{"pageNumber":"987","pageRowStart":"24650","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":79935,"text":"sir20065303 - 2006 - Geochemical Characterization of Mine Waste, Mine Drainage, and Stream Sediments at the Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site, Orange County, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T10:39:14","indexId":"sir20065303","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5303","title":"Geochemical Characterization of Mine Waste, Mine Drainage, and Stream Sediments at the Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site, Orange County, Vermont","docAbstract":"The Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site in the Vermont copper belt consists of the abandoned Smith, Eureka, and Union mines, all of which exploited Besshi-type massive sulfide deposits. The site was listed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Priorities List in 2004 due to aquatic ecosystem impacts. This study was intended to be a precursor to a formal remedial investigation by the USEPA, and it focused on the characterization of mine waste, mine drainage, and stream sediments. A related study investigated the effects of the mine drainage on downstream surface waters. The potential for mine waste and drainage to have an adverse impact on aquatic ecosystems, on drinking- water supplies, and to human health was assessed on the basis of mineralogy, chemical concentrations, acid generation, and potential for metals to be leached from mine waste and soils. The results were compared to those from analyses of other Vermont copper belt Superfund sites, the Elizabeth Mine and Ely Copper Mine, to evaluate if the waste material at the Pike Hill Copper Mine was sufficiently similar to that of the other mine sites that USEPA can streamline the evaluation of remediation technologies. Mine-waste samples consisted of oxidized and unoxidized sulfidic ore and waste rock, and flotation-mill tailings. These samples contained as much as 16 weight percent sulfides that included chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and sphalerite. During oxidation, sulfides weather and may release potentially toxic trace elements and may produce acid. In addition, soluble efflorescent sulfate salts were identified at the mines; during rain events, the dissolution of these salts contributes acid and metals to receiving waters. Mine waste contained concentrations of cadmium, copper, and iron that exceeded USEPA Preliminary Remediation Goals. The concentrations of selenium in mine waste were higher than the average composition of eastern United States soils. Most mine waste was potentially acid generating because of paste-pH values of less than 4 and negative net-neutralization potentials (NNP). The processed flotation-mill tailings, however, had a near neutral paste pH, positive NNP, and a few weight percent calcite. Leachate tests indicated that elements and compounds such as Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, SO4, and Zn were leached from mine waste in concentrations that exceeded aquatic ecosystem and drinking-water standards. Mine waste from the Pike Hill mines was chemically and mineralogically similar to that from the Elizabeth and Ely mines. In addition, metals were leached and acid was produced from mine waste from the Pike Hill mines in comparable concentrations to those from the Elizabeth and Ely mines, although the host rock of the Pike Hill deposits contains significant amounts of carbonate minerals and, thus, a greater acid-neutralizing capacity when compared to the host rocks of the Elizabeth and Ely deposits.\r\n\r\nWater samples collected from unimpacted parts of the Waits River watershed generally contained lower amounts of metals compared to water samples from mine drainage, were alkaline, and had a neutral pH, which was likely because of calcareous bedrock. Seeps and mine pools at the mine site had acidic to neutral pH, ranged from oxic to anoxic, and generally contained concentrations of metals, for example, aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc, that exceeded aquatic toxicity standards or drinking-water standards, or both. Surface waters directly downstream of the Eureka and Union mines were acidic, as indicated by pH values from 3.1 to 4.2, and contained high concentrations of some elements including as much as 11,400 micrograms per liter (?g/L) Al, as much as 22.9 ?g/L Cd, as much as 6,790 ?g/L Cu, as much as 23,300 ?g/L Fe, as much as 1,400 ?g/L Mn, and as much as 3,570 ?g/L Zn. The concentrations of these elements exceeded water-quality guidelines. Generally, in surface waters, the pH increased and the concentrations of these elemen","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065303","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Piatak, N., Seal, R., Hammarstrom, J.M., Kiah, R.G., Deacon, J.R., Adams, M., Anthony, M.W., Briggs, P.H., and Jackson, J.C., 2006, Geochemical Characterization of Mine Waste, Mine Drainage, and Stream Sediments at the Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site, Orange County, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5303, viii, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065303.","productDescription":"viii, 120 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9656,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5303/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae9bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M.","contributorId":23621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiah, Richard G. 0000-0001-6236-2507 rkiah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-2507","contributorId":2637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiah","given":"Richard","email":"rkiah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deacon, Jeffrey R. 0000-0001-5793-6940 jrdeacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-6940","contributorId":2786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deacon","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrdeacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adams, Monique madams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Monique","email":"madams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anthony, Michael W. manthony@usgs.gov","contributorId":1232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Michael","email":"manthony@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":30973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jackson, John C. jjackson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"John","email":"jjackson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":79927,"text":"sim2871 - 2006 - Geologic Map of the Upper Wolf Island Creek Watershed, Reidsville Area, Rockingham County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"sim2871","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2871","title":"Geologic Map of the Upper Wolf Island Creek Watershed, Reidsville Area, Rockingham County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"This geologic map provides a foundation for hydrogeologic investigations in the Reidsville area of Rockingham County, north-central North Carolina. The 16-mi2 area within the Southeast Eden and Reidsville 7.5-min quadrangles includes the watershed of Wolf Island Creek and its tributary, Carroll Creek, upstream of their confluence.\r\n\r\nLayered metamorphic rocks in this area of the Milton terrane, here informally named the Chinqua-Penn metamorphic suite, include a heterogeneous mica gneiss and schist unit that contains interlayers and lenses of white-mica schist, felsic gneiss, amphibolite, and ultramafic rock; a felsic gneiss that contains interlayers of amphibolite, white-mica schist, and minor ultramafic lenses; and a migmatitic biotite gneiss. Crushed stone is produced from an active quarry in the felsic gneiss. Igneous intrusive rocks include a mafic-ultramafic assemblage that may have originated as mafic intrusive bodies containing ultramafic cumulates, a foliated two-mica granite informally named the granite of Reidsville, and unmetamorphosed Jurassic diabase dikes. The newly recognized Carroll Creek shear zone strikes roughly east-west and separates heterogeneous mica gneiss and schist to the north from structurally overlying felsic gneiss to the south.\r\n\r\nRegional amphibolite-facies metamorphism accompanied polyphase ductile deformation in the metamorphic rocks. Two phases of isoclinal to tight folding and related penetrative deformation, described as D1 and D2, were followed by phases of high-strain mylonitic deformation in shear zones and late gentle to open folding. Later brittle deformation produced minor faults, steep joints, foliation-parallel parting, and sheeting joints.\r\n\r\nThe metamorphic and igneous rocks are mantled by saprolite and residual soil derived from weathering of the underlying bedrock, and unconsolidated Quaternary alluvium occupies the flood plains of Wolf Island Creek and its tributaries.\r\n\r\nThe geologic map delineates lithologic and structural features that may act as barriers or conduits for ground-water flow. It provides a hydrogeologic framework for the upper Wolf Island Creek drainage basin, including coreholes and ground-water monitoring wells along two transects. Collaborative hydrogeologic investigations by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey are in progress to increase understanding of the influence of geological features on ground-water quality, availability, and transport in an area representative of large areas in the west-central Piedmont.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim2871","isbn":"060796443X","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality ","usgsCitation":"Horton, J., and Geddes, D.J., 2006, Geologic Map of the Upper Wolf Island Creek Watershed, Reidsville Area, Rockingham County, North Carolina (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2871, Map: 40 x 30 inches; Text: iv, 14 p.; ReadMe; Data Files; Metadata; Also available on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2871.","productDescription":"Map: 40 x 30 inches; Text: iv, 14 p.; ReadMe; Data Files; Metadata; Also available on CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110753,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82809.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"82809"},{"id":194719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9757,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2871/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.75,36.333333333333336 ], [ -79.75,36.43333333333333 ], [ -79.61749999999999,36.43333333333333 ], [ -79.61749999999999,36.333333333333336 ], [ -79.75,36.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8438","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geddes, Donald J. Jr.","contributorId":104991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geddes","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79840,"text":"sir20065189 - 2006 - Areal distribution and concentration of contaminants of concern in surficial streambed and lakebed sediments, Lake St. Clair and tributaries, Michigan, 1990-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T10:10:05","indexId":"sir20065189","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5189","title":"Areal distribution and concentration of contaminants of concern in surficial streambed and lakebed sediments, Lake St. Clair and tributaries, Michigan, 1990-2003","docAbstract":"<p class=\"body\">As part of the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project, the U.S. Geological Survey evaluated data collected from surficial streambed and lakebed sediments in the Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair drainages. This study incorporates data collected from 1990 through 2003 and focuses primarily on the U.S. part of the Lake St. Clair Basin, including Lake St. Clair, the St. Clair River, and tributaries to Lake St. Clair. Comparable data from the Canadian part of the study area are included where available. The data are compiled into 4 chemical classes and consist of 21 compounds. The data are compared to effects-based sediment-quality guidelines, where the Threshold Effect Level and Lowest Effect Level represent concentrations below which adverse effects on biota are not expected and the Probable Effect Level and Severe Effect Level represent concentrations above which adverse effects on biota are expected to be frequent.