{"pageNumber":"985","pageRowStart":"24600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":70026,"text":"ofr20041433 - 2004 - Digital data used to relate nutrient inputs to water quality in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, version 3.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-10T13:14:07.260517","indexId":"ofr20041433","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1433","title":"Digital data used to relate nutrient inputs to water quality in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, version 3.0","docAbstract":"Chesapeake Bay restoration efforts are focused on improving water quality, living resources, and ecological habitats by 2010. One aspect of the water-quality restoration is the refinement of strategies designed to implement nutrient-reduction practices within the Bay watershed. These strategies are being refined and implemented by resource managers of the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP), a partnership comprised of various Federal, State, and local agencies that includes jurisdictions within Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), an active member of the CBP, provides necessary water-quality information for these Chesapeake Bay nutrient-reduction strategy revisions and evaluations. \r\n\r\nThe formulation and revision of effective nutrient-reduction strategies requires detailed scientific information and an analytical understanding of the sources, transport, and delivery of nutrients to the Chesapeake Bay. The USGS is supporting these strategies by providing scientific information to resource managers that can help them evaluate and understand these processes. One statistical model available to resource managers is a collection of SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed (SPARROW) attributes, which uses a nonlinear regression approach to spatially relate nutrient sources and watershed characteristics to nutrient loads of streams throughout the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Developed by the USGS, information generated by SPARROW can help resource managers determine the geographical distribution and relative contribution of nutrient sources and the factors that affect their transport to the Bay. \r\n\r\nNutrient source information representing the late 1990s time period was obtained from several agencies and used to create and compile digital spatial datasets of total nitrogen and total phosphorus contributions that served as input sources to the SPARROW models. These data represent atmospheric deposition, point-source locations, land-use, land-cover, and agricultural sources such as commercial fertilizer and manure applications. \r\n\r\nWatershed-characteristics datasets representing factors that affect the transport of nutrients also were compiled from previous applications of the SPARROW models in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Datasets include average-annual precipitation and temperature, slope, soil permeability, and hydrogeomorphic regions. \r\n\r\nNutrient-input and watershed-characteristics datasets representing conditions during the late 1990s were merged with a connected network of stream reaches and watersheds to provide the spatial detail required by SPARROW. Stream-nutrient load estimates for 125 sampling sites (87 for total nitrogen and 103 for total phosphorus) served as the dependent variables for the regressions, and were used to calibrate models of total nitrogen and total phosphorus depicting late 1990s conditions in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. \r\n\r\nSpatial data generated for the models can be used to identify the location of nutrient sources, while the models' nutrient estimates can be used to evaluate stream-nutrient load contributed locally by each source evaluated, the amount of local load generated that is transported to the Bay, and the factors that affect the nutrient transport. Applying the SPARROW methodology to late 1990s information completes three time periods (late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s) of viable data that resource managers can use to evaluate the water-quality conditions within the Bay watershed in order to refine restoration goals and nutrient-reduction strategies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041433","collaboration":"See OFR 99-60 for version 1.0; see OFR 2001-251 for version 2.0","usgsCitation":"Brakebill, J.W., and Preston, S.D., 2004, Digital data used to relate nutrient inputs to water quality in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, version 3.0 (Version 3.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1433, v, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041433.","productDescription":"v, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9043,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean M. jstrail@usgs.gov","contributorId":2205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wrege, B.M.","contributorId":100405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wrege","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prowell, D.C.","contributorId":95475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prowell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seefelt, E.L.","contributorId":93977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seefelt","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weems, R.E.","contributorId":44920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019,"text":"ofr20041447 - 2004 - A preliminary assessment of geologic framework and sediment thickness studies relevant to prospective US submission on extended continental shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:36","indexId":"ofr20041447","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1447","title":"A preliminary assessment of geologic framework and sediment thickness studies relevant to prospective US submission on extended continental shelf","docAbstract":"Under the provisions of Articles 76 and 77 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), coastal States have sovereign rights over the continental shelf territory beyond 200-nautical mile (nm) from the baseline from which the territorial sea is measured if certain conditions are met regarding the geologic and physiographic character of the legal continental shelf as defined in those articles. These claims to an extended continental shelf must be supported by relevant bathymetric, geophysical and geological data according to guidelines established by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS, 1999). In anticipation of the United States becoming party to UNCLOS, Congress in 2001 directed the Joint Hydrographic Center/Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping at the University of New Hampshire to conduct a study to evaluate data relevant to establishing the outer limit of the juridical continental shelf beyond 200 nm and to recommend what additional data might be needed to substantiate such an outer limit (Mayer and others, 2002). The resulting report produced an impressive and sophisticated GIS database of data sources. Because of the short time allowed to complete the report, all seismic reflection data were classified together; the authors therefore recommended that USGS perform additional analysis on seismic and related data holdings. The results of this additional analysis are the substance of this report, including the status of geologic framework, sediment isopach research, and resource potential in the eight regions1 identified by Mayer and others (2002) where analysis of seismic data might be crucial for establishing an outer limit .\r\n\r\nSeismic reflection and refraction data are essential in determining sediment thickness, one of the criteria used in establishing the outer limits of the juridical continental shelf. Accordingly, the initial task has been to inventory public-domain seismic data sources, primarily those regionally extensive data held within the Department of the Interior (DOI). The numerous seismic reflection and refraction surveys collected prior to 1970 by academic and governmental institutions are generally not included in this compilation, except where they provide unique data in a region. These data sources were omitted from this report because they were deemed to be of insufficient quality (poorly navigated or low resolution) to meet the CLCS standards for a submission, or they were redundant with higher-quality, more modern data. Hence, this report attempts to identify those data sets of highest utility for establishing the outer limits of the juridical continental shelf. If there was any ambiguity or uncertainty about the relevance of a data set to a continental shelf submission, either by its quality, location, or other parameter, it was included in this compilation. This report does not summarize other geophysical data (such as marine magnetics or gravity) that might be relevant to understanding crustal provenance and geological continuity.\r\n\r\nDetailed metadata tables and maps are included to facilitate the location and utilization of these sources when a comprehensive assessment (?desktop study?) is undertaken.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041447","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, D.R., Childs, J.R., Hammar-Klose, E., Dadisman, S., Edgar, N.T., and Barth, G., 2004, A preliminary assessment of geologic framework and sediment thickness studies relevant to prospective US submission on extended continental shelf: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1447, CD-ROM only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041447.","productDescription":"CD-ROM only","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6249,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1447/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab29d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah R. 