Selective harvest criteria, such as antler point restrictions (APRs), have been used to regulate harvest of male ungulates; however, comprehensive evaluation of the biological and social responses to this management strategy is lacking. In 2002, Pennsylvania adopted new APRs for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) that required, depending on wildlife management unit, ≥3 or ≥4 points on 1 antler for legal harvest. Historically, harvest rates of subadult (1.5 yr old) and adult (≥2.5 yr old) antlered males averaged 0.80. Antler point restrictions were designed to protect ≥50% of subadult males from harvest. Most adult males remained legal for harvest. We estimated harvest rates, survival rates, and cause-specific mortality of radio-collared male deer (453 subadults, 103 adults) in 2 wildlife management units (Armstrong and Centre counties) to evaluate biological efficacy of APRs to increase recruitment of adult males during 2002–2005. We administered statewide deer hunter surveys before and after each hunting season over the same 3 years to evaluate hunter attitudes toward APRs. We conducted 2 types of surveys: a simple random sample of all license buyers for each survey and a longitudinal panel of hunters who completed all 6 surveys. At the same time APRs were implemented, the Pennsylvania Game Commission (PGC) increased antlerless harvests to reduce deer density to meet deer management goals.
Survival rates varied by month and age but not between study areas or among years after implementation of APRs. Monthly survival rates for subadults ranged from 0.64 to 0.97 during hunting seasons and 0.95 to 0.99 during the non-hunting period. Annual survival of subadults was 0.46 (95% CI = 0.41–0.52). Adult monthly survival rates ranged from 0.36 to 0.95 during hunting seasons and we had no mortalities during the non-hunting period. Annual survival of adults was 0.28 (95% CI = 0.22–0.35). Antler point restrictions successfully reduced harvest rate for subadults to 0.31 (95% CI = 0.23–0.38), and approximately 92% of these deer survived to the following hunting season. Vehicle collisions were the greatest source of mortality outside the hunting season for subadults and adults. Also, we observed decreased harvest rates for adults (0.59, 95% CI = 0.40–0.72), although nearly all were legal for harvest. Of radio-collared subadults, 6–11% were harvested with sub-legal antlers, indicating hunters generally complied with APRs. Overall, antlered harvest declined statewide and in our study areas, in part because of APRs but also because of increased antlerless harvests that reduced the statewide population from 1.49 million deer in 2000 to 1.14 million deer in 2005. However, between 2000 and 2005, harvest of adult males increased by 976 (112%) in Armstrong County, decreased by 29 (−3%) in Centre County, and increased by 14,285 (29%) statewide because more males survived to the 3- and 4-year-old age classes.
Proportion of hunters from the random sample surveys who supported statewide APRs varied among years between 0.61 (95% CI = 0.59–0.64) and 0.70 (95% CI = 0.66–0.73). The proportion of hunters from the longitudinal panel who supported APRs did not increase as hunters gained experience under the new regulations; 0.23 were more supportive, 0.29 were less supportive, and 0.48 were unchanged in their level of agreement after 3 years. Although >50% of hunters supported APRs throughout the study, support for the PGC's deer management program declined; 41% of the longitudinal panel of hunters rated the deer management program lower after 3 years and 21% rated it higher.
We considered APRs biologically successful because of decreased subadult harvest rates and increased harvest of adult males with larger antlers. Likewise, because the majority of hunters supported APRs throughout the study, we considered APRs socially successful. However, we predicted APRs would become increasingly popular after hunters experienced biological results of APRs, but there was little change in support. We believe hunters formed an initial impression of the effects of APRs, and additional experience and information failed to change their opinion. Furthermore, the concurrent reduction in overall deer densities to accommodate more males in the population and to meet agency deer population goals likely further reduced support for APRs. We found APRs as implemented in Pennsylvania to be enforceable, adhered to by hunters, and successful in recruiting more antlered males to older age classes. To facilitate social acceptance of these regulation changes, we found that obtaining support before the changes were implemented may have been important because most hunters did not change their opinions about APRs after 3 years of experience with the new regulations.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wmon.1022","usgsCitation":"Wallingford, B.D., Diefenbach, D.R., Long, E.S., Rosenberry, C.S., and Alt, G., 2017, Biological and social outcomes of antler point restriction harvest regulations for white-tailed deer: Wildlife Monographs, v. 196, p. 1-26, https://doi.org/10.1002/wmon.1022.","productDescription":"26 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","ipdsId":"IP-066689","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wmon.1022","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Armstrong County, Centre 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Structures are intended to aggrade incised stream channels, yet little quantified evidence of efficacy is available. The goal of this 3-year study was to characterize the geomorphic impacts of rock-detention structures used as a restoration strategy and develop a methodology to predict the associated changes. We studied reaches of two ephemeral streams with different watershed management histories: one where thousands of loose-rock check dams were installed 30 years prior to our study, and one with structures constructed at the beginning of our study. The methods used included runoff, sediment transport, and geomorphic modelling and repeat terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) surveys to map landscape change. Where discharge data were not available, event-based runoff was estimated using KINEROS2, a one-dimensional kinematic-wave runoff and erosion model. Discharge measurements and estimates were used as input to a two-dimensional unsteady flow-and-sedimentation model (Nays2DH) that combined a gridded flow, transport, and bed and bank simulation with geomorphic change. Through comparison of consecutive DEMs, the potential to substitute uncalibrated models to analyze stream restoration is introduced. We demonstrate a new approach to assess hydraulics and associated patterns of aggradation and degradation resulting from the construction of check-dams and other transverse structures. Notably, we find that stream restoration using rock-detention structures is effective across vastly different timescales.
