Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM10) is a well-established health hazard. There is increasing evidence that geogenic (Earth-derived) particles can induce adverse biological effects upon inhalation, though there is high variability in particle bioreactivity that is associated with particle source and physicochemical properties. In this study, we investigated physicochemical properties and biological reactivity of volcanic ash from the April 2021 eruption of La Soufrière volcano, St. Vincent, and two desert dust samples: a standardized test dust from Arizona and an aeolian Gobi Desert dust sampled in China. We determined particle size, morphology, mineralogy, surface texture and chemistry in sub-10 μm material to investigate associations between particle physicochemical properties and observed bioreactivity. We assessed cellular responses (cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects) to acute particle exposures (24 hr) in monocultures at the air-liquid interface using two types of cells of the human airways: BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells and A549 alveolar type II epithelial cells. In acellular assays, we also assessed particle oxidative potential and the presence of microorganisms. The results showed that volcanic ash and desert dust exhibit intrinsically different particle morphology, surface textures and chemistry, and variable mineralogical content. We found that Gobi Desert dust is more bioreactive than freshly erupted volcanic ash and Arizona test dust, which is possibly linked to the presence of microorganisms (bacteria) and/or nanoscale elongated silicate minerals (potentially clay such as illite or vermiculite) on particle surfaces.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001171","usgsCitation":"Tomašek, I., Eychenne, J., Damby, D., Hornby, A., Romanias, M.N., Moune, S., Uzu, G., Schiavi, F., Dole, M., Gardes, E., Laumonier, M., Gorce, C., Minet-Quinard, R., Durif, J., Belville, C., Traore, O., Blanchon, L., and Sapin, V., 2025, Physicochemical properties and bioreactivity of sub-10 µm geogenic particles: Comparison of volcanic ash and desert dust: GeoHealth, v. 9, no. 1, e2024GH001171, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001171.","productDescription":"e2024GH001171, 28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168946","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gh001171","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":466220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomašek, Ines","contributorId":177454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomašek","given":"Ines","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":921923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eychenne, Julia","contributorId":168818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eychenne","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25364,"text":"Univ. 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Chapter A (this chapter) provides scoping details of the “BEMP”, a summary of the 19 metrics that are used to evaluate the performance of each of 5 alternatives, and methodological details of 2 performance metrics that were not covered in other technical chapters. Additional technical details, results, and interpretations are briefly covered in this chapter, but are mostly contained in chapters B–E.
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This report was developed to evaluate the performance of a set of proposed alternatives for Cervus elaphus canadensis (elk) and Bison bison (bison) management at the National Elk Refuge (NER) in Wyoming, U.S.A., and to inform a National Environmental Policy Act Environmental Impact Statement focused on developing the next “Bison and Elk Management Plan” (BEMP). The U.S. Geological Survey facilitated a structured decision-making process for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to develop the alternatives and the criteria (performance metrics) for evaluating the alternatives. Chapter A provides scoping details of the report, a summary of the 19 metrics that are used to evaluate the performance of each of 5 alternatives, and methodological details of 2 performance metrics that were not covered in other technical chapters. Chapter B analyzes elk population and chronic wasting disease dynamics under the five alternatives. Chapter C evaluates elk space-use based on data collected from global positioning system collars on elk and expert elicitation for scenarios with limited data. Chapter D evaluates bison population dynamics, conflict, and harvest patterns under the five alternatives. Chapter E assesses social and economic consequences. The alternatives are anticipated to have varying affects on bison and elk population abundance and private land use, wildlife-related recreation and tourism, and hunters and outfitters in the region. Each chapter was developed under advisement of a technical team, made up science experts from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245119","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Departement of Agriculture, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Missions Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Research Program, Environmental Health Program, and the Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., 2025, Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge bison and elk management plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5119, 5 chap. (A–E), variously paged, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245119.","productDescription":"5 Chapters","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465873,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":465935,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/sir20245119.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 PDF"}],"contact":"Center Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Rd., Ste 4039
Laurel, MD 20708-4039
We evaluated measurable attributes describing the current and future distribution of Cervus elaphus canadensis (elk) across a region surrounding Jackson, Wyoming, for five feedground management alternatives proposed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as a revision to the 2007 “Bison and Elk Management Plan” of the National Elk Refuge. A resource selection function evaluated measurable attributes of interest to managers, including elk use of private property and sensitive habitat types at monthly timesteps and varying winter conditions. The study area boundaries were created through an expert elicitation process and consist of the Jackson Elk Herd Unit, Grand Teton National Park, the National Elk Refuge, and the northern third of the Fall Creek Elk Herd Unit. For each of the five alternatives, we distributed monthly elk numbers calculated in a concurrent analysis that simulated chronic wasting disease dynamics in this system for 20 years. Measurable attributes representing potential elk use of (1) private property, (2) cattle properties as an index of Brucella abortus risk, and sensitive habitats consisting of (3) Populus tremuloides Michx. (quaking aspen), (4) Populus angustifolia E. James (narrowleaf cottonwood), and (5) Salix L. (willow) in core winter use areas all closely followed the declines of elk abundance projected by the elk chronic wasting disease model. After 20 years, the continue feeding alternative ranked most favorably in terms of limiting elk days on private property and reducing brucellosis risk from elk to cattle because this alternative concentrated elk on the National Elk Refuge and resulted in the lowest elk population sizes. However, other management alternatives, including increase harvest and reduce feeding, tended to limit elk use of sensitive quaking aspen, narrowleaf cottonwood, and willow habitats during winter (December–April).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245119C","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Research Program and the Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Cotterill, G.G., Cross, P.C., Cole, E.K., Cook, J.D., McEachran, M.C., and Graves, T.A., 2025, Evaluating elk distribution and conflict under proposed management alternatives at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming, chap. C of Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge bison and elk management plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5119, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245119C.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 32 p.; Software Release","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-165791","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465767,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245119C/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. C HTML"},{"id":465766,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/c/sir20245119C.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. C PDF"},{"id":465765,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/c/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":465769,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/c/images/"},{"id":465768,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/c/sir20245119C.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. C XML"},{"id":465770,"rank":6,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14FF6E6","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Supporting code for—Evaluating elk distribution and conflict under proposed management alternatives at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","otherGeospatial":"National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ],\n [\n -110.72445411600302,\n 43.480764457816235\n ],\n [\n -110.70981181708308,\n 43.502568770827935\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.51262964481907\n ],\n [\n -110.6628023310768,\n 43.52213004158219\n ],\n [\n -110.64353614828745,\n 43.53665716685947\n ],\n [\n -110.62349931818646,\n 43.55620738705895\n ],\n [\n -110.5972973095928,\n 43.598637460483474\n ],\n [\n -110.59883860421601,\n 43.62653567653447\n ],\n [\n -110.6520132687147,\n 43.62207283164909\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.60477617840215\n ],\n [\n -110.73216058911865,\n 43.56458411181504\n ],\n [\n -110.74680288803886,\n 43.517100606095084\n ],\n [\n -110.76067453964718,\n 43.50480466552287\n ],\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2327 University Way, Suite 2
Bozeman, MT 59715
The National Elk Refuge (Refuge) is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and includes habitats for bison and elk. Bison and elk provide opportunities for wildlife-related recreation and contribute to the tourism industry in and around Jackson, Wyoming. Over the last century, the Refuge has provisioned supplemental feed to elk and, more recently, bison during winter months to ensure adequate forage and prevent starvation and conflict with private landowners. However, supplemental feeding artificially aggregates animals and can increase rates of disease transmission and localized damage to sensitive habitats near the feeding areas. This report presents analyses and results to support two of the nine management objectives in the next “Bison and Elk Management Plan,” with a particular focus on the social and economic consequences of five management alternatives considered in this study. The alternatives are to continue feeding bison and elk during winter months on the Refuge, stop feeding after CWD is measured at 3 percent prevalence or above in the Jackson elk herd, stop feeding immediately, reduce feeding for five years and then stop feeding, and increase elk harvest for five years and then stop feeding. These alternatives are anticipated to alter bison and elk population and space-use dynamics, with corresponding effects on wildlife-related recreation and tourism, including the number of visitors and sleigh-ride participants on the Refuge, and hunters and outfitters within the Jackson Elk Herd Unit. The performance of each of this study’s alternatives was variable, resulting in overlap in the performance of alternatives on the select objectives over the next 20 years. Generally, visitation-related objectives performed better under the continue feeding alternative, whereas hunting-related objectives performed better under the increase harvest alternative. The results presented here may assist U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service decision makers in balancing social and economic benefits identified in the decision-making process for the “Bison and Elk Management Plan” with other objectives evaluated in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245119E","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Research Program","usgsCitation":"McEachran, M.C., Don Carlos, A., Cotterill, G.G., Cole, E.K., and Cook, J.D., 2025, Estimating the social and economic consequences of proposed management alternatives at the National Elk Refuge, chap. E of Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge bison and elk management plan (ver. 1.1, May 2025): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5119, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245119E.