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childs, Jonathan R. jchilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"Jonathan","email":"jchilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammar-Klose, Erika","contributorId":36227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammar-Klose","given":"Erika","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn","contributorId":56735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edgar, N. Terrence","contributorId":102149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Terrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barth, Ginger A. gbarth@usgs.gov","contributorId":3595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"Ginger A.","email":"gbarth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035,"text":"ofr20041391 - 2004 - Airborne Digital Sensor System and GPS-aided inertial technology for direct geopositioning in rough terrain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:14","indexId":"ofr20041391","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1391","title":"Airborne Digital Sensor System and GPS-aided inertial technology for direct geopositioning in rough terrain","docAbstract":"High-resolution airborne digital cameras with onboard data collection based on the Global Positioning System (GPS) and inertial navigation systems (INS) technology may offer a real-time means to gather accurate topographic map information by reducing ground control and eliminating aerial triangulation. Past evaluations of this integrated system over relatively flat terrain have proven successful. The author uses Emerge Digital Sensor System (DSS) combined with Applanix Corporation?s Position and Orientation Solutions for Direct Georeferencing to examine the positional mapping accuracy in rough terrain. The positional accuracy documented in this study did not meet large-scale mapping requirements owing to an apparent system mechanical failure. Nonetheless, the findings yield important information on a new approach for mapping in Antarctica and other remote or inaccessible areas of the world.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041391","usgsCitation":"Sanchez, R.D., 2004, Airborne Digital Sensor System and GPS-aided inertial technology for direct geopositioning in rough terrain: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1391, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041391.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6699,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1391/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6888d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanchez, Richard D.","contributorId":66296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanchez","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70024,"text":"ofr20041437 - 2004 - Digital database of faulting accompanying the 1966 Parkfield, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:52","indexId":"ofr20041437","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1437","title":"Digital database of faulting accompanying the 1966 Parkfield, California, earthquake","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041437","usgsCitation":"Crosby, C.J., 2004, Digital database of faulting accompanying the 1966 Parkfield, California, earthquake (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1437, 1 online sheet with DOQ, DEM, GIS zip with metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041437.","productDescription":"1 online sheet with DOQ, DEM, GIS zip with metadata","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6692,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1437/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d4cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crosby, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2522-4193","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-4193","contributorId":68415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosby","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70051,"text":"ofr20041260 - 2004 - Channel-morphology data for the Tongue River and selected tributaries, southeastern Montana, 2001-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:44","indexId":"ofr20041260","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1260","title":"Channel-morphology data for the Tongue River and selected tributaries, southeastern Montana, 2001-02","docAbstract":"Coal-bed methane exploration and production have begun within the Tongue River watershed in southeastern Montana. The development of coal-bed methane requires production of large volumes of ground water, some of which may be discharged to streams, potentially increasing stream discharge and sediment load. Changes in stream discharge or sediment load may result in changes to channel morphology through changes in erosion and vegetation. These changes might be subtle and difficult to detect without baseline data that indicate stream-channel conditions before extensive coal-bed methane development began. In order to provide this baseline channel-morphology data, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, collected channel-morphology data in 2001-02 to document baseline conditions for several reaches along the Tongue River and selected tributaries.\r\n\r\nThis report presents channel-morphology data for five sites on the mainstem Tongue River and four sites on its tributaries. Bankfull, water-surface, and thalweg elevations, channel sections, and streambed-particle sizes were measured along reaches near streamflow-gaging stations. At each site, the channel was classified using methods described by Rosgen. For six sites, bankfull discharge was determined from the stage- discharge relation at the gage for the stage corresponding to the bankfull elevation. For three sites, the step-backwater computer model HEC-RAS was used to estimate bankfull discharge. Recurrence intervals for the bankfull discharge also were estimated for eight of the nine sites. Channel-morphology data for each site are presented in maps, tables, graphs, and photographs.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041260","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., 2004, Channel-morphology data for the Tongue River and selected tributaries, southeastern Montana, 2001-02: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1260, viii, 79 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041260.","productDescription":"viii, 79 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6732,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1260/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70053,"text":"ofr20041087 - 2004 - Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin Lakes, water year 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:23:09","indexId":"ofr20041087","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1087","title":"Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin Lakes, water year 2003","docAbstract":"<p>&nbsp;The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many years, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes. To make these data available to interested parties outside the USGS, the data are published annually in this report series. The locations of water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin for water year 2003 are shown in figure 1. A water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30. It is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Thus, the period October 1, 2002 through September 30, 2003 is called \"water year 2003.\"</p>\n<p>The purpose of this report is to provide information about the chemical and physical characteristics of Wisconsin lakes. Data that have been collected at specific lakes, and information to aid in the interpretation of those data, are included in this report. Data collected include measurements of in-lake water quality and lake stage. Time series of Secchi depths, surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations collected during non-frozen periods are included for all lakes. Graphs of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance are included for sites where these parameters were measured. Descriptive infor- mation for each lake includes: location of the lake, area of the lake's watershed, period for which data are available, revisions to previously published records, and pertinent remarks. Additional data, such as streamflow and water quality in tributary and outlet streams of some of the lakes, are published in another volume: \"Water Resources Data-Wisconsin, 2003.\"</p>\n<p>Water-resources data, including stage and discharge data at most streamflow-gaging stations, are available throught the World Wide Web on the Internet. The Wisconsin District's home page is at http://wi.water.usgs.gov/. Information on the Wisconsin District's Lakes Program is found at wi.water.usgs.gov/lake/index.html and wi.water.usgs.gov/projects/ index.html.