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Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oklahoma experiences largest earthquake during ongoing regional wastewater injection hazard mitigation efforts","docAbstract":"The 3 September 2016, Mw 5.8 Pawnee earthquake was the largest recorded earthquake in the state of Oklahoma. Seismic and geodetic observations of the Pawnee sequence, including precise hypocenter locations and moment tensor modeling, shows that the Pawnee earthquake occurred on a previously unknown left-lateral strike-slip basement fault that intersects the mapped right-lateral Labette fault zone. The Pawnee earthquake is part of an unprecedented increase in the earthquake rate in Oklahoma that is largely considered the result of the deep injection of waste fluids from oil and gas production. If this is, indeed, the case for the M5.8 Pawnee earthquake, then this would be the largest event to have been induced by fluid injection. Since 2015, Oklahoma has undergone wide-scale mitigation efforts primarily aimed at reducing injection volumes. Thus far in 2016, the rate of M3 and greater earthquakes has decreased as compared to 2015, while the cumulative moment—or energy released from earthquakes—has increased. This highlights the difficulty in earthquake hazard mitigation efforts given the poorly understood long-term diffusive effects of wastewater injection and their connection to seismicity.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2016GL071685","usgsCitation":"Yeck, W.L., Hayes, G.P., McNamara, D.E., Rubinstein, J.L., Barnhart, W., Earle, P.S., and Benz, H.M., 2017, Oklahoma experiences largest earthquake during ongoing regional wastewater injection hazard mitigation efforts: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 44, no. 2, p. 711-717, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071685.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"711","endPage":"717","ipdsId":"IP-081977","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7XW4GZT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Oklahoma experiences largest earthquake during ongoing regional wastewater injection hazard mitigation efforts"},{"id":342613,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Pawnee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.13973999023438,\n 36.140092827322654\n ],\n [\n -96.492919921875,\n 36.140092827322654\n ],\n [\n -96.492919921875,\n 36.46326301239126\n ],\n [\n -97.13973999023438,\n 36.46326301239126\n ],\n [\n -97.13973999023438,\n 36.140092827322654\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5944ee16e4b062508e333601","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yeck, William L. 0000-0002-2801-8873 wyeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-8873","contributorId":147558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeck","given":"William","email":"wyeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":147556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rubinstein, Justin L. 0000-0003-1274-6785 jrubinstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":2404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","email":"jrubinstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnhart, William D. 0000-0003-0498-1697","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-1697","contributorId":192730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnhart","given":"William D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Earle, Paul S. 0000-0002-3500-017X pearle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-017X","contributorId":173551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle","given":"Paul","email":"pearle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70198614,"text":"70198614 - 2017 - Geology of Seattle, a field trip","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-13T15:29:30.630202","indexId":"70198614","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-20T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5478,"text":"Geological Society of America Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"seriesNumber":"49","chapter":"1","title":"Geology of Seattle, a field trip","docAbstract":"Seattle’s geologic record begins with Eocene deposition of fluvial arkosic sandstone and associated volcanic rocks of the Puget Group, perhaps during a time of regional strike-slip faulting, followed by late Eocene and Oligocene marine deposition of the Blakeley Formation in the Cascadia forearc. Older Quaternary deposits are locally exposed.
Most of the city is underlain by up to 100 m of glacial drift deposited during the Vashon stade of Fraser glaciation, 18–15 cal k.y. B.P. Vashon Drift includes lacustrine clay and silt of the Lawton Clay, lacustrine and fluvial sand of the Esperance Sand, and concrete-like Vashon till. Mappable till is absent over much of the area of the Vashon Drift. Peak local ice thickness was 900 m. Isostatic response to this brief ice loading was significant. Upon deglaciation, global ice-equivalent sea level was about −100 m and local RSL (relative sea level) was 15–20 m, suggesting a total isostatic depression of ~115–120 m at Seattle. Subsequent rapid rebound outstripped global sea-level rise to result in a newly recognized marine low-stand shoreline at −50 m.
The Seattle fault is a north-verging thrust or reverse fault with ~7.5 km of throw. Conglomeratic Miocene strata may record initiation of shortening. Field relations indicate that fault geometry has evolved through three phases. At present, the north-verging master fault is blind, whereas several surface-rupturing faults above the master fault are south verging. The 900–930 A.D. Restoration Point earthquake raised a 5 km × 35 km (or larger) area as much as 7 m. The marine low-stand shoreline is offset by a similar amount, thus there has been only one such earthquake in the last ~11 k.y.
Geomorphology is largely glacial: an outwash plain decorated with ice-molded flutes and large, anastomosing tunnel valleys carved by water flowing beneath the ice sheet. Euro-Americans initially settled here because of landscape features formed by uplift in the Restoration Point earthquake. But steep slopes and tide flats were not conducive to commerce: starting in the 1890s and ending in the 1920s, extensive regrading removed hills, decreased slopes, and filled low areas.
In steep slopes the glacial stratigraphy is prone to landslides when saturated by unusually wet winters. Seismic hazards comprise moderately large (M 7) earthquakes in the Benioff zone 50 km and more beneath the city, demi-millennial M 9 events on the subduction zone to the west, and infrequent local crustal earthquakes (M 7) that are likely to be devastating because of their proximity. Seismic shaking and consequent liquefaction are of particular concern in Pioneer Square, SoDo, and lower Duwamish neighborhoods, which are largely built on unengineered fill that was placed over estuarine mud. Debris from past Mount Rainier lahars has reached the lower Duwamish valley and a future large lahar could pose a sedimentation hazard.
Topock Marsh is a 1,637-hectare (4,045-acre) wetland adjacent to the Colorado River near Needles, California, and a main feature of Havasu National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, began construction of an infrastructure improvement project in 2010 to increase the efficiency of water use and to help protect the habitats and species found within the Havasu NWR. During construction, normal water delivery from the Colorado River into Topock Marsh through the Inlet Canal was restricted, which resulted in unusually low water elevations in 2011. The U.S. Geological Survey, commissioned by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, undertook the investigation of the water quality and aquatic flora and fauna during the low water conditions. Subsequently, water elevations in the marsh returned to more normal elevations after the new concrete-lined Fire Break Canal became fully operational in January 2012.
The U.S. Geological Survey made 11 field trips to the Havasu NWR between July 2011 and October 2014 to assess the effects of the temporary low water conditions and the change of inflow location (from the Inlet Canal to the Fire Break Canal) on water quality and aquatic habitat. The following conditions were monitored: water quality, sediment and plant chemistry, phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic macro-invertebrates, and emergent and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). Water-quality and biota data collected during 2013–14 were then compared with data collected during the 2011–12 low water period.
Once the new Fire Break Canal became operational and Colorado River water flowed regularly into the marsh, concentrations of several water quality parameters decreased (for example, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, turbidity, chlorophyll a, and total and organic nitrogen), and phytoplankton abundance was reduced at the upstream sampling stations (TP-3, TP-2, and TP-6); the water flow pushed water with higher concentrations of these components downstream (measured at TP-8). The upstream sampling locations in 2013–14 had decreased turbidity, therefore more SAV biomass accumulated, especially in shallow areas with water depths of ≤1.0 meter (≤3.3 feet). However, the furthest downstream station had higher turbidity caused by both the suspension of autochthonous sediment and high phytoplankton density and biovolume. This higher turbidity resulted in minimal SAV growth, especially in the deeper water (>1.0 meter [>3.3 feet]). Emergent vegetation not only survived the low water conditions of 2011, but expanded its areal coverage and subsequently thrived in the higher water elevations.