</p><p class=\"body\">Maps in the report show the spatial distribution of the sampling locations and illustrate the concentrations relative to the selected sediment-quality guidelines. These maps indicate that sediment samples from certain areas routinely had contaminant concentrations greater than the Threshold Effect Concentration or Lowest Effect Level. These locations are the upper reach of the St. Clair River, the main stem and mouth of the Clinton River, Big Beaver Creek, Red Run, and Paint Creek. Maps also indicated areas that routinely contained sediment contaminant concentrations that were greater than the Probable Effect Concentration or Severe Effect Level. These locations include the upper reach of the St. Clair River, the main stem and mouth of the Clinton River, Red Run, within direct tributaries along Lake St. Clair and in marinas within the lake, and within the Clinton River headwaters in Oakland County.</p><p class=\"body\">Although most samples collected within Lake St. Clair were from sites adjacent to the mouths of its tributaries, samples analyzed for trace-element concentrations were collected throughout the lake. The distribution of trace-element concentrations corresponded well with the results of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of flow patterns from the Clinton River into Lake St. Clair. The model was developed independent from the bed sediment analysis described in this report; yet it showed a zone of deposition for outflow from the Clinton River into Lake St. Clair that corresponded well with the spatial distribution of trace-element concentrations. This zone runs along the western shoreline of Lake St. Clair from L'Anse Creuse Bay to St. Clair Shores, Michigan and is reflected in the samples analyzed for mercury and cadmium.</p><p class=\"body\">Statistical summaries of the concentration data are presented for most contaminants, and selected statistics are compared to effects-based sediment-quality guidelines. Summaries were not computed for dieldrin, chlordane, hexachlorocyclohexane, lindane, and mirex because insufficient data are available for these contaminants. A statistical comparison showed that the median concentration for hexachlorobenzene, anthracene, benz[<i>a</i>]anthracene, chrysene, and pyrene are greater than the Threshold Effect Concentration or Lowest Effect Level.</p><p class=\"body\">Probable Effect Concentration Quotients provide a mechanism for comparing the concentrations of contaminant mixtures against effects-based biota data. Probable Effect Concentration Quotients were calculated for individual samples and compared to effects-based toxicity ranges. The toxicity-range categories used in this study were nontoxic (quotients &lt; 0.5) and toxic (quotients &gt; 0.5). Of the 546 individual samples for which Probable Effect Concentration Quotients were calculated, 469 (86 percent) were categorized as being nontoxic and 77 (14 percent) were categorized as being toxic. Bed-sediment samples with toxic Probable Effect Concentration Quotients were collected from Paint Creek, Galloway Creek, the main stem of the Clinton River, Big Beaver Creek, Red Run, Clinton River towards the mouth, Lake St. Clair along the western shore, and the St. Clair River near Sarnia.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065189","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project","usgsCitation":"Rachol, C.M., and Button, D.T., 2006, Areal distribution and concentration of contaminants of concern in surficial streambed and lakebed sediments, Lake St. Clair and tributaries, Michigan, 1990-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5189, vi, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065189.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p.","temporalStart":"1990-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333691,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9540,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              43.45\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              42.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.333333,\n              42.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.333333,\n              43.45\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              43.45\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673e70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rachol, Cynthia M. 0000-0001-9984-3435 crachol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":3488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"Cynthia","email":"crachol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Button, Daniel T. 0000-0002-7479-884X dtbutton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-884X","contributorId":2084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Button","given":"Daniel","email":"dtbutton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79841,"text":"fs20063053 - 2006 - Genetics/Genomics Research in the Central Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:19","indexId":"fs20063053","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3053","title":"Genetics/Genomics Research in the Central Region","docAbstract":"Genetics-based research within the Biological Resources Discipline (BRD) Science Centers in the Central Region incorporates many aspects of the field of genetics. Research activities range from documenting patterns of genetic variation in order to investigate relationships among species, populations and individuals to investigating the structure, function and expression of genes and their response to environmental stressors. Research in the broad areas of genetics requires multidisciplinary expertise and specialized equipment and instrumentation. Brief summaries of the capabilities of the five BRD Centers are given below.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20063053","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Genetics/Genomics Research in the Central Region: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3053, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063053.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":172,"text":"Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3053.jpg"},{"id":9541,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://biology.usgs.gov/cro/Fact%20Sheets/CR-Genetics.pdf","size":"522","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aea32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79833,"text":"ofr20061260B - 2006 - Surficial geologic map of the Salem Depot-Newburyport East-Wilmington-Rockport 16-quadrangle area in northeast Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T20:30:00.407327","indexId":"ofr20061260B","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1260","chapter":"B","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Salem Depot-Newburyport East-Wilmington-Rockport 16-quadrangle area in northeast Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The surficial geologic map shows the distribution of nonlithified earth materials at land surface in an area of 16 7.5-minute quadrangles (total 658 mi2) in northeast Massachusetts. The geologic map differentiates surficial materials of Quaternary age on the basis of their lithologic characteristics (grain size, sedimentary structures, mineral and rock-particle composition), constructional geomorphic features, stratigraphic relationships, and age. Surficial earth materials significantly affect human use of the land, and an accurate description of their distribution is particularly important for water resources, construction aggregate resources, earth-surface hazards assessments, and land-use decisions. This compilation of surficial geologic materials is an interim product that defines the areas of exposed bedrock, and the boundaries between glacial till, glacial stratified deposits, and overlying postglacial deposits. This work is part of a comprehensive study to produce a statewide digital map of the surficial geology at a 1:24,000-scale level of accuracy. This report includes explanatory text (PDF), a regional map at 1:50,000 scale (PDF), quadrangle maps at 1:24,000 scale (PDF files), GIS data layers (ArcGIS shapefiles), metadata for the GIS layers, scanned topographic base maps (TIF), and a readme.txt file.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061260B","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Office of the State Geologist and Executive Office of Environmental Affairs","usgsCitation":"Stone, B.D., Stone, J., and DiGiacomo-Cohen, M.L., 2006, Surficial geologic map of the Salem Depot-Newburyport East-Wilmington-Rockport 16-quadrangle area in northeast Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1260, HTML Dcoument, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061260B.","productDescription":"HTML Dcoument","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9527,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1260/B/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110725,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81194.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81194"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Salem Depot - Newburyport East - Wilmington - Rockport 16-quadrangle area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.25,\n              42.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5739,\n              42.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5739,\n              42.8867\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.25,\n              42.8867\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.25,\n              42.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68961e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Janet Radway","contributorId":72793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Janet Radway","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DiGiacomo-Cohen, Mary L.","contributorId":45253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo-Cohen","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79827,"text":"ds195 - 2006 - USGS Streamgages Linked to the Medium Resolution NHD","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"ds195","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"195","title":"USGS Streamgages Linked to the Medium Resolution NHD","docAbstract":"The locations of approximately 23,000 current and historical U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages in the United States and Puerto Rico (with the exception of Alaska) have been snapped to the medium resolution National Hydrography Dataset (NHD).  The NHD contains geospatial information about mapped surface-water features, such as streams, lakes, and reservoirs, etc., creating a hydrologic network that can be used to determine what is upstream or downstream from a point of interest on the NHD network. An automated snapping process made the initial determination of the NHD location of each streamgage. These initial NHD locations were comprehensively reviewed by local USGS personnel to ensure that streamgages were snapped to the correct NHD reaches. About 75 percent of the streamgages snapped to the appropriate NHD reach location initially and 25 percent required adjustment and relocation.  This process resulted in approximately 23,000 gages being successfully snapped to the NHD.\r\n\r\nThis dataset contains the latitude and longitude coordinates of the point on the NHD to which the streamgage is snapped and the location of the gage house for each streamgage. A process known as indexing may be used to create reference points (event tables) to the NHD reaches, expressed as a reach code and measure (distance along the reach). Indexing is dependent on the version of NHD to which the indexing is referenced. These data are well suited for use in indexing because nearly all the streamgage NHD locations have been reviewed and adjusted if necessary, to ensure they will index to the appropriate NHD reach.\r\n\r\nFlow characteristics were computed from the daily streamflow data recorded at each streamgage for the period of record. The flow characteristics associated with each streamgage include:\r\n\r\n*First date (year, month, day) of streamflow data\r\n*Last date (year, month, day) of streamflow data\r\n*Number of days of streamflow data\r\n*Number of days of non-zero streamflow data\r\n*Minimum and maximum daily flow for the period of record (cubic feet per second)\r\n*Percentiles (1, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 75, 80, 90, 95, 99) of daily flow for the period of record (cubic feet per second)\r\n*Average and standard deviation of daily flow for the period of record (cubic feet per second)\r\n*Mean annual base-flow index (BFI) computed for the period of record (fraction, ranging from 0 to 1)\r\n*Year-to-year standard deviation of the annual base-flow index computed for the period of record (fraction)\r\n*Number of years of data used to compute the base-flow index (years)\r\n\r\nThe streamflow data used to compute flow characteristics were copied from the NWIS-Web historical daily discharge archive (nadww01.er.usgs.gov:/www/htdocs/nwisweb/data/discharge) on June 15, 2005.