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 11 p.; Software Release","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-166510","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486096,"rank":7,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/e/versionHist.txt","size":"1.11 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":465787,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/e/sir20245119E.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. E XML"},{"id":465786,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245119E/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. E HTML"},{"id":465785,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/e/sir20245119E.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. E PDF"},{"id":465788,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/e/images/"},{"id":465789,"rank":6,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1DZS7MW","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Socioeconomic effects of bison and elk management alternatives on National Elk Refuge"},{"id":465784,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/e/coverthb3.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ],\n [\n -110.72445411600302,\n 43.480764457816235\n ],\n [\n -110.70981181708308,\n 43.502568770827935\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.51262964481907\n ],\n [\n -110.6628023310768,\n 43.52213004158219\n ],\n [\n -110.64353614828745,\n 43.53665716685947\n ],\n [\n -110.62349931818646,\n 43.55620738705895\n ],\n [\n -110.5972973095928,\n 43.598637460483474\n ],\n [\n -110.59883860421601,\n 43.62653567653447\n ],\n [\n -110.6520132687147,\n 43.62207283164909\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.60477617840215\n ],\n [\n -110.73216058911865,\n 43.56458411181504\n ],\n [\n -110.74680288803886,\n 43.517100606095084\n ],\n [\n -110.76067453964718,\n 43.50480466552287\n ],\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: January 8, 2025; Version 1.1: May 19, 2025","contact":"Center Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Rd., Ste 4039
Laurel, MD 20708-4039
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Elk Refuge (NER) in Jackson, Wyoming, supplementally feeds Cervus elaphus canadensis (elk) and Bison bison (American bison) during winter months, but the costs and benefits of this management strategy are being reevaluated considering the potential effects of chronic wasting disease (CWD) on elk. U.S. Geological Survey scientists worked with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on a structured decision-making process that considered five alternative feeding strategies and their effects on bison, elk, and humans. This chapter focuses on elk population dynamics and CWD using computer models. Our modeling results highlight a short- versus long-term tradeoff between the continue feeding and no feeding alternatives. Management alternatives associated with a cessation of supplemental feeding were assumed to make elk more susceptible to severe winters, resulting in initially lower population sizes and less CWD transmission. The increased CWD prevalence and transmission associated with the continue feeding alternative resulted in lower elk population sizes by year 20 (mean=6,700, standard deviation=1,600 in the analysis area) in 70 percent of simulations compared to no feeding (mean=8,400, standard deviation=1,500). No feeding alternatives resulted in higher elk populations than the continue feeding alternative between years 7 and 13 when CWD prevalence exceeded 20 percent in the Jackson elk herd. The increased harvest alternative minimized CWD and natural mortality in 83 out of 100 simulations compared to the continue feeding alternative.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245119B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Program and the Environmental Health Program","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Cook, J.D., and Cole, E.K., 2025, Predictions of elk and chronic wasting disease dynamics at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming, and surrounding areas, chap. B of Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge bison and elk management plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5119, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245119B.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 22 p.; Software Release","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-166360","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465758,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/b/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":465759,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/b/sir20245119B.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. B PDF"},{"id":465760,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245119B/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. B HTML"},{"id":465761,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/b/sir20245119B.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. B XML"},{"id":465762,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/b/images/"},{"id":465763,"rank":6,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14EPY3U","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- CWD software code for simulating elk and chronic wasting disease dynamics on the National Elk Refuge (version 0.1.0)"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","otherGeospatial":"National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ],\n [\n -110.72445411600302,\n 43.480764457816235\n ],\n [\n -110.70981181708308,\n 43.502568770827935\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.51262964481907\n ],\n [\n -110.6628023310768,\n 43.52213004158219\n ],\n [\n -110.64353614828745,\n 43.53665716685947\n ],\n [\n -110.62349931818646,\n 43.55620738705895\n ],\n [\n -110.5972973095928,\n 43.598637460483474\n ],\n [\n -110.59883860421601,\n 43.62653567653447\n ],\n [\n -110.6520132687147,\n 43.62207283164909\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.60477617840215\n ],\n [\n -110.73216058911865,\n 43.56458411181504\n ],\n [\n -110.74680288803886,\n 43.517100606095084\n ],\n [\n -110.76067453964718,\n 43.50480466552287\n ],\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2327 University Way, Suite 2
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Bison bison (bison) were once abundant across North America but declined due to overharvesting in the late 1800s. The reintroduced population in and around Jackson, Wyoming has averaged 485 individuals between 2018–2023 and is the subject of a planning process to inform management strategies that will guide the U.S. Fish and Wildlife’s next “Bison and Elk Management Plan” for the National Elk Refuge. This small population may benefit from historical winter-feeding operations on the National Elk Refuge because those operations may increase overwinter survival and limit human-bison conflicts, which are the number of individual bison that engage in nuisance, damaging, or otherwise aggressive behaviors with humans and livestock, that may lead to culling and other sources of mortality (for example, vehicle collisions). To inform the next “Bison and Elk Management Plan,” the U.S. Geological Survey used a population model to evaluate five management alternatives for bison and Cervus elaphus canadensis (elk) feedground operations that included continuing the elk and bison feeding program, immediately stopping the feeding program, and three other alternatives that would phase out the feeding program after a period of time. The results indicate that the bison population would be expected to decline over the next 20 years under all alternatives that stop feeding bison on the refuge. Further, this decline would lead to an associated reduction in bison harvest opportunities for resident, nonresident, and Tribal hunters. Finally, human-bison conflicts would also be expected to increase under the no feeding alternatives because bison may venture onto private lands in greater numbers if feed is not provisioned during winter months. In combination, these effects suggest that feeding may lead to better outcomes for bison over the next 20 years; however, these effects may be traded off against other downsides of the feedground program, such as increased rates of animal-to-animal contact on feedgrounds that can lead to disease transmission.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245119D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Research Program","usgsCitation":"Cook, J.D., McEachran, M.C., Cotterill, G.G., and Cole, E.K., 2025, Bison population dynamics, harvest, and conflict potential under feedground management alternatives at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming, chap. D of Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge bison and elk management plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5119, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245119D.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 24 p.; Software Release","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-166368","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465783,"rank":6,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1QZGZSN","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Jackson bison population projections"},{"id":465782,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/d/images/"},{"id":465779,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/d/sir20245119D.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.02 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. D PDF"},{"id":465778,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/d/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":465781,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5119/d/sir20245119D.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. D XML"},{"id":465780,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245119D/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5119 Chap. D HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","otherGeospatial":"National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ],\n [\n -110.72445411600302,\n 43.480764457816235\n ],\n [\n -110.70981181708308,\n 43.502568770827935\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.51262964481907\n ],\n [\n -110.6628023310768,\n 43.52213004158219\n ],\n [\n -110.64353614828745,\n 43.53665716685947\n ],\n [\n -110.62349931818646,\n 43.55620738705895\n ],\n [\n -110.5972973095928,\n 43.598637460483474\n ],\n [\n -110.59883860421601,\n 43.62653567653447\n ],\n [\n -110.6520132687147,\n 43.62207283164909\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.60477617840215\n ],\n [\n -110.73216058911865,\n 43.56458411181504\n ],\n [\n -110.74680288803886,\n 43.517100606095084\n ],\n [\n -110.76067453964718,\n 43.50480466552287\n ],\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Rd., Ste 4039
Laurel, MD 20708-4039
