (MPa; ??2%) = 1.00 - 10.62 [(Ttr) - 180.2], where Ttr is in ??C. For the phase transition in PbTiO3, the temperature at which the movement of phase front begins (or ends) on heating (or cooling) was taken as the transition temperature (Ttr,h or Ttr,c), and the phase transition pressures on heating (Ptr,h) and cooling (Ptr,c) can be calculated from Ptr,h (MPa; ??4%) = 7021.7 - 14.235 (Ttr,h), and Ptr,c (MPa; ??4%) = 6831.3 - 14.001 (Ttr,c). Phase transitions for these three pressure calibrants are easy to detect visually, and their P-T phase boundaries have negative slopes and intersect isochors of most of the geologic fluids at high angles and, therefore, are easy to apply. Copyright ?? 2007 by V. H. Winston & Son, Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Geology Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2747/0020-6814.49.4.289","issn":"00206814","usgsCitation":"Chou, I., 2007, Pressure calibrants in the hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell: International Geology Review, v. 49, no. 4, p. 289-300, https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.49.4.289.","startPage":"289","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212702,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.49.4.289"},{"id":240228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b59e4b0c8380cd7e210","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70030053,"text":"70030053 - 2007 - Radium-226 accumulation in Florida freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T21:32:19","indexId":"70030053","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radium-226 accumulation in Florida freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"Selected lakes in Hillsborough County, Florida have been hydrologically augmented with groundwater to offset stage declines caused by excessive pumping of the Floridan Aquifer. Augmentation water can be relatively rich in 226Ra (>5 decays per minute [dpm] L-1). We measured 226Ra activities in shells and soft tissues of adult bivalve molluscs (Elliptio cf. buckleyi) from groundwater-augmented and nonaugmented lakes to assess bioaccumulation of 226Ra by mussels. Mussels from augmented lakes displayed higher 226Ra in both shells and tissues than did mussels from nonaugmented lakes. Within a sample, 226Ra activity in Elliptio tissues was higher than the value measured in shells. Highest activities were found in a composite mussel sample (n = 6) from an augmented lake; soft tissue activity was 619 ?? 33 dpm g-1 dry weight and shell activity was 147 ?? 7 dpm g-1 g dry weight. Large mussels displayed greater activities in soft tissues and shells than did small mussels. We transplanted animals from a nonaugmented lake into a groundwater-augmented water body. 226Ra activity in dry tissue rose from 32 ?? 1 to 196 ?? 2 dpm g-1 within 2 months. When 226Ra-rich mussels (232 ?? 2 dpm g-1) from the augmented lake were transferred to the nonaugmented lake, they showed no significant 226Ra loss over the 69-d experiment. Large Elliptio mussels concentrated 226Ra in their soft tissues to levels about 1,000 to 25,000 times concentrations in lake water. Pumping of groundwater in Florida for residential, agricultural, and industrial use contributes dissolved 226Ra to some surface water bodies, where it can be bioaccumulated by bivalve molluscs. ?? 2007, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4319/lo.2007.52.4.1614","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Brenner, M., Smoak, J., Leeper, D., Streubert, M., and Baker, S., 2007, Radium-226 accumulation in Florida freshwater mussels: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 52, no. 4, p. 1614-1623, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.4.1614.","startPage":"1614","endPage":"1623","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477024,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.4.1614","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265985,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.4.1614"}],"volume":"52","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9430e4b0c8380cd81257","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenner, M.","contributorId":47984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smoak, J.M.","contributorId":40384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoak","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leeper, D.A.","contributorId":30044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeper","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Streubert, M.","contributorId":79305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Streubert","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baker, S.M.","contributorId":106319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029930,"text":"70029930 - 2007 - Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029930","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","docAbstract":"The classification of fish species tolerance to environmental disturbance is often used as a means to assess ecosystem conditions. Its use, however, may be problematic because the approach to tolerance classification is based on subjective judgment. We analyzed fish and physicochemical data from 773 stream sites collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program to calculate tolerance indicator values for 10 physicochemical variables using weighted averaging. Tolerance indicator values (TIVs) for ammonia, chloride, dissolved oxygen, nitrite plus nitrate, pH, phosphorus, specific conductance, sulfate, suspended sediment, and water temperature were calculated for 105 common fish species of the United States. Tolerance indicator values for specific conductance and sulfate were correlated (rho = 0.87), and thus, fish species may be co-tolerant to these water-quality variables. We integrated TIVs for each species into an overall tolerance classification for comparisons with judgment-based tolerance classifications. Principal components analysis indicated that the distinction between tolerant and intolerant classifications was determined largely by tolerance to suspended sediment, specific conductance, chloride, and total phosphorus. Factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH may not be as important in distinguishing between tolerant and intolerant classifications, but may help to segregate species classified as moderate. Empirically derived tolerance classifications were 58.8% in agreement with judgment-derived tolerance classifications. Canonical discriminant analysis revealed that few TIVs, primarily chloride, could discriminate among judgment-derived tolerance classifications of tolerant, moderate, and intolerant. To our knowledge, this is the first empirically based understanding of fish species tolerance for stream fishes in the United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Meador, M.R., and Carlisle, D., 2007, Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States: Ecological Indicators, v. 7, no. 2, p. 329-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004.","startPage":"329","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004"},{"id":240182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91efe4b0c8380cd80559","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029907,"text":"70029907 - 2007 - Temperature and diet effects on omnivorous fish performance: Implications for the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029907","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature and diet effects on omnivorous fish performance: Implications for the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes","docAbstract":"Herbivorous fishes show a clear latitudinal diversity gradient, making up a larger proportion of the fish species in a community in tropical waters than in temperate waters. One proposed mechanism that could drive this gradient is a physiological constraint due to temperature. One prediction based on this mechanism is that if herbivorous fishes could shift their diet to animal material, they would be better able to grow, survive, and reproduce in cold waters. We tested this prediction on the omnivore Girella nigricans under different temperature and diet regimes using RNA-DNA ratios as an indicator of performance. Fish had increased performance (100%) at low temperatures (12??C) when their diet was supplemented with animal material. In contrast, at higher temperatures (17, 22, and 27??C) fish showed no differences between diets. This indicates that omnivorous fishes could increase their performance at low temperatures by consuming more animal matter. This study supports the hypothesis that a relative increase in the nutritional value of plant material at warmer temperatures could drive the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes. ?? 2007 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F07-063","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Behrens, M., and Lafferty, K.D., 2007, Temperature and diet effects on omnivorous fish performance: Implications for the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 64, no. 6, p. 867-873, https://doi.org/10.1139/F07-063.","startPage":"867","endPage":"873","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212811,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F07-063"}],"volume":"64","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4b8e4b08c986b32052a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behrens, M.D.","contributorId":66890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrens","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, K. D.","contributorId":58213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029906,"text":"70029906 - 2007 - Relative influence of streamflows in assessing temporal variability in stream habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029906","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative influence of streamflows in assessing temporal variability in stream habitat","docAbstract":"The effects of streamflows on temporal variation in stream habitat were analyzed from the data collected 6-11 years apart at 38 sites across the United States. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the variation in habitat caused by streamflow at the time of sampling and high flows between sampling. In addition to flow variables, the model also contained geomorphic and land use factors. The regression model was statistically significant (p < 0.05; R 2 = 0.31-0.46) for 5 of 14 habitat variables: mean wetted stream depth, mean bankfull depth, mean wetted stream width, coefficient of variation of wetted stream width, and the percent frequency of bank erosion. High flows between samples accounted for about 16% of the total variation in the frequency of bank erosion. Streamflow at the time of sampling was the main source of variation in mean stream depth and contributed to the variation in mean stream width and the frequency of bank erosion. Urban land use (population change) accounted for over 20% of the total variation in mean bankfull depth, 15% of the total variation in the coefficient of variation of stream width, and about 10% of the variation in mean stream width. ?? 2007 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00051.