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds195","usgsCitation":"Stewart, D.W., Rea, A., and Wolock, D.M., 2006, USGS Streamgages Linked to the Medium Resolution NHD: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 195, Online Only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds195.","productDescription":"Online Only","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9523,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/streamgages.xml","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db6122cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, David W. dwstewar@usgs.gov","contributorId":2390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"David","email":"dwstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rea, Alan","contributorId":41018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79826,"text":"ds192 - 2006 - Percentage of Probability of Nonpoint-Source Nitrate Contamination of Recently Recharged Ground Water in the High Plains Aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T10:04:25","indexId":"ds192","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"192","title":"Percentage of Probability of Nonpoint-Source Nitrate Contamination of Recently Recharged Ground Water in the High Plains Aquifer","docAbstract":"This raster data set represents the percentage of probability of nonpoint-source nitrate contamination (greater than the proposed background concentration of 4 milligrams per liter (mg/L) as N) of recently (defined as less than 50 years) recharged ground water in the High Plains aquifer of the United States. The High Plains aquifer covers approximately 175,000 square miles in eight States; Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Elevated nitrate concentrations above the background concentration have been detected in recently recharged (less than 50 years) ground water in the High Plains aquifer. This data set is derived from empirical models developed using multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the vulnerability of the High Plains aquifer to nitrate contamination from nonpoint sources. This data set was generated in a geographic information system from these models and represents the spatial extent of vulnerability of nitrate contamination greater than 4 mg/L across the aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds192","usgsCitation":"Qi, S.L., and Gurdak, J., 2006, Percentage of Probability of Nonpoint-Source Nitrate Contamination of Recently Recharged Ground Water in the High Plains Aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 192, Online Only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds192.","productDescription":"Online Only","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9522,"rank":100,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds192_hp_npctprob.xml","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":190778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"projection":"Albers Conical Equal Area","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6886ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qi, Sharon L. 0000-0001-7278-4498 slqi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4498","contributorId":1130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Sharon","email":"slqi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurdak, Jason J.","contributorId":65125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurdak","given":"Jason J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79790,"text":"wdr2006 - 2006 - Water-resources data for the United States: water year 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:12:34","indexId":"wdr2006","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006","title":"Water-resources data for the United States: water year 2006","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data are published annually for use by engineers, scientists, managers, educators, and the general public. These archival products supplement direct access to current and historical water data provided by NWISWeb. Beginning with Water Year 2006, annual water data reports are available as individual electronic Site Data Sheets for the entire Nation for retrieval, download, and localized printing on demand. National distribution includes tabular and map interfaces for search, query, display and download of data. From 1962 until 2005, reports were published by State as paper documents, although most reports since the mid-1990s are also available in electronic form through this web page. Reports prior to 1962 were published in occasional USGS Water-Supply Papers and other reports.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdr2006","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Water-resources data for the United States: water year 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report 2006, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/wdr2006.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-10-01","temporalEnd":"2006-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":634,"text":"Water Resources Program","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science 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,{"id":79800,"text":"sim2804 - 2006 - Geologic Map of the Big Spring Quadrangle, Carter County, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"sim2804","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2804","title":"Geologic Map of the Big Spring Quadrangle, Carter County, Missouri","docAbstract":"The bedrock exposed in the Big Spring quadrangle of Missouri comprises Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician aged dolomite, sandstone, and chert. The sedimentary rocks are nearly flat lying except where they are adjacent to faults. The carbonate rocks are karstified, and the area contains numerous sinkholes, springs, caves, and losing streams.\r\n\r\nThis map is one of several being produced under the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program to provide geologic data applicable to land-use problems in the Ozarks of south-central Missouri. Ongoing and potential industrial and agricultural development in the Ozarks region has presented issues of ground-water quality in karst areas. A national park in this region (Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri) is concerned about the effects of activities in areas outside of their stewardship on the water resources that define the heart of this park. This task applies geologic mapping and karst investigations to address issues surrounding competing land use in south-central Missouri. This task keeps geologists from the USGS associated with the park and allows the park to utilize USGS expertise and aid the NPS on how to effectively use geologic maps for park management. For more information, see: http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/Karst/index.html","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim2804","isbn":"1411309634","usgsCitation":"Weary, D.J., and McDowell, R., 2006, Geologic Map of the Big Spring Quadrangle, Carter County, Missouri (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2804, Map (58 x 42 inches); Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2804.","productDescription":"Map (58 x 42 inches); Data Files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110711,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80754.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"80754"},{"id":194762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9490,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2804/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91,36.8675 ], [ -91,37 ], [ -90.86749999999999,37 ], [ -90.86749999999999,36.8675 ], [ -91,36.8675 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a856f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDowell, Robert C.","contributorId":88345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Robert C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79783,"text":"sir20065270 - 2006 - Methods for Adjusting U.S. Geological Survey Rural Regression Peak Discharges in an Urban Setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:56","indexId":"sir20065270","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5270","title":"Methods for Adjusting U.S. Geological Survey Rural Regression Peak Discharges in an Urban Setting","docAbstract":"A study was conducted of 78 U.S. Geological Survey gaged streams that have been subjected to varying degrees of urbanization over the last three decades. Flood-frequency analysis coupled with nonlinear regression techniques were used to generate a set of equations for converting peak discharge estimates determined from rural regression equations to a set of peak discharge estimates that represent known urbanization. Specifically, urban regression equations for the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year return periods were calibrated as a function of the corresponding rural peak discharge and the percentage of impervious area in a watershed. The results of this study indicate that two sets of equations, one set based on imperviousness and one set based on population density, performed well. Both sets of equations are dependent on rural peak discharges, a measure of development (average percentage of imperviousness or average population density), and a measure of homogeneity of development within a watershed. Average imperviousness was readily determined by using geographic information system methods and commonly available land-cover data. Similarly, average population density was easily determined from census data. Thus, a key advantage to the equations developed in this study is that they do not require field measurements of watershed characteristics as did the U.S. Geological Survey urban equations developed in an earlier investigation.\r\n\r\nDuring this study, the U.S. Geological Survey PeakFQ program was used as an integral tool in the calibration of all equations. The scarcity of historical land-use data, however, made exclusive use of flow records necessary for the 30-year period from 1970 to 2000. Such relatively short-duration streamflow time series required a nonstandard treatment of the historical data function of the PeakFQ program in comparison to published guidelines. Thus, the approach used during this investigation does not fully comply with the guidelines set forth in U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 17B, and modifications may be needed before it can be applied in practice.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065270","usgsCitation":"Moglen, G.E., and Shivers, D.E., 2006, Methods for Adjusting U.S. Geological Survey Rural Regression Peak Discharges in an Urban Setting: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5270, vi, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065270.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9679,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5270/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a0cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moglen, Glenn E.","contributorId":106585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moglen","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":290824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shivers, Dorianne E.","contributorId":106988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shivers","given":"Dorianne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79781,"text":"pp1719 - 2006 - Regional survey of structural properties and cementation patterns of fault zones in the northern part of the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico - Implications for ground-water flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T19:44:46.378885","indexId":"pp1719","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1719","title":"Regional survey of structural properties and cementation patterns of fault zones in the northern part of the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico - Implications for ground-water flow","docAbstract":"Motivated by the need to document and evaluate the types and variability of fault zone properties that potentially affect aquifer systems in basins of the middle Rio Grande rift, we systematically characterized structural and cementation properties of exposed fault zones at 176 sites in the northern Albuquerque Basin. A statistical analysis of measurements and observations evaluated four aspects of the fault zones: (1) attitude and displacement, (2) cement, (3) lithology of the host rock or sediment, and (4) character and width of distinctive structural architectural components at the outcrop scale. Three structural architectural components of the fault zones were observed: (1) outer damage zones related to fault growth; these zones typically contain deformation bands, shear fractures, and open extensional fractures, which strike subparallel to the fault and may promote ground-water flow along the fault zone; (2) inner mixed zones composed of variably entrained, disrupted, and dismembered blocks of host sediment; and (3) central fault cores that accommodate most shear strain and in which persistent low- permeability clay-rich rocks likely impede the flow of water across the fault. The lithology of the host rock or sediment influences the structure of the fault zone and the width of its components. Different grain-size distributions and degrees of induration of the host materials produce differences in material strength that lead to variations in width, degree, and style of fracturing and other fault-related deformation. In addition, lithology of the host sediment appears to strongly control the distribution of cement in fault zones.