Rapid warming in polar regions is causing large changes to ecosystems, including altering environmentally available mercury (Hg). Although subarctic freshwater systems have simple vertebrate communities, Hg in amphibians remains unexplored. We measured total Hg (THg) in wetland sediments and methylmercury (MeHg) in multiple life-stages (eggs to adults) of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) and larval boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata) from up to 25 wetlands near Churchill, Manitoba (Canada), during the summers of 2018–2019. We used egg mass counts for wood frogs from 24 wetlands (2015–2019) and per-ovum MeHg concentrations to estimate site-level MeHg flux by metamorphs from wetlands to the terrestrial environment. Total Hg in wetland sediment was unrelated to MeHg concentrations of amphibian larvae, but sediment THg increased with from coastal tundra vegetation to inland boreal forests. Methylmercury concentrations of wood frog eggs (geometric mean = 35.9; range: 6.7–77.9 ng/g dry wt) exceeded previous reports for amphibians, including from sites contaminated by industrial sources of Hg. Methylmercury concentrations of adult wood frogs (298.9 ng/g dry wt) were also higher than that for frogs included in a recent assessment of MeHg in amphibians across the contiguous United States. Within wetlands, MeHg concentrations of wood frog larvae were strongly correlated with MeHg concentrations in eggs earlier in the summer, and concentrations increased with each life stage. We estimate there would have been 1,971.8–3,286.4 ng MeHg exported from wetlands by wood frog metamorphs, which is 3.4–5.6 times more MeHg than inputted by eggs. Collectively, these data provide an initial assessment of Hg concentrations, body burdens, and dynamics in subarctic food webs that are expected to experience large changes from climate warming.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgae064","usgsCitation":"Hossack, B., Davenport, J., Mattison, C., Eagles-Smith, C., Fishback, L., Tornabene, B.J., and Smalling, K., 2025, Methylmercury in subarctic amphibians: Environmental gradients, bioaccumulation, and estimated flux: Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, v. 44, no. 3, p. 698-709, https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgae064.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"698","endPage":"709","ipdsId":"IP-170482","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14UMZWU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Mercury concentrations in amphibian tissues and egg masses, fish tissues and sediment in subarctic, freshwater systems near Churchill, Manitoba, 2015-2019"},{"id":490984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgae064","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":490908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Manitoba","city":"Churchill","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.40520702649708,\n 58.83132452633623\n ],\n [\n -94.40520702649708,\n 58.118858293984744\n ],\n [\n -93.02201690701777,\n 58.118858293984744\n ],\n [\n -93.02201690701777,\n 58.83132452633623\n ],\n [\n -94.40520702649708,\n 58.83132452633623\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":229347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davenport, Jon M.","contributorId":126727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Jon M.","affiliations":[{"id":6583,"text":"University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences, Missoula, MT, USA 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mattison, C. Kabryn","contributorId":346501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mattison","given":"C. Kabryn","affiliations":[{"id":36626,"text":"Appalachian State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":221745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fishback, LeeAnn","contributorId":168514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fishback","given":"LeeAnn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25316,"text":"Churchill Northern Studies Centre, P.O. Box 610, Churchill, Manitoba, R0B 0E0, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tornabene, Brian J. 0000-0002-2348-3119","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-3119","contributorId":303977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornabene","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smalling, Kelly 0000-0002-1214-4920","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-4920","contributorId":221234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70262815,"text":"70262815 - 2025 - The importance of peripheral populations in the face of novel environmental change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-23T15:17:08.044937","indexId":"70262815","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-08T09:10:49","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18342,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of peripheral populations in the face of novel environmental change","docAbstract":"Anthropogenically driven environmental change has imposed substantial threats on biodiversity, including the emergence of infectious diseases that have resulted in declines of wildlife globally. In response to pathogen invasion, maintaining diversity within host populations across heterogenous environments is essential to facilitating species persistence. White-nose syndrome is an emerging fungal pathogen that has caused mass mortalities of hibernating bats across North America. However, in the northeast, peripheral island populations of the endangered northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) appear to be persisting despite infection while mainland populations in the core of the species range have experienced sharp declines. Thus, this study investigated host and environmental factors that may contribute to divergent population responses. We compared patterns of pathogen exposure and infection intensity between populations and documented the environmental conditions and host activity patterns that may promote survival despite disease invasion. For island populations, we found lower prevalence and less severe infections, possibly due to a shorter hibernation duration compared to the mainland, which may reduce the time for disease progression. The coastal region of the northern myotis range may serve as habitat refugia that enables this species to persist despite pathogen exposure; however, conservation efforts could be critical to supporting species survival in the long term.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.2331","usgsCitation":"Hoff, S., Hoyt, J.R., Langwig, K.E., Johnson, L., Olson, E., O’Dell, D., Pendergast, C., Herzog, C.J., Parise, K.L., Foster, J.T., and Turner, W.C., 2025, The importance of peripheral populations in the face of novel environmental change: Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences, v. 292, no. 2038, 20242331, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.2331.","productDescription":"20242331, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156558","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.2331","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":480986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"292","issue":"2038","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoff, Samantha","contributorId":342962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoff","given":"Samantha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81956,"text":"University at Albany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoyt, Joseph R.","contributorId":201314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoyt","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langwig, Kate E.","contributorId":127717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langwig","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Luanne","contributorId":342965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Luanne","affiliations":[{"id":81959,"text":"BiodiversityWorks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olson, Elizabeth","contributorId":348920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":83415,"text":"Biodiversity Works","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Dell, Danielle","contributorId":342967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Dell","given":"Danielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81960,"text":"Nantucket Conservation Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pendergast, Casey","contributorId":348918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pendergast","given":"Casey","affiliations":[{"id":81956,"text":"University at Albany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Herzog, Carl J.","contributorId":342970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herzog","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Parise, Katy L.","contributorId":201310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parise","given":"Katy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Foster, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":177905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Turner, Wendy Christine 0000-0002-0302-1646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-1646","contributorId":287053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70271497,"text":"70271497 - 2025 - Cooling perspectives on the risk of pathogenic viruses from thawing permafrost","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-18T14:08:36.951238","indexId":"70271497","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-08T09:04:43","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17805,"text":"mSystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cooling perspectives on the risk of pathogenic viruses from thawing permafrost","docAbstract":"Climate change is inducing wide-scale permafrost thaw in the Arctic and subarctic, triggering concerns that long-dormant pathogens could reemerge from the thawing ground and initiate epidemics or pandemics. Viruses, as opposed to bacterial pathogens, garner particular interest because outbreaks cannot be controlled with antibiotics, though the effects can be mitigated by vaccines and newer antiviral drugs. To evaluate the potential hazards posed by viral pathogens emerging from thawing permafrost, we review information from a diverse range of disciplines. This includes efforts to recover infectious virus from human remains, studies on disease occurrence in polar animal populations, investigations into viral persistence and infectivity in permafrost, and assessments of human exposure to the enormous viral diversity present in the environment. Based on currently available knowledge, we conclude that the risk posed by viruses from thawing permafrost is no greater than viruses in other environments such as temperate soils and aquatic systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/msystems.00042-24","usgsCitation":"Mackelprang, R., Barbato, R.A., Ramey, A.M., Schutte, U.M., and Waldrop, M., 2025, Cooling perspectives on the risk of pathogenic viruses from thawing permafrost: mSystems, v. 10, e00042-24, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00042-24.","productDescription":"e00042-24, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171519","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00042-24","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mackelprang, Rachel","contributorId":200882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mackelprang","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7080,"text":"California State University, Northridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbato, Robyn A.","contributorId":361231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbato","given":"Robyn","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33087,"text":"Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schutte, Ursel M. 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As such, the State of Illinois initiated efforts to curb nutrient runoff over the last several decades. To evaluate progress towards these reductions, water-quality data were used to estimate incremental loads and yields of nitrate plus nitrite (NO3) and total phosphorus (TP) from 1997–2022 for 49 Illinois watersheds, defined using eight-digit hydrologic unit codes (HUC8), draining to the Mississippi River Basin. To estimate changes in NO3 and TP loads, recent loads from the period 2018 through 2022 were compared to baseline loads from 1997 through 2011. Nonpoint and point source loads, dissolved phosphorus (DP) loads, and water yields were also estimated. The sum of the incremental NO3 loads from the 49 HUC8s decreased 9% despite a 19% increase in water yield. Much of this decline occurred in HUC8s that had NO3 yields greater than 17 pounds per acre per year (lbs/acre/yr) during a 1997–2011 baseline period. The sum of all incremental HUC8 TP loads increased 25% despite a 27% reduction in point source discharge. Loads and yields were substantially larger for both NO3 and TP in the Chicago area. Outside the Chicago area, central and northern Illinois had higher NO3 yields than southern Illinois and a reverse pattern for TP where higher yields occur in southern Illinois. Nonpoint sources made up an estimated 82% and 78% of the NO3 and TP yields, respectively, across the HUC8s. In general, point source yields have mostly decreased over time, while nonpoint source yields varied depending on location and reflect the changes in the total yield.