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, R.M., Meador, M.R., and Ruhl, K., 2007, Relative influence of streamflows in assessing temporal variability in stream habitat: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 3, p. 642-650, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00051.x.","startPage":"642","endPage":"650","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212810,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00051.x"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa68ce4b0c8380cd84ef6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, R. M.","contributorId":98305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruhl, K.E.","contributorId":92869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029899,"text":"70029899 - 2007 - A post-Calumet shoreline along southern Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029899","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A post-Calumet shoreline along southern Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"The southern shore of Lake Michigan is the type area for many of ancestral Lake Michigan's late Pleistocene lake phases, but coastal deposits and features of the Algonquin phase of northern Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, and Lake Superior are not recognized in the area. Isostatic rebound models suggest that Algonquin phase deposits should be 100 m or more below modern lake level. A relict shoreline, however, exists along the lakeward margin of the Calumet Beach that was erosional west of Deep River and depositional east of the river. For this post-Calumet shoreline, the elevation of basal foreshore deposits east of Deep River and the base of the scarp west of Deep River indicate a slightly westward dipping water plane that is centered at ???184 m above mean sea level. Basal foreshore elevations also indicate that lake level fell ???2 m during the development of the shoreline. The pooled mean of radiocarbon dates from the surface of the peat below post-Calumet shoreline foreshore deposits indicate that the lake transgressed over the peat at 10,560 ?? 70 years B.P. Pollen assemblages from the peat are consistent with this age. The elevation and age of the post-Calumet shoreline are similar to the Main Algonquin phase of Lake Huron. Recent isostatic rebound models do not adequately address a high-elevation Algonquin-age shoreline along the southern shore of Lake Michigan, but the Goldthwait (1908) hinge-line model does. ?? 2006 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleolimnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10933-006-9046-1","issn":"09212728","usgsCitation":"Capps, D., Thompson, T., and Booth, R., 2007, A post-Calumet shoreline along southern Lake Michigan: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 37, no. 3, p. 395-409, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-006-9046-1.","startPage":"395","endPage":"409","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212720,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-006-9046-1"},{"id":240248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4e5e4b0c8380cd469e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Capps, D.K.","contributorId":62833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capps","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, T.A.","contributorId":73226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Booth, R.K.","contributorId":47122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029837,"text":"70029837 - 2007 - Geoelectrical evidence of bicontinuum transport in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-18T06:43:32","indexId":"70029837","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geoelectrical evidence of bicontinuum transport in groundwater","docAbstract":"Bicontinuum models and rate-limited mass transfer (RLMT) explain complex transport behavior (e.g., long tailing and rebound) in heterogeneous geologic media, but experimental verification is problematic because geochemical samples represent the mobile component of the pore space. Here, we present geophysical evidence of RLMT at the field scale during an aquifer-storage and recovery experiment in a fractured limestone aquifer in Charleston, South Carolina. We observe a hysteretic relation between measurements of porefluid conductivity and bulk electrical conductivity; this hysteresis contradicts advective-dispersive transport and the standard petrophysical model relating pore-fluid and bulk conductivity, but can be explained by considering bicontinuum transport models that include first-order RLMT. Using a simple numerical model, we demonstrate that geoelectrical measurements are sensitive to bicontinuum transport and RLMT parameters, which are otherwise difficult to infer from direct, hydrologic measurements.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007GL030019","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Singha, K., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Lane, J.W., 2007, Geoelectrical evidence of bicontinuum transport in groundwater: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 34, no. 12, L12401, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030019.","productDescription":"L12401, 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Charleston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.29632568359375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -79.5794677734375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -79.5794677734375,\n 33.13065128220441\n ],\n [\n -80.29632568359375,\n 33.13065128220441\n ],\n [\n -80.29632568359375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1744e4b0c8380cd5545f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singha, K.","contributorId":51431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singha","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":424537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}