{"pageNumber":"990","pageRowStart":"24725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40811,"records":[{"id":70028184,"text":"70028184 - 2006 - Foraging patterns and prey selection in an increasing and expanding sea otter population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028184","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging patterns and prey selection in an increasing and expanding sea otter population","docAbstract":"Focal observations of sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) foraging patterns and prey selection were collected in coastal Washington between 1993 and 1999. Records consisted of 13,847 individual dives from 841 feeding bouts ranging from 1 min to >4 h. Average dive time was 55 s ?? 0.9 SE and average surface time was 45 s ?? 2.3 SE, irrespective of dive success. At least 77% of all dives (n = 10,636) were successful prey captures (dives in low light or of undetermined success were excluded). Prey capture success was significantly lower for subadults (63% ?? 5 SE) than adults (82% ?? 1 SE; P < 0.001). Sea otters occupying the established population range on the outer coast of Washington fed heavily on bivalves (63%) and had a diverse diet consisting of several prey groups (n = 10). In contrast, sea otters occupying new habitat in the Strait of Juan de Fuca had a restricted diet dominated by >60% red urchins (Strongylocentrotus franciscanus), with only 2 other prey species comprising >10% of their diet. Prey size and prey category were dominant predictor variables in generalized linear models of dive duration and postdive surface duration on successful dives. Significant increases in areal extent of surface canopy of giant kelp (Macrocystis integrifolia) and bull kelp (Nereocystis leutkeana) were found both in the outer coast and the Strait of Juan de Fuca (0.4-0.5 km2 per year, P < 0.05) and suggest increasing suitable habitat for a growing population. The growth and expansion of a small and isolated sea otter population provides a unique opportunity to examine the relationship between dietary diversity and population status and explore similarities and differences between trophic paradigms established for sea otter populations at other localities. ?? 2006 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/05-MAMM-A-244R2.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Laidre, K., and Jameson, R., 2006, Foraging patterns and prey selection in an increasing and expanding sea otter population: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 87, no. 4, p. 799-807, https://doi.org/10.1644/05-MAMM-A-244R2.1.","startPage":"799","endPage":"807","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477366,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/05-mamm-a-244r2.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210124,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/05-MAMM-A-244R2.1"},{"id":236950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12ffe4b0c8380cd5449a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laidre, K.L.","contributorId":88319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laidre","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jameson, R.J.","contributorId":56581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jameson","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028037,"text":"70028037 - 2006 - Groundwater-surface water interaction in the riparian zone of an incised channel, Walnut Creek, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028037","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater-surface water interaction in the riparian zone of an incised channel, Walnut Creek, Iowa","docAbstract":"Riparian zones of many incised channels in agricultural regions are cropped to the channel edge leaving them unvegetated for large portions of the year. In this study we evaluated surface and groundwater interaction in the riparian zone of an incised stream during a spring high flow period using detailed stream stage and hydraulic head data from six wells, and water quality sampling to determine whether the riparian zone can be a source of nitrate pollution to streams. Study results indicated that bank storage of stream water from Walnut Creek during a large storm water runoff event was limited to a narrow 1.6 m zone immediately adjacent to the channel. Nitrate concentrations in riparian groundwater were highest near the incised stream where the unsaturated zone was thickest. Nitrate and dissolved oxygen concentrations and nitrate-chloride ratios increased during a spring recharge period then decreased in the latter portion of the study. We used MODFLOW and MT3DMS to evaluate dilution and denitrification processes that would contribute to decreasing nitrate concentrations in riparian groundwater over time. MT3DMS model simulations were improved with a denitrification rate of 0.02 1/d assigned to the floodplain sediments implying that denitrification plays an important role in reducing nitrate concentrations in groundwater. We conclude that riparian zones of incised channels can potentially be a source of nitrate to streams during spring recharge periods when the near-stream riparian zone is largely unvegetated. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.11.014","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., Li, Z., and Zhang, Y., 2006, Groundwater-surface water interaction in the riparian zone of an incised channel, Walnut Creek, Iowa: Journal of Hydrology, v. 327, no. 1-2, p. 140-150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.11.014.","startPage":"140","endPage":"150","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210389,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.11.014"}],"volume":"327","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dd1e4b0c8380cd5c057","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Z.","contributorId":29160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Y.-K.","contributorId":44309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Y.-K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028066,"text":"70028066 - 2006 - Niche evolution and adaptive radiation: Testing the order of trait divergence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70028066","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Niche evolution and adaptive radiation: Testing the order of trait divergence","docAbstract":"In the course of an adaptive radiation, the evolution of niche parameters is of particular interest for understanding modes of speciation and the consequences for coexistence of related species within communities. We pose a general question: In the course of an evolutionary radiation, do traits related to within-community niche differences (?? niche) evolve before or after differentiation of macrohabitat affinity or climatic tolerances (?? niche)? Here we introduce a new test to address this question, based on a modification of the method of independent contrasts. The divergence order test (DOT) is based on the average age of the nodes on a tree, weighted by the absolute magnitude of the contrast at each node for a particular trait. The comparison of these weighted averages reveals whether large divergences for one trait have occurred earlier or later in the course of diversification, relative to a second trait; significance is determined by bootstrapping from maximum-likelihood ancestral state reconstructions. The method is applied to the evolution of Ceanothus, a woody plant group in California, in which co-occurring species exhibit significant differences in a key leaf trait (specific leaf area) associated with contrasting physiological and life history strategies. Co-occurring species differ more for this trait than expected under a null model of community assembly. This ?? niche difference evolved early in the divergence of two major subclades within Ceanothus, whereas climatic distributions (?? niche traits) diversified later within each of the subclades. However, rapid evolution of climate parameters makes inferences of early divergence events highly uncertain, and differentiation of the ?? niche might have taken place throughout the evolution of the group, without leaving a clear phylogenetic signal. Similar patterns observed in several plant and animal groups suggest that early divergence of ?? niche traits might be a common feature of niche evolution in many adaptive radiations. ?? 2006 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Ackerly, D., Schwilk, D., and Webb, C., 2006, Niche evolution and adaptive radiation: Testing the order of trait divergence: Ecology, v. 87, no. 7 SUPPL.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"7 SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6637e4b0c8380cd72d55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerly, D. D.","contributorId":94077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackerly","given":"D. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwilk, D.W.","contributorId":29770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwilk","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, C.O.","contributorId":57255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"C.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028086,"text":"70028086 - 2006 - Modeling of gene expression pattern alteration by p,p′-DDE and dieldrin in largemouth bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-20T09:02:41","indexId":"70028086","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2664,"text":"Marine Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of gene expression pattern alteration by p,p′-DDE and dieldrin in largemouth bass","docAbstract":"