\r\n\r\nMost faults strike north to north-northeast and dip 55? - 77? east or west, toward the basin center. Most faults exhibit normal slip, and many of these faults have been reactivated by normal-oblique and strike slip. Although measured fault displacements have a broad range, from 0.9 to 4,000 m, most are <100 m, and fault zones appear to have formed mainly at depths less than 1,000 m. Fault zone widths do not exceed 40 m (median width = 15.5 m). The mean width of fault cores (0.1 m) is nearly one order of magnitude less than that of mixed zones (0.75 m) and two orders of magnitude less than that of damage zones (9.7 m).\r\n\r\nCements, a proxy for localized flow of ancient ground water, are common along fault zones in the basin. Silica cements are limited to faults that are near and strike north to northwest toward the Jemez volcanic field north of the basin, whereas carbonate fault cements are widely distributed. Coarse sediments (gravel and sand) host the greatest concentrations of cement within fault zones. Cements fill some extension fractures and, to a lesser degree, are concentrated along shear fractures and deformation bands within inner damage zones. Cements are commonly concentrated in mixed zones and inner damage zones on one side of a fault and thus are asymmetrically distributed within a fault zone, but cement does not consistently lie on the basinward side of faults. From observed spatial patterns of asymmetrically distributed fault zone cements, we infer that ancient ground-water flow was commonly localized along, and bounded by, faults in the basin.\r\n\r\nIt is apparent from our study that the Albuquerque Basin contains a high concentration of faults. The geometry of, internal structure of, and cement and clay distribution in fault zones have created and will continue to create considerable heterogeneity of permeability within the basin aquifers. The characteristics and statistical range of fault zone features appear to be predictable and consistent throughout the basin; this predictability can be used in ground-water flow simulations that consider the influence of faults.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1719","usgsCitation":"Minor, S.A., and Hudson, M., 2006, Regional survey of structural properties and cementation patterns of fault zones in the northern part of the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico - Implications for ground-water flow (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1719, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1719.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":230,"text":"Earth Surface Processes Team - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9481,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1719/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":410961,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81156.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Albuquerque Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.025,\n              35.0428\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.125,\n              35.0428\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.125,\n              35.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.025,\n              35.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.025,\n              35.0428\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c653","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, Mark R. 0000-0003-0338-6079 mhudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-6079","contributorId":1236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Mark R.","email":"mhudson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79779,"text":"pp1731 - 2006 - The Virginia Coastal Plain hydrogeologic framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-25T14:56:17.123371","indexId":"pp1731","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1731","displayTitle":"The Virginia Coastal Plain Hydrogeologic Framework","title":"The Virginia Coastal Plain hydrogeologic framework","docAbstract":"<p>A refined descriptive hydrogeologic framework of the Coastal Plain of eastern Virginia provides a new perspective on the regional ground-water system by incorporating recent understanding gained by discovery of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater and determination of other geological relations. The seaward-thickening wedge of extensive, eastward-dipping strata of largely unconsolidated sediments is classified into a series of 19 hydrogeologic units, based on interpretations of geophysical logs and allied descriptions and analyses from a regional network of 403 boreholes. </p><p>Potomac aquifer sediments of Early Cretaceous age form the primary ground-water supply resource. The Potomac aquifer is designated as a single aquifer because the fine-grained interbeds, which are spatially highly variable and inherently discontinuous, are not sufficiently dense across a continuous expanse to act as regional barriers to ground-water flow. Part of the Potomac aquifer in the outer part of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater consists of megablock beds, which are relatively undeformed internally but are bounded by widely separated faults. The Potomac aquifer is entirely truncated across the inner part of the crater. The Potomac confining zone approximates a transition from the Potomac aquifer to overlying hydrogeologic units. </p><p>New or revised designations of sediments of Late Cretaceous age that are present only south of the James River include the upper Cenomanian confining unit, the Virginia Beach aquifer and confining zone, and the Peedee aquifer and confining zone. The Virginia Beach aquifer is a locally important ground-water supply resource. </p><p>Sediments of late Paleocene to early Eocene age that compose the Aquia aquifer and overlying Nanjemoy-Marlboro confining unit are truncated along the margin of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater. Sediments of late Eocene age compose three newly designated confining units within the crater, which are from bottom to top, the impact-generated Exmore clast and Exmore matrix confining units, and the Chickahominy confining unit. </p><p>Piney Point aquifer sediments of early Eocene to middle Miocene age overlie most of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater and beyond, but are a locally significant ground-water supply resource only outside of the crater across the middle reaches of the Northern Neck, Middle, and York-James Peninsulas. Sediments of middle Miocene to late Miocene age that compose the Calvert confining unit and overlying Saint Marys confining unit effectively separate the underlying Piney Point aquifer and deeper aquifers from overlying shallow aquifers. Saint Marys aquifer sediments of late Miocene age separate the Calvert and Saint Marys confining units across two limited areas only. </p><p>Sediments of the Yorktown-Eastover aquifer of late Miocene to late Pliocene age form the second most heavily used ground-water supply resource. The Yorktown confining zone approximates a transition to the overlying late Pliocene to Holocene sediments of the surficial aquifer, which extends across the entire land surface in the Virginia Coastal Plain and is a moderately used supply. The Yorktown-Eastover aquifer and the eastern part of the surficial aquifer are closely associated across complex and extensive hydraulic connections and jointly compose a shallow, generally semiconfined ground-water system that is hydraulically separated from the deeper system. </p><p>Vertical faults extend from the basement upward through most of the hydrogeologic units but may be more widespread and ubiquitous than recognized herein, because areas of sparse boreholes do not provide adequate spatial control. Hydraulic conductivity probably is decreased locally by disruption of depositional intergranular structure by fault movement in the generally incompetent sediments. Localized fluid flow in open fractures may be unique in the Chickahominy confining unit. Some hydrogeologic units are partly to wholly truncated where displacements are large relative to unit thickness, resulting in lateral flow barriers or flow conduits. </p><p>The tops of the Saint Marys confining unit, YorktownEastover aquifer, and Yorktown confining zone are widely sculpted by erosion that reflects both the present-day topography and buried paleochannels. Fault displacements across the top surfaces of these hydrogeologic units probably have been beveled by erosion. Additionally, erosion has modified the margins of many hydrogeologic units by truncation along the valleys of major rivers and their tributaries, beneath which underlying hydrogeologic units are incised. As a result, the surficial aquifer is in contact with a “patchwork” of underlying hydrogeologic units that create a complex array of hydraulic connections between the confined and unconfined ground-water systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1731","isbn":"1411310659","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"McFarland, R.E., and Scott, B.T., 2006, The Virginia Coastal Plain Hydrogeologic Framework: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1731, Report (x, 119 p.); 25 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1731.","productDescription":"Report ix, 118 p.; 25 Plates: 21.16 x 29.87 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110720,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81146.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81146"},{"id":192448,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9467,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/2006/1731/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Virginia Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.5,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5,\n              38.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d60c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFarland, E. Randolph 0000-0002-4135-6842 ermcfarl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4135-6842","contributorId":195668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"E.","email":"ermcfarl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randolph","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruce, T. Scott","contributorId":197588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruce","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79756,"text":"sir20065150 - 2006 - Organic Compounds and Trace Elements in Fish Tissue and Bed Sediment in the Delaware River Basin, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, and Delaware, 1998-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"sir20065150","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5150","title":"Organic Compounds and Trace Elements in Fish Tissue and Bed Sediment in the Delaware River Basin, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, and Delaware, 1998-2000","docAbstract":"As part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program activities in the Delaware River Basin (DELR), samples of fish tissue from 21 sites and samples of bed sediment from 35 sites were analyzed for a suite of organic compounds and trace elements. The sampling sites, within subbasins ranging in size from 11 to 600 square miles, were selected to represent 5 main land-use categories in the DELR -forest, low-agricultural, agricultural, urban, and mixed use. Samples of both fish tissue and bed sediment were also collected from 4 'large-river' sites that represented drainage areas ranging from 1,300 to 6,800 square miles, areas in which the land is used for a variety of purposes.