We review the mechanisms of deleterious nitrogen (N) deposition impacts on temperate forests, with a particular focus on trees and lichens. Elevated anthropogenic N deposition to forests has varied effects on individual organisms depending on characteristics both of the N inputs (form, timing, amount) and of the organisms (ecology, physiology) involved. Improved mechanistic knowledge of these effects can aid in developing robust predictions of how organisms respond to either increases or decreases in N deposition. Rising N levels affect forests in micro- and macroscopic ways from physiological responses at the cellular, tissue, and organism levels to influencing individual species and entire communities and ecosystems. A synthesis of these processes forms the basis for the overarching themes of this paper, which focuses on N effects at different levels of biological organization in temperate forests. For lichens, the mechanisms of direct effects of N are relatively well known at cellular, organismal, and community levels, though interactions of N with other stressors merit further research. For trees, effects of N deposition are better understood for N as an acidifying agent than as a nutrient; in both cases, the impacts can reflect direct effects on short time scales and indirect effects mediated through long-term soil and belowground changes. There are many gaps on fundamental N use and cycling in ecosystems, and we highlight the most critical gaps for understanding potential deleterious effects of N deposition. For lichens, these gaps include both how N affects specific metabolic pathways and how N is metabolized. For trees, these gaps include understanding the direct effects of N deposition onto forest canopies, the sensitivity of different tree species and mycorrhizal symbionts to N, the influence of soil properties, and the reversibility of N and acidification effects on plants and soils. Continued study of how these N response mechanisms interact with one another, and with other dimensions of global change, remains essential for predicting ongoing changes in lichen and tree populations across North American temperate forests.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1717","usgsCitation":"Carter, T.S., Clark, C., Fenn, M.E., Jovan, S.E., Perakis, S.S., Riddell, J., Schaberg, P.G., Greaver, T., and Hastings, M., 2017, Mechanisms of nitrogen deposition effects on temperate forest lichens and trees: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 3, e01717: 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1717.","productDescription":"e01717: 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-079686","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1717","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59269bb5e4b0b7ff9fb48967","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Therese S.","contributorId":192237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Therese","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Christopher L.","contributorId":168382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Christopher L.","affiliations":[{"id":25276,"text":"US EPA, National Center for Envirenmental Assessment, DC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fenn, Mark E.","contributorId":192204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fenn","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jovan, Sarah E.","contributorId":168384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jovan","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":25277,"text":"US Department of Agriculture Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314 sperakis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":145528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Riddell, Jennifer","contributorId":192205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riddell","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schaberg, Paul G.","contributorId":192206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaberg","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Greaver, Tara","contributorId":192207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greaver","given":"Tara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hastings, Meredith","contributorId":192208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hastings","given":"Meredith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70187919,"text":"70187919 - 2017 - Carbon dioxide as an under-ice lethal control for invasive fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T12:50:52","indexId":"70187919","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon dioxide as an under-ice lethal control for invasive fishes","docAbstract":"Resource managers need effective tools to control invasive fish populations. In this study, we tested under-ice carbon dioxide (CO2) injection as a novel piscicide method for non-native Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and native Bigmouth Buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus). Fish were held overwinter in nine outdoor ponds (0.04 ha surface area; 340,000 L volume) treated with no CO2 (control), 43.5–44.0 kg CO2 (low treatment), and 87.5–88.5 kg CO2 (high treatment). Ponds were harvested immediately after ice-out to assess survival and condition. Resulting survival in low (mean = 32%) and high (mean = 5%) CO2-treated ponds was significantly lower than untreated control ponds (mean = 84%). Lethal efficacy varied across species with no Bighead Carp, Silver Carp, or Bigmouth Buffalo surviving the high CO2 treatment. External infections were observed more frequently after CO2 treatments (means = 49–67%) relative to untreated ponds (mean = 2%), suggesting a secondary mechanism for poor survival. This study demonstrates that CO2 can be used as a lethal control for invasive fishes, but effectiveness may vary by species and CO2concentration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-017-1462-9","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Woiak, Z., Erickson, R.A., Amberg, J., and Gaikowski, M., 2017, Carbon dioxide as an under-ice lethal control for invasive fishes: Biological Invasions, v. 19, no. 9, p. 2543-2552, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1462-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2543","endPage":"2552","ipdsId":"IP-077419","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59269bb3e4b0b7ff9fb4895b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woiak, Zebadiah","contributorId":192253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woiak","given":"Zebadiah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amberg, Jon 0000-0002-8351-4861 jamberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-4861","contributorId":149785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":149357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187891,"text":"70187891 - 2017 - A population on the rise: The origin of deepwater sculpin in Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T12:51:34","indexId":"70187891","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A population on the rise: The origin of deepwater sculpin in Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"Deepwater sculpin, Myoxocephalus thompsonii, were thought to have been extirpated from Lake Ontario. However, in recent years, abundance has increased and recruitment has been documented. There are two hypotheses concerning the origin of the current Lake Ontario deepwater sculpin population. First, individuals from the upper Great Lakes may have recolonized Lake Ontario. Alternatively, the Lake Ontario population may have not been extirpated, and the remnant population has recovered naturally. To test these hypotheses, eight microsatellite loci were used to analyze samples from the current Lake Ontario population, museum specimens from the historic Lake Ontario population, and current upper Great Lakes populations. The genetic data suggest that historically throughout the Great Lakes, deepwater sculpin exhibited low levels of spatial genetic structure. Approximate Bayesian Computation analyses support the hypothesis that the current Lake Ontario population is more closely related to populations in the upper Great Lakes than to the historic Lake Ontario samples, indicating that the current Lake Ontario population likely resulted from recolonization from the Upper Great Lakes. The current Lake Ontario population has reduced allelic diversity relative to upper Great Lakes populations, indicating a possible founder effect. This study demonstrates the role life history variation can play in recolonization success. The pelagic larval phase of the deepwater sculpin allowed recolonization of Lake Ontario via passive larval drift.