In this study, largemouth bass (LMB) were subchronically exposed to p,p′-DDE or dieldrin in their diet to evaluate the effect of exposure on expression of genes involved in reproduction and steroid homeostasis. Using real-time PCR, we detected a different gene expression pattern for each OCP, suggesting that they each affect LMB in a different way. We also detected a different expression pattern among sexes, suggesting that sexes are affected differently by OCPs perhaps reflecting the different adaptive responses of each sex to dysregulation caused by OCP exposure.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.04.049","issn":"01411136","usgsCitation":"Garcia-Reyero, N., Barber, D., Gross, T., and Denslow, N., 2006, Modeling of gene expression pattern alteration by p,p′-DDE and dieldrin in largemouth bass: Marine Environmental Research, v. 62, no. SUPPL. 1, p. 415-419, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.04.049.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"419","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477467,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1810567","text":"External Repository"},{"id":236945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210119,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.04.049"}],"volume":"62","issue":"SUPPL. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c14e4b0c8380cd6f9fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia-Reyero, Natalia","contributorId":43961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia-Reyero","given":"Natalia","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":26924,"text":"USArmy Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":416482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, David","contributorId":19747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gross, Timothy","contributorId":40390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Denslow, Nancy","contributorId":26268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denslow","given":"Nancy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79482,"text":"ofr20061267 - 2006 - 2005 annual progress report: Elk and bison grazing ecology in the Great Sand Dunes complex of lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T14:15:45","indexId":"ofr20061267","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1267","title":"2005 annual progress report: Elk and bison grazing ecology in the Great Sand Dunes complex of lands","docAbstract":"