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F.","contributorId":189364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIsaac","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":922674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70261943,"text":"70261943 - 2025 - Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) use of a staging site in the Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T15:58:41.105301","indexId":"70261943","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-08T08:31:42","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) use of a staging site in the Chesapeake Bay","title":"Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) use of a staging site in the Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"In 2021, we initiated fieldwork to assess the relative importance of a staging area for Sterna hirundo (Common Tern) at a pier at the confluence of the Patuxent River and Chesapeake Bay, MD. During the post-breeding periods of 2021 through 2023, we resighted 378 banded Common Terns at this staging area, with individuals originating from 6 breeding colonies. Most banded individuals were from Poplar Island, a major nesting site 50 km north of the pier, with up to 37% of that island's annual hatch-year population observed at this staging area. Additionally, biologists have previously observed staging terns at this site, suggesting these observations do not reflect a change in the species' behavior within the region. Cumulatively, our data suggest that this habitat acts as an important staging area for the Chesapeake Bay's Common Tern population, particularly for those nesting on Poplar Island.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/045.031.0413","usgsCitation":"Springer, B., Sullivan, J.D., Prosser, D.J., Rambo, K., and Price, J., 2025, Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) use of a staging site in the Chesapeake Bay: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 31, no. 4, p. 555-564, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.031.0413.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"555","endPage":"564","ipdsId":"IP-169973","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay, Patuxent River, Poplar Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.47539729451665,\n 38.83723086335985\n ],\n [\n -76.47539729451665,\n 38.64818684791629\n ],\n [\n -76.33733194779678,\n 38.64818684791629\n ],\n [\n -76.33733194779678,\n 38.83723086335985\n ],\n [\n -76.47539729451665,\n 38.83723086335985\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Springer, Benjamin","contributorId":347743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springer","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":52128,"text":"St. Mary’s College of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sullivan, Jeffery D. 0000-0002-9242-2432","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-2432","contributorId":265822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rambo, Kyle","contributorId":347745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rambo","given":"Kyle","affiliations":[{"id":83224,"text":"Naval Air Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Price, J. Jordan","contributorId":347746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"J. Jordan","affiliations":[{"id":52128,"text":"St. Mary’s College of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70268255,"text":"70268255 - 2025 - Factors regulating the potential for freshwater mineral soil wetlands to function as natural climate solutions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-18T15:14:39.891801","indexId":"70268255","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-08T08:09:36","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors regulating the potential for freshwater mineral soil wetlands to function as natural climate solutions","docAbstract":"There are increasing global efforts and initiatives aiming to tackle climate change and mitigate its impacts via natural climate solutions (NCS). Wetlands have been considered effective NCS given their capacity to sequester and retain atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) while also providing a myriad of other ecosystem functions that can assist in mitigating the impacts of climate change. However, wetlands have a dual impact on climate, influencing the atmospheric concentrations of both CO2 and methane (CH4). The cooling effect associated with wetland CO2 sequestration can be counterbalanced by the warming effect caused by CH4 emissions from wetlands. The relative ability of wetlands to sequester CO2 versus emit CH4 is dependent on a suite of interacting physical, chemical, and biological factors, making it difficult to determine if/which wetlands are considered important NCS. The fact that wetlands are embedded in landscapes with surface and subsurface hydrological connections to other wetlands (i.e., wetlandscapes) that flow over and through geochemically active soils and sediments adds a new layer of complexity and poses further challenges to understanding wetland carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas fluxes at large spatial scales. Our review demonstrates how additional scientific advances are required to understand the driving mechanisms associated with wetland carbon cycling under different environmental conditions. It is vital to understand wetland functionality at both wetland and wetlandscape scales to effectively implement wetlands as NCS to maximize ecological, social, and economic benefits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s13157-024-01893-6","usgsCitation":"Ma, S., Mistry, P., Badiou, P., Bansal, S., and Creed, I., 2025, Factors regulating the potential for freshwater mineral soil wetlands to function as natural climate solutions: Wetlands, v. 45, 11, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-024-01893-6.","productDescription":"11, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168393","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-024-01893-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":490913,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ma, Shizhou","contributorId":332984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Shizhou","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":940612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mistry, Purbasha","contributorId":332986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mistry","given":"Purbasha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":940613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Badiou, Pascal","contributorId":357028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Badiou","given":"Pascal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":940614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bansal, Sheel 0000-0003-1233-1707 sbansal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1233-1707","contributorId":167295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bansal","given":"Sheel","email":"sbansal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Creed, Irena F.","contributorId":204051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creed","given":"Irena F.","affiliations":[{"id":13255,"text":"University of Western Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70261984,"text":"sir20245120 - 2025 - Groundwater-storage change in the north Phoenix aquifer, Arizona, 2020–23","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-08T15:06:42.999733","indexId":"sir20245120","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T14:39:14","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2024-5120","displayTitle":"Groundwater-Storage Change in the North Phoenix Aquifer, Arizona, 2020–23","title":"Groundwater-storage change in the north Phoenix aquifer, Arizona, 2020–23","docAbstract":"The city of Phoenix, Arizona, relies primarily on surface water for municipal water supply. The city also maintains wells to withdraw groundwater, particularly in times of drought and reduced surface-water supply, and to recharge groundwater when excess surface water is available. As of 2023, withdrawals from the aquifer in the northeastern part of the city are a small volume of water, less than 3,000 acre-feet in most years. Each year a similar volume of water is recharged through injection wells. The withdrawal wells are permitted to produce in total more than 20,000 acre-feet per year; increased pumping could lead to future groundwater-storage declines.