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.009","usgsCitation":"Welsh, A.B., Scribner, K.T., Stott, W., and Walsh, M., 2017, A population on the rise: The origin of deepwater sculpin in Lake Ontario: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 5, p. 863-870, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.009.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"863","endPage":"870","ipdsId":"IP-079229","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walsh, Maureen 0000-0001-7846-5025 mwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7846-5025","contributorId":3659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Maureen","email":"mwalsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187872,"text":"70187872 - 2017 - Estimating inbreeding rates in natural populations: Addressing the problem of incomplete pedigrees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:56:55","indexId":"70187872","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2333,"text":"Journal of Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating inbreeding rates in natural populations: Addressing the problem of incomplete pedigrees","docAbstract":"Understanding and estimating inbreeding is essential for managing threatened and endangered wildlife populations. However, determination of inbreeding rates in natural populations is confounded by incomplete parentage information. We present an approach for quantifying inbreeding rates for populations with incomplete parentage information. The approach exploits knowledge of pedigree configurations that lead to inbreeding coefficients of F = 0.25 and F = 0.125, allowing for quantification of Pr(I|k): the probability of observing pedigree I given the fraction of known parents (k). We developed analytical expressions under simplifying assumptions that define properties and behavior of inbreeding rate estimators for varying values of k. We demonstrated that inbreeding is overestimated if Pr(I|k) is not taken into consideration and that bias is primarily influenced by k. By contrast, our new estimator, incorporating Pr(I|k), is unbiased over a wide range of values of kthat may be observed in empirical studies. Stochastic computer simulations that allowed complex inter- and intragenerational inbreeding produced similar results. We illustrate the effects that accounting for Pr(I|k) can have in empirical data by revisiting published analyses of Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) and Red deer (Cervus elaphus). Our results demonstrate that incomplete pedigrees are not barriers for quantifying inbreeding in wild populations. Application of our approach will permit a better understanding of the role that inbreeding plays in the dynamics of populations of threatened and endangered species and may help refine our understanding of inbreeding avoidance mechanisms in the wild.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esx032","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Haig, S.M., Ballou, J.D., and Steel, E.A., 2017, Estimating inbreeding rates in natural populations: Addressing the problem of incomplete pedigrees: Journal of Heredity, esc032: 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esx032.","productDescription":"esc032: 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-080816","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469831,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esx032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QR4V85","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data and source code from "Estimating inbreeding rates in natural populations: addressing the problem of incomplete pedigrees""},{"id":341618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59269bb5e4b0b7ff9fb48965","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballou, Jonathan D.","contributorId":192226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballou","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steel, E. 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NASA’s Dawn spacecraft has detected ubiquitous clays, carbonates and other products of aqueous alteration across the surface of Ceres, but surprisingly it has directly observed water ice in only a few areas. Here we use Dawn Framing Camera observations to analyse lobate morphologies on Ceres’ surface and we infer the presence of ice in the upper few kilometres of Ceres. We identify three distinct lobate morphologies that we interpret as surface flows: thick tongue-shaped, furrowed flows on steep slopes; thin, spatulate flows on shallow slopes; and cuspate sheeted flows that appear fluidized. The shapes and aspect ratios of these flows are different from those of dry landslides—including those on ice-poor Vesta—but are morphologically similar to ice-rich flows on other bodies, indicating the involvement of ice. Based on the geomorphology and poleward increase in prevalence of these flows, we suggest that the shallow subsurface of Ceres is comprised of mixtures of silicates and ice, and that ice is most abundant near the poles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/ngeo2936","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, B.E., Hughson, K.H., Chilton, H.T., Scully, J.E., Platz, T., Nathues, A., Sizemore, H., Bland, M.T., Byrne, S., Marchi, S., O'Brien, D., Schorghofer, N., Hiesinger, H., Jaumann, R., Hendrick Pasckert, J., Lawrence, J.D., Buzckowski, D., Castillo-Rogez, J., Sykes, M.V., Schenk, P., DeSanctis, M., Mitri, G., Formisano, M., Li, J., Reddy, V., Le Corre, L., Russell, C.T., and Raymond, C.A., 2017, Geomorphological evidence for ground ice on dwarf planet Ceres: Nature Geoscience, v. 10, p. 338-343, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2936.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"338","endPage":"343","ipdsId":"IP-077292","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a6be4b0b7ff9fb361a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Britney E.","contributorId":167380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Britney","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughson, Kynan H.G.","contributorId":192186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughson","given":"Kynan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.G.","affiliations":[{"id":32998,"text":"Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chilton, Heather T.","contributorId":192187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chilton","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scully, Jennifer E. 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702