Overall, no immediate critically negative consequences were detected for aquatic fauna or flora that could be attributd unequivocally to the effect of low water levels. Concentrations of nutrient and trace elements in all water samples were below wildlife toxicity thresholds as established by Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Three nonnative species were discovered shortly after the Fire Break Canal went into operation. Of the three, gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) increased substantially in numbers from 2011–14, but quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) did not increase. Future monitoring will determine the long-term impact of the new flow regime
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161195","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service–Region 2–National Wildlife Refuge System, the Havasu National Wildlife Refuge, and the Desert Landscape Conservation Cooperative","usgsCitation":"Daniels, J.S., and Haegele, J.C., 2017, Assessment of ecosystem response to a temporary water level drawdown and subsequent refilling at Topock Marsh, Arizona—July 2011–October 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1195, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161195.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 92 p.; Appendixes 1-2","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051540","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333180,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2014_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2014 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"116 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2014"},{"id":333171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":333179,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2013_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2013 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"28.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2013"},{"id":333175,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix 1-Reclamation_longterm_WQ_data_1983-2015.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1-Reclamation longterm WQ data 1983-2015","size":"120 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 1"},{"id":333172,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.48 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195"},{"id":333181,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2015_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2015 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"120 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2015"},{"id":333176,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2010-2011-Topock_Marsh_Fish_Surveys_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2010-2011 Topock Marsh Fish Surveys AGFD","size":"20.0 kb","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2010-2011"},{"id":333178,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2012_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2012 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"24.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Topock Marsh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.5625,\n 34.844444\n ],\n [\n -114.5625,\n 34.733333\n ],\n [\n -114.466667,\n 34.733333\n ],\n [\n -114.466667,\n 34.844444\n ],\n [\n -114.5625,\n 34.844444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, USGS Fort Collins Science Center
2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. C
Fort Collins, CO 80526-8118
An improved understanding of groundwater flow and radionuclide migration downgradient from underground nuclear-testing areas at Pahute Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, requires accurate subsurface hydraulic characterization. To improve conceptual models of flow and transport in the complex hydrogeologic system beneath Pahute Mesa, the U.S. Geological Survey characterized bulk hydraulic properties of volcanic rocks using an integrated analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests. Single-well aquifer-test analyses provided transmissivity estimates at pumped wells. Transmissivity estimates ranged from less than 1 to about 100,000 square feet per day in Pahute Mesa and the vicinity. Drawdown from multiple-well aquifer testing was estimated and distinguished from natural fluctuations in more than 200 pumping and observation wells using analytical water-level models. Drawdown was detected at distances greater than 3 miles from pumping wells and propagated across hydrostratigraphic units and major structures, indicating that neither faults nor structural blocks noticeably impede or divert groundwater flow in the study area.
Consistent hydraulic properties were estimated by simultaneously interpreting drawdown from the 16 multiple-well aquifer tests with an integrated groundwater-flow model composed of 11 well-site models—1 for each aquifer test site. Hydraulic properties were distributed across volcanic rocks with the Phase II Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley Hydrostratigraphic Framework Model. Estimated hydraulic-conductivity distributions spanned more than two orders of magnitude in hydrostratigraphic units. Overlapping hydraulic conductivity ranges among units indicated that most Phase II Hydrostratigraphic Framework Model units were not hydraulically distinct. Simulated total transmissivity ranged from 1,600 to 68,000 square feet per day for all pumping wells analyzed. High-transmissivity zones exceeding 10,000 square feet per day exist near caldera margins and extend along the northern and eastern Pahute Mesa study area and near the southwestern edge of the study area. The estimated hydraulic-property distributions and observed hydraulic connections among geologic structures improved the characterization and representation of groundwater flow at Pahute Mesa.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165151","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, Office of Environmental Management under Interagency Agreement, DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Garcia, C.A., Jackson, T.R., Halford, K.J., Sweetkind, D.S., Damar, N.A., Fenelon, J.M., and Reiner, S.R., 2017, Hydraulic characterization of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa using an Integrated Analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests, Nevada National Security Site, 2009–14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5151, 62 p.,\nhttps://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165151.","productDescription":"Report: x, 61 p.; Appendixes 1-3; Data Releases; Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-069140","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333002,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151_readme.pdf","text":"Appendix readme","size":"415 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":333000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333003,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151_appendixes.zip","text":"Appendixes 1-3","size":"28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":333001,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5151 report PDF"},{"id":333140,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4FJQ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release ","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-2005 and PEST models used to simulate multiple-well aquifer tests and characterize hydraulic properties of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa, Nevada"},{"id":333141,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Z60M6H","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release ","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data from: Hydraulic characterization of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa using an integrated analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests, Nevada National Security Site, 2009–14"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Nevada National Security Site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.633333,\n 37.283333\n ],\n [\n -116.633333,\n 36.966667\n ],\n [\n -116.45,\n 36.966667\n ],\n [\n -116.45,\n 37.283333\n ],\n [\n -116.633333,\n 37.283333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/
Petroleum production data are usually stored in a format that makes it easy to determine the year and month production started, if there are any breaks, and when production ends. However, in some cases, you may want to compare production runs where the start of production for all wells starts at month one regardless of the year the wells started producing. This report describes the JAVA program the U.S. Geological Survey developed to examine water-to-oil and water-to-gas ratios in the form of month 1, month 2, and so on with the objective of estimating quantities of water and proppant used in low-permeability petroleum production. The text covers the data used by the program, the challenges with production data, the program logic for checking the quality of the production data, and the program logic for checking the completeness of the data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161204","usgsCitation":"Varela, B.A., Haines, S.S., and Gianoutsos, N.J., 2017, Data cleaning methodology for monthly water-to-oil and water-to-gas production ratios in continuous resource assessments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1204, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161204.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 11 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-069302","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333339,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1204/ofr20161204.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1204"},{"id":333343,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TD9VG7","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"OFR 2016-1204 USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":" Data cleaning methodology source code—Creating water-to-oil and water-to-gas ratios in sequence from start of production using the IHS PIDM database"},{"id":333337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1204/coverthb2.jpg"}],"contact":"Center Director, USGS Central Energy Resources Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 939
Denver, CO 80225
Since the original publication of the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system (DVRFS) numerical model in 2004, more information on the regional groundwater flow system in the form of new data and interpretations has been compiled. Cooperators such as the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Department of Energy, and Nye County, Nevada, recognized a need to update the existing regional numerical model to maintain its viability as a groundwater management tool for regional stakeholders. The existing DVRFS numerical flow model was converted to MODFLOW-2005, updated with the latest available data, and recalibrated. Five main data sets were revised: (1) recharge from precipitation varying in time and space, (2) pumping data, (3) water-level observations, (4) an updated regional potentiometric map, and (5) a revision to the digital hydrogeologic framework model.
The resulting DVRFS version 2.0 (v. 2.0) numerical flow model simulates groundwater flow conditions for the Death Valley region from 1913 to 2003 to correspond to the time frame for the most recently published (2008) water-use data. The DVRFS v 2.0 model was calibrated by using the Tikhonov regularization functionality in the parameter estimation and predictive uncertainty software PEST. In order to assess the accuracy of the numerical flow model in simulating regional flow, the fit of simulated to target values (consisting of hydraulic heads and flows, including evapotranspiration and spring discharge, flow across the model boundary, and interbasin flow; the regional water budget; values of parameter estimates; and sensitivities) was evaluated. This evaluation showed that DVRFS v. 2.0 simulates conditions similar to DVRFS v. 1.0. Comparisons of the target values with simulated values also indicate that they match reasonably well and in some cases (boundary flows and discharge) significantly better than in DVRFS v. 1.0.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration (Interagency Agreement DE–AI52–01NV13944), and Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (Interagency Agreement DE–AI28–02RW12167), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Nye County, Nevada","usgsCitation":"Belcher, W.R., Sweetkind, D.S., Faunt, C.C., Pavelko, M.T., and Hill, M.C., 2017, An update of the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system transient model, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5150, 74 p., 1 pl. https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165150","productDescription":"Report: x, 74 p.; Plate: 18 x 26 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045053","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5150/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333414,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5150/sir20165150.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5150 Report PDF"},{"id":333415,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5150/sir20165150_plate.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"5.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5150 Plate 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley regional groundwater flow system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is implementing a landscape approach to resource management (hereafter, landscape approach) to more effectively work with partners and understand the effects of management decisions. A landscape approach is a set of concepts and principles used to guide resource management when multiple stakeholders are involved and goals include diverse and sustainable social, environmental, and economic outcomes. Core principles of a landscape approach include seeking meaningful participation of diverse stakeholders, considering diverse resource values in multifunctional landscapes, acknowledging the tradeoffs needed to meet diverse objectives in the context of sustainable resource management, and addressing the complexity of social and ecological processes by embracing interdisciplinarity and considering multiple and broad spatial and temporal perspectives.