To better understand groundwater-storage change in the north Phoenix aquifer, a repeat microgravity monitoring network was established in 2020. Measurements of changes in Earth’s gravity provide a direct, non-invasive measurement of subsurface mass change. Groundwater-storage changes were small during the 2020–23 study period, consistent with the relatively small volumes of pumping and recharge. Groundwater levels measured in monitoring wells were stable or increased slightly during this period, although the number of monitoring wells within the area of the gravity monitoring network is sparse. In total, about 15,000 acre-feet of water were pumped and 31,000 acre-feet recharged through injection in the north Phoenix aquifer during the 2020–22 period. Within the monitored area, groundwater storage increased by a small amount, about 1,000 acre-feet, in 2020, and decreased by a larger amount, about 6,000 acre-feet, each year in 2021 and 2022. Storage decreased at 89 of 102 stations from 2020 to 2023. Groundwater-storage decreases greater than the volume of net pumping indicate down-gradient subflow from the aquifer is greater than recharge plus incoming subflow, drying of the unsaturated zone resulting from decreased land-surface recharge, or both.
At present (2023), the aquifer appears able to store and supply the relatively small amounts of water needed without excessive drawdown or harmful effects, such as land subsidence and surface inundation. If pumping or recharge increases in the future, the established repeat microgravity network is well suited to capture the spatial extent and magnitude of groundwater-storage changes in the aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245120","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Phoenix Water Services","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, J.R., 2025, Groundwater-storage change in the north Phoenix aquifer, Arizona, 2020–23: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5021, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245120.","productDescription":"v, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-160459","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466450,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96Q1OZG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Repeat microgravity data from Phoenix, Arizona, 2020-2023"},{"id":465834,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5120/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":465835,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5120/sir20245120.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"North Phoenix aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.1,\n 33.8667\n ],\n [\n -112.1,\n 33.6\n ],\n [\n -111.8,\n 33.6\n ],\n [\n -111.8,\n 33.8667\n ],\n [\n -112.1,\n 33.8667\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
This study documents lidar-illuminated topographic lineaments interpreted as evidence of recent surface fault ruptures and surface ruptures related to distributed deformation along the Bennett Valley Fault Zone and the southernmost Maacama Fault Zone in the northern San Francisco Bay area (fig. 1, on map sheet). Together, these fault zones form a structural connection across a right stepover between the main Maacama Fault Zone and the Rodgers Creek Fault, overlapping principal strands of the San Andreas plate boundary system north of San Francisco Bay (figs. 1, 2, on map sheet) that accommodate about a quarter of the ~40 millimeters per year of regional dextral tectonic slip (Parsons and others, 2013).
Although much of the Bennett Valley Fault Zone is seismically active (McLaughlin and others, 2012; Sowers and others, 2010), only the north end of the fault zone (the “Spring Valley strand,” indicated on southern map panel of map sheet and labeled “D” in figure 2, on map sheet) was previously known to have youthful geomorphic expression and to displace Holocene deposits (McLaughlin and others, 2008; Sowers and others, 2010; Sowers and others, 2016). Holocene activity along the length of the Bennett Valley Fault Zone and southernmost Maacama Fault Zone, with possible implications for rupture propagation, continuity, and slip transfer, had not been identified. However, fault splays that project eastward from the Rodgers Creek Fault have been mapped and hypothesized to accommodate slip transfer to the Bennett Valley Fault Zone (Hecker and Randolph Loar, 2018). The generally subtle and distributed nature of surface-rupture evidence along the Bennett Valley and southernmost Maacama Fault Zones, and extensive vegetation cover, had left recent faulting previously unmapped along most of the zone.
The map presented here represents a new compilation of inferred surface-rupture features detected using high-resolution topographic lidar data from an airborne lidar survey of Sonoma County, California (OpenTopography, 2014). These data, which enable subtle topographic features to be discerned, indicate that recent (likely Holocene) surface ruptures extend throughout the Bennett Valley and southernmost Maacama Fault Zones.
The rupture-lineament map was created using a GIS (geographic information system) framework and is included herein as an image map at a scale of 1:36,000 and as digital datasets (included as supplemental information to this report). The mapping is intended to lay the groundwork for future studies designed to better characterize how plate-boundary slip is accommodated on this important and complex system of faults.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3529","usgsCitation":"Hecker, S., 2024, Map of topographic lineaments interpreted as recent surface ruptures along the Bennett Valley and Southern Maacama Fault Zones, Sonoma County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3529, scale 1:36,000, pamphlet 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3529.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 5 p.; 1 Sheet: 50.91 x 40.68 inches; Supplemental Information","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-143849","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465535,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3529/sim3529_sheet.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":465534,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3529/sim3529_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":465533,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3529/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":465536,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3529/sim3529_supInfo.zip","text":"Supplemental Information","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":492016,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118275.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Sonoma County","otherGeospatial":"Bennett Valley and Southern Maacama fault zones","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.125,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -123.125,\n 37.375\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 37.375\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -123.125,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Earthquake Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
350 N. Akron Road
Moffett Field, CA 94035
Evaluating how weather, farm management, and soil conditions impact phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural sites is essential for improving our waterways in agricultural watersheds. In this study, rainfall characteristics, manure application timing, tillage, surface condition, and soil test phosphorus (STP) were analyzed to determine their effects on total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved phosphorus (DP) loss using 125 site-years of runoff data collected by the University of Wisconsin Discovery Farms and Discovery Farms Minnesota. Three linear mixed models (LMMs) were then used to evaluate the influence of those factors on TP and DP losses: (1) a model that included all runoff events, (2) manured sites only, and (3) precipitation events only. Results show that the timing of manure application relative to the timing of a runoff event only had a marginal association with P loads and concentrations, although the majority of the runoff events were collected after 10 days of manure application. Tillage was as influential factor, with greater DP loads and concentrations associated with no-till, especially during frozen conditions. Fields in this study had high STP values, but the model results only showed positive associations between DP load and DP flow-weighted mean concentration (FWMC) loss at the 0- to 15-cm depth. The precipitation event LMM (which included precipitation characteristics) was the model that resulted in the largest R2 value. While the predictive capacity of the LMMs was low, they did illuminate the relative importance of management and environmental variables on P loss, and can be used to guide future research on P loss in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20662","usgsCitation":"Krueger, K., Thompson, A., Li, Q., Radatz, A., Cooley, E., Stuntebeck, T.D., Winslow, C., Oldfield, E., and Ruark, M., 2025, Exploring management and environment effects on edge-of-field phosphorus losses with linear mixed models: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 54, no. 2, p. 450-464, https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20662.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"464","ipdsId":"IP-154553","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466661,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20662","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":466018,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.67253208931788,\n 46.453472239766626\n ],\n [\n -96.53357725011335,\n 43.52335979339341\n ],\n [\n -91.25197772229393,\n 43.462001703986346\n ],\n [\n -91.04740751323666,\n 42.83358085977116\n ],\n [\n -90.69567476916163,\n 42.6339355953327\n ],\n [\n -88.04201458813054,\n 42.48198884581308\n ],\n [\n -87.61145222121533,\n 43.8914402724194\n ],\n [\n -92.82542026317009,\n 45.7061001895253\n ],\n [\n -96.67253208931788,\n 46.453472239766626\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krueger, Kelsey 0000-0002-2412-0694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-0694","contributorId":347852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Kelsey","affiliations":[{"id":83262,"text":"University of Wisconsin -Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Anita 0000-0002-6202-1742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6202-1742","contributorId":236844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Anita","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18002,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Qiang","contributorId":197310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":922653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Radatz, Amber","contributorId":217384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radatz","given":"Amber","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39612,"text":"UW Madison-Extension, UW Discovery Farms","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cooley, Eric","contributorId":151059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooley","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18174,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Extension Discovery Farms","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stuntebeck, Todd D. 0000-0002-8405-7295 tdstunte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-7295","contributorId":902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuntebeck","given":"Todd","email":"tdstunte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winslow, Christopher J.","contributorId":347853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winslow","given":"Christopher J.","affiliations":[{"id":83263,"text":"Ohio