\r\n\r\nOne or more of the organochlorine compounds-DDT and chlordane metabolites, polychlorinated biphenyls (total PCBs), and dieldrin- were detected frequently in samples collected over a wide geographic area. One or more of these compounds were detected in fish-tissue samples from 92 percent of the sites and in bed-sediment samples from 82 percent of the sites. Concentrations of total DDT, total chlordanes, total PCBs, and dieldrin in whole white suckers and in bed sediment were significantly related to urban/industrial basin characteristics, such as percentage of urban land use and population density.\r\n\r\nSemi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs)-total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total phthalates, and phenols- were detected frequently in bed-sediment samples. All three types of SVOCs were detected in samples from at least one site in each land-use category. The highest detection rates and concentrations typically were in samples from sites in the urban and mixed land-use categories, as well as from the large-river sites. Concentrations of total PAHs and total phthalates in bed-sediment samples were found to be statistically related to percentages of urban land use and to population density in the drainage areas represented by the sampling sites.\r\n\r\nThe samples of fish tissue and bed sediment collected throughout the DELR were analyzed for a large suite of trace elements, but results of the analyses for eight elements-arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, mercury, and zinc- that are considered contaminants of concern are described in this report. One or more of the eight trace elements were detected in samples from every fish tissue and bed-sediment sampling site, and all of the trace elements were detected in samples from 97 percent of the bed-sediment sites.\r\n\r\nThe concentrations of organic compounds and trace elements in the DELR samples were compared to applicable guidelines for the protection of wildlife and other biological organisms. Concentrations of total DDT, total chlordanes, total PCBs, and dieldrin in fish-tissue samples from 14 sites exceeded one or more of the Wildlife Protective Guidelines established by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Concentrations of one or more organic compounds in samples from 16 bed-sediment sites exceeded the Threshold Effects Concentrations (TEC) of the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines, and concentrations of one or more of the eight trace elements in samples from 38 bed-sediment sites exceeded the TEC. (The TEC is the concentration below which adverse biological effects in freshwater ecosystems are expected to be rare.) Concentrations of organic compounds in samples from some bed-sediment sites exceeded the Canadian Probable Effects Concentrations (PEC), and concentrations of trace elements in samples from 18 sites exceeded the PEC. (The PEC is the concentration above which adverse effects to biological organisms are expected to occur frequently).\r\n\r\nConcentrations of organic compounds and trace elements in samples from the DELR were compared to similar data from other NAWQA study units in the northeastern United States and also data from the Mobile River (Alabama) Basin and the Northern Rockies Intermontane Basin study units. Median concentrations of to","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065150","usgsCitation":"Romanok, K., Fischer, J., Riva-Murray, K., Brightbill, R., and Bilger, M., 2006, Organic Compounds and Trace Elements in Fish Tissue and Bed Sediment in the Delaware River Basin, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, and Delaware, 1998-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5150, xii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065150.","productDescription":"xii, 70 p.","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9431,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5150/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.5,39 ], [ -76.5,42.5 ], [ -74,42.5 ], [ -74,39 ], [ -76.5,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aeee4b07f02db691119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romanok, Kristin M. kromanok@usgs.gov","contributorId":3771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanok","given":"Kristin M.","email":"kromanok@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fischer, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2996-9272 fischer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-9272","contributorId":573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jeffrey M.","email":"fischer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riva-Murray, Karen","contributorId":85650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riva-Murray","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brightbill, Robin","contributorId":93150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brightbill","given":"Robin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bilger, Michael","contributorId":33802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bilger","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":79755,"text":"ds123 - 2006 - Organic Compounds, Trace Elements, Suspended Sediment, and Field Characteristics at the Heads-of-Tide of the Raritan, Passaic, Hackensack, Rahway, and Elizabeth Rivers, New Jersey, 2000-03","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:20","indexId":"ds123","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"123","title":"Organic Compounds, Trace Elements, Suspended Sediment, and Field Characteristics at the Heads-of-Tide of the Raritan, Passaic, Hackensack, Rahway, and Elizabeth Rivers, New Jersey, 2000-03","docAbstract":"Concentrations of suspended sediment, particulate and dissolved organic carbon, trace elements, and organic compounds were measured in samples from the heads-of-tide of the five tributaries to the Newark and Raritan Bays during June 2000 to June 2003. The samples were collected as part of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Toxics Reduction Workplan/Contaminant Assessment Reduction Program. Samples of streamwater were collected at water-quality sampling stations constructed near U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations on the Raritan, Passaic, Hackensack, Rahway, and Elizabeth Rivers. Sampling was conducted during base-flow conditions and storms. Constituent concentrations were measured to determine the water quality and to calculate the load of sediment and contaminants contributed to the bays from upstream sources.\r\n\r\nWater samples were analyzed for suspended sediment, dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, and specific conductance. Samples of suspended sediment and water were analyzed for 98 distinct polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, 7 dioxins, 10 furans, 27 pesticides, 26 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and the trace elements cadmium, lead, mercury, and methyl-mercury. Measurements of ultra-low concentrations of organic compounds in sediment and water were obtained by collecting 1 to 3 grams of suspended sediment on glass fiber filters and by passing at least 20 liters of filtered water through XAD-2 resin. The extracted sediment and XAD-2 resin were analyzed for organic compounds by high- and low-resolution gas chromatography mass-spectrometry that uses isotope dilution procedures. Trace elements in filtered and unfiltered samples were analyzed for cadmium, lead, mercury, and methyl-mercury by inductively coupled charged plasma and mass-spectrometry.\r\n\r\nAll constituent concentrations are raw data. Interpretation of the data will be completed in the second phase of the study.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Bonin, J., and Wilson, T.P., 2006, Organic Compounds, Trace Elements, Suspended Sediment, and Field Characteristics at the Heads-of-Tide of the Raritan, Passaic, Hackensack, Rahway, and Elizabeth Rivers, New Jersey, 2000-03: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 123, vi, 33 p.; Data Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds123.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.; Data Tables","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-06-01","temporalEnd":"2003-06-30","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9430,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/123/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75,40 ], [ -75,41 ], [ -73,41 ], [ -73,40 ], [ -75,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aeee4b07f02db691268","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonin, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-7631-9734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-9734","contributorId":59404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonin","given":"Jennifer L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Timothy P. 0000-0003-1914-6344 tpwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-6344","contributorId":3752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Timothy","email":"tpwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79748,"text":"ofr20071008 - 2006 - Quantifying the Components of Impervious Surfaces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"ofr20071008","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1008","title":"Quantifying the Components of Impervious Surfaces","docAbstract":"This study's objectives were to (1) determine the relative contribution of impervious surface individual components by collecting digital information from high-resolution imagery, 1-meter or better; and to (2) determine which of the more advanced techniques, such as spectral unmixing or the application of coefficients to land use or land cover data, was the most suitable method that could be used by State and local governments as well as Federal agencies to efficiently measure the imperviousness in any given watershed or area of interest.\r\n\r\nThe components of impervious surfaces, combined from all the watersheds and time periods from objective one were the following: buildings 29.2-percent, roads 28.3-percent, parking lots 24.6-percent; with the remaining three totaling 14-percent - driveways, sidewalks, and other, where other were any other features that were not contained within the first five.\r\n\r\nResults from objective two were spectral unmixing techniques will ultimately be the most efficient method of determining imperviousness, but are not yet accurate enough as it is critical to achieve accuracy better than 10-percent of the truth, of which the method is not consistently accomplishing as observed in this study. Of the three techniques in coefficient application tested, land use coefficient application was not practical, while if the last two methods, coefficients applied to land cover data, were merged, their end results could be to within 5-percent or better, of the truth. Until the spectral unmixing technique has been further refined, land cover coefficients should be used, which offer quick results, but not current as they were developed for the 1992 National Land Characteristics Data.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071008","isbn":"0607978159","collaboration":"Prepared for the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration; In collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Assessment","usgsCitation":"Tilley, J.S., and Slonecker, E.T., 2006, Quantifying the Components of Impervious Surfaces: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1008, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071008.