In 2000 the U.S. Congress authorized the expansion of the former Great Sand Dunes National Monument by establishing a new Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in its place, and establishing the Baca National Wildlife Refuge. The establishment of Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and the new Baca National Wildlife Refuge in the San Luis Valley (SLV), Colorado was one of the most significant land conservation actions in the western U.S. in recent years. The action was a result of cooperation between the National Park Service (NPS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Forest Service (USDA-FS), and The Nature Conservancy (TNC). The new national park, when fully implemented, will consist of 107,265 acres, the new national preserve 41,872 acres, and the new national wildlife refuge (USFWS lands) 92,180 acres (fig. 1). The area encompassed by this designation protects a number of natural wonders and features including a unique ecosystem of natural sand dunes, the entire watershed of surface and groundwaters that are necessary to preserve and recharge the dunes and adjacent wetlands, a unique stunted forest, and other valuable riparian vegetation communities that support a host of associated wildlife and bird species.

\n

When the National Park was initially established, there were concerns about overconcentrations and impacts on native plant communities of the unhunted segments of a large and possibly growing elk (Cervus elaphus) population. This led to the designation of the Preserve as a compromise solution, where the elk could be harvested. The Preserve Unit, however, will not address all the ungulate management challenges. In order to reduce the current elk population, harvests of elk may need to be aggressive. But aggressive special hunts of elk to achieve population reductions can result in elk avoidance of certain areas or elk seeking refuge in areas where they cannot be hunted, while removals of whole herd segments and abandonment or alterations of migration routes can occur (Smith and Robbins, 1994; Boyce and others, 1991). Elk may seek refuge from hunting in the newly expanded Park Unit and TNC lands where they might overconcentrate and impact unique vegetation communities. In these sites of refugia, or preferred loafing sites, elk and bison could accelerate a decline in woody riparian shrubs and trees. This decline may also be due to changes in hydrology, climatic, or dunal processes, but ungulate herbivory might exacerbate the effects of those processes.