Sea Grant College Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oldfield, Emily 0000-0002-6181-1267","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6181-1267","contributorId":347854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oldfield","given":"Emily","affiliations":[{"id":15310,"text":"Environmental Defense Fund","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ruark, Matthew","contributorId":151056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruark","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70262101,"text":"70262101 - 2025 - Post-fire sediment yield from a western Sierra Nevada watershed burned by the 2021 Caldor Fire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T15:40:44.912559","indexId":"70262101","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T09:27:01","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5026,"text":"Earth and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-fire sediment yield from a western Sierra Nevada watershed burned by the 2021 Caldor Fire","docAbstract":"Watershed sediment yield commonly increases after wildfire, often causing negative impacts to downstream infrastructure and water resources. Post-fire erosion is important to understand and quantify because it is increasingly placing water supplies, habitat, communities, and infrastructure at risk as fire regimes intensify in a warming climate. However, measurements of post-fire sediment mobilization are lacking from many regions. We measured sediment yield from a forested, heavily managed 25.4-km2 watershed in the western Sierra Nevada, California, over 2 years following the 2021 Caldor Fire, by repeat mapping of a reservoir where sediment accumulated from terrain with moderate to high soil burn severity. Sediment yield was less than the geochronology-derived long-term average in the first year post-fire (conservatively estimated at 21.8–28.0 t/km2), low enough to be difficult to measure with uncrewed airborne system (UAS) and bathymetric sonar survey methods that are most effective at detecting larger sedimentary signals. In the second year post-fire the sediment delivery was 1,560–2,010 t/km2, an order of magnitude above long-term values, attributable to greater precipitation and intensive salvage logging. Hillslope erosion simulated by the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model overestimated the measured amount by a factor of 90 in the first year and in the second year by a factor (1.9) that aligned with previously determined model performance in northern California. We encourage additional field studies, and validation of erosion models where feasible, to further expand the range of conditions informing post-fire hazard assessments and management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003939","usgsCitation":"East, A.E., Logan, J.B., Dartnell, P., Dow, H.W., Lindsay, D.N., and Cavagnaro, D.B., 2025, Post-fire sediment yield from a western Sierra Nevada watershed burned by the 2021 Caldor Fire: Earth and Space Science, v. 12, no. 1, e2024EA003939, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003939.","productDescription":"e2024EA003939, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168883","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ea003939","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":466216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"2021 Caldor Fire burn zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.667,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -120.75,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -120.75,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -119.667,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -119.667,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logan, Joshua B. 0000-0002-6191-4119 jlogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-4119","contributorId":2335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Joshua","email":"jlogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":208208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dow, Helen Willemien 0000-0001-6386-5560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6386-5560","contributorId":299290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dow","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"Willemien","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lindsay, Donald N.","contributorId":216337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cavagnaro, David B.","contributorId":267181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavagnaro","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70264245,"text":"70264245 - 2025 - Prioritizing chemicals of emerging concern in the Great Lakes Basin using covariance of chemical concentrations and diverse biological responses from a variety of species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-10T14:26:58.704938","indexId":"70264245","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T09:22:26","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prioritizing chemicals of emerging concern in the Great Lakes Basin using covariance of chemical concentrations and diverse biological responses from a variety of species","docAbstract":"The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative aims to protect and restore the nation’s largest freshwater resource, in part, by furthering our understanding of the effects of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and chemical mixtures on aquatic and terrestrial organisms. To address this goal, an interagency team conducted field studies at sites along the Maumee River in Ohio, USA, in 2016–2017, monitoring CEC levels along with diverse in vitro and in vivo biological effects in ecologically relevant species (fathead minnows, tree swallows, and golden clams). The objective of the present work was to prioritize the CECs in these studies for further monitoring and assessment by determining if there are patterns in chemical–bioeffect relations across data sets, species, and response types that indicate relatively high or low hazard to aquatic life from CEC exposure. Of the 748 monitored chemicals, 425 were detected and were analyzed for covariance with bioeffects. All 748 chemicals were placed into 10 bins based on their frequencies of monitoring, detection, and covariance with bioeffects across studies and species. We describe how chemicals can be prioritized across bins to aid monitoring and assessment efforts. Our approach using effects-based monitoring data is especially useful for prioritizing chemicals with little or no traditional toxicity testing data. Similar evidence-based prioritizations will allow agencies to more efficiently allocate limited resources to improve the ability to protect aquatic and terrestrial organisms from adverse impacts due to contaminant exposure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgae094","usgsCitation":"Vitense, K., Loken, L.C., Maloney, E., Blackwell, B., Collette, T.W., Corsi, S., Custer, C.M., Davenport, E., Kohno, S., and Hummel, S.E., 2025, Prioritizing chemicals of emerging concern in the Great Lakes Basin using covariance of chemical concentrations and diverse biological responses from a variety of species: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 44, no. 3, p. 764-776, https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgae094.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"764","endPage":"776","ipdsId":"IP-165045","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgae094","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Maumee River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.4,\n 41.75\n ],\n [\n -83.9,\n 41.75\n ],\n [\n -83.9,\n 41.35\n ],\n [\n -83.4,\n 41.35\n ],\n [\n -83.4,\n 41.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vitense, Kelsey","contributorId":195720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vitense","given":"Kelsey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":930184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loken, Luke C. 0000-0003-3194-1498 lloken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-1498","contributorId":195600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loken","given":"Luke","email":"lloken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":930185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maloney, Erin C","contributorId":223418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maloney","given":"Erin C","affiliations":[{"id":40713,"text":"USACE Chicago District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":930186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blackwell, Brett R.","contributorId":173601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackwell","given":"Brett R.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":930187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collette, Timothy W.","contributorId":217482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collette","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":930188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corsi, Steven R. 0000-0003-0583-5536 srcorsi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-5536","contributorId":172002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"Steven R.","email":"srcorsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":930189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582 ccuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":1143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"ccuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":930190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Davenport, Erik","contributorId":245994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Erik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":930191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kohno, Satomi","contributorId":264174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kohno","given":"Satomi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":930192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hummel, Stephanie E.","contributorId":244149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hummel","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":25470,"text":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":930193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70262108,"text":"70262108 - 2025 - Exposure, sensitivity, or adaptive capacity? Reviewing assessments that use only two of three elements of climate change vulnerability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T15:24:57.27176","indexId":"70262108","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T09:20:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exposure, sensitivity, or adaptive capacity? Reviewing assessments that use only two of three elements of climate change vulnerability","docAbstract":"As climate change accelerates, understanding which species are most vulnerable and why they are vulnerable will be vital to inform conservation action. Climate change vulnerability assessments (CCVAs) are tools to assess species' responses to climate change, detect drivers of vulnerability, and inform conservation planning. CCVAs are commonly composed of three elements: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Incorporating all three elements can be challenging, and including only two of the three elements may be a more feasible approach in many systems. Although two-element CCVA approaches have become more common, their utility and procedures remain poorly documented. We conducted a literature review to explore the scope, methods, and rationale of CCVAs that use a two-element approach to assess vertebrate vulnerability. Despite the potential to expand CCVAs into understudied systems, two-element assessments had similar geographic and taxonomic biases as those previously detected in