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","costCenters":[{"id":246,"text":"Eastern Region Geographic Services","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190706,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9422,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cc7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tilley, Janet S. jtilley@usgs.gov","contributorId":480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilley","given":"Janet","email":"jtilley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slonecker, E. Terrence 0000-0002-5793-0503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5793-0503","contributorId":67175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slonecker","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Terrence","affiliations":[{"id":36171,"text":"National Civil Applications Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79731,"text":"ofr20061220 - 2006 - Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2001 - November 30, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-22T20:39:30.89845","indexId":"ofr20061220","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1220","title":"Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2001 - November 30, 2002","docAbstract":"A Decree of the United States Supreme Court in 1954 established the position of Delaware River Master within the U.S. Geological Survey. In addition, the Decree authorizes diversions of water from the Delaware River Basin and requires compensating releases from certain reservoirs, owned by New York City, to be made under the supervision and direction of the River Master. The Decree stipulates that the River Master will furnish reports to the Court, not less frequently than annually. This report is the 49th Annual Report of the River Master of the Delaware River. It covers the 2002 River Master report year, that is, the period from December 1, 2001, to November 30, 2002.\r\n\r\nDuring the report year, precipitation in the upper Delaware River Basin was 2.73 in. greater than the long-term average. Combined storage in Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs was at a record low level on December 1, 2001. Reservoir storage increased steadily from mid-winter until late June. Storage declined steadily from early July to mid-October then increased through the end of the year. Delaware River operations were conducted at reduced levels from December 1, 2001, to May 25, 2002, when drought emergency conditions prevailed, and as prescribed by the Decree from May 26, 2002, to November 30, 2002.\r\n\r\nDiversions from the Delaware River Basin by New York City and New Jersey were in compliance with the terms of the Decree or with the reduced limits in effect during drought emergency conditions. Reservoir releases were made as directed by the River Master at rates designed to meet the flow objective for the Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, on 101 days during the report year. Releases were made at experimental conservation rates-or rates designed to relieve thermal stress and protect the fishery and aquatic habitat in the tailwaters of the reservoirs-on all other days.\r\n\r\nDuring the report year, New York City and New Jersey complied fully with the terms of the Decree, and during drought emergency conditions, with the terms of the 'Interstate Water Management Recommendations of the Parties to the Decree' (DRBC Resolution 83-13), and directives and requests of the River Master.\r\n\r\nAs part of a long-term program, the quality of water in the Delaware Estuary between Trenton, New Jersey, and Reedy Island Jetty, Delaware, was monitored at various locations. Data on water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH were collected by electronic instruments at four sites, and data on water temperature and specific conductance were collected at one site. In addition, selected water-quality data were collected at 3 sites on a monthly basis and at 19 sites on a semimonthly basis.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061220","usgsCitation":"Krejmas, B.E., Paulachok, G.N., and Carswell, W., 2006, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2001 - November 30, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1220, vi, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061220.","productDescription":"vi, 80 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-12-01","temporalEnd":"2002-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":389614,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81065.htm"},{"id":9398,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1220/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.3667,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.40,\n              39      \n            ],\n            [\n              -74.40,\n              42.4333\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.3667,\n              42.4333\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.3667,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krejmas, Bruce E.","contributorId":102501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krejmas","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paulachok, Gary N. gnpaulac@usgs.gov","contributorId":3500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulachok","given":"Gary","email":"gnpaulac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carswell, William J. Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79735,"text":"sir20065306 - 2006 - Analysis of the Magnitude and Frequency of Peak Discharges for the Navajo Nation in Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"sir20065306","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5306","title":"Analysis of the Magnitude and Frequency of Peak Discharges for the Navajo Nation in Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Estimates of the magnitude and frequency of peak discharges are necessary for the reliable flood-hazard mapping in the Navajo Nation in Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. The Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and Navajo Nation requested that the U.S. Geological Survey update estimates of peak discharge magnitude for gaging stations in the region and update regional equations for estimation of peak discharge and frequency at ungaged sites.\r\n\r\nEquations were developed for estimating the magnitude of peak discharges for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500 years at ungaged sites using data collected through 1999 at 146 gaging stations, an additional 13 years of peak-discharge data since a 1997 investigation, which used gaging-station data through 1986. The equations for estimation of peak discharges at ungaged sites were developed for flood regions 8, 11, high elevation, and 6 and are delineated on the basis of the hydrologic codes from the 1997 investigation.\r\n\r\nPeak discharges for selected recurrence intervals were determined at gaging stations by fitting observed data to a log-Pearson Type III distribution with adjustments for a low-discharge threshold and a zero skew coefficient. A low-discharge threshold was applied to frequency analysis of 82 of the 146 gaging stations. This application provides an improved fit of the log-Pearson Type III frequency distribution. Use of the low-discharge threshold generally eliminated the peak discharge having a recurrence interval of less than 1.4 years in the probability-density function.\r\n\r\nWithin each region, logarithms of the peak discharges for selected recurrence intervals were related to logarithms of basin and climatic characteristics using stepwise ordinary least-squares regression techniques for exploratory data analysis. Generalized least-squares regression techniques, an improved regression procedure that accounts for time and spatial sampling errors, then was applied to the same data used in the ordinary least-squares regression analyses. The average standard error of prediction for a peak discharge have a recurrence interval of 100-years for region 8 was 53 percent (average) for the 100-year flood. The average standard of prediction, which includes average sampling error and average standard error of regression, ranged from 45 to 83 percent for the 100-year flood. Estimated standard error of prediction for a hybrid method for region 11 was large in the 1997 investigation. No distinction of floods produced from a high-elevation region was presented in the 1997 investigation. Overall, the equations based on generalized least-squares regression techniques are considered to be more reliable than those in the 1997 report because of the increased length of record and improved GIS method.\r\n\r\nTechniques for transferring flood-frequency relations to ungaged sites on the same stream can be estimated at an ungaged site by a direct application of the regional regression equation or at an ungaged site on a stream that has a gaging station upstream or downstream by using the drainage-area ratio and the drainage-area exponent from the regional regression equation of the respective region.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065306","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Waltemeyer, S.D., 2006, Analysis of the Magnitude and Frequency of Peak Discharges for the Navajo Nation in Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5306, iv, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065306.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2006_5306.jpg"},{"id":9405,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5306/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db67ffdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waltemeyer, Scott D.","contributorId":101709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waltemeyer","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79719,"text":"sir20065299 - 2006 - Recent (2003-05) water quality of Barton Springs, Austin, Texas, with emphasis on factors affecting variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T14:42:25","indexId":"sir20065299","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5299","title":"Recent (2003-05) water quality of Barton Springs, Austin, Texas, with emphasis on factors affecting variability","docAbstract":"<p>From 2003 to 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, collected and analyzed water samples from the four springs (orifices) of Barton Springs in Austin, Texas (Upper, Main, Eliza, and Old Mill Springs), with the objective of characterizing water quality. Barton Springs is the major discharge point for the Barton Springs segment of the Edwards aquifer. A three-pronged sampling approach was used: physicochemical properties (including specific conductance and turbidity) were measured continuously; samples were collected from the four springs routinely every 2 weeks (during August-September 2003) to 3 weeks (during June 2004-June 2005) and analyzed for some or all major ions, nutrients, trace elements, soluble pesticides, and volatile organic compounds; and samples were collected from the four springs at more closely spaced intervals during the 2 weeks following two storms and analyzed for the same suite of constituents. Following the two storms, samples also were collected from five of the six major streams that provide recharge to Barton Springs. Spring discharge during both sample collection periods was above average (60 cubic feet per second or greater). Barton Springs was found to be affected by persistent low concentrations of atrazine (an herbicide), chloroform (a drinking-water disinfection by-product), and tetrachloroethene (a solvent). Increased recharge from the major recharging streams resulted in increased calcium, sulfate, atrazine, simazine, and tetrachloroethene concentrations and decreased concentrations of most other major ions, nitrate, and chloroform at one or more of the springs. These changes in concentration demonstrate the influence of water quality in recharging streams on water quality at the springs even during non-stormflow conditions. The geochemical compositions of the four springs indicate that Upper Spring is more contaminated and is influenced by a contributing flow path that is separate from those leading to other springs under all but stormflow conditions. Main, Eliza, and Old Mill Springs share at least one common flow path that contributes contaminants to the three springs. Old Mill Spring, however, is less affected by anthropogenic contaminants than the other springs and receives a greater component of water from a flow path whose geochemistry is influenced by water from the saline zone of the aquifer. At Main Spring, atrazine, simazine, chloroform, and tetrachloroethene concentrations increased following storms, describing breakthrough curves that peaked 2 days following rainfall; at Upper Spring, atrazine and simazine concentrations described breakthrough curves that peaked 1 day following rainfall. At both Main and Upper Springs, additional anthropogenic compounds were detected following storms. The geochemical response of the springs to recharge indicates that much of the transport occurs through conduits. When there is no flow in the recharging streams, ground water advects from the aquifer matrix into the conduits and is transported to the springs. When there is flow in the streams, recharge through the streambeds directly enters the conduit system and is transported to the springs. Following storms, surface runoff recharges through both interstream recharge features and streambeds, delivering runoff-related contaminants to Barton