In chapter 1, we outline the overall goal of this report: to provide a conceptual foundation and framework for implementing a landscape approach to resource management in the BLM, focusing on the role of multiscale natural resource monitoring and assessment information. In chapter 2, we describe a landscape approach to resource management. BLM actions taken to implement a landscape approach include a major effort to compile broad-scale data on natural resource status and condition across much of the west. These broadscale data now provide a regional context for interpreting monitoring data collected at individual sites and informing decisions made for local projects. We also illustrate the utility of using multiscale data to understand potential effects of different resource management decisions, define relevant terms in landscape ecology, and identify spatial scales at which planning and management decisions may be evaluated.
In chapter 3, we describe how the BLM Rapid Ecoregional Assessment program and Assessment, Inventory and Monitoring program may be integrated to provide the multiscale monitoring data needed to inform a landscape approach. We propose six core, broad-scale indicators of natural resource status and condition: the amount, spatial distribution, patch size and connectivity of ecosystems and wildlife habitats, and the pattern of existing development across the landscape. Additional supplemental broad-scale indicators may include fire return intervals, distributions of invasive species, and vulnerability of ecosystems to a changing climate. Landscape intactness is an additional derived indicator that is calculated from one or more of the core and supplemental broad-scale indicators. We then outline a process for assessing broad-scale indicators that is consistent with the overall BLM Assessment, Inventory, and Monitoring process, facilitating development of a multiscale natural resource monitoring program. Finally, we describe how broad-scale indicators of natural resource status and condition may guide field monitoring implemented through the BLM Assessment, Inventory and Monitoring program and help address complex management questions.
In chapter 4, we consider the specific question of assessing the ecological integrity of rangelands across the western United States. We first define ecological integrity and its relation to land health. We then suggest that a combination of six local-scale indicators collected through field sampling at individual sites and five complementary broad-scale indicators together provide information on the composition, structure, and function of rangelands. The terrestrial monitoring indicators collected at the level of individual field sites are the amount of bare ground, vegetation composition (including invasive plants and plants of management concern), vegetation height, and the proportion of the soil surface in large intercanopy gaps. The broad-scale indicators are vegetation amount, distribution, patch size, connectivity, and productivity, along with the pattern of terrestrial development. Our suggested approach to quantifying ecological integrity focuses specifically on informing management of public lands for multiple resource uses, and illustrates how existing data collected through BLM monitoring and assessment programs may be used together to provide multiscale information on land condition across broad extents.
In chapter 5, we develop a method for quantifying landscape intactness and apply this method to the western United States. Our multiscale index of landscape intactness is designed to be defensible, decomposable, and easy to understand. The foundation of the multiscale index of landscape intactness is the surface disturbance footprint of anthropogenic development, including energy and urban development, roads and railroads, cultivated croplands, surface mines and quarries, and energy transmission lines and pipelines. The index represents a gradient of anthropogenic influence as represented by development summarized at two spatial scales of analysis: 2.5 and 20 kilometers. We provide several example applications of the index, illustrating how these data may inform natural resource decisions at the spatial extent of BLM field and district offices, states, ecoregions, and the western United States. We find that 19.2 percent of lands managed by the BLM across the 17 western states of the conterminous United States had the highest landscape intactness. The largest intact areas occur on public lands at high elevations or in the Great Basin.
We believe the frameworks, processes, and analyses provided in this report will improve the ability of the BLM to identify and evaluate potential direct and indirect effects of management actions (such as habitat restoration and renewable energy development), and assist the BLM in further implementing a landscape approach to resource management.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161207","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Carter, S.K., Carr, N.B., Miller, K.H., and Wood, D.J.A., eds., 2017, Multiscale guidance and tools for implementing a landscape approach to resource management in the Bureau of Land Management: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1207, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161207.","productDescription":"ix, 79 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067654","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438449,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93ZU0R9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Terrestrial Development Index for the Western United States: 1-kilometer moving window"},{"id":438448,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75H7DCW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"A Multiscale Index of Landscape Intactness for the Western U.S."},{"id":333376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1207/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333377,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1207/ofr20161207.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.54 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1207"},{"id":345199,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/57d8779de4b090824ff9acfb","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"A Multiscale Index of Landscape Intactness for the Western United States"}],"contact":"Director, Fort Collins Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Centre Ave., Bldg. C
Fort Collins, CO 80526–8118
Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in selected streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the upper Clark Fork Basin of western Montana. The sampling program was led by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork Basin, with emphasis on trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were located on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water samples were collected periodically at 20 sites from October 2014 through September 2015. Bed-sediment and biota samples were collected once at 13 sites during August 2015.