The Puget Sound Basin, Washington, has experienced rapid urban growth in recent decades, with varying impacts to local ecosystems and natural resources. To plan for future growth, land managers often use scenarios to assess how the pattern and volume of growth may affect natural resources. Using three different land-management scenarios for the years 2000–2060, we assessed various spatial patterns of urban growth relative to maps depicting a model-based characterization of the ecological integrity and recent development pressure of individual land parcels. The three scenarios depict future trajectories of land-use change under alternative management strategies—status quo, managed growth, and unconstrained growth. The resulting analysis offers a preliminary assessment of how future growth patterns in the Puget Sound Basin may impact land targeted for conservation and how short-term metrics of land-development pressure compare to longer term growth projections.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171057","usgsCitation":"Villarreal, M.L., Labiosa, W.B, and Aiello, D., 2017, Evaluating land-use change scenarios for the Puget Sound Basin, Washington, within the ecosystem recovery target model-based framework: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1057, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171057.","productDescription":"v, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079393","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341557,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1057/ofr20171057.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1057"},{"id":341556,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1057/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.068359375,\n 46.5\n ],\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 46.5\n ],\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -125.068359375,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -125.068359375,\n 46.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Western Geographic Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 531
Menlo Park, CA 94025
In 2014 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) entered into Intra-agency agreement M13PG00037 to map an area of the Oregon Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) off of Coos Bay, Oregon, under consideration for development of a floating wind energy farm. The BOEM requires seafloor mapping and site characterization studies in order to evaluate the impact of seafloor and sub-seafloor conditions on the installation, operation, and structural integrity of proposed renewable energy projects, as well as to assess the potential effects of construction and operations on archaeological resources. The mission of the USGS is to provide geologic, topographic, and hydrologic information that contributes to the wise management of the Nation's natural resources and that promotes the health, safety, and well being of the people. This information consists of maps, databases, and descriptions and analyses of the water, energy, and mineral resources, land surface, underlying geologic structure, and dynamic processes of the earth.
For the Oregon OCS study, the USGS acquired multibeam echo sounder and seafloor video data surrounding the proposed development site, which is 95 km2 in area and 15 miles offshore from Coos Bay. The development site had been surveyed by Solmar Hydro Inc. in 2013 under a contract with WindFloat Pacific. The USGS subsequently produced a bathymetry digital elevation model and a backscatter intensity grid that were merged with existing data collected by the contractor. The merged grids were published along with visual observations of benthic geo-habitat from the video data in an associated USGS data release (Cochrane and others, 2015).
This report includes the results of analysis of the video data conducted by Oregon State University and the geo-habitat interpretation of the multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data conducted by the USGS. MBES data was published in Cochrane and others (2015). Interpretive data associated with this publication is published in Cochrane (2017). All the data is provided as geographic information system (GIS) files that contain both Esri ArcGIS geotiffs or shapefiles. For those who do not own the full suite of Esri GIS and mapping software, the data can be read using Esri ArcReader, a free viewer that is available at http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcreader/index.html (last accessed August 29, 2016). Web services, which consist of standard implementations of ArcGIS representational state transfer (REST) Service and Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) GIS web map service (WMS), also are available for all published GIS data. Web services were created using an ArcGIS service definition file, resulting in data layers that are symbolized as shown on the associated report figures. Both the ArcGIS REST Service and OGC WMS Service include all the individual GIS layers. Data layers are bundled together in a map-area web service; however, each layer can be symbolized and accessed individually after the web service is ingested into a desktop application or web map. Web services enable users to download and view data, as well as to easily add data to their own workflows, using any browser-enabled, standalone or mobile device.
Though the surficial substrate is dominated by combinations of mud and sand substrate, a diverse assortment of geomorphologic features are related to geologic processes—one anticlinal ridge where bedrock is exposed, a slump and associated scarps, and pockmarks. Pockmarks are seen in the form of fields of small pockmarks, a lineation of large pockmarks with methanogenic carbonates, and areas of large pockmarks that have merged into larger variously shaped depressions. The slump appears to have originated at the pockmark lineation. Video-supervised numerical analysis of the MBES backscatter intensity data and vector ruggedness derived from the MBES bathymetry data was used to produce a substrate model called a seafloor character raster for the study area. The seafloor character raster consists of three substrate classes: soft-flat areas, hard-flat areas, and hard-rugged areas. A Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) geoform and substrate map was also produced using depth, slope, and benthic position index classes to delineate geoform boundaries. Seven geoforms were identified in this process, including ridges, slump scars, slump deposits, basins, and pockmarks.
Statistical analysis of the video data for correlations between substrate, depth, and invertebrate assemblages resulted in the identification of seven biomes: three hard-bottom biomes and four softbottom biomes. A similar analysis of vertebrate observations produces a similar set of biomes. The biome between-group dissimilarity was very high or high. Invertebrates alone represent most of the structure of the whole benthic community into different assemblages. A biotope map was generated using the seafloor character raster and the substrate and depth values of the biomes. Hard substrate biotopes were small in size and were located primarily on the ridge and in pockmarks along the pockmark lineation. The soft-bottom bitopes consisted of large contiguous areas delimited by isobaths.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","usgsCitation":"Cochrane, G.R., Hemery, L.G., and Henkel, S.K., 2017, Oregon OCS seafloor mapping: Selected lease blocks relevant to renewable energy: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1045 and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management OCS Study BOEM 2017-018, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171045.","productDescription":"v, 51 p.","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-080496","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438336,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7000069","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Interpretive data release for Oregon OCS Seafloor Mapping: Selected Lease Blocks Relevant to Renewable Energy"},{"id":341588,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1045/ofr20171045.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1045"},{"id":341585,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1045/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2885 Mission St.