Springs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065299","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., Garner, B.D., Musgrove, M., Guilfoyle, A.L., and Rao, M.V., 2006, Recent (2003-05) water quality of Barton Springs, Austin, Texas, with emphasis on factors affecting variability: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5299, Report: x, 83 p.; 5 Appendices (Appendix 1: 13 p., Appendix 2: 271 p., Appendix 3: 7 p., Appendix 4: 20 p., Appendix 5: 22 p.);, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065299.","productDescription":"Report: x, 83 p.; 5 Appendices (Appendix 1: 13 p., Appendix 2: 271 p., Appendix 3: 7 p., Appendix 4: 20 p., Appendix 5: 22 p.);","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065299.gif"},{"id":9375,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5299/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648642","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Bradley D. 0000-0002-6912-5093 bdgarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-5093","contributorId":2133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"Bradley","email":"bdgarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Musgrove, MaryLynn","contributorId":34878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"MaryLynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guilfoyle, Amber L.","contributorId":13707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guilfoyle","given":"Amber","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rao, Mohan V.","contributorId":92363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rao","given":"Mohan","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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As of 2005, domestic garnet production has decreased from a high of 74,000 t in 1998, and imports have increased to the extent that as much as 60 percent of the garnet used in the United States in 2003 was imported, mainly from India, China, and Australia; Canada joined the list of suppliers in 2005. The principal type of garnet used is almandite (almandine), because of its specific gravity and hardness; andradite is also extensively used, although it is not as hard or dense as almandite.</p><p>Most industrial-grade garnet is obtained from gneiss, amphibolite, schist, skarn, and igneous rocks and from alluvium derived from weathering and erosion of these rocks. Garnet mines and occurrences are located in 21 States, but the only presently active (2006) mines are in northern Idaho (garnet placers; one mine), southeastern Montana (garnet placers; one mine), and eastern New York (unweathered bedrock; two mines). In Idaho, garnet is mined from Tertiary and (or) Quaternary sedimentary deposits adjacent to garnetiferous metapelites that are correlated with the Wallace Formation of the Proterozoic Belt Supergroup. In New York, garnet is mined from crystalline rocks of the Adirondack Mountains that are part of the Proterozoic Grenville province, and from the southern Taconic Range that is part of the northern Appalachian Mountains. In Montana, sources of garnet in placers include amphibolite, mica schist, and gneiss of Archean age and younger granite. Two mines that were active in the recent past in southwestern Montana produced garnet from gold dredge tailings and saprolite.</p><p>In this report, we review the history of garnet mining and production and describe some garnet occurrences in most of the Eastern States along the Appalachian Mountains and in some of the Western States where industrial-grade garnet or its possible occurrence has been reported. Other natural and manmade materials compete with garnet in nearly all of the applications for which garnet can be used; garnet, however, has the advantages that it is reusable, nontoxic, and nonreactive. In addition, garnet produces much less dust than other abrasive materials, and spills are relatively benign and easy to clean up.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to industrial-minerals research (Bulletin 2209)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2209L","usgsCitation":"Evans, J.G., and Moyle, P.R., 2006, U.S. industrial garnet (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2209, v, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2209L.","productDescription":"v, 54 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192113,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416679,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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,{"id":79726,"text":"sir20065112 - 2006 - Magnitude and Frequency of Floods in New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:23","indexId":"sir20065112","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5112","title":"Magnitude and Frequency of Floods in New York","docAbstract":"Techniques are presented for estimating the magnitude and frequency of flood discharges on rural, unregulated streams in New York, excluding Long Island. Peak-discharge-frequency data and basin characteristics from 388 streamflow-gaging stations in New York and adjacent states were used to develop multiple linear regression equations for flood discharges with recurrence intervals ranging from 1.25 to 500 years. A generalized least-squares (GLS) procedure was used to develop the regression equations. Separate sets of equations were developed for each of six hydrologic regions of New York; standard errors of prediction range from 14 to 43 percent. Statistically significant explanatory variables in the regression equations include drainage area, main-channel slope, percent basin storage, mean annual precipitation, percent forested area, a basin lag factor, a ratio of main-channel slope to basin slope, mean annual runoff, maximum snow depth, and percentage of basin above 1,200 feet. Drainage areas for the 388 sites used in the analyses ranged from 0.41 to 4,773 square miles.\r\n\r\nMethods of computing flood discharges from the regression equations differ, depending on whether the estimate is for a gaged or ungaged basin, and whether the basin crosses hydrologic-region or state boundaries. Examples of computations are included. Discharge-frequency estimates for an additional 122 streamflow-gaging stations with significant regulation or urbanization (including Long Island) are also included as at-site estimates.\r\n\r\nBasin characteristics, log-Pearson Type III statistics, and regression and weighted estimates of the discharge-frequency relations are tabulated for the streamflow-gaging stations used in the regression analyses. Sensitivity analyses showed that mean-annual precipitation, drainage area, mean annual runoff, and maximum snow depth are the variables to which computed discharges are most sensitive in the regression equations.\r\n\r\nIncluded with the report is a DVD that provides computation procedures and geographic information system spatial datasets to compute basin characteristics used in the regional regression equations and flood-frequency estimates at a specified location on a stream.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065112","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Lumia, R., Freehafer, D.A., and Smith, M.J., 2006, Magnitude and Frequency of Floods in New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5112, Available online and on DVD-ROM; Report: viii, 153, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065112.","productDescription":"Available online and on DVD-ROM; Report: viii, 153","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065112.PNG"},{"id":9390,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5112/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a03f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lumia, Richard rlumia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lumia","given":"Richard","email":"rlumia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freehafer, Douglas A. dfreehaf@usgs.gov","contributorId":5181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freehafer","given":"Douglas","email":"dfreehaf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Martyn J. 0000-0002-1107-9653 marsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9653","contributorId":4474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Martyn","email":"marsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79725,"text":"ofr20061341 - 2006 - Hydrogeology of the Lloyd aquifer on Long Island, New York— A brief summary of USGS investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-07T21:37:42.75512","indexId":"ofr20061341","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1341","title":"Hydrogeology of the Lloyd aquifer on Long Island, New York— A brief summary of USGS investigations","docAbstract":"The four counties of Long Island (fig. 1) are underlain by a wedge-shaped sequence of unconsolidated deposits of Late Cretaceous and Pleistocene age that lie unconformably on crystalline bedrock (fig. 2). A saprolitic (weathered bedrock) zone 20 to 100 ft thick overlies the bedrock in most areas. The sequence of unconsolidated deposits thickens to the south and southeast by about 65 to 100 feet per mile and contains Long Island's fresh ground water.\r\n\r\nLong Island's ground-water system consists of four main aquifers-the upper glacial, the Jameco, the Magothy, and the Lloyd. The Lloyd aquifer underlies nearly all of Long Island (fig. 3), but pumpage from the Lloyd has been limited to the northern and southern coastal areas of the island by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation since about 1955 (Garber, 1986). Coastal areas are exempt where the Lloyd is the only source of potable water. The former Jamaica Water Supply Corporation (now owned by New York City) is a noted exception withdrawing as much as 6 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) since the mid-1930s from the Lloyd in central Queens County.\r\n\r\nThis paper: (1) provides a brief history of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) studies that provided significant data on the Lloyd, (2) summarizes the hydraulic characteristics of the Lloyd as reported in those studies, and (3) describes present-day monitoring of the Lloyd by the USGS.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061341","usgsCitation":"Chu, A., 2006, Hydrogeology of the Lloyd aquifer on Long Island, New York— A brief summary of USGS investigations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1341, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061341.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388928,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81064.htm"},{"id":9389,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1341/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.8231201171875,\n              41.062786068733026\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.25433349609375,\n              41.20758898181025\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.0316162109375,\n              41.00477542222947\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.6138916015625,\n              40.944639085793064\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.90502929687499,\n              40.77846164090355\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.04510498046875,\n              40.66813955408042\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.02862548828125,\n              40.57015381856105\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.9105224609375,\n              40.522150985623796\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.47381591796875,\n              40.576412521044425\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.11126708984375,\n              40.62646106367355\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.16644287109374,\n              40.907285514728756\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8231201171875,\n              41.062786068733026\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db68487a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chu, Anthony 0000-0001-8623-2862 achu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-2862","contributorId":2517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"Anthony","email":"achu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79724,"text":"sir20065291 - 2006 - Effects of Irrigation, Drought, and Ground-Water Withdrawals on Ground-Water Levels in the Southern Lihue Basin, Kauai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:18","indexId":"sir20065291","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5291","title":"Effects of Irrigation, Drought, and Ground-Water Withdrawals on Ground-Water Levels in the Southern Lihue Basin, Kauai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"A numerical ground-water-flow model was used to investigate the effects of irrigation on ground-water levels in the southern Lihue Basin, Kauai, Hawaii, and the relation between declining ground-water levels observed in the basin in the 1990s and early 2000s and concurrent drought, irrigation reduction, and changes in ground-water withdrawal. Results of steady-state model simulations indicate that changing from pre-development to 1981 irrigation and ground-water-withdrawal conditions could, given enough time for steady state to be achieved, raise ground-water levels in some areas of the southern Lihue Basin by as much as 200 feet, and that changing from 1981 to 1998 irrigation and ground-water-withdrawal conditions could lower ground-water levels in some areas by as much as 100 feet. Transient simulations combining drought, irrigation reduction, and changes in ground-water withdrawal show trends that correspond with those observed in measured water levels.