This report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at sites from October 2014 through September 2015. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, trace elements, and suspended sediment. At 12 sites, samples for analysis of dissolved organic carbon and turbidity were collected. In addition, samples for analysis of nitrogen (nitrate plus nitrite) were collected at two sites. Daily values of mean suspended-sediment concentration and suspended-sediment discharge were determined for three sites. Seasonal daily values of turbidity were determined for four sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-element concentrations in the fine-grained fraction. Biological data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the upper Clark Fork Basin are provided for the period of record.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161201","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Turner, M.A., 2017, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2014 through September 2015) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1201, 122 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161201.","productDescription":"vi, 122 p.","numberOfPages":"132","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-078474","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333419,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1201/ofr20161201.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1201"},{"id":333418,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1201/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 45.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3162 Bozeman Ave
Helena, MT 59601
As part of the ZERT program, sediments from two wells at the ZERT site, located in Bozeman, Montana, USA were reacted with a solution having the composition of local groundwater. A total of 50 water samples were collected from 7 containers placed for 15 days in a glove box with one atmosphere of CO2 to investigate detailed changes in the concentrations of major, minor and trace inorganic compounds, and to compare these with changes observed in groundwater at the ZERT site following CO2 injection. Laboratory results included rapid changes in pH (8.6 to 5.7), alkalinity (243 to 1295 mg/L as HCO3), electrical conductance (539 to 1822 μS/cm), Ca (28 to 297 mg/L), Mg (18 to 63 mg/L), Fe (5 to 43 μg/L) and Mn (2 to 837 μg/L) following CO2 injection. These chemical changes, which are in general agreement with those obtained from sampling the ZERT monitoring wells, could provide early detection of CO2 leakage into shallow groundwater. Dissolution of calcite, some dolomite and minor Mn-oxides, and desorption/ion exchange are likely the main geochemical processes responsible for the observed changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.043","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y.K., Thordsen, J., Abedini, A.A., Beers, S., and Thomas, B., 2017, Changes in the Chemistry of Groundwater Reacted with CO2: Comparison of Laboratory Results with the ZERT Field Pilot: Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, v. 17, p. 241-244, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.043.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"244","ipdsId":"IP-078040","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded1e4b01192927d9f69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Yousif K. 0000-0001-9861-8260 ykharaka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-8260","contributorId":1928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Yousif","email":"ykharaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thordsen, James J. jthordsn@usgs.gov","contributorId":3329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordsen","given":"James J.","email":"jthordsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abedini, Atosa A.","contributorId":69668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abedini","given":"Atosa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beers, Sarah","contributorId":178450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beers","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomas, Burt","contributorId":178451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Burt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179831,"text":"70179831 - 2017 - A detached eddy simulation model for the study of lateral separation zones along a large canyon-bound river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T10:43:40","indexId":"70179831","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A detached eddy simulation model for the study of lateral separation zones along a large canyon-bound river","docAbstract":"Lateral flow separation occurs in rivers where banks exhibit strong curvature. In canyon-boundrivers, lateral recirculation zones are the principal storage of fine-sediment deposits. A parallelized,three-dimensional, turbulence-resolving model was developed to study the flow structures along lateralseparation zones located in two pools along the Colorado River in Marble Canyon. The model employs thedetached eddy simulation (DES) technique, which resolves turbulence structures larger than the grid spacingin the interior of the flow. The DES-3D model is validated using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler flowmeasurements taken during the 2008 controlled flood release from Glen Canyon Dam. A point-to-pointvalidation using a number of skill metrics, often employed in hydrological research, is proposed here forfluvial modeling. The validation results show predictive capabilities of the DES model. The model reproducesthe pattern and magnitude of the velocity in the lateral recirculation zone, including the size and position ofthe primary and secondary eddy cells, and return current. The lateral recirculation zone is open, havingcontinuous import of fluid upstream of the point of reattachment and export by the recirculation returncurrent downstream of the point of separation. Differences in magnitude and direction of near-bed andnear-surface velocity vectors are found, resulting in an inward vertical spiral. Interaction between therecirculation return current and the main flow is dynamic, with large temporal changes in flow direction andmagnitude. Turbulence structures with a predominately vertical axis of vorticity are observed in the shearlayer becoming three-dimensional without preferred orientation downstream.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016JF003895","usgsCitation":"Alvarez, L.V., Schmeeckle, M.W., and Grams, P.E., 2017, A detached eddy simulation model for the study of lateral separation zones along a large canyon-bound river: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 122, no. 1, p. 25-49, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JF003895.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-064012","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jf003895","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.5,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded2e4b01192927d9f6d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2016jf003895","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016jf003895","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Alvarez Laura V., Schmeeckle Mark W., Grams Paul E.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","publicationDate":"1/2017","auditedOn":"1/7/2017","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/4/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvarez, Laura V.","contributorId":178431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alvarez","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmeeckle, Mark W.","contributorId":178432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmeeckle","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179869,"text":"70179869 - 2017 - Using groundwater age distributions to understand changes in methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) concentrations in ambient groundwater, northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T08:36:53","indexId":"70179869","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using groundwater age distributions to understand changes in methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) concentrations in ambient groundwater, northeastern United States","docAbstract":"Temporal changes in methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) concentrations in groundwater were evaluated in the northeastern United States, an area of the nation with widespread low-level detections of MtBE based on a national survey of wells selected to represent ambient conditions. MtBE use in the U.S. peaked in 1999 and was largely discontinued by 2007. Six well networks, each representing specific areas and well types (monitoring or supply wells), were each sampled at 10 year intervals between 1996 and 2012. Concentrations were decreasing or unchanged in most wells as of 2012, with the exception of a small number of wells where concentrations continue to increase. Statistically significant increasing concentrations were found in one network sampled for the second time shortly after the peak of MtBE use, and decreasing concentrations were found in two networks sampled for the second time about 10 years after the peak of MtBE use. Simulated concentrations from convolutions of estimates for concentrations of MtBE in recharge water with age distributions from environmental tracer data correctly predicted the direction of MtBE concentration changes in about 65 percent of individual wells. The best matches between simulated and observed concentrations were found when simulating recharge concentrations that followed the pattern of national MtBE use. Some observations were matched better when recharge was modeled as a plume moving past the well from a spill at one point in time. Modeling and sample results showed that wells with young median ages and narrow age distributions responded more quickly to changes in the contaminant source than wells with older median ages and broad age distributions. Well depth and aquifer type affect these responses. Regardless of the timing of decontamination, all of these aquifers show high susceptibility for contamination by a highly soluble, persistent constituent.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.058","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, B.D., Ayotte, J.D., Jurgens, B.C., and DeSimone, L., 2017, Using groundwater age distributions to understand changes in methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) concentrations in ambient groundwater, northeastern United States: Science of the Total Environment, v. 579, p. 579-587, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.058.