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Society","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041087","usgsCitation":"Rose, W.J., Garn, H., Goddard, G.L., Olson, D., and Robertson, D.M., 2004, Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin Lakes, water year 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1087, vi, 165 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041087.","productDescription":"vi, 165 p.","numberOfPages":"170","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science 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J.","contributorId":14433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garn, H.S.","contributorId":42601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garn","given":"H.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goddard, G. L.","contributorId":10442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goddard","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, D.L.","contributorId":34943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":69986,"text":"ds114 - 2004 - Bracketing mid-pliocene sea surface temperature: maximum and minimum possible warming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:35","indexId":"ds114","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"114","title":"Bracketing mid-pliocene sea surface temperature: maximum and minimum possible warming","docAbstract":"Estimates of sea surface temperature (SST) from ocean cores reveal a warm phase of the Pliocene between about 3.3 and 3.0 Mega-annum\u0019s (Ma). Pollen records from land based cores and sections, although not as well dated, also show evidence for a warmer climate at about the same time. Increased greenhouse forcing and altered ocean heat transport is the leading candidates for the underlying cause of Pliocene global warmth. However, despite being a period of global warmth, there exists considerable variability within this interval. Two new SST reconstructions have been created to provide a climatological error bar for warm peak phases of the Pliocene. These data represent the maximum and minimum possible warming recorded within the 3.3 to 3.0 Ma interval.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds114","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H., 2004, Bracketing mid-pliocene sea surface temperature: maximum and minimum possible warming (Online Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 114, 12 p. + data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds114.","productDescription":"12 p. + data files","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6238,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2004/114/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb2f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry","contributorId":6138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69982,"text":"ofr20041014 - 2004 - Geophysical, sedimentological, and photographic data from the John Day Reservoir, Washington and Oregon: Data archive and preliminary discussion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T22:14:06.582014","indexId":"ofr20041014","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1014","title":"Geophysical, sedimentological, and photographic data from the John Day Reservoir, Washington and Oregon: Data archive and preliminary discussion","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041014","usgsCitation":"Cross, V.A., and Twichell, D.C., 2004, Geophysical, sedimentological, and photographic data from the John Day Reservoir, Washington and Oregon: Data archive and preliminary discussion: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1014, HTML Document; DVD, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041014.","productDescription":"HTML Document; DVD","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6234,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1014/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":410978,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70500.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"John Day Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.2983,\n              45.9422\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.7028,\n              45.9422\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.7028,\n              45.6883\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.2983,\n              45.6883\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.2983,\n              45.9422\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b42c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, VeeAnn A.","contributorId":103311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"VeeAnn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69963,"text":"ds115 - 2004 - Climate data by elevation in the Great Smoky Mountains: a database and graphical displays for 1947 - 1950 with comparison to long-term data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"ds115","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"115","title":"Climate data by elevation in the Great Smoky Mountains: a database and graphical displays for 1947 - 1950 with comparison to long-term data","docAbstract":"A climate data set is presented for four sites spanning the elevation gradient in the Great Smoky Mountains from Gatlinburg to Clingmans Dome. Monthly mean values for cloud cover, temperature, humidity, precipitation, and soil moisture are included. Stephens (1969) is the source of all summarized mean monthly data. Values are the averages of four years (1947-1950) with moderate to high precipitation. Graphical displays show strong climatic patterns of variation among seasons and elevations. The upper stations had lower temperatures and higher precipitation totals; however, temperature lapse rates and variation in vapor pressure deficits decreased at upper elevations. To examine how well the four-year sample represents the long-term climate, temperature and precipitation for the Gatlinburg (1460 ft elevation at park headquarters) station were compared between the years in the sample and the years in the full record from 1928 to 2003. Trends related to season and elevation are consistent with earlier studies and provide a basis for interpretation of climate dynamics in the southern Appalachian Mountains.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds115","usgsCitation":"Busing, R.T., Stephens, L.A., and Clebsch, E., 2004, Climate data by elevation in the Great Smoky Mountains: a database and graphical displays for 1947 - 1950 with comparison to long-term data (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 115, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds115.","productDescription":"33 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6312,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ds115/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de1ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busing, Richard T.","contributorId":13303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busing","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephens, Luther A.","contributorId":55092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"Luther","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clebsch, Edward E.C.","contributorId":45011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clebsch","given":"Edward E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":69961,"text":"wdrAL031 - 2004 - Water Resources Data, Alabama, Water Year 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-03T00:10:04","indexId":"wdrAL031","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"AL-03-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Alabama, Water Year 2003","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 2003 water year for Alabama consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stages and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This report includes records on both surface and ground water in the State. Specifically, it contains: (1) discharge records for 130 streamflow-gaging stations, for 29 partial-record or miscellaneous streamflow stations; (2) stage and content records for 14 lakes and reservoirs and stage at 46 stations; (3) water-quality records for 12 streamflow-gaging stations, for 29 ungaged streamsites, and for 1 precipitation stations; (4) water temperature at 12 surfacewater stations; (5) specific conductance and dissolved oxygen at 12 stations; (6) turbidity at 3 stations; (7) sediment data at 6 stations; (8) water-level records for 2 recording observation wells; and (9) water-quality records for 9 ground-water stations. Also included are lists of active and discontinued continuous-record surface-water-quality stations, and partial-record and miscellaneous surface-water-quality stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Federal, State, and local agencies in Alabama.