\r\n\r\nResults of this study indicate that irrigation reduction was the primary cause of the observed decline in ground-water-levels. In contrast, ground-water withdrawal had a long-duration but small-magnitude effect, and drought had a widespread, high-magnitude but short-duration effect. Inasmuch as irrigation in the future is unlikely to return to the same levels as during the period of peak sugarcane agriculture, the decline in ground-water levels resulting from the reduction and ultimate end of sugarcane irrigation can be considered permanent. Assuming that irrigation does not return to the southern Lihue Basin and that, on average, normal rainfall persists and ground-water withdrawal remains at 1998 rates, model projections indicate that average ground-water levels in the Kilohana-Puhi area will continue to recover from the drought of 1998-2002 and eventually rise to within about 4 feet of the pre-drought conditions. Long-term climate trends, increases in ground-water withdrawal, or other factors not simulated in the model could also affect ground-water levels in the southern Lihue Basin in the future.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065291","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the County of Kauai Department of Water","usgsCitation":"Izuka, S.K., 2006, Effects of Irrigation, Drought, and Ground-Water Withdrawals on Ground-Water Levels in the Southern Lihue Basin, Kauai, Hawaii (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5291, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065291.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9388,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5291/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159.5,20.5 ], [ -159.5,22.5 ], [ -159,22.5 ], [ -159,20.5 ], [ -159.5,20.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47a5e4b07f02db497afa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izuka, Scot K. 0000-0002-8758-9414 skizuka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-9414","contributorId":2645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izuka","given":"Scot","email":"skizuka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79706,"text":"ofr20061308 - 2006 - Drainage Areas of Selected Streams in Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:21","indexId":"ofr20061308","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1308","title":"Drainage Areas of Selected Streams in Virginia","docAbstract":"Drainage areas were determined for more than 1,600 basins in the three major river basins of Virginia -- the North Atlantic Slope, South Atlantic Slope, and Ohio River Basins. Drainage areas range from 0.004 square mile to 7,866 square miles. A geographic information system was used to digitize and store data associated with the drainage basins. Drainage divides were digitized from digital U.S. Geological Survey 7.5-minute, 1:24,000-scale, topographic quadrangles using procedures recommended by the Subcommittee on Hydrology, Federal Interagency River Basin Committee. Digital drainage basins were quality assured, polygons of the closed drainage basins were generated, and drainage areas were computed.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061308","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Transportation and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Hayes, D., and Wiegand, U., 2006, Drainage Areas of Selected Streams in Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1308, iii, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061308.","productDescription":"iii, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9343,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1308/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635fcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Donald C.","contributorId":52945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Donald C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiegand, Ute","contributorId":76412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiegand","given":"Ute","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79686,"text":"cir1301 - 2006 - The Response of Suspended Sediment, Turbidity, and Velocity to Historical Alterations of the Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:15","indexId":"cir1301","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1301","title":"The Response of Suspended Sediment, Turbidity, and Velocity to Historical Alterations of the Missouri River","docAbstract":"The heavy sediment load and large amounts of floating debris generated by the constantly caving banks of the Missouri River was documented in the first written description of the river by Father Jacques Marquette in 1673 as he approached the mouth of the Missouri River from the upper Mississippi River: \r\n\r\n'[We]' heard the noise of a rapid, into which we were about to run. I have seen nothing more dreadful. An accumulation of large and entire trees, branches, and floating islands, was issuing from the mouth of the river Pekitanoui (Missouri River), with such impetuosity that we could not without great danger risk passing through it. So great was its agitation that the water was so very muddy, and could not become clear.' \r\n\r\nHowever, large changes in suspended sediment and turbidity in the lower Missouri River below Gavins Point Dam have occurred in response to extensive structural changes that have been imposed on the Missouri River and its watershed during the last two centuries. Efforts to shape the channel, remove snags and sawyers, dredge shallows, and stabilize banks for navigation began as early as 1838 ( http://www.lewis-clark.org/ri_mo-snagboats.htm , Chittenden, 1903). However, bank stabilization efforts were sporadic and scattered in comparison to large scale changes that occurred after 1929. In the early 1930s the numerous small channels were combined into a single-fixed channel with 4,745 stone and wood-pile dikes, 3,371 dike extensions, streambank protection works on concave banks, man-made cutoffs, the closing of chutes with dikes, the removal of snags, and dredging (Keown and others, 1981). The resulting navigation channel was 6-ft (feet) deep by 200-ft wide and was expanded to 9 by 300 ft in the 1950s and early 1960s. Construction of six dams was started in 1933 and their reservoirs were filled by 1967. Three of these reservoirs are among the five largest in the United States. Nearly one-third of the Missouri River is now submerged below these massive reservoirs. Since 1967, hydrologic changes have been relatively minor. \r\n\r\nIn the early 1970s, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began the long-term, systematic collection of suspended-sediment and water-quality data that continues to the present (2006). Because changes in the channel configuration and hydrologic character of the river have been small compared to the changes before 1973, all samples collected after that time are referred to in this report as modern samples. These modern samples compose a large data set that are compared to samples collected before the pervasive hydrologic and channel-stabilizing changes that began in the early 1930s and to the qualitative and semiquantitative observations of the explorers in the early nineteenth century. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1301","isbn":"1411312562","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Blevins, D.W., 2006, The Response of Suspended Sediment, Turbidity, and Velocity to Historical Alterations of the Missouri River: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1301, vi, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1301.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9321,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2006/1301/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ac99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blevins, Dale W. dblevins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blevins","given":"Dale","email":"dblevins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79673,"text":"pp1720 - 2006 - The Cerrillos Uplift, the La Bajada Constriction, and Hydrogeologic Framework of the Santo Domingo Basin, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-22T22:52:15.238211","indexId":"pp1720","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1720","title":"The Cerrillos Uplift, the La Bajada Constriction, and Hydrogeologic Framework of the Santo Domingo Basin, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p class=\"abstract\">The geologic, geophysical, and hydrogeologic properties of the La Bajada constriction and Santo Domingo Basin, northern New Mexico, result from tectonic and volcanic processes of the late Tertiary and Quaternary Rio Grande rift. An integrated geologic and geophysical assessment in the La Bajada constriction allows development of a geologic framework that can provide input for regional ground-water flow models. These models then can provide better estimates of future water supplies in a region that largely subsists on aquifers in Rio Grande rift basins. The combination of surface geologic investigations (stratigraphic and structural studies; chapters A, B, C, and E), airborne geophysics (aeromagnetic and time-domain electromagnetic surveys; chapters D and F), ground geophysical measurements (gravity and magnetotelluric surveys; chapters D and F), and data from the few wells in the area (chapter G) provides new constraints on the hydrogeologic framework of this area.</p><p class=\"abstract\">Summary results of our investigations are synthesized in chapter G. Through-going aquifers consisting of ancestral Rio Grande axial-river sand and gravel and of coarse western-piedmont gravel form the predominant ground-water pathways through the partly buried structural trough defining the La Bajada constriction between Española and Santo Domingo Basins. Thick, clay-rich Cretaceous marine shales of low hydraulic conductivity form a pervasive regional confining unit within the Cerrillos uplift on the southeast flank of the constriction. Numerous, dominantly north-northwest-striking, intrabasin faults that project part way across the La Bajada constriction create a matrix of laterally and vertically variable hydrogeologic compartments that locally partition and deflect ground-water flow parallel to faults.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1720","usgsCitation":"2006, The Cerrillos Uplift, the La Bajada Constriction, and Hydrogeologic Framework of the Santo Domingo Basin, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1720, iv, 189 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1720.","productDescription":"iv, 189 p.","numberOfPages":"193","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422859,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_98424.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9312,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1720/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192953,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.32999424944471,\n              36.589053798455666\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.32999424944471,\n              31.988065010408633\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.76611199941401,\n              31.988065010408633\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.76611199941401,\n              36.589053798455666\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.32999424944471,\n              36.589053798455666\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c4fb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888596,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
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