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"587","ipdsId":"IP-072310","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.058","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.817626953125,\n 41.29431726315258\n ],\n [\n -70.609130859375,\n 41.74672584176937\n ],\n [\n -70.477294921875,\n 41.85319643776675\n ],\n [\n -70.59814453125,\n 42.68243539838623\n ],\n [\n -70.38940429687499,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -68.763427734375,\n 44.071800467511565\n ],\n [\n -69.114990234375,\n 45.48324350868221\n ],\n [\n -70.3125,\n 45.390735154248894\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 44.66865287227321\n ],\n [\n -72.147216796875,\n 42.73894375124377\n ],\n [\n -71.817626953125,\n 41.29431726315258\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 38.90813299596705\n ],\n [\n -74.234619140625,\n 39.52099229357195\n ],\n [\n -73.970947265625,\n 40.153686857794035\n ],\n [\n -74.59716796875,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -75.421142578125,\n 39.40224434029275\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 39.155622393423215\n ],\n [\n -75.003662109375,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -74.937744140625,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -75.025634765625,\n 38.98503278695909\n ],\n [\n -75.025634765625,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 38.90813299596705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 40.04023218690451\n ],\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 40.58475654701271\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 40.58475654701271\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 40.04023218690451\n ],\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 40.04023218690451\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"579","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded1e4b01192927d9f65","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.058","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.058","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Lindsey Bruce D., Ayotte Joseph D., Jurgens Bryant C., Desimone Leslie A.","journalName":"Science of The Total Environment","publicationDate":"2/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":175346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph D. 0000-0002-1892-2738 jayotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-2738","contributorId":149619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph","email":"jayotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jurgens, Bryant C. 0000-0002-1572-113X bjurgens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X","contributorId":127842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Bryant","email":"bjurgens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeSimone, Leslie A. 0000-0003-0774-9607 ldesimon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-9607","contributorId":176711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSimone","given":"Leslie A.","email":"ldesimon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":659025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179852,"text":"70179852 - 2017 - Range-wide connectivity of priority areas for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for long-term conservation from graph theory","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156414,"text":"ofr20151158 - 2015 - Range-wide network of priority areas for greater sage-grouse - a design for conserving connected distributions or isolating individual zoos?","indexId":"ofr20151158","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Range-wide network of priority areas for greater sage-grouse - a design for conserving connected distributions or isolating individual zoos?"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70179852,"text":"70179852 - 2017 - Range-wide connectivity of priority areas for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for long-term conservation from graph theory","indexId":"70179852","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"title":"Range-wide connectivity of priority areas for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for long-term conservation from graph theory"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:01:19","indexId":"70179852","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Range-wide connectivity of priority areas for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for long-term conservation from graph theory","docAbstract":"The delineation of priority areas in western North America for managing Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) represents a broad-scale experiment in conservation biology. The strategy of limiting spatial disturbance and focusing conservation actions within delineated areas may benefit the greatest proportion of Greater Sage-Grouse. However, land use under normal restrictions outside priority areas potentially limits dispersal and gene flow, which can isolate priority areas and lead to spatially disjunct populations. We used graph theory, representing priority areas as spatially distributed nodes interconnected by movement corridors, to understand the capacity of priority areas to function as connected networks in the Bi-State, Central, and Washington regions of the Greater Sage-Grouse range. The Bi-State and Central networks were highly centralized; the dominant pathways and shortest linkages primarily connected a small number of large and centrally located priority areas. These priority areas are likely strongholds for Greater Sage-Grouse populations and might also function as refugia and sources. Priority areas in the Central network were more connected than those in the Bi-State and Washington networks. Almost 90% of the priority areas in the Central network had ≥2 pathways to other priority areas when movement through the landscape was set at an upper threshold (effective resistance, ER12). At a lower threshold (ER4), 83 of 123 priority areas in the Central network were clustered in 9 interconnected subgroups. The current conservation strategy has risks; 45 of 61 priority areas in the Bi-State network, 68 of 123 in the Central network, and all 4 priority areas in the Washington network had ≤1 connection to another priority area at the lower ER4threshold. Priority areas with few linkages also averaged greater environmental resistance to movement along connecting pathways. Without maintaining corridors to larger priority areas or a clustered group, isolation of small priority areas could lead to regional loss of Greater Sage-Grouse
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-16-60.1","usgsCitation":"Crist, M., Knick, S.T., and Hanser, S.E., 2017, Range-wide connectivity of priority areas for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for long-term conservation from graph theory: The Condor, v. 119, no. 1, p. 44-57, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-16-60.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"57","ipdsId":"IP-069576","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-16-60.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded1e4b01192927d9f67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crist, Michele R.","contributorId":178453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crist","given":"Michele R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanser, Steven E. 0000-0002-4430-2073 shanser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-2073","contributorId":127554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steven","email":"shanser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179846,"text":"70179846 - 2017 - Projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-08T13:32:47","indexId":"70179846","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley","docAbstract":"The Central Valley of California is one of the most important regions for wintering waterbirds in North America despite extensive anthropogenic landscape modification and decline of historical wetlands there. Like many other mediterranean-climate ecosystems across the globe, the Central Valley has been subject to a burgeoning human population and expansion and intensification of agricultural and urban development that have impacted wildlife habitats. Future effects of urban development, changes in water supply management, and precipitation and air temperature related to global climate change on area of waterbird habitat in the Central Valley are uncertain, yet potentially substantial. Therefore, we modeled area of waterbird habitats for 17 climate, urbanization, water supply management, and wetland restoration scenarios for years 2006–2099 using a water resources and scenario modeling framework. Planned wetland restoration largely compensated for adverse effects of climate, urbanization, and water supply management changes on habitat areas through 2065, but fell short thereafter for all except one scenario. Projected habitat reductions due to climate models were more frequent and greater than under the recent historical climate and their magnitude increased through time. After 2065, area of waterbird habitat in all scenarios that included severe warmer, drier climate was projected to be >15% less than in the “existing” landscape most years. The greatest reduction in waterbird habitat occurred in scenarios that combined warmer, drier climate and plausible water supply management options affecting priority and delivery of water available for waterbird habitats. This scenario modeling addresses the complexity and uncertainties in the Central Valley landscape, use and management of related water supplies, and climate to inform waterbird habitat conservation and other resource management planning. Results indicate that increased wetland restoration and additional conservation and climate change adaptation strategies may be warranted to maintain habitat adequate to support waterbirds in the Central Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0169780","usgsCitation":"Matchett, E., and Fleskes, J.P., 2017, Projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 1, e0169780; 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169780.","productDescription":"e0169780; 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-080857","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470129,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169780","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334996,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7H13050","text":"Data for projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.89306640624999,\n 40.329795743702064\n ],\n [\n -122.135009765625,\n 38.039438891821746\n ],\n [\n -119.454345703125,\n 34.985003130171066\n ],\n [\n -118.77319335937499,\n 34.903952965590065\n ],\n [\n -118.57543945312501,\n 35.18278813800229\n ],\n [\n -118.80615234374999,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 37.431250501793585\n ],\n [\n -121.212158203125,\n 38.89958342598271\n ],\n [\n -121.761474609375,\n 40.12009038025332\n ],\n [\n -122.18994140624999,\n 40.66397287638688\n ],\n [\n -122.89306640624999,\n 40.329795743702064\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded1e4b01192927d9f6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matchett, Elliott 0000-0001-5095-2884 ematchett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-2884","contributorId":5541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Elliott","email":"ematchett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":177154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179742,"text":"ofr20171005 - 2017 - State of the Salton Sea—A science and monitoring meeting of scientists for the Salton Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T09:18:40","indexId":"ofr20171005","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1005","title":"State of the Salton Sea—A science and monitoring meeting of scientists for the Salton Sea","docAbstract":"The Salton Sea (Sea) is an ecosystem facing large systemic changes in the near future. Managers and stakeholders are seeking solutions to the decline of the Sea and have turned to the scientific community for answers. In response, scientists gathered in Irvine, California, to review existing science and propose scientific studies and monitoring needs required for understanding how to retain the Sea as a functional ecosystem. This document summarizes the proceedings of this gathering of approximately 50 scientists at a September 8–10, 2014, workshop on the State of the Salton Sea.