\n

To address the questions and needs of local resource managers, a multi-agency research project was initiated in 2005 to study the ecology, forage relations, and habitat relations of elk and bison in the Great Sand Dunes–Sangre de Cristo–Baca complex of lands. Meetings and discussions of what this research should include were started in 2001 with representatives from NPS, USFWS, TNC, the Colorado Division of Wildlife (CDOW), and USDA-FS/BLM. The final study plan was successfully funded in 2004 with research scheduled to start in 2005. The research was designed to encompass three major study elements: (1) animal movements and population dynamics, (2) vegetation and nutrient effects from ungulate herbivory, and (3) development of ecological models, using empirical data collected from the first two components, that will include estimates of elk carrying capacity and management scenarios for resource managers.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061267","usgsCitation":"Schoenecker, K.A., Lubow, B., Zeigenfuss, L., and Mao, J., 2006, 2005 annual progress report: Elk and bison grazing ecology in the Great Sand Dunes complex of lands: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1267, viii, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061267.","productDescription":"viii, 45 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061267.PNG"},{"id":320220,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1267/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Baca National Wildlife Refuge, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.86975097656249,\n 37.54893261064109\n ],\n [\n -105.86975097656249,\n 37.913867495923746\n ],\n [\n -105.49072265625,\n 37.913867495923746\n ],\n [\n -105.49072265625,\n 37.54893261064109\n ],\n [\n -105.86975097656249,\n 37.54893261064109\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd491fe4b0b290850eee8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenecker, Kate A.","contributorId":64343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lubow, Bruce C.","contributorId":59520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubow","given":"Bruce C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zeigenfuss, Linda 0000-0002-6700-8563 linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-8563","contributorId":2079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"Linda","email":"linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mao, Julie","contributorId":74460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mao","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028181,"text":"70028181 - 2006 - Microsatellite DNA markers for assessing phylogeographic and population structure in Preble's meadow jumping mice (Zapus hudsonius preblei) and cross-amplification among neighbouring taxa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028181","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2775,"text":"Molecular Ecology Notes","onlineIssn":"1471-8286","printIssn":"1471-8278","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microsatellite DNA markers for assessing phylogeographic and population structure in Preble's meadow jumping mice (Zapus hudsonius preblei) and cross-amplification among neighbouring taxa","docAbstract":"We document the isolation and characterization of 14 tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA markers in Preble's meadow jumping mouse (Zapus hudsonius preblei). The identified markers displayed moderate levels of allelic diversity (averaging 4.9 alleles per locus) and heterozygosity (averaging 55.1%). Genotypic and allelic frequencies in a collection of 30 individuals conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations and indicated no linkage disequilibrium. High levels of cross-amplification (95% overall) among neighbouring subspecies and two congeners (Zapus princeps and Zapus trinotatus) were observed. Multilocus genotypes resulting from these markers appear to provide ample genetic diversity for studies assessing individual- and population-level ecological interactions within Z. h. preblei and evolutionary relationships among neighbouring subspecies (Z. h. campestris, Z. h. intermedius, Z. h. pallidus and Z. h. luteus). ?? 2006 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology Notes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01293.x","issn":"14718278","usgsCitation":"King, T., Eackles, M., and Young, C., 2006, Microsatellite DNA markers for assessing phylogeographic and population structure in Preble's meadow jumping mice (Zapus hudsonius preblei) and cross-amplification among neighbouring taxa: Molecular Ecology Notes, v. 6, no. 3, p. 670-673, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01293.x.","startPage":"670","endPage":"673","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210071,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01293.x"},{"id":236879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a569ce4b0c8380cd6d6d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eackles, M.S.","contributorId":79059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eackles","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, C.","contributorId":67709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028286,"text":"70028286 - 2006 - Mussel dynamics model: A hydroinformatics tool for analyzing the effects of different stressors on the dynamics of freshwater mussel communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028286","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mussel dynamics model: A hydroinformatics tool for analyzing the effects of different stressors on the dynamics of freshwater mussel communities","docAbstract":"A model for simulating freshwater mussel population dynamics is presented. The model is a hydroinformatics tool that integrates principles from ecology, river hydraulics, fluid mechanics and sediment transport, and applies the individual-based modelling approach for simulating population dynamics. The general model layout, data requirements, and steps of the simulation process are discussed. As an illustration, simulation results from an application in a 10 km reach of the Upper Mississippi River are presented. The model was used to investigate the spatial distribution of mussels and the effects of food competition in native unionid mussel communities, and communities infested by Dreissena polymorpha, the zebra mussel. Simulation results were found to be realistic and coincided with data obtained from the literature. These results indicate that the model can be a useful tool for assessing the potential effects of different stressors on long-term population dynamics, and consequently, may improve the current understanding of cause and effect relationships in freshwater mussel communities. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.03.018","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"Morales, Y., Weber, L., Mynett, A., and Newton, T., 2006, Mussel dynamics model: A hydroinformatics tool for analyzing the effects of different stressors on the dynamics of freshwater mussel communities: Ecological Modelling, v. 197, no. 3-4, p. 448-460, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.03.018.","startPage":"448","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210102,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.03.018"},{"id":236921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"197","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60dfe4b0c8380cd71713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morales, Y.","contributorId":47961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morales","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weber, L.J.","contributorId":79988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mynett, A.E.","contributorId":31188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mynett","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1015175,"text":"1015175 - 2006 - The effect of multiple stressors on salt marsh end-of-season biomass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T15:40:16","indexId":"1015175","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of multiple stressors on salt marsh end-of-season biomass","docAbstract":"

It is becoming more apparent that commonly used statistical methods (e.g. analysis of variance and regression) are not the best methods for estimating limiting relationships or stressor effects. A major challenge of estimating the effects associated with a measured subset of limiting factors is to account for the effects of unmeasured factors in an ecologically realistic matter. We used quantile regression to elucidate multiple stressor effects on end-of-season biomass data from two salt marsh sites in coastal Louisiana collected for 18 yr. Stressor effects evaluated based on available data were flooding, salinity air temperature, cloud cover, precipitation deficit, grazing by muskrat, and surface water nitrogen and phosphorus. Precipitation deficit combined with surface water nitrogen provided the best two-parameter model to explain variation in the peak biomass with different slopes and intercepts for the two study sites. Precipitation deficit, cloud cover, and temperature were significantly correlated with each other. Surface water nitrogen was significantly correlated with surface water phosphorus and muskrat density. The site with the larger duration of flooding showed reduced peak biomass, when cloud cover and surface water nitrogen were optimal. Variation in the relatively low salinity occurring in our study area did not explain any of the variation in Spartina alterniflora biomass.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02782001","usgsCitation":"Visser, J., Sasser, C., and Cade, B., 2006, The effect of multiple stressors on salt marsh end-of-season biomass: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 29, no. 2, p. 331-342, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02782001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"342","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66764b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Visser, J.M.","contributorId":23900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Visser","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sasser, C.E.","contributorId":81067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasser","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028163,"text":"70028163 - 2006 - Evolution of the CD4 family: teleost fish possess two divergent forms of CD4 in addition to lymphocyte activation gene-3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-17T16:31:55","indexId":"70028163","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2350,"text":"Journal of Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of the CD4 family: teleost fish possess two divergent forms of CD4 in addition to lymphocyte activation gene-3","docAbstract":"