CCVAs in general. Methods varied, yet we found that variables used in two-element studies could be condensed into standardized categories to enhance comparability. Finally, limitations in data availability and computational resources were common rationales for using a two-element approach. By clarifying the purposes, opportunities, and limitations of two-element assessment, this review can aid in selecting appropriate methods for CCVAs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13293","usgsCitation":"Hyman, A., Crone, E., Benson, A., Dunham, J., Lynch, A., Thompson, L., and Mims, M.C., 2025, Exposure, sensitivity, or adaptive capacity? Reviewing assessments that use only two of three elements of climate change vulnerability: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 7, no. 1, e13293, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13293.","productDescription":"e13293, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-146253","costCenters":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13293","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":466214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hyman, Amanda A.","contributorId":348177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hyman","given":"Amanda A.","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crone, Erin R.","contributorId":348203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crone","given":"Erin R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":923201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benson, Abigail 0000-0002-4391-107X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4391-107X","contributorId":202078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Abigail","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunham, Jason 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":220078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lynch, Abigail J. 0000-0001-8449-8392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-8392","contributorId":207361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Abigail","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thompson, Laura 0000-0002-7884-6001","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-6001","contributorId":212190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mims, Meryl C. 0000-0003-0570-988X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0570-988X","contributorId":209951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mims","given":"Meryl","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":923124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70263314,"text":"70263314 - 2025 - A landscape-scale view of soil organic matter dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-05T14:57:21.534225","indexId":"70263314","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T08:53:40","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7460,"text":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A landscape-scale view of soil organic matter dynamics","docAbstract":"Soil carbon is an important component of the terrestrial carbon cycle and could be augmented through improved soil management to mitigate climate change. However, data gaps for numerous regions and a lack of understanding of the heterogeneity of biogeochemical processes across diverse soil landscapes hinder the development of large-scale representations of soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics. In this Perspective, we outline how understanding soil formation processes and complexity at the landscape scale can inform predictions of soil organic matter (SOM) cycling and soil carbon sequestration. Long-term alterations of the soil matrix caused by weathering and soil redistribution vary across climate zones and ecosystems, but particularly with the structure of landscapes at the regional scale. Thus, oversimplified generalizations that assume that the drivers of SOM dynamics can be scaled directly from local to global regimes and vice versa leads to large uncertainties in global projections of soil C stocks. Data-driven models with enhanced coverage of underrepresented regions, particularly where soils are physicochemically distinct and environmental change is most rapid, are key to understanding C turnover and stabilization at landscape scales to better predict global soil carbon dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00621-2","usgsCitation":"Doetterl, S., Berhe, A., Heckman, K., Lawrence, C., Schnecker, J., Vargas, R., Vogel, C., and Wagai, R., 2025, A landscape-scale view of soil organic matter dynamics: Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, v. 6, p. 67-81, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-024-00621-2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"81","ipdsId":"IP-165053","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doetterl, Sebastian","contributorId":240712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doetterl","given":"Sebastian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":926296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw","contributorId":350541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berhe","given":"Asmeret Asefaw","affiliations":[{"id":83765,"text":"UC Merced, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heckman, Katherine","contributorId":350542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heckman","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[{"id":36493,"text":"USDA Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawrence, Corey 0000-0001-6143-7781","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6143-7781","contributorId":202373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Corey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schnecker, Jörg","contributorId":350543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schnecker","given":"Jörg","affiliations":[{"id":39691,"text":"University of Vienna, Austria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vargas, Rodrigo","contributorId":350544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vargas","given":"Rodrigo","affiliations":[{"id":83766,"text":"University of Delaware, DE, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vogel, Cordula","contributorId":350545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogel","given":"Cordula","affiliations":[{"id":83767,"text":"Technical University, Dresden, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wagai, Rota","contributorId":350546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagai","given":"Rota","affiliations":[{"id":83768,"text":"National Ag. & Food Research Org., Tsukuba, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70264076,"text":"70264076 - 2025 - Generalized Bancroft algorithm for locating earthquakes with P- and S-wave arrival times","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T16:04:36.884619","indexId":"70264076","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T08:45:31","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generalized Bancroft algorithm for locating earthquakes with P- and S-wave arrival times","docAbstract":"Because of similarities between locating an earthquake with seismic stations and locating a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver from satellites, the Bancroft algorithm developed for GPS processing can be used to locate earthquakes. Such an approach to earthquake location differs from the conventional method of choosing an initial or trial solution and then iteratively improving the solution until convergence. The Bancroft algorithm has the advantage of being a direct, noniterative solution but with the disadvantage of only being able to accommodate a homogeneous velocity model. An additional limitation of the standard Bancroft algorithm is that it considers arrival times in a medium with a single propagation velocity. This poses no problem for GPS processing because electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light; however, for seismic waves it means the algorithm can be applied to collections of either P‐ or S‐wave arrival times. Here, I show how the Bancroft algorithm can be generalized to handle both P‐ and S‐wave arrival‐time measurements simultaneously. I also show how to accommodate depth‐varying P‐ and S‐wave velocity models. I apply the generalized Bancroft algorithm to microearthquakes beneath Tanaga Volcano in Alaska and compare standard locations from the widely used HYPOINVERSE location code to Bancroft locations and to the output of HYPOINVERSE when setting the trial location to the Bancroft location. I find the Bancroft locations outperform the results from the other methods for shallow earthquakes near sea level, where a quantity known as the geometric dilution of precision is large and linearized approaches such as HYPOINVERSE are expected to struggle.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1785/0120240058","usgsCitation":"Haney, M.M., 2025, Generalized Bancroft algorithm for locating earthquakes with P- and S-wave arrival times: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 115, no. 2, p. 367-378, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240058.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"378","ipdsId":"IP-164648","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482902,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanaga Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -178.29779673489296,\n 51.943189947842825\n ],\n [\n -178.29779673489296,\n 51.5889322915815\n ],\n [\n -177.61515092108772,\n 51.5889322915815\n ],\n [\n -177.61515092108772,\n 51.943189947842825\n ],\n [\n -178.29779673489296,\n 51.943189947842825\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. 0000-0003-3317-7884 mhaney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-7884","contributorId":172948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70262111,"text":"70262111 - 2025 - Invited perspectives: Integrating hydrologic information into the next generation of landslide early warning systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T15:19:09.571057","indexId":"70262111","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T08:12:25","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17114,"text":"Natural Hazards and Earth Systems Sciences (NHESS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invited perspectives: Integrating hydrologic information into the next generation of landslide early warning systems","docAbstract":"Although rainfall-triggered landslides are initiated by subsurface hydro-mechanical processes related to the loading, weakening, and eventual failure of slope materials, most landslide early warning systems (LEWS) have relied solely on rainfall event information. In previous decades, several studies demonstrated the value of integrating proxies for subsurface hydrologic information to improve rainfall-based forecasting of shallow landslides. More recently, broader access to commercial sensors and telemetry for real-time data transmission has invigorated new research into hydrometeorological thresholds for LEWS. Given the increasing number of studies across the globe using hydrologic monitoring, mathematical modeling, or both in combination, it is now possible to make some insights into the advantages versus limitations of this approach. The extensive progress demonstrates the value of in situ hydrologic information for reducing both failed and false alarms, through the ability to characterize infiltration during, as well as the drainage and drying processes between major storm events. There are also some areas for caution surrounding the long-term sustainability of subsurface monitoring in landslide-prone terrain, as well as unresolved questions in hillslope hydrologic modeling, which relies heavily on the assumptions of diffuse flow and vertical infiltration but often ignores preferential flow and lateral drainage. Here, we share a collective perspective based on our previous collaborative work across Europe, North America, Africa, and Asia to discuss these challenges and provide some guidelines for integrating knowledge of hydrology and climate into the next generation of LEWS. We propose that the greatest opportunity for improvement is through a measure-and-model approach to develop an understanding of landslide hydro-climatology that accounts for local controls on subsurface storage dynamics. Additionally, new efforts focused on the subsurface hydrology are complementary to existing rainfall-based methods, so leveraging these with near-term precipitation forecasts is a priority for increasing lead times.","language":"English","publisher":"EGU-Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/nhess-25-169-2025","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B., Bogaard, T., Greco, R., and Stähli, M., 2025, Invited perspectives: Integrating hydrologic information into the next generation of landslide early warning systems: Natural Hazards and Earth Systems Sciences (NHESS), v. 25, no. 1, p. 169-182, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-169-2025.