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U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Suite 5000
Sacramento, CA 95819
https://www.usgs.gov/science/regions/pacific
","tableOfContents":"Peatlands play an important role in boreal ecosystems, storing a large amount of soil organic carbon. In northern ecosystems, collapse-scar bogs (also known as thermokarst bogs) often form as the result of ground subsidence following permafrost thaw. To examine how ecosystem carbon balance changes with the loss of permafrost, we measured carbon and nitrogen storage within a thermokarst bog and the surrounding forest, which continues to have permafrost. These sites are a part of the Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) site and are located within Interior Alaska. Here, we report on methods used for core collection analysis as well as the cores’ physical, chemical, and descriptive properties.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161173","usgsCitation":"Manies, K.L., Fuller, C.C., Jones, M.C., Waldrop, M.P., and McGeehin, J.P., 2017, Soil data for a thermokarst bog and the surrounding permafrost plateau forest, located at Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Site, Interior Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1173, 11 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161173.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-076806","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333517,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1173/ofr20161173_appendix.zip","text":"Data Files","size":"173 kB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2016–1173 Data 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\"}}]}","contact":"Contact Information
Soil Carbon Research - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 962
Menlo Park, CA 94025
https://carbon.wr.usgs.gov/
https://carbon.wr.usgs.gov/people.html
As part of the National Water Availability and Use Program established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2005, this study took advantage of about 14 million records from State-managed collections of water-well drillers’ records and created a database of hydrogeologic properties for the glaciated United States. The water-well drillers’ records were standardized to be relatively complete and error-free and to provide consistent variables and naming conventions that span all State boundaries.
Maps and geospatial grids were developed for (1) total thickness of glacial deposits, (2) total thickness of coarse-grained deposits, (3) specific-capacity based transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity, and (4) texture-based estimated equivalent horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity. The information included in these maps and grids is required for most assessments of groundwater availability, in addition to having applications to studies of groundwater flow and transport. The texture-based estimated equivalent horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity were based on an assumed range of hydraulic conductivity values for coarse- and fine-grained deposits and should only be used with complete awareness of the methods used to create them. However, the maps and grids of texture-based estimated equivalent hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity may be useful for application to areas where a range of measured values is available for re-scaling.
Maps of hydrogeologic information for some States are presented as examples in this report but maps and grids for all States are available electronically at the project Web site (USGS Glacial Aquifer System Groundwater Availability Study, http://mi.water.usgs.gov/projects/WaterSmart/Map-SIR2015-5105.html) and the Science Base Web site, https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/58756c7ee4b0a829a3276352.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155105","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water Availability and Use Program and the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E.R., Arihood, L.D., Reeves, H.W., Sperl, B.J.S., Qi, S.L., Stipe, V.E., and Bunch, A.R., 2017, Maps and grids of hydrogeologic information created from standardized water-well drillers’ records of the glaciated United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5105, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155105.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 34 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060057","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333107,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5105/sir20155105.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.4 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5957 Lakeside Blvd
Indianapolis, IN 46278
Phone: (317) 290-3333
https://in.water.usgs.gov/
The purpose of this document is to describe a strategy by which monitoring and research data in the natural and social sciences will be collected, analyzed, and provided to the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), its bureaus, and to the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program (GCDAMP) in support of implementation of the Glen Canyon Dam Long-Term Experimental and Management Plan (LTEMP) (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2016a). The selected alternative identified in the LTEMP Record of Decision (ROD) (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2016b) describes various data collection, analysis, modeling, and interpretation efforts to be conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC), partner agencies, and cooperators that will inform decisions about operations of Glen Canyon Dam and management of downstream resources between 2017 and 2037, the performance period of the LTEMP. General data collection, analysis, modeling, and interpretation activities are described in this science plan, whereas specific monitoring and research activities and detailed study plans are to be described in the GCDAMP’s triennial work plans (TWPs) to be developed by the Bureau of Reclamation and GCMRC with input from partner agencies and cooperators during the LTEMP period, which are to be reviewed and recommended by the GCDAMP and approved by the Secretary of the Interior.
The GCDAMP consists of several components, the primary committee being the Adaptive Management Work Group (AMWG). This Federal advisory committee is composed of 25 agencies and stakeholder groups and is chaired by the Secretary of the Interior’s designee. The AMWG makes recommendations to the Secretary of the Interior concerning operations of Glen Canyon Dam and other experimental management actions that are intended to fulfill some obligations of the Grand Canyon Protection Act of 1992. The Technical Work Group (TWG) is a subcommittee of the AMWG and provides technical advice to the AMWG. It is composed of technical and science representatives from the same agencies and stakeholder groups who serve on the AMWG. GCMRC is the primary science provider to the GCDAMP and also coordinates many aspects of the science performed by cooperators and partner agencies. The Science Advisors Program provides independent science reviews and advice at the request of the GCDAMP.
The plan proposed here necessarily depends on (1) the protocol for decision-making and the requirements for scientific data reporting described in the LTEMP ROD, (2) the priorities of the GCDAMP as directed by the LTEMP ROD (see Department of the Interior, 2016b, section 6.1), (3) the priorities for monitoring and research in the conservation measures section of the Biological Opinion for the LTEMP (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2016b, LTEMP ROD attachment E), (4) the priorities for resource management and information needs established by Federal and State resource-management agencies within the GCDAMP, (5) scientific understanding about the linkage between the status of those resources and operations of Glen Canyon Dam, and (6) the need to resolve existing scientific uncertainties about the linkage between dam operations and the condition of resources. We note that resource-management prioritization is fundamentally a policy decision charged specifically to DOI for the Colorado River in Glen and Grand Canyons, as outlined most recently in the LTEMP ROD, and is not the responsibility of the GCMRC. However, it is the responsibility of the GCMRC to describe the nature of scientific understanding, the nature of scientific uncertainty, and the risk of making resourcemanagement decisions in the face of existing scientific uncertainty. The goals of science activities in the next 20 years are to inform operational decisions regarding Glen Canyon Dam operations described in the LTEMP ROD, resolve remaining scientific uncertainties, and to monitor resource trends that are affected entirely, or in part, by dam operations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171006","usgsCitation":"VanderKooi, S.P., Kennedy, T.A., Topping, D.J., Grams, P.E., Ward, D.L., Fairley, H.C., Bair, L.S., Sankey, J.B., Yackulic, C.B., and Schmidt, J.C., 2017, Scientific monitoring plan in support of the selected alternative of the Glen Canyon Dam Long-Term Experimental and Management Plan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1006, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171006.","productDescription":"v, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-082810","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333410,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1006/ofr20171006.pdf","text":"Report","size":"165 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1006 report PDF"},{"id":333409,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1006/coverthb.gif"}],"contact":"GCMRC Staff, Southwest Biological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center
2255 N. Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
https://www.gcmrc.gov/