The T cell coreceptor CD4 is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the Ig superfamily and is essential for cell-mediated immunity. Two different genes were identified in rainbow trout that resemble mammalian CD4. One (trout CD4) encodes four extracellular Ig domains reminiscent off mammalian CD4, whereas the other (CD4REL) codes for two Ig domains. Structural motifs within the amino acid sequences suggest that the two Ig domains of CD4REL duplicated to generate the four-domain molecule of CD4 and the related gene, lymphocyte activation gene-3. Here we present evidence that both of these molecules in trout are homologous to mammalian CD4 and that teleosts encode an additional CD4 family member, lymphocyte activation gene-3, which is a marker for activated T cells. The syntenic relationships of similar genes in other teleost and non-fish genomes provide evidence for the likely evolution of CD4-related molecules in vertebrates, with CD4REL likely representing the primordial form in fish. Expression of both CD4 genes is highest in the thymus and spleen, and mRNA expression of these genes is limited to surface IgM- lymphocytes, consistent with a role for T cell functionality. Finally, the intracellular regions of both CD4 and CD4REL possess the canonical CXC motif involved in the interaction off CD4 with p56LCK, implying that similar mechanisms for CD4 + T cell activation are present in all vertebrates. Our results therefore raise new questions about T cell development and functionality in lower vertebrates that cannot be answered by current mammalian models and, thus, is of fundamental importance for understanding the evolution of cell-mediated immunity in gnathosomes. Copyright ?? 2006 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Immunologists","doi":"10.4049/jimmunol.177.6.3939","issn":"00221767","usgsCitation":"Laing, K., Zou, J., Purcell, M.K., Phillips, R., Secombes, C., and Hansen, J., 2006, Evolution of the CD4 family: teleost fish possess two divergent forms of CD4 in addition to lymphocyte activation gene-3: Journal of Immunology, v. 177, no. 6, p. 3939-3951, https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.6.3939.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3939","endPage":"3951","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477360,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.6.3939","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"177","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d87e4b0c8380cd53085","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laing, K.J.","contributorId":17037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laing","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zou, J.J.","contributorId":72580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zou","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Purcell, M. K.","contributorId":78464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, R.","contributorId":49081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Secombes, C.J.","contributorId":74568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Secombes","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hansen, J.D.","contributorId":107880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1015169,"text":"1015169 - 2006 - A tamarisk habitat suitability map for the continental US","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T15:25:48","indexId":"1015169","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tamarisk habitat suitability map for the continental US","docAbstract":"