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wdrAL031","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alabama Department of\r\nEnvironmental Management, the Alabama Department of\r\nTransportation, and with other State, municipal, and Federal\r\nagencies","usgsCitation":"Psinakis, W.L., Lambeth, D., Stricklin, V., and Treece, M., 2004, Water Resources Data, Alabama, Water Year 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report AL-03-1, x, 635 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrAL031.","productDescription":"x, 635 p.","temporalStart":"2002-10-01","temporalEnd":"2003-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":105,"text":"Alabama Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6311,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wdr-al-03-1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc7f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Psinakis, W. L.","contributorId":104074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Psinakis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambeth, D.S.","contributorId":21587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambeth","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricklin, V.E.","contributorId":106146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricklin","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Treece, M.W.","contributorId":91134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treece","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69956,"text":"sir20045189 - 2004 - Precipitation; ground-water age; ground-water nitrate concentrations, 1995-2002; and ground-water levels, 2002-03 in Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-19T18:17:00","indexId":"sir20045189","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5189","title":"Precipitation; ground-water age; ground-water nitrate concentrations, 1995-2002; and ground-water levels, 2002-03 in Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p><span>The eastern Bernalillo County study area consists of about 150 square miles and includes all of Bernalillo County east of the crests of the Sandia and Manzanita Mountains. Soil and unconsolidated alluvial deposits overlie fractured and solution-channeled limestone in most of the study area. North of Interstate Highway 40 and east of New Mexico Highway 14, the uppermost consolidated geologic units are fractured sandstones and shales. Average annual precipitation at three long-term National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration precipitation and snowfall data-collection sites was 14.94 inches at approximately 6,300 feet (Sandia Ranger Station), 19.06 inches at about 7,020 feet (Sandia Park), and 23.07 inches at approximately 10,680 feet (Sandia Crest). The periods of record at these sites are 1933-74, 1939-2001, and 1953-79, respectively. Average annual snowfall during these same periods of record was 27.7 inches at Sandia Ranger Station, 60.8 inches at Sandia Park, and 115.5 inches at Sandia Crest. Seven precipitation data-collection sites were established during December 2000-March 2001. Precipitation during 2001-03 at three U.S. Geological Survey sites ranged from 66 to 94 percent of period-of-record average annual precipitation at corresponding National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration long-term sites in 2001, from 51 to 75 percent in 2002, and from 34 to 81 percent during January through September 2003. Missing precipitation records for one site resulted in the 34-percent value in 2003. Analyses of concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113 in ground-water samples from nine wells and one spring were used to estimate when the sampled water entered the ground-water system. Apparent ages of ground water ranged from as young as about 10 to 16 years to as old as about 20 to 26 years. Concentrations of dissolved nitrates in samples collected from 24 wells during 2001-02 were similar to concentrations in samples collected from the same wells during 1995, 1997, and (or) 1998. Nitrate concentrations in two wells were larger than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency primary drinking-water regulation of 10 milligrams per liter in 1998 and in 2001. Ground-water levels were measured during June and July 2002 and during June, July, and August 2003 in 18 monitoring wells. The median change in water level for all 18 wells was a decline of 2.03 feet.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20045189","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Bernalillo County ","usgsCitation":"Blanchard, P.J., 2004, Precipitation; ground-water age; ground-water nitrate concentrations, 1995-2002; and ground-water levels, 2002-03 in Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5189, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045189.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6308,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Bernalillo County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6997c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchard, Paul J.","contributorId":24388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69959,"text":"ofr20041420 - 2004 - Geologic map of the Reyes Peak quadrangle, Ventura County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"ofr20041420","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1420","title":"Geologic map of the Reyes Peak quadrangle, Ventura County, California","docAbstract":"New 1:24,000-scale geologic mapping in the Cuyama 30' x 60' quadrangle, in support of the USGS Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), is contributing to a more complete understanding of the stratigraphy, structure, and tectonic evolution of the complex junction area between the NW-trending Coast Ranges and EW-trending western Transverse Ranges.  The 1:24,000-scale geologic map of the Reyes Peak quadrangle, located in the eastern part of the Cuyama map area, is the final of six contiguous 7 ?' quadrangle geologic maps compiled for a more detailed portrayal and reevaluation of geologic structures and rock units shown on previous maps of the region (Carman, 1964; Dibblee, 1972; Vedder and others, 1973).  SCAMP digital geologic maps of the five other contiguous quadrangles have recently been published (Minor, 1999; Kellogg, 1999, 2003; Stone and Cossette, 2000; Kellogg and Miggins, 2002).  This digital compilation presents a new geologic map database for the Reyes Peak 7?' quadrangle, which is located in southern California about 75 km northwest of Los Angeles.  The map database is at 1:24,000-scale resolution.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041420","usgsCitation":"Minor, S.A., 2004, Geologic map of the Reyes Peak quadrangle, Ventura County, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1420, 1 sheet + map database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041420.","productDescription":"1 sheet + map database","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110548,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70342.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"70342"},{"id":191364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6310,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1420/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db6913aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69957,"text":"sir20045174 - 2004 - Application of health-based screening levels to ground-water quality data in a state-scale pilot effort","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"sir20045174","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5174","title":"Application of health-based screening levels to ground-water quality data in a state-scale pilot effort","docAbstract":"A state-scale pilot effort was conducted to evaluate a Health-Based Screening Level (HBSL) approach developed for communicating findings from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program in a human-health context. Many aquifers sampled by USGS are used as drinking-water sources, and water-quality conditions historically have been assessed by comparing measured contaminant concentrations to established drinking-water standards and guidelines. Because drinking-water standards and guidelines do not exist for many analyzed contaminants, HBSL values were developed collaboratively by the USGS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, and Oregon Health & Science University, using USEPA toxicity values and USEPA Office of Water methodologies. The main objective of this report is to demonstrate the use of HBSL approach as a tool for communicating water-quality data in a human-health context by conducting a retrospective analysis of ground-water quality data from New Jersey. Another important objective is to provide guidance on the use and interpretation of HBSL values and other human-health benchmarks in the analyses of water-quality data in a human-health context.\r\n\r\nGround-water samples collected during 1996-98 from 30 public-supply, 82 domestic, and 108 monitoring wells were analyzed for 97 pesticides and 85 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The occurrence of individual pesticides and VOCs was evaluated in a human-health context by calculating Benchmark Quotients (BQs), defined as ratios of measured concentrations of regulated compounds (that is, compounds with Federal or state drinking-water standards) to Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) values and ratios of measured concentrations of unregulated compounds to HBSL values. Contaminants were identified as being of potential human-health concern if maximum detected concentrations were within a factor of 10 of the associated MCL or HBSL (that is, maximum BQ value (BQmax) greater than or equal to 0.1) in any well type (public supply, domestic, monitoring). Most (57 of 77) pesticides and VOCs with human-health benchmarks were detected at concentrations well below these levels (BQmax less than 0.1) for all three well types; however, BQmax values ranged from 0.1 to 3,000 for 6 pesticides and 14 VOCs. Of these 20 contaminants, one pesticide (dieldrin) and three VOCs (1,2-dibromoethane, tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene) both (1) were measured at concentrations that met or exceeded MCL or HBSL values, and (2) were detected in more than 10 percent of samples collected from raw ground water used as sources of drinking water (public-supply and (or) domestic wells) and, therefore, are particularly relevant to human health.