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Flood-frequency characteristics for 360 gaged sites on unregulated rural streams in Wisconsin are presented for percent annual exceedance probabilities ranging from 0.2 to 50 using a statewide skewness map developed for this report. Equations of the relations between flood-frequency and drainage-basin characteristics were developed by multiple-regression analyses. Flood-frequency characteristics for ungaged sites on unregulated, rural streams can be estimated by use of the equations presented in this report. The State was divided into eight areas of similar physiographic characteristics. The most significant basin characteristics are drainage area, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, main-channel slope, and several land-use variables. The standard error of prediction for the equation for the 1-percent annual exceedance probability flood ranges from 56 to 70 percent for Wisconsin Streams; these values are larger than results presented in previous reports. The increase in the standard error of prediction is likely due to increased variability of the annual-peak discharges, resulting in increased variability in the magnitude of flood peaks at higher frequencies. For regulated streams, a graphical method for estimating flood-frequency characteristics was developed from the relations of discharge and drainage area for selected annual exceedance probabilities. Graphs for the major regulated streams in Wisconsin are presented in the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Walker, J.F., Peppler, M.C., Danz, M.E., and Hubbard, L.E., 2017, Flood-frequency characteristics of Wisconsin streams (ver. 2.2, April 2020): Reston, Virginia, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5140, 33 p., 1 plate, 2 appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165140.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 33 p.; Plate: 24.0 x 35.0 inches; Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079459","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373799,"rank":15,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/VersionHist_ver2.2.txt","text":"Version History","size":"1.06 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2016–5140 Version History"},{"id":373796,"rank":14,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/sir20165140_ver2.2.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.04","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5140"},{"id":345324,"rank":13,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-11.xls","text":"Table 2-11","size":"306 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Drainage-basin characteristics for rural streamflow-gaging stations in Wisconsin"},{"id":345323,"rank":12,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-10.xls","text":"Table 2-10","size":"41 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for selected p-percent annual exceedance probability floods and Water Resources Council estimated statistics for regulated streamflow- gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345322,"rank":11,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-9.xls","text":"Table 2-9","size":"81 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345321,"rank":10,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-8.xls","text":"Table 2-8","size":"81 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 0.5-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345320,"rank":9,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-7.xls","text":"Table 2-7","size":"81 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 1-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345319,"rank":8,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-6.xls","text":"Table 2-6","size":"81 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 2-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345318,"rank":7,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-5.xls","text":"Table 2-5","size":"81 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 4-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345317,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-4.xls","text":"Table 2-4","size":"81 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 10-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345316,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-3.xls","text":"Table 2-3","size":"87 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 20-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345315,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-2.xls","text":"Table 2-2","size":"81 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- Discharges for the 50-percent annual exceedance probability floods for streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin flood-frequency network"},{"id":345314,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5140/appendix2-tables/sir20165140_table2-1.xls","text":"Table 2-1","size":"108 KB xls","linkHelpText":"- General characteristics of the unregulated streamflow-gaging stations in the Wisconsin 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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: May 22, 2017; Version 2.0: August 30, 2017; Version 2.1: December 26, 2017; Version 2.2: April 8, 2020","contact":"Director, Wisconsin Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
In 1972, the governments of Canada and the United States committed to restoring the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of the Laurentian Great Lakes under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Through this framework, the downstream-most section of Eighteenmile Creek, a tributary to the south shore of Lake Ontario in New York, was designated as an Area of Concern (AOC) because water quality and bed sediments were contaminated by past industrial and municipal discharges, waste disposal, and pesticide usage. Five beneficial use impairments (BUIs) have been identified in the AOC including the degradation of the “benthos”, or the benthic macroinvertebrate community. This investigation used sediment toxicity testing and macroinvertebrate community assessments to determine if the toxicity of bed sediments in the AOC differed from that of an unimpacted reference stream. Results from 10-day toxicity tests indicated that survival and growth of the dipteran Chironomus dilutus and the amphipod Hyalella azteca did not differ significantly between sediments from the AOC and reference area. Analyses of benthic macroinvertebrate community integrity and structure also indicated that macroinvertebrate communities, while impacted across most sites on both streams, were generally similar between the AOC and reference area. Despite these findings, the upstream-most AOC site consistently scored poorly in all analyses, which suggests that localized sediment toxicity may exist in the AOC, even if large scale differences between the AOC and a comparable reference stream are minimal.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.01.004","usgsCitation":"George, S.D., Duffy, B.T., and Baldigo, B.P., 2017, Assessing the status of sediment toxicity and macroinvertebrate communities in the Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern, New York: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 3, p. 55-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.01.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"63","ipdsId":"IP-073636","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341531,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Eighteenmile Creek, Oak Orchard Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.760986328125,\n 43.12504316740127\n ],\n [\n -78.05374145507812,\n 43.12504316740127\n ],\n [\n -78.05374145507812,\n 43.410035859164545\n ],\n [\n -78.760986328125,\n 43.410035859164545\n ],\n [\n -78.760986328125,\n 43.12504316740127\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5923f8e0e4b0b7ff9fb2341a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, Scott D. 0000-0002-8197-1866 sgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-1866","contributorId":3014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Scott","email":"sgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duffy, Brian T.","contributorId":6352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191360,"text":"70191360 - 2017 - Distance and environmental difference in alpine plant communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-07T09:11:02","indexId":"70191360","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3059,"text":"Physical Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distance and environmental difference in alpine plant communities","docAbstract":"Differences in plant communities are a response to the abiotic environment, species interactions, and dispersal. The role of geographic distance relative to the abiotic environment is explored for alpine tundra vegetation from 319 plots of four regions along the Rocky Mountain cordillera in the USA. The site by species data were ordinated using nonmetric multidimensional scaling to produce dependent variables for use in best-subsets regression. For independent variables, observations of local topography and microtopography were used as environmental indicators. Two methods of including distance in studies of vegetation and environment are used and contrasted. The relative importance of geographic distance in accounting for the pattern of alpine tundra similarity indicates that location is a factor in plant community composition. Mantel tests provide direct correlations between difference and distance but have known weaknesses. Moran spatial eigenvectors used in regression based approaches have greater geographic specificity, but require another step, ordination, in creating a vegetation variable. While the spatial eigenvectors are generally preferable, where species–environment relations are weak, as seems to be the case for the alpine sites studied here, the fewer abstractions of the Mantel test may be useful.