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"182","ipdsId":"IP-159239","costCenters":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-169-2025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":466212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Sitka","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -136.68999201861402,\n 58.275013995525285\n ],\n [\n -136.68999201861402,\n 56.12160659807034\n ],\n [\n -134.31603477353784,\n 56.12160659807034\n ],\n [\n -134.31603477353784,\n 58.275013995525285\n ],\n [\n -136.68999201861402,\n 58.275013995525285\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":267912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bogaard, Thom","contributorId":348180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogaard","given":"Thom","affiliations":[{"id":33885,"text":"Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greco, Roberto","contributorId":348181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greco","given":"Roberto","affiliations":[{"id":83312,"text":"University of Campania, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stähli, Manfred","contributorId":348182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stähli","given":"Manfred","affiliations":[{"id":83313,"text":"Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70261986,"text":"70261986 - 2025 - Understanding the influence of image enhancement on underwater object detection: A quantitative and qualitative study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-08T15:12:36.034936","indexId":"70261986","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-07T08:07:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the influence of image enhancement on underwater object detection: A quantitative and qualitative study","docAbstract":"Underwater image enhancement is often perceived as a disadvantageous process to object detection. We propose a novel analysis of the interactions between enhancement and detection, elaborating on the potential of enhancement to improve detection. In particular, we evaluate object detection performance for each individual image rather than across the entire set to allow a direct performance comparison of each image before and after enhancement. This approach enables the generation of unique queries to identify the outperforming and underperforming enhanced images compared to the original images. To accomplish this, we first produce enhanced image sets of the original images using recent image enhancement models. Each enhanced set is then divided into two groups: (1) images that outperform or match the performance of the original images and (2) images that underperform. Subsequently, we create mixed original-enhanced sets by replacing underperforming enhanced images with their corresponding original images. Next, we conduct a detailed analysis by evaluating all generated groups for quality and detection performance attributes. Finally, we perform an overlap analysis between the generated enhanced sets to identify cases where the enhanced images of different enhancement algorithms unanimously outperform, equally perform, or underperform the original images. Our analysis reveals that, when evaluated individually, most enhanced images achieve equal or superior performance compared to their original counterparts. The proposed method uncovers variations in detection performance that are not apparent in a whole set as opposed to a per-image evaluation because the latter reveals that only a small percentage of enhanced images cause an overall negative impact on detection. We also find that over-enhancement may lead to deteriorated object detection performance. Lastly, we note that enhanced images reveal hidden objects that were not annotated due to the low visibility of the original images.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs17020185","usgsCitation":"Saleem, A., Awad, A., Paheding, S., Lucas, E., Havens, T., and Esselman, P., 2025, Understanding the influence of image enhancement on underwater object detection: A quantitative and qualitative study: Remote Sensing, v. 17, no. 2, 185, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17020185.","productDescription":"185, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173511","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17020185","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":465876,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saleem, Ashraf","contributorId":347827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saleem","given":"Ashraf","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Awad, Ali","contributorId":347828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Awad","given":"Ali","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paheding, Sidike","contributorId":347829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paheding","given":"Sidike","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lucas, Evan","contributorId":347830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucas","given":"Evan","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Havens, Timothy C.","contributorId":347831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Havens","given":"Timothy C.","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esselman, Peter C. 0000-0002-0085-903X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-903X","contributorId":204291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esselman","given":"Peter C.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70264792,"text":"70264792 - 2025 - Metal-rich lacustrine sediments from legacy mining perpetuate copper exposure to aquatic-riparian food webs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-24T15:15:08.725175","indexId":"70264792","displayToPublicDate":"2025-01-06T10:12:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal-rich lacustrine sediments from legacy mining perpetuate copper exposure to aquatic-riparian food webs","docAbstract":"Historic copper mining left a legacy of metal-rich tailings resulting in ecological impacts along and within Torch Lake, an area of concern in the Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan, USA. Given the toxicity of copper to invertebrates, this study assessed the influence of this legacy on present day nearshore aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We measured the metal (Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd) and metalloid (As) concentrations in sediment, pore water, surface water, larval and adult insects, and two riparian spider taxa collected from Torch Lake and a nearby reference lake. Overall, elevated metal and metalloid concentrations, particularly Cu, were measured in all sediment samples and some surface and pore water samples collected from Torch Lake. For instance, Cu concentrations in the Torch Lake sediment were ∼200% higher than the reference lake and all measured concentrations exceeded predicted effects concentrations by at least ninefold. Within larval insect tissues, we observed 160% higher Cu concentrations than measured in the reference lake, and Cu was the only measured element above predicted effects concentrations in Torch Lake. Adult insects collected at both lakes had similar metal concentrations irrespective of exposure levels. Yet we found 100% higher copper concentrations in Torch Lake riparian spiders, demonstrating elevated exposure risk to insectivores across the aquatic-terrestrial boundary. Our results highlight that other metals in the mixture may not be as concerning to adjacent riparian ecosystems, but copper remains a contaminant of concern in Torch Lake 60 years after mining ceased.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjae023","usgsCitation":"Perrotta, B.G., Kidd, K.A., Campbell, K.M., Croteau, M.N., Kane, T., Marcarelli, A., McCleskey, R., Paterson, G., Stricker, C.A., and Walters, D., 2025, Metal-rich lacustrine sediments from legacy mining perpetuate copper exposure to aquatic-riparian food webs: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 21, no. 2, p. 414-424, https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjae023.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"414","endPage":"424","ipdsId":"IP-162301","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p2/1420","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Keweenaw Peninsula, Torch Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.39059185784572,\n 47.193929098280194\n ],\n [\n -88.40680733939881,\n 47.19487803718532\n ],\n [\n -88.4300122526558,\n 47.17473802981718\n ],\n [\n -88.45978723171494,\n 47.150306379141526\n ],\n [\n -88.46223353281127,\n 47.13961178665928\n ],\n [\n -88.4590882885447,\n 47.130818916798404\n ],\n [\n -88.45153970230429,\n 47.131101806232955\n ],\n [\n -88.43113056172831,\n 47.155728212429736\n ],\n [\n -88.41072142115289,\n 47.150310604906245\n ],\n [\n -88.40485029852168,\n 47.15439926382797\n ],\n [\n -88.39143058965003,\n 47.17910442718053\n ],\n [\n -88.39059185784572,\n 47.193929098280194\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perrotta, Brittany G. 0000-0003-2669-3047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2669-3047","contributorId":301929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perrotta","given":"Brittany","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kidd, Karen A.","contributorId":201554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kidd","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":25502,"text":"McMaster University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, Kate M. 0000-0002-8715-5544 kcampbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-5544","contributorId":1441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Kate","email":"kcampbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Croteau, Marie Noele 0000-0003-0346-3580 mcroteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-3580","contributorId":895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croteau","given":"Marie","email":"mcroteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Noele","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kane, Tyler 0000-0003-2511-7312 tkane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2511-7312","contributorId":195588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"Tyler","email":"tkane@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":931702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marcarelli, Amy M.","contributorId":272244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marcarelli","given":"Amy M.","affiliations":[{"id":56375,"text":"isu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCleskey, R. 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