\r\n\r\nThe occurrence of multiple pesticides and VOCs in individual wells also was evaluated in a human-health context because at least 53 different contaminants were detected in each of the three well types. To assess the relative human-health importance of the occurrence of multiple contaminants in different wells, the BQ values for all contaminants in a given well were summed. The median ratio of the maximum BQ to the sum of all BQ values for each well ranged from 0.83 to 0.93 for all well types, indicating that the maximum BQ makes up the majority of the sum for most wells. Maximum and summed BQ values were statistically greater for individual public-supply wells than for individual domestic and monitoring wells.\r\n\r\nThe HBSL approach is an effective tool for placing water-quality data in a human-health context. For 79 of the 182 compounds analyzed in this study, no USEPA drinking-water standards or guidelines exist, but new HBSL values were calculated for 39 of these 79 compounds. The new HBSL values increased the number of detected pesticides and VOCs with human-health benchmarks from 65 to 77 (of 97 detected compounds), thereby expanding the basis for interpreting contaminant-occu","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045174","usgsCitation":"Toccalino, P., Norman, J.E., Phillips, R.H., Kauffman, L.J., Stackelberg, P.E., Nowell, L.H., Krietzman, S.J., and Post, G.B., 2004, Application of health-based screening levels to ground-water quality data in a state-scale pilot effort: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5174, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045174.","productDescription":"64 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6309,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5174/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a95c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toccalino, Patricia L. 0000-0003-1066-1702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-1702","contributorId":41089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toccalino","given":"Patricia L.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Julia E. 0000-0002-2820-6225 jnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-6225","contributorId":3832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Julia","email":"jnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, Robyn H.","contributorId":55531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Robyn","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stackelberg, Paul E. 0000-0002-1818-355X pestack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-355X","contributorId":1069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackelberg","given":"Paul","email":"pestack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krietzman, Sandra J.","contributorId":85670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krietzman","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Post, Gloria B.","contributorId":87226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"Gloria","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":69953,"text":"sim2817A - 2004 - Geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T11:59:01","indexId":"sim2817A","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2817","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"This geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle is a compilation of previously published USGS geologic maps and unpublished mapping done for the Richfield Oil Corporation. Geologic mapping from these three primary sources was augmented with additional unpublished map data from British Petroleum Company. This report incorporates recent revisions in stratigraphic nomenclature. Stratigraphic and structural interpretations were revised with the aid of modern high-resolution color infrared aerial photographs. The revised geologic map was checked in the field during the summers of 2001 and 2002. The geologic unit descriptions on this map give detailed information on thicknesses, regional distributions, age determinations, and depositional environments. The paper version of this map is available for purchase from the USGS Store.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2817A","usgsCitation":"Mull, C.G., Houseknecht, D.W., Pessel, G.H., and Garrity, C.P., 2004, Geologic map of the Umiat quadrangle, Alaska (Version 1.3, Revised 2007): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2817, ReadMe; Map Sheet: 32 x 35 inches; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2817A.","productDescription":"ReadMe; Map Sheet: 32 x 35 inches; Data Files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110547,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70334.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"70334"},{"id":6306,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2817a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","edition":"Version 1.3, Revised 2007","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a811c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mull, Charles G.","contributorId":49343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mull","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pessel, G. H.","contributorId":12554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pessel","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69944,"text":"sir20045259 - 2004 - Changes in streamflow and water quality in selected nontidal sites in the Chesapeake Bay Basin, 1985-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:37:05","indexId":"sir20045259","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5259","title":"Changes in streamflow and water quality in selected nontidal sites in the Chesapeake Bay Basin, 1985-2003","docAbstract":"Water-quality and streamflow data from 33 sites in nontidal portions of the Chesapeake Bay Basin were analyzed to document annual nutrient and sediment loads and trends for 1985 through 2003 as part of an annual evaluation of water-quality conditions by the Chesapeake Bay Program. As part of this study, different trend tests and methodologies were evaluated for future use in assessment of the effectiveness of management actions in reducing nutrients and sediments to the Chesapeake Bay. Trends in streamflow were tested at multiple time scales (daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual), resulting in only one significant trend (annual flow for Choptank River near Greensboro, Md.). Data summaries for observed concentrations indicate higher ranges in total-nitrogen concentrations in the northern five major river basins in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia compared to the southern five basins in Virginia. Similar comparisons showed no distinct differences for total phosphorus. Flow-weighted concentration is useful in evaluating changes through time for the Susquehanna, Potomac, and James Rivers. Results indicate the Potomac River had the highest flow-weighted concentrations (2.5 milligrams per liter) for total nitrogen, and the Potomac and James Rivers averaged about the same (0.15 milligram per liter) for total-phosphorus concentrations. Flow-weighted concentrations were lowest in the Susquehanna River for phosphorus and sediment because of the trapping efficiency of three large reservoirs upstream from the sampling point. Annual loads were estimated by use of the U.S. Geological Survey\u0019s ESTIMATOR model. Annual nutrient and sediment loads in 2003 were the second highest total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and sediment loads for the River Input Monitoring sites since 1990. Trends in concentrations, when adjusted for flow, can be used as an indicator of human activity and management actions. The flow-adjusted trends indicated significant decreasing trends at approximately 55, 75, and 48 percent of the sites for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and sediment, respectively. This suggests management actions are having some effect in reducing nutrients and sediments. Sampling protocols for the river inputs to the bay have targeted high flows. Because this sampling strategy creates the potential for bias in estimated loads and trends, calculations are limited to flow-adjusted loads and trends in this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045259","usgsCitation":"Langland, M.J., Phillips, S., Raffensperger, J.P., and Moyer, D., 2004, Changes in streamflow and water quality in selected nontidal sites in the Chesapeake Bay Basin, 1985-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5259, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045259.","productDescription":"56 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191541,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6298,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045259/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6cd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langland, Michael J. 0000-0002-8350-8779 langland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-8779","contributorId":2347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langland","given":"Michael","email":"langland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Scott swphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":3515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Scott","email":"swphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raffensperger, Jeff P. 0000-0001-9275-6646 jpraffen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-6646","contributorId":199119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raffensperger","given":"Jeff","email":"jpraffen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moyer, Douglas 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":2670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69947,"text":"wri034316 - 2004 - Summary of available state ambient stream-water-quality data, 1990-98, and limitations for national assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"wri034316","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4316","title":"Summary of available state ambient stream-water-quality data, 1990-98, and limitations for national assessment","docAbstract":"The investigation described in this report summarized data from State ambient stream-water-quality monitoring sites for 10 water-quality constituents or measurements (suspended solids, fecal coliform bacteria, ammonia as nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen, total phosphorus, total arsenic, dissolved solids, chloride, sulfate, and pH). These 10 water-quality constituents or measurements commonly are listed nationally as major contributors to degradation of surface water. Water-quality data were limited to that electronically accessible from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Storage and Retrieval System (STORET), the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System (NWIS), or individual State databases. Forty-two States had ambient stream-water-quality data electronically accessible for some or all of the constituents or measurements summarized during this investigation. \u001CAmbient\u001D in this report refers to data collected for the purpose of evaluating stream ecosystems in relation to human health, environmental and ecological conditions, and designated uses. Generally, data were from monitoring sites assessed for State 305(b) reports.\r\n\r\nComparisons of monitoring data among States are problematic for several reasons, including differences in the basic spatial design of monitoring networks; water-quality constituents for which samples are analyzed; water-quality criteria to which constituent concentrations are compared; quantity and comprehensiveness of water-quality data; sample collection, processing, and handling; analytical methods; temporal variability in sample collection; and quality-assurance practices. Large differences among the States in number of monitoring sites precluded a general assumption that statewide water-quality conditions were represented by data from these sites. Furthermore, data from individual monitoring sites may not represent water-quality conditions at the sites because sampling conditions and protocols are unknown. Because of these factors, a high level of uncertainty exists in a national assessment of water quality.\r\n\r\nThe purpose of this report is to present a summary of electronically available State ambient stream-water-quality data for 10 selected constituents and measurements from monitoring sites with nine or more analyses for 1990\u001398 and to discuss limitations for use of the data for national assessment. These analyses were statistiscally summarized by monitoring site and State, and the results presented in tabular format. Most of the selected constituents or measurements have U.S. Environmental Protection Agency criteria or guidelines for aquatic-life or drinking-water purposes. A significant finding of this investigation is that for a large percentage of monitoring sites in the Nation, there are insufficient data to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommendations for determining if water-quality conditions are degraded and for making informed decisions regarding total maximum daily loads.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034316","usgsCitation":"Pope, L.M., Rosner, S.M., Hoffman, D.C., and Ziegler, A., 2004, Summary of available state ambient stream-water-quality data, 1990-98, and limitations for national assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4316, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034316.","productDescription":"55 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6301,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034316/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47a3e4b07f02db49689d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Larry M.","contributorId":93455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosner, Stacy M.","contributorId":32032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosner","given":"Stacy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffman, Darren C.","contributorId":7137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Darren","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ziegler, Andrew C. aziegler@usgs.gov","contributorId":433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Andrew C.","email":"aziegler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69948,"text":"ofr20041332 - 2004 - Suwannee river basin and estuary integrated science workshop: September 22-24, 2004 Cedar Key, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"ofr20041332","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1332","title":"Suwannee river basin and estuary integrated science workshop: September 22-24, 2004 Cedar Key, Florida","docAbstract":"In response to the growing number of environmental concerns in the mostly pristine Suwannee River Basin and the Suwannee River Estuary system, the States of Florida and Georgia, the Federal government, and other local organizations have identified the Suwannee River as an ecosystem in need of protection because of its unique biota and important water resources. Organizations with vested interests in the region formed a coalition, the Suwannee Basin Interagency Alliance (SBIA), whose goals are to promote coordination in the identification, management, and scientific knowledge of the natural resources in the basin and estuary. To date, an integrated assessment of the physical, biological, and water resources has not been completed.\r\n\r\nA holistic, multi-disciplinary approach is being pursued to address the research needs in the basin and estuary and to provide supportive data for meeting management objectives of the entire ecosystem. The USGS is well situated to focus on the larger concerns of the basin and estuary by addressing specific research questions linking water supply and quality to ecosystem function and health across county and state boundaries. A strategic plan is being prepared in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies to identify and implement studies to address the most compelling research issues and management questions, and to conduct fundamental environmental monitoring studies. \r\n\r\nThe USGS, Suwannee River Water Management District and the Florida Marine Research Institute are co-sponsoring this scientific workshop on the Suwannee River Basin and Estuary to: \r\n\r\nDiscuss current and past research findings, \r\nIdentify information gaps and research priorities, and \r\nDevelop an action plan for coordinated and relevant research activities in the future. \r\nThis workshop builds on the highly successful basin-wide conference sponsored by the Suwannee Basin Interagency Alliance that was held three years ago in Live Oak, Florida. This year\u0019s workshop will focus on identifying information needs and priorities and developing partnerships. The USGS is seeking to define the role of the USGS Florida Integrated Science Center (FISC) in conducting integrated research in the Suwannee River Basin, and to establish a cooperative program with other agencies. Participants interested in river, floodplain, springs, estuary, or basin-wide issues are encouraged to attend. Topics for this year\u0019s workshop include: \r\n\r\nWater quality and geochemistry: nutrient enrichment, reduction of nutrient loading to ground\r\nwater, contaminants, and land use, \r\nHydrogeology: interactions among ground water, surface water and ecosystem, modeling, and baseline mapping, \r\nEcosystem dynamics: structure, process, species, and habitats (estuarine, riverine, floodplain, and wetland), and \r\nInformation management: data sharing, database development, geographic information system (GIS), and basin-wide models.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041332","usgsCitation":"Katz, B., and Raabe, E., 2004, Suwannee river basin and estuary integrated science workshop: September 22-24, 2004 Cedar Key, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1332, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041332.","productDescription":"69 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6302,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1332/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687ec7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katz, Brian (compiler)","contributorId":50607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","suffix":"(compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raabe, Ellen","contributorId":98402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69950,"text":"ofr20041278 - 2004 - Triangle area water supply monitoring project, October 1988 through September 2001, North Carolina -- description of the water-quality network, sampling and analysis methods, and quality-assurance practices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-30T16:52:17.009755","indexId":"ofr20041278","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1278","title":"Triangle area water supply monitoring project, October 1988 through September 2001, North Carolina -- description of the water-quality network, sampling and analysis methods, and quality-assurance practices","docAbstract":"The Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project was initiated in October 1988 to provide long-term water-quality data for six area water-supply reservoirs and their tributaries. In addition, the project provides data that can be used to determine the effectiveness of large-scale changes in water-resource management practices, document differences in water quality among water-supply types (large multiuse reservoir, small reservoir, run-of-river), and tributary-loading and in-lake data for water-quality modeling of Falls and Jordan Lakes. By September 2001, the project had progressed in four phases and included as many as 34 sites (in 1991). Most sites were sampled and analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Some sites were already a part of the North Carolina Division of Water Quality statewide ambient water-quality monitoring network and were sampled by the Division of Water Quality. The network has provided data on streamflow, physical properties, and concentrations of nutrients, major ions, metals, trace elements, chlorophyll, total organic carbon, suspended sediment, and selected synthetic organic compounds.