This paper presents a national-scale map of habitat suitability for tamarisk (Tamarix spp, salt cedar), a high-priority invasive species. We successfully integrate satellite data and tens of thousands of field sampling points through logistic regression modeling to create a habitat suitability map that is 90% accurate. This interagency effort uses field data collected and coordinated through the US Geological Survey and nationwide environmental data layers derived from NASA's MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We demonstrate the use of the map by ranking the 48 continental US states (and the District of Columbia) based on their absolute, as well as proportional, areas of “highly likely” and “moderately likely” habitat for Tamarix. The interagency effort and modeling approach presented here could be used to map other harmful species, in the US and globally.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/1540-9295(2006)004[0012:ATHSMF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Morisette, J., Jarnevich, C., Ullah, A., Cai, W., Pedelty, J., Gentle, J., Stohlgren, T., and Schnase, J., 2006, A tamarisk habitat suitability map for the continental US: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 4, no. 1, p. 11-17, https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2006)004[0012:ATHSMF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5c73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morisette, J.T.","contributorId":57029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnevich, C. S.","contributorId":54932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"C. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ullah, A.","contributorId":82664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ullah","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cai, W.","contributorId":9216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pedelty, J.A.","contributorId":41788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedelty","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gentle, J.E.","contributorId":81066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gentle","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schnase, J.L.","contributorId":62184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnase","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70028136,"text":"70028136 - 2006 - Erosion of steepland valleys by debris flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70028136","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosion of steepland valleys by debris flows","docAbstract":"Episodic debris flows scour the rock beds of many steepland valleys. Along recent debris-flow runout paths in the western United States, we have observed evidence for bedrock lowering, primarily by the impact of large particles entrained in debris flows. This evidence may persist to the point at which debris-flow deposition occurs, commonly at slopes of less than ???0.03-0.10. We find that debris-flow-scoured valleys have a topographic signature that is fundamentally different from that predicted by bedrock river-incision models. Much of this difference results from the fact that local valley slope shows a tendency to decrease abruptly downstream of tributaries that contribute throughgoing debris flows. The degree of weathering of valley floor bedrock may also decrease abruptly downstream of such junctions. On the basis of these observations, we hypothesize that valley slope is adjusted to the long-term frequency of debris flows, and that valleys scoured by debris flows should not be modeled using conventional bedrock river-incision laws. We use field observations to justify one possible debris-flow incision model, whose lowering rate is proportional to the integral of solid inertial normal stresses from particle impacts along the flow and the number of upvalley debris-flow sources. The model predicts that increases in incision rate caused by increases in flow event frequency and length (as flows gain material) downvalley are balanced by rate reductions from reduced inertial normal stress at lower slopes, and stronger, less weathered bedrock. These adjustments lead to a spatially uniform lowering rate. Although the proposed expression leads to equilibrium long-profiles with the correct topographic signature, the crudeness with which the debris-flow dynamics are parameterized reveals that we are far from a validated debris-flow incision law. However, the vast extent of steepland valley networks above slopes of ???0.03-0.10 illustrates the need to understand debris-flow incision if we hope to understand the evolution of steep topography around the world. ?? 2006 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25902.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Stock, J., and Dietrich, W.E., 2006, Erosion of steepland valleys by debris flows: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, no. 9-10, p. 1125-1148, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25902.1.","startPage":"1125","endPage":"1148","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210367,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25902.1"},{"id":237263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a3ce4b0c8380cd5226f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stock, J. D. 0000-0001-8565-3577","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8565-3577","contributorId":79998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stock","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietrich, W. E.","contributorId":47538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dietrich","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028135,"text":"70028135 - 2006 - Effects of substrate and hydrodynamic conditions on the formation of mussel beds in a large river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70028135","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of substrate and hydrodynamic conditions on the formation of mussel beds in a large river","docAbstract":"A numerical model for simulation of freshwater mussel dynamics was used to investigate the effects of substrate and hydrodynamic conditions on the formation of mussel beds in a 10-km reach of the Upper Mississippi River (UMR). Suitable habitats for mussel survival were identified by creating a dimensionless parameter (shear stress ratio) combining shear force and substrate type. This parameter is a measure of substrate stability that could be used in many different applications. Dispersal of juvenile mussels with flow as they detach from their fish hosts was simulated by a particle-tracking mechanism that identified suitable areas for colonization with the potential to evolve into mussel beds. Simulated areas of mussel accumulation coincided with reported locations of mussel beds, and simulated densities were in the range of abundant mussel beds in other reaches of the UMR. These results, although more qualitative than quantitative, provide insight into factors influencing the formation of mussel beds in a large river. ?? 2006 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[664:EOSAHC]2.0.CO;2","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Morales, Y., Weber, L., Mynett, A., and Newton, T., 2006, Effects of substrate and hydrodynamic conditions on the formation of mussel beds in a large river: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 25, no. 3, p. 664-676, https://doi.org/10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[664:EOSAHC]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"664","endPage":"676","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477711,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1899/0887-3593%282006%2925%5B664%3AEOSAHC%5D2.0.CO%3B2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":210366,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[664:EOSAHC]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":237262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07e6e4b0c8380cd518b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morales, Y.","contributorId":47961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morales","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weber, L.J.","contributorId":79988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mynett, A.E.","contributorId":31188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mynett","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028134,"text":"70028134 - 2006 - The composite method: An improved method for stream-water solute load estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70028134","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The composite method: An improved method for stream-water solute load estimation","docAbstract":"The composite method is an alternative method for estimating stream-water solute loads, combining aspects of two commonly used methods: the regression-model method (which is used by the composite method to predict variations in concentrations between collected samples) and a period-weighted approach (which is used by the composite method to apply the residual concentrations from the regression model over time). The extensive dataset collected at the outlet of the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW) near Atlanta, Georgia, USA, was used in data analyses for illustrative purposes. A bootstrap (subsampling) experiment (using the composite method and the PMRW dataset along with various fixed-interval and large storm sampling schemes) obtained load estimates for the 8-year study period with a magnitude of the bias of less than 1%, even for estimates that included the fewest number of samples. Precisions were always <2% on a study period and annual basis, and <2% precisions were obtained for quarterly and monthly time intervals for estimates that had better sampling. The bias and precision of composite-method load estimates varies depending on the variability in the regression-model residuals, how residuals systematically deviated from the regression model over time, sampling design, and the time interval of the load estimate. The regression-model method did not estimate loads precisely during shorter time intervals, from annually to monthly, because the model could not explain short-term patterns in the observed concentrations. Load estimates using the period-weighted approach typically are biased as a result of sampling distribution and are accurate only with extensive sampling. The formulation of the composite method facilitates exploration of patterns (trends) contained in the unmodelled portion of the load. Published in 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6147","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Aulenbach, B., and Hooper, R.P., 2006, The composite method: An improved method for stream-water solute load estimation: Hydrological Processes, v. 20, no. 14, p. 3029-3047, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6147.","startPage":"3029","endPage":"3047","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210336,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6147"},{"id":237228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa49e4b08c986b3227af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aulenbach, Brent T.","contributorId":62766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulenbach","given":"Brent T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooper, R. P.","contributorId":26321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028128,"text":"70028128 - 2006 - Age model for a continuous, ca 250-ka Quaternary lacustrine record from Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T09:04:24","indexId":"70028128","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age model for a continuous, ca 250-ka Quaternary lacustrine record from Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho","docAbstract":"