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/02723646.2017.1327284","collaboration":"George Malanson; Dale Zimmerman","usgsCitation":"Malanson, G.P., Zimmerman, D.L., and Fagre, D.B., 2017, Distance and environmental difference in alpine plant communities: Physical Geography, v. 38, no. 6, p. 489-505, https://doi.org/10.1080/02723646.2017.1327284.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"489","endPage":"505","ipdsId":"IP-071595","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain cordillera","volume":"38","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59defc13e4b05fe04ccd3d5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malanson, George P.","contributorId":189162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malanson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Dale L.","contributorId":166811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196785,"text":"70196785 - 2017 - The role of density-dependent and –independent processes in spawning habitat selection by salmon in an Arctic riverscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-01T13:57:59","indexId":"70196785","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of density-dependent and –independent processes in spawning habitat selection by salmon in an Arctic riverscape","docAbstract":"Density-dependent (DD) and density-independent (DI) habitat selection is strongly linked to a species’ evolutionary history. Determining the relative importance of each is necessary because declining populations are not always the result of altered DI mechanisms but can often be the result of DD via a reduced carrying capacity. We developed spatially and temporally explicit models throughout the Chena River, Alaska to predict important DI mechanisms that influence Chinook salmon spawning success. We used resource-selection functions to predict suitable spawning habitat based on geomorphic characteristics, a semi-distributed water-and-energy balance hydrologic model to generate stream flow metrics, and modeled stream temperature as a function of climatic variables. Spawner counts were predicted throughout the core and periphery spawning sections of the Chena River from escapement estimates (DD) and DI variables. Additionally, we used isodar analysis to identify whether spawners actively defend spawning habitat or follow an ideal free distribution along the riverscape. Aerial counts were best explained by escapement and reference to the core or periphery, while no models with DI variables were supported in the candidate set. Furthermore, isodar plots indicated habitat selection was best explained by ideal free distributions, although there was strong evidence for active defense of core spawning habitat. Our results are surprising, given salmon commonly defend spawning resources, and are likely due to competition occurring at finer spatial scales than addressed in this study.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0177467","usgsCitation":"Huntsman, B.M., Falke, J.A., Savereide, J.W., and Bennett, K.E., 2017, The role of density-dependent and –independent processes in spawning habitat selection by salmon in an Arctic riverscape: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 5, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177467.","productDescription":"e0177467; 21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-077611","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177467","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chena River Basin","volume":"12","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee879e4b0da30c1bfc457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntsman, Brock M. 0000-0003-4090-1949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-1949","contributorId":166748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huntsman","given":"Brock","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24497,"text":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falke, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-6670-8250 jfalke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-8250","contributorId":5195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jfalke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savereide, James W.","contributorId":204591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savereide","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, Katrina E.","contributorId":204592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Katrina","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187842,"text":"70187842 - 2017 - Antifungal bacteria on woodland salamander skin exhibit high taxonomic diversity and geographic variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-22T12:49:19","indexId":"70187842","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antifungal bacteria on woodland salamander skin exhibit high taxonomic diversity and geographic variability","docAbstract":"Diverse bacteria inhabit amphibian skin; some of those bacteria inhibit growth of the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Yet there has been no systematic survey of anti-B. dendrobatidis bacteria across localities, species, and elevations. This is important given geographic and taxonomic variations in amphibian susceptibility to B. dendrobatidis. Our collection sites were at locations within the Appalachian Mountains where previous sampling had indicated low B. dendrobatidis prevalence. We determined the numbers and identities of anti-B. dendrobatidis bacteria on 61 Plethodon salamanders (37 P. cinereus, 15 P. glutinosus, 9 P. cylindraceus) via culturing methods and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We sampled co-occurring species at three localities and sampled P. cinereus along an elevational gradient (700 to 1,000 meters above sea level [masl]) at one locality. We identified 50 anti-B. dendrobatidis bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and found that the degree of B. dendrobatidis inhibition was not correlated with relatedness. Five anti-B. dendrobatidis bacterial strains occurred on multiple amphibian species at multiple localities, but none were shared among all species and localities. The prevalence of anti-B. dendrobatidis bacteria was higher at Shenandoah National Park (NP), VA, with 96% (25/26) of salamanders hosting at least one anti-B. dendrobatidis bacterial species compared to 50% (7/14) at Catoctin Mountain Park (MP), MD, and 38% (8/21) at Mt. Rogers National Recreation Area (NRA), VA. At the individual level, salamanders at Shenandoah NP had more anti-B. dendrobatidis bacteria per individual (μ = 3.3) than those at Catoctin MP (μ = 0.8) and at Mt. Rogers NRA (μ = 0.4). All salamanders tested negative for B. dendrobatidis. Anti-B. dendrobatidis bacterial species are diverse in central Appalachian Plethodon salamanders, and their distribution varied geographically. The antifungal bacterial species that we identified may play a protective role for these salamanders.