\r\n\r\nProject quality-assurance activities include written procedures for sample collection, record management and archive, collection of field quality-control samples (blank samples and replicate samples), and monitoring the quality of field supplies. In addition to project quality-assurance activities, the quality of laboratory analyses was assessed through laboratory quality-assurance practices and an independent laboratory quality-control assessment provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Quality Systems through the Blind Inorganic Sample Project and the Organic Blind Sample Project.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041278","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project Steering Committee","usgsCitation":"Oblinger, C.J., 2004, Triangle area water supply monitoring project, October 1988 through September 2001, North Carolina -- description of the water-quality network, sampling and analysis methods, and quality-assurance practices: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1278, 65 p.","productDescription":"65 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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,{"id":69935,"text":"ds90A - 2004 - Gulf coast geology (GCG) online -- miocene of southern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"ds90A","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90","chapter":"A","title":"Gulf coast geology (GCG) online -- miocene of southern Louisiana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds90A","usgsCitation":"Huffman, A.C., Kinney, S.A., Biewick, L., Mitchell, H.R., and Gunther, G., 2004, Gulf coast geology (GCG) online -- miocene of southern Louisiana (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 90, application + users quide and additional text, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds90A.","productDescription":"application + users quide and additional text","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6294,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2004/90/A/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a25f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huffman, A. Curtis Jr.","contributorId":50191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Curtis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biewick, Laura","contributorId":83148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biewick","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, Heather R.","contributorId":105387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gunther, Gregory L.","contributorId":8496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunther","given":"Gregory L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":69933,"text":"sir20045148 - 2004 - Water-use trends in the desert southwest: 1950-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T22:44:15.01728","indexId":"sir20045148","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5148","title":"Water-use trends in the desert southwest: 1950-2000","docAbstract":"<p>The population of the Desert Southwest is among the fastest growing in the country. In this area, ground-water supplies have been developed, surface-water resources have been fully appropriated, and conservation and conjunctive water-use measures are being used to meet water-resource needs. Complex networks of water-distribution systems have been developed to deliver surface-water supplies, and interstate agreements, such as the Colorado River Compact of 1922, help manage the distribution of water among many States in the Western United States, including Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah.</p><p>The Colorado River, which lies on the borders of Arizona, California, and Nevada, plays an important role in supplying water to the Southwest. Water from the Colorado River is used to irrigate extensive farmland in the southern California deserts and is delivered to southern and central Arizona through the Central Arizona Project canal for domestic and agricultural uses. It is also the source of much of the water used for domestic purposes in southern Nevada.</p><p>Estimated water-withdrawal and related data were compiled from various sources to identify trends in Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. More water is used for agriculture than domestic and industrial use in these five States. From 1950 to 2000, however, the percentage increase in withdrawal for domestic water use exceeded that for agricultural use.</p><p>The estimated amount of water withdrawn for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes in Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah increased 58 percent, from 39.6 to 62.8 million acre-feet, from 1950 to 2000. During this period withdrawals for domestic water use, which included self-supplied domestic and public supply (all deliveries to residential, commercial, and some industrial users), increased 410 percent from 2.0 million to 10.2 million acre-feet and the population in these five Southwestern States increased 250 percent. From 1965 to 2000, water withdrawals for agriculture, which were primarily for irrigation of crops and livestock uses, increased 14 percent in the five States, from 44.0 to 50.2 million acre-feet, while irrigated acreage increased 12 percent from 12.6 to 14.1 million acres.</p><p>Water-use trends in the Southwest are dominated by water use in California where crop acreage is more than twice as large as the combined crop acreages in Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah, and the population in 2000 was more than three times larger than the combined population of these States. Withdrawals for agriculture in California accounted for 62 percent of the water withdrawals for agriculture in the five States in 1950 and 68 percent in 2000. Water withdrawals for domestic-water use in California declined from 82 percent of the total domestic-water withdrawals in all five States in 1950 to 70 percent in 2000, indicating that the need for domestic withdrawals increased more in Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah combined than in California.</p><p>The population of California is larger than the combined population of Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah, but the combined population of these smaller States grew faster than the population of California. From 1950 to 2000 the California population increased 220 percent, but the combined population of the four other States increased 390 percent. From 1960 to 2000, public supply per-capita use increased in Arizona, New Mexico, and California, and decreased in Nevada and Utah.</p><p>Crop-application rates (water withdrawal for irrigation of crops divided by the irrigated crop acreage) from 1965 to 2000 ranged from 2.32 acre-feet per acre in Utah in 1975 to 6.21 acre-feet per acre in Arizona in 2000. More water is used per acre of irrigated land in Arizona than in the other four States. This could be due to several reasons, including differences in climate, conveyance losses, length of growing season, and type of crops grown.</p><p>Trends in water withdrawals for industrial use are difficult to identify because of differences in data reporting from year to year. From 1950 to 2000, withdrawal for industrial use in the five States was generally less than 6 percent of the total withdrawal. Withdrawal for industrial use was less than 4 percent of the total withdrawal in Arizona, except in 1990; industrial withdrawal was less than 6 percent in California and less than 7 percent in Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah, except in 1980 when in Utah it was almost 12 percent of the total withdrawal.</p><p>From 1950 to 2000, ground-water withdrawals increased 324 percent in Nevada, 147 percent in New Mexico, 208 percent in Utah, and 52 percent in California. Ground-water withdrawal decreased 15 percent in Arizona. For all five States, ground-water withdrawals increased 62 percent.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045148","usgsCitation":"Konieczki, A.D., and Heilman, J.A., 2004, Water-use trends in the desert southwest: 1950-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5148, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045148.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410131,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70791.