The Quaternary sediments sampled by continuous 120-m-long drill cores from Bear Lake (Utah-Idaho) comprise one of the longest lacustrine sequences recovered from an extant lake. The cores serve as a good case study for the construction of an age model for sequences that extend beyond the range of radiocarbon dating. From a variety of potential age indicators, we selected a combination of radiocarbon ages, one magnetic excursion (correlated to a standard sequence), and a single Uranium-series age to develop an initial data set. The reliability of the excursion and U-series data require consideration of their position with respect to sediments of inferred interglacial character, but not direct correlation with other paleoclimate records. Data omitted from the age model include amino acid age estimates, which have a large amount of scatter, and tephrochronology correlations, which have relatively large uncertainties.

\n
\n

Because the initial data set was restricted to the upper half of the BL00-1 core, we inferred additional ages by direct correlation to the independently dated paleoclimate record from Devils Hole. We developed an age model for the entire core using statistical methods that consider both the uncertainties of the original data and that of the curve-fitting process, with a combination of our initial data set and the climate correlations as control points. This age model represents our best estimate of the chronology of deposition in Bear Lake. Because the age model contains assumptions about the correlation of Bear Lake to other climate records, the model cannot be used to address some paleoclimate questions, such as phase relationships with other areas.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.10.015","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., Kaufman, D.S., Bright, J., Heil, C., King, J., Dean, W., Rosenbaum, J.G., Forester, R.M., Bischoff, J.L., Perkins, M., and McGeehin, J., 2006, Age model for a continuous, ca 250-ka Quaternary lacustrine record from Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 25, no. 17-18, p. 2271-2282, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.10.015.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2271","endPage":"2282","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487567,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/1723","text":"External Repository"},{"id":237126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210257,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.10.015"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bear Lake","volume":"25","issue":"17-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8ece4b0c8380cd47f95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":416670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaufman, D. S.","contributorId":18006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaufman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bright, Jordon","contributorId":63981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"Jordon","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":416667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heil, C.","contributorId":68954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heil","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, J.W.","contributorId":19265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rosenbaum, J. G.","contributorId":96685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Forester, R. M.","contributorId":76332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forester","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Perkins, Marie","contributorId":22957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McGeehin, J. P. 0000-0002-5320-6091","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":48593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":79589,"text":"ofr20061318 - 2006 - Deschutes Estuary feasibility study: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-01T21:35:25.751519","indexId":"ofr20061318","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1318","title":"Deschutes Estuary feasibility study: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport modeling","docAbstract":"