The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) is a cooperative activity to collect light detection and ranging (lidar) data for the conterminous United States, Hawaii, and U.S. territories; and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IfSAR) elevation data for Alaska during an 8-year period. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and partner organizations acquire high-quality three-dimensional elevation data for the United States and its territories that support requirements beyond what could be realized if agencies independently pursued lidar and IfSAR data collection activities. Data collection rates have been increasing as a growing number of State and Federal agencies participate in cooperative data acquisition projects. USGS and partner agencies expanded data collection, completed the initial product delivery systems and implemented changes to the program governance to include a restructuring of the 3DEP working group and formalizing the relationship to the Federal Geographic Data Committee during the final year (2015) of program preparation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161196","usgsCitation":"Sugarbaker, L.J., Eldridge, D.F., Jason, A.L., Lukas, Vicki, Saghy, D.L., Stoker, J.M., and Thunen, D.R., 2017, Status of the 3D Elevation Program, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1196, 13 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161196.","productDescription":"v, 13 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077494","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333332,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20151161 ","text":"Open-File Report 2015–1161 - ","linkHelpText":"Status Report for the 3D Elevation Program, 2013–2014"},{"id":333264,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1196/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333265,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1196/ofr20161196.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1196"}],"contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 511
Reston, VA 20192
Email: 3DEP@usgs.gov
https://www.usgs.gov/ngpo/
https://nationalmap.gov/3DEP/
Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California’s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State’s groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. The shallow aquifers of the Tulare, Kaweah, and Tule groundwater basins and adjacent highlands areas of the southern San Joaquin Valley constitute one of the study units being evaluated.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173001","collaboration":"U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3001 January 2017 U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, Miranda, 2017, Groundwater quality in the shallow aquifers of the Tulare, Kaweah, and Tule Groundwater Basins and adjacent highlands areas, Southern San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017-3001, 4 p.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079416","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438451,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7BP00W8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-Quality Data in the Tule-Tulare-Highlands-Kaweah Shallow Aquifer Study Unit, 2014-2015"},{"id":333354,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3001/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333355,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3001/fs20173001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"937 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3001 PDF"},{"id":333363,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7BP00W8","text":"USGS data release: ","linkHelpText":" Groundwater-quality data in the Tulare Shallow Aquifer study unit, California GAMA Priority Basin Project"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"GAMA Project Chief
U.S. Geological Survey
California Water Science Center
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
Telephone number: (916) 278-3000
WEB: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/gama
Within Voyageurs National Park in Minnesota, lake levels are controlled by a series of dams to support a variety of uses. Previous research indicates a link between these artificially maintained water levels, referred to as rule curves, and mercury concentrations in fish owing to the drying and rewetting of wetlands and other nearshore areas, which may release methylmercury into the water when inundated. The U.S. Geological Survey, National Park Service, and University of Wisconsin-La Crosse cooperated in a study to assess the importance of lake-level fluctuation and other factors affecting mercury concentrations in Perca flavescens (yellow perch) in the lakes of Voyageurs National Park. For this study, mercury body burdens were determined for young-of-the-year yellow perch collected from the large lakes within Voyageurs National Park during 2013–15. These mercury body burdens were compared to lake levels and water-quality constituents from the same period.
Field properties and profiles of lake water quality indicated that Sand Point, Little Vermilion, and Crane Lakes were anoxic at times near the lake bottom sediments, where sulfate-reducing bacteria may convert mercury to methylmercury. The median dissolved sulfate concentration was highest in Crane Lake, the median total organic carbon concentration was highest in Sand Point Lake, and the median total phosphorus concentration was highest in Kabetogama Lake, all of which is consistent with previous research. All lakes had median chlorophyll a concentrations of 3.6 micrograms per liter or less with the exception of Kabetogama Lake, where the median concentrations were 4.3 micrograms per liter for the midlake sites and 7.1 micrograms per liter and 9.0 micrograms per liter for the nearshore sites.
Mercury concentrations in sampled fish varied widely between years and among lakes, from 14.7 nanograms per gram in fish samples from Kabetogama Lake in 2015 to 178 nanograms per gram in fish samples from Crane Lake in 2014. Data from this study can be combined with ongoing hydrologic modeling studies to evaluate trends in the mercury body burden of fish and different water-level management scenarios prescribed by the 2000 Rule Curves and the 1970 Rule Curves.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165175","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., Larson, J.H., Maki, R.P., Sandheinrich, M.B., Brigham, M.E., Kissane, Claire, and LeDuc, J.F., 2017, Lake levels and water quality in comparison to fish mercury body burdens, Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, 2013–15: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5175, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165175.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079622","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333068,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5175/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333069,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5175/sir20165175.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sir 2016–5175"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Voyageurs National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.13934326171875,\n 48.25942712329832\n ],\n [\n -93.13934326171875,\n 48.647427805533546\n ],\n [\n -92.39227294921875,\n 48.647427805533546\n ],\n [\n -92.39227294921875,\n 48.25942712329832\n ],\n [\n -93.13934326171875,\n 48.25942712329832\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Minnesota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2280 Woodale Drive
Mounds View, MN 55112
Despite concern over the conservation status of many Mongolian salmonids and the importance of their ecological role in Mongolia's aquatic ecosystems, little is known about their basic biology. Hovsgol grayling (Thymallus nigrescens) is endemic to Lake Hovsgol, Mongolia and listed as endangered on the Mongolian Red List. Baikal grayling (T. baicalensis) and lenok (Brachymystax lenok) are found in lakes and rivers throughout the Selenge drainage. A detailed study of the age and growth of these three salmonids was conducted based on 1,682 samples collected from July 2006 to July 2013 in Lake Hovsgol, its outlet the Eg River, and one of the Eg's largest tributaries, the Uur River. Our results suggest that Hovsgol grayling in particular can reach a much older maximum age (17 years in our samples) than previously believed based on aging from scales. Female Hovsgol grayling were heavier at a given length than their male counterparts. Lenok had a greater average length-at-age in Lake Hovsgol compared to the rivers and greater weight-at-length in the warmer Uur River than in the Eg; female lenok from the rivers had a greater average length-at-age than their male counterparts. This study provides critical new information for the management and conservation of these threatened salmonid species in Mongolia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jai.13247","usgsCitation":"Tsogtsaikhan, P., Mendsaikhan, B., Jargalmaa, G., Ganzorig, B., Weidel, B., Filosa, C., Free, C., Young, T., and Jensen, O.P., 2017, Age and growth comparisons of Hovsgol grayling (Thymallus nigrescens Dorogostaisky, 1923), Baikal grayling (T. baicalensis Dybowski, 1874), and lenok (Brachymystax lenok Pallas, 1773) in lentic and lotic habitats of Northern Mongolia: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 33, no. 1, p. 108-115, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13247.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-062756","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13247","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mongolia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 99.66796875,\n 50.14874640066278\n ],\n [\n 100.94238281249999,\n 50.14874640066278\n ],\n [\n 100.94238281249999,\n 51.67255514839674\n ],\n [\n 99.66796875,\n 51.67255514839674\n ],\n [\n 99.66796875,\n 50.14874640066278\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58808d3ce4b01dfadfff1527","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tsogtsaikhan, Pureviin","contributorId":178386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsogtsaikhan","given":"Pureviin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mendsaikhan, Budiin","contributorId":178383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendsaikhan","given":"Budiin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jargalmaa, Ganzorigiin","contributorId":178384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jargalmaa","given":"Ganzorigiin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ganzorig, Batsaikhanii","contributorId":178385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ganzorig","given":"Batsaikhanii","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Filosa, Christopher","contributorId":178387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filosa","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Free, Christopher","contributorId":178388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Free","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Young, Talia","contributorId":141088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Talia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jensen, Olaf P.","contributorId":92159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Olaf","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ]}