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.00186-17","usgsCitation":"Muletz-Wolz, C., DiRenzo, G.V., Yarwood, S.A., Campbell Grant, E.H., Fleischer, R.C., and Lips, K.R., 2017, Antifungal bacteria on woodland salamander skin exhibit high taxonomic diversity and geographic variability: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 83, no. 9, e00186-17; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00186-17.","productDescription":"e00186-17; 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-075228","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00186-17","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5923f8e0e4b0b7ff9fb2341e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muletz-Wolz, Carly R.","contributorId":192176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muletz-Wolz","given":"Carly R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiRenzo, Graziella V.","contributorId":192177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DiRenzo","given":"Graziella","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yarwood, Stephanie A.","contributorId":192178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yarwood","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleischer, Robert C.","contributorId":105421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7035,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lips, Karen R.","contributorId":26258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lips","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187849,"text":"gip177 - 2017 - Sculpted by water, elevated by earthquakes—The coastal landscape of Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-22T16:54:29","indexId":"gip177","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"177","title":"Sculpted by water, elevated by earthquakes—The coastal landscape of Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska","docAbstract":"Within Glacier Bay National Park in southeastern Alaska, the Fairweather Fault represents the onshore boundary between two of Earth’s constantly moving tectonic plates: the North American Plate and the Yakutat microplate. Satellite measurements indicate that during the past few decades the Yakutat microplate has moved northwest at a rate of nearly 5 centimeters per year relative to the North American Plate. Motion between the tectonic plates results in earthquakes on the Fairweather Fault during time intervals spanning one or more centuries. For example, in 1958, a 260-kilometer section of the Fairweather Fault ruptured during a magnitude 7.8 earthquake, causing permanent horizontal (as much as 6.5 meters) and vertical (as much as 1 meter) displacement of the ground surface across the fault. Thousands to millions of years of tectonic plate motion, including earthquakes like the one in 1958, raised and shifted the ground surface across the Fairweather Fault, while rivers, glaciers, and ocean waves eroded and sculpted the surrounding landscape along the Gulf of Alaska coast in Glacier Bay National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip177","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory and the National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping","usgsCitation":"Witter, R.C., LeWinter, A., Bender, A., Glennie, C., and Finnegan, D., 2017, Sculpted by water, elevated by earthquakes—The coastal landscape of Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 177, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip177.","productDescription":"Poster: 50.04 x 40.68 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-082030","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438337,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7W094D4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital Elevation Models of Glacier Bay National Park, Between Lituya Bay and Icy Point, Alaska, Derived from Airborne Lidar Data Acquired in September 2015"},{"id":341543,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/177/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":341544,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/177/gip177.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 177"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacial Bay National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -137.97454833984375,\n 58.21413156442685\n ],\n [\n -135.966796875,\n 58.21413156442685\n ],\n [\n -135.966796875,\n 58.9202457956557\n ],\n [\n -137.97454833984375,\n 58.9202457956557\n ],\n [\n -137.97454833984375,\n 58.21413156442685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Alaska Science Center
Alaska Mineral Resources
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Dr.
Anchorage, AK 99508
The effectiveness of an acoustic barrier to deter the movement of silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes) and bighead carp, H. nobilis (Richardson) was evaluated. A pond (10 m × 5 m × 1.2 m) was divided in half by a concrete-block barrier with a channel (1 m across) allowing fish access to each side. Underwater speakers were placed on each side of the barrier opening, and an outboard motor noise (broadband sound; 0.06–10 kHz) was broadcast to repel carp that approached within 1 m of the channel. Broadband sound was effective at reducing the number of successful crossings in schools of silver carp, bighead carp and a combined school. Repulsion rates were 82.5% (silver carp), 93.7% (bighead carp) and 90.5% (combined). This study demonstrates that broadband sound is effective in deterring carp and could be used as a deterrent in an integrated pest management system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fme.12220","usgsCitation":"Murchy, K., Cupp, A.R., Amberg, J., Vetter, B.J., Fredricks, K.T., Gaikowski, M., and Mensinger, A.F., 2017, Potential implications of acoustic stimuli as a non-physical barrier to silver carp and bighead carp: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 24, no. 3, p. 208-216, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12220.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"216","ipdsId":"IP-067182","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5923f8e2e4b0b7ff9fb23422","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murchy, Kelsie 0000-0003-3034-3488 kmurchy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-3488","contributorId":189376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchy","given":"Kelsie","email":"kmurchy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amberg, Jon 0000-0002-8351-4861 jamberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-4861","contributorId":149785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vetter, Brooke J.","contributorId":189377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vetter","given":"Brooke","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fredricks, Kim T. 0000-0003-2363-7891 kfredricks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2363-7891","contributorId":173994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredricks","given":"Kim","email":"kfredricks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":149357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mensinger, Allen F.","contributorId":150852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mensinger","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188608,"text":"70188608 - 2017 - Methane fluxes from tropical coastal lagoons surrounded bymangroves, Yucatán, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-16T15:17:01","indexId":"70188608","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane fluxes from tropical coastal lagoons surrounded bymangroves, Yucatán, Mexico","docAbstract":"Methane concentrations in the water column and emissions to the atmosphere were determined for three tropical coastal lagoons surrounded by mangrove forests on the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Surface water dissolved methane was sampled at different seasons over a period of 2 years in areas representing a wide range of salinities and anthropogenic impacts. The highest surface water methane concentrations (up to 8378 nM) were measured in a polluted canal associated with Terminos Lagoon. In Chelem Lagoon, methane concentrations were typically lower, except in the polluted harbor area (1796 nM). In the relatively pristine Celestún Lagoon, surface water methane concentrations ranged from 41 to 2551 nM. Methane concentrations were negatively correlated with salinity in Celestún, while in Chelem and Terminos high methane concentrations were associated with areas of known pollution inputs, irrespective of salinity. The diffusive methane flux from surface lagoon water to the atmosphere ranged from 0.0023 to 15 mmol CH4 m−2 d−1. Flux chamber measurements revealed that direct methane release as ebullition was up to 3 orders of magnitude greater than measured diffusive flux. Coastal mangrove lagoons may therefore be an important natural source of methane to the atmosphere despite their relatively high salinity. Pollution inputs are likely to substantially enhance this flux. Additional statistically rigorous data collected globally are needed to better consider methane fluxes from mangrove-surrounded coastal areas in response to sea level changes and anthropogenic pollution in order to refine projections of future atmospheric methane budgets.