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":6282,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5148/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              31.3314\n            ],\n            [\n              -103,\n              31.3314\n            ],\n            [\n              -103,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              41\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697888","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konieczki, Alice D.","contributorId":69594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konieczki","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heilman, Julie A.","contributorId":11701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilman","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69921,"text":"sir20045111 - 2004 - Evaluation of pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:23","indexId":"sir20045111","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5111","title":"Evaluation of pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams","docAbstract":"Streambed scour at bridge piers is among the leading causes of bridge failure in the United States. Several pier-scour equations have been developed to calculate potential scour depths at existing and proposed bridges. Because many pier-scour equations are based on data from laboratory flumes and from cohesionless silt- and sand-bottomed streams, they tend to overestimate scour for piers in coarse-bed materials. Several equations have been developed to incorporate the mitigating effects of large particle sizes on pier scour, but further investigations are needed to evaluate how accurately pier-scour depths calculated by these equations match measured field data.\r\n\r\nThis report, prepared in cooperation with the Montana Department of Transportation, describes the evaluation of five pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams. Pier-scour and associated bridge-geometry, bed-material, and streamflow-measurement data at bridges over coarse-bed streams in Montana, Alaska, Maryland, Ohio, and Virginia were selected from the Bridge Scour Data Management System. Pier scour calculated using the Simplified Chinese equation, the Froehlich equation, the Froehlich design equation, the HEC-18/Jones equation and the HEC-18/Mueller equation for flood events with approximate recurrence intervals of less than 2 to 100 years were compared to 42 pier-scour measurements. Comparison of results showed that pier-scour depths calculated with the HEC-18/Mueller equation were seldom smaller than measured pier-scour depths. In addition, pier-scour depths calculated using the HEC-18/Mueller equation were closer to measured scour than for the other equations that did not underestimate pier scour. However, more data are needed from coarse-bed streams and from less frequent flood events to further evaluate pier-scour equations.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045111","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., and Holnbeck, S.R., 2004, Evaluation of pier-scour equations for coarse-bed streams: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5111, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045111.","productDescription":"24 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6273,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168.81722222222223,25.50138888888889 ], [ -168.81722222222223,71.83555555555554 ], [ -66.95222222222222,71.83555555555554 ], [ -66.95222222222222,25.50138888888889 ], [ -168.81722222222223,25.50138888888889 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48ede4b07f02db556bb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holnbeck, Stephen R. 0000-0001-7313-9298 holnbeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-9298","contributorId":1724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holnbeck","given":"Stephen","email":"holnbeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":281537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69926,"text":"sir20045107 - 2004 - Water-level variations and their effects on tree growth and mortality and on the biogeochemical system at the phytoremediation demonstration site in Fort Worth, Texas, 1996-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T17:39:38","indexId":"sir20045107","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5107","title":"Water-level variations and their effects on tree growth and mortality and on the biogeochemical system at the phytoremediation demonstration site in Fort Worth, Texas, 1996-2003","docAbstract":"<p>In 1996, a field-scale phytoremediation demonstration project was initiated and managed by the U.S. Air Force at a site in western Fort Worth, Texas, using a plantation of 1-year-old stems harvested from branches of eastern cottonwoods during the dormant season (whips) and a plantation of 1-year-old eastern cottonwood seedlings (calipers). The primary objective of the demonstration project was to determine the effectiveness of eastern cottonwoods at reducing the mass of dissolved trichloroethene transported within an alluvial aquifer. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, to determine water-level variations and their effects on tree growth and mortality and on the biogeochemical system at the phytoremediation site. As part of the study, water-level and water-quality data were collected throughout the duration of the project. </p><p>This report presents water-level variations at periodic sampling events; data from August 1996 to January 2003 are presented in this report. Water levels are affected by aquifer properties, precipitation, drawdown attributable to the trees in the study area, and irrigation. This report also evaluates the effects of ground-water depth on tree growth and mortality rates and on the biogeochemical system including subsurface oxidation-reduction processes. </p><p>Overall, both whips and calipers showed a substantial increase in height, canopy diameter, and trunk diameter over the first 3 years of the study. By the fifth growing season (September 2000), the height of the calipers varied predictably with height decreasing with increasing depth to ground water. Percent mortality was relatively constant at about 25 percent in the whip plantation in January 2003 where ground-water levels were less than 10 feet below land surface during the drought in September 2000. The mortality rate increased where the ground-water levels were greater than 10 feet below land surface and approached 90 percent where ground-water levels were between 12 and 13 feet. </p><p>A decrease in molar ratio of trichloroethene to <i>cis</i>-dichloroethene was measured in ground water within and downgradient from the planted area over time. Decreases in these ratios appeared to be related to ground-water depth. The molar ratios of trichloroethene to <i>cis</i>-dichloroethene during the third growing season were relatively constant, between 3.0 and 4.0, in samples collected from wells across the site. By the end of the fifth growing season the lowest ratio was measured in areas where ground-water depth was less than 10 feet below land surface; these same areas had the lowest dissolved oxygen concentrations (0.93 to 1.7 milligrams per liter) and the highest dissolved organic carbon concentrations (1.6 to 1.8 milligrams per liter). This indicates that between the third and fifth growing seasons, a labile fraction of dissolved organic carbon had been introduced into the aquifer by the planted trees that was capable of stimulating reductive dechlorination of trichloroethene. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045107","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Aeronautical Systems Center, Environmental Management Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Braun, C.L., Eberts, S., Jones, S.A., and Harvey, G.J., 2004, Water-level variations and their effects on tree growth and mortality and on the biogeochemical system at the phytoremediation demonstration site in Fort Worth, Texas, 1996-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5107, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045107.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":187448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6277,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5107/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":338771,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5107/pdf/sir2004-5107.pdf","text":"Report","size":"19.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.46,\n              32.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.4,\n              32.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.4,\n              32.79\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.46,\n              32.79\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.46,\n              32.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7387","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braun, Christopher L. 0000-0002-5540-2854 clbraun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5540-2854","contributorId":925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Christopher","email":"clbraun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberts, Sandra M. smeberts@usgs.gov","contributorId":2264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberts","given":"Sandra M.","email":"smeberts@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Sonya A. 0000-0002-7462-8576 sajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8576","contributorId":1690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Sonya","email":"sajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":281547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, Gregory J.","contributorId":48640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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