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We explored whether environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis might prove useful for determining the species of salmon redds. We collected eDNA samples from the interstitial spaces of redds of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, redds of Coho Salmon O. kisutch, and areas of undisturbed gravel (n = 10, each), as well as from the water column adjacent to each of those sites in the Sandy River basin, Oregon, USA during the fall of 2013. The concentrations of Chinook and Coho eDNA were quantified within each sample using real-time PCR. The water in the interstitial spaces of redds contained significantly higher eDNA concentrations of the species that made the redd than (1) the other species and (2) the adjacent water column. In contrast, neither Chinook nor Coho eDNA was significantly more concentrated than the other in the water from the interstitial spaces of undisturbed gravel. The interstitial water of undisturbed gravel contained significantly higher eDNA concentrations of Coho than the adjacent water column. In contrast, Chinook eDNA concentration was similar in the interstitial water of undisturbed gravel and the adjacent water column. Both species’ redds had significantly higher concentrations of their respective species’ eDNA than did undisturbed gravel, but conclusions were confounded by differences in the timing and locations of sampling. This initial investigation highlights the potential value and some of the complexity of using eDNA analysis to indicate redd species.
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U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 516
Reston, VA 20192
In Dixie Valley, Nevada, an isolated population of toads has been the subject of proactive conservation measures by the Nevada Department of Wildlife and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service since 2008 due to concerns about potential habitat degradation resulting from exploitation of nearby geothermal energy resources. These toads appear to belong within the Anaxyrus boreas species group but are commonly referred to as Dixie Valley toads (DVTs). The DVT is currently confined to an extremely narrow habitat range (370 ha) that is geographically isolated from any other A. boreas population. In this study, genetic variations in mitochondrial genes and 11 microsatellite loci were used to assess the affinities of DVTs in relation to members of the A. boreas species group. We compared results from DVTs with previously published data spanning much of the range of A. boreas in the United States and new data from a nearby toad population within Dixie Valley. Data from both mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites placed DVTs inside the A. boreas species group. In particular, DVTs fell into a cluster of A. boreas from Washington and California, along with other species from the A. boreas species group, namely A. nelsoni, A. canorus, and A. exsul. Genetic differentiation of DVTs was lowest between A. boreas populations in Washington and California. However, allele frequencies were significantly different between DVTs and all other populations, including a nearby locality within Dixie Valley. This genetic differentiation, along with the DVT's geographical isolation and restricted habitat, warrants recognition of the DVT as a distinct management unit.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3398/064.077.0204","usgsCitation":"Forrest, M.J., Stiller, J., King, T.L., and Rouse, G., 2017, Between hot rocks and dry places: The status of the Dixie Valley toad: Western North American Naturalist, v. 77, no. 2, p. 162-175, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.077.0204.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"175","ipdsId":"IP-082373","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol77/iss2/3","text":"External Repository"},{"id":376951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Dixie Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.19366455078125,\n 39.42346418978382\n ],\n [\n -117.94097900390625,\n 39.57605638518604\n ],\n [\n -117.55920410156249,\n 40.13269100586688\n ],\n [\n -117.58392333984375,\n 40.373751366720505\n ],\n [\n -117.6910400390625,\n 40.386304853509046\n ],\n [\n -117.79541015625001,\n 40.25437660372649\n ],\n [\n -117.88330078125,\n 40.000267972646796\n ],\n [\n -118.20465087890625,\n 39.75576851405812\n ],\n [\n -118.25408935546875,\n 39.55700068337126\n ],\n [\n -118.30352783203125,\n 39.49556336059472\n ],\n [\n -118.21563720703124,\n 39.42134249546523\n ],\n [\n -118.19366455078125,\n 39.42346418978382\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forrest, Matthew J.","contributorId":8383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forrest","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stiller, Josefin","contributorId":236901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stiller","given":"Josefin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47561,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Tim L. tlking@usgs.gov","contributorId":3520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"tlking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rouse, Greg","contributorId":169158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rouse","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6728,"text":"Scripps Inst Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187478,"text":"ofr20171053 - 2017 - Community for Data Integration 2016 annual report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-22T15:55:18.055181","indexId":"ofr20171053","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-19T00:13:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1053","title":"Community for Data Integration 2016 annual report","docAbstract":"The Community for Data Integration (CDI) represents a dynamic community of practice focused on advancing science data and information management and integration capabilities across the U.S. Geological Survey and the CDI community. This annual report describes the various presentations, activities, and outcomes of the CDI monthly forums, working groups, virtual training series, and other CDI-sponsored events in fiscal year 2016. The report also describes the objectives and accomplishments of the 13 CDI-funded projects in fiscal year 2016.
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12201 Sunrise Valley Drive,
Reston, VA 20192
The aquatic food web of the Great Lakes has been contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) since the mid-20th century. Threats of PCB exposures to long-lived species of fish, such as lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), have been uncertain because of a lack of information on the relative sensitivity of the species. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the sensitivity of early–life stage lake sturgeon to 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-126) or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure. Mortality, growth, morphological and tissue pathologies, swimming performance, and activity levels were used as assessment endpoints. Pericardial and yolk sac edema, tubular heart, yolk sac hemorrhaging, and small size were the most commonly observed pathologies in both TCDD and PCB-126 exposures, beginning as early as 4 d postfertilization, with many of these pathologies occurring in a dose-dependent manner. Median lethal doses for PCB-126 and TCDD in lake sturgeon were 5.4 ng/g egg (95% confidence interval, 3.9–7.4 ng/g egg) and 0.61 ng/g egg (0.47–0.82 ng/g egg), respectively. The resulting relative potency factor for PCB-126 (0.11) was greater than the World Health Organization estimate for fish (toxic equivalency factor = 0.005), suggesting that current risk assessments may underestimate PCB toxicity toward lake sturgeon. Swimming activity and endurance were reduced in lake sturgeon survivors from the median lethal doses at 60 d postfertilization. Threshold and median toxicity values indicate that lake sturgeon, like other Acipenser species, are more sensitive to PCB and TCDD than the other genus of sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus, found in North America. Indeed, lake sturgeon populations in the Great Lakes and elsewhere are susceptible to PCB/TCDD-induced developmental toxicity in embryos and reductions in swimming performance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.3614","usgsCitation":"Tillitt, D.E., Buckler, J.A., Nicks, D., Candrl, J., Claunch, R., Gale, R.W., Puglis, H.J., Little, E.E., Linbo, T.L., and Baker, M., 2017, Sensitivity of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) early life stages to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-P-dioxin and 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 36, no. 4, p. 988-998, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3614.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"988","endPage":"998","ipdsId":"IP-075023","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/50789","text":"External Repository"},{"id":341522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59200447e4b0ac16dbdeb772","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckler, Justin A.","contributorId":192164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buckler","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nicks, Diane 0000-0001-8080-2449 dnicks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8080-2449","contributorId":4299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicks","given":"Diane","email":"dnicks@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Candrl, James 0000-0002-1464-2931 jcandrl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1464-2931","contributorId":192165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Candrl","given":"James","email":"jcandrl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Claunch, Rachel 0000-0003-1762-2175 rclaunch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-2175","contributorId":182424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claunch","given":"Rachel","email":"rclaunch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gale, Robert W. 0000-0002-8533-141X rgale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8533-141X","contributorId":2808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gale","given":"Robert","email":"rgale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Puglis, Holly J. 0000-0002-3090-6597 hpuglis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3090-6597","contributorId":4686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puglis","given":"Holly","email":"hpuglis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Little, Edward E. 0000-0003-0034-3639 elittle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0034-3639","contributorId":1746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"Edward","email":"elittle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Linbo, Tiffany L.","contributorId":192166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linbo","given":"Tiffany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Baker, Mary","contributorId":192167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70139441,"text":"70139441 - 2017 - Map projections and the Internet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T19:28:58.81488","indexId":"70139441","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"4","title":"Map projections and the Internet","docAbstract":"The field of map projections can be described as mathematical, static, and challenging. However, this description is evolving in concert with the development of the Internet. The Internet has enabled new outlets for software applications, learning, and interaction with and about map projections . This chapter examines specific ways in which the Internet has moved map projections from a relatively obscure paper-based setting to a more engaging and accessible online environment. After a brief overview of map projections, this chapter discusses four perspectives on how map projections have been integrated into the Internet. First, map projections and their role in web maps and mapping services is examined. Second, an overview of online atlases and the map projections chosen for their maps is presented. Third, new programming languages and code libraries that enable map projections to be included in mapping applications are reviewed. Fourth, the Internet has facilitated map projection education and research especially with the map reader’s comprehension and understanding of complex topics like map projection distortion is discussed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Choosing a map projection","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Cham, Switzerland","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-51835-0_4","isbn":"978-3-319-51834-3","usgsCitation":"Kessler, F., Battersby, S.E., Finn, M.P., and Clarke, K., 2017, Map projections and the Internet, chap. 4 of Choosing a map projection, p. 117-148, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51835-0_4.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"148","ipdsId":"IP-062186","costCenters":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5920044ae4b0ac16dbdeb787","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kessler, Fritz","contributorId":138942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kessler","given":"Fritz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12588,"text":"Frostburg State University/ Department of Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battersby, Sarah E.","contributorId":138943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battersby","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12589,"text":"University of South Carolina/ Department of Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finn, Michael P. 0000-0003-0415-2194 mfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-2194","contributorId":2657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Michael","email":"mfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clarke, Keith","contributorId":13861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}