Continual sediment accumulation in Capitol Lake since the damming of the Deschutes River in 1951 has altered the initial morphology of the basin. As part of the Deschutes River Estuary Feasibility Study (DEFS), the United States Geological Survey (USGS) was tasked to model how tidal and storm processes will influence the river, lake and lower Budd Inlet should estuary restoration occur. Understanding these mechanisms will assist in developing a scientifically sound assessment on the feasibility of restoring the estuary.

\n
\n

The goals of the DEFS are as follows.

\n
\n

- Increase understanding of the estuary alternative to the same level as managing the lake environment.

\n

- Determine the potential to create a viable, self sustaining estuary at Capitol Lake, given all the existing physical constraints and the urban setting.

\n

- Create a net-benefit matrix which will allow a fair evaluation of overall benefits and costs of various alternative scenarios.

\n

- Provide the completed study to the CLAMP Steering Committee so that a recommendation about a long-term aquatic environment of the basin can be made.

\n
\n

The hydrodynamic and sediment transport modeling task developed a number of different model simulations using a process-based morphological model, Delft3D, to help address these goals. Modeling results provide a qualitative assessment of estuarine behavior both prior to dam construction and after various post-dam removal scenarios. Quantitative data from the model is used in the companion biological assessment and engineering design components of the overall study.

\n
\n

Overall, the modeling study found that after dam removal, tidal and estuarine processes are immediately restored, with marine water from Budd Inlet carried into North and Middle Basin on each rising tide and mud flats being exposed with each falling tide. Within the first year after dam removal, tidal processes, along with the occasional river floods, act to modify the estuary bed by redistributing sediment through erosion and deposition. The morphological response of the bed is rapid during the first couple of years, then slows as a dynamic equilibrium is reached within three to five years. By ten years after dam removal, the overall hydrodynamic and morphologic behavior of the estuary is similar to the pre-dam estuary, with the exception of South Basin, which has been permanently modified by human activities.

\n
\n

In addition to a qualitative assessment of estuarine behavior, process-based modeling provides the ability address specific questions to help to inform decision-making. Considering that predicting future conditions of a complex estuarine environment is wrought with uncertainties, quantitative results in this report are often expressed in terms of ranges of possible outcomes.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061318","usgsCitation":"George, D.A., Gelfenbaum, G., Lesser, G., and Stevens, A., 2006, Deschutes Estuary feasibility study: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport modeling (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1318, Report: 222 p.; 2 Appendixes: 177 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061318.","productDescription":"Report: 222 p.; 2 Appendixes: 177 p.; Metadata","temporalStart":"2005-02-16","temporalEnd":"2005-02-17","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420428,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80585.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9208,"rank":5,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192369,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295746,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/CapitolLakeSeds.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295744,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/of2006-1318.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295745,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/of2006-1318_appendixes.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Deschutes Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.9133,\n 47.0619\n ],\n [\n -122.9133,\n 47.0183\n ],\n [\n -122.8914,\n 47.0183\n ],\n [\n -122.8914,\n 47.0619\n ],\n [\n -122.9133,\n 47.0619\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dd64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, Douglas A.","contributorId":60328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lesser, Giles","contributorId":88216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesser","given":"Giles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W.","contributorId":89093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028121,"text":"70028121 - 2006 - Time series and recurrence interval models to predict the vulnerability of streams to episodic acidification in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-06T13:51:05","indexId":"70028121","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time series and recurrence interval models to predict the vulnerability of streams to episodic acidification in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","docAbstract":"

Acid rain affects headwater streams by temporarily reducing the acid‐neutralizing capacity (ANC) of the water, a process termed episodic acidification. The increase in acidic components in stream water can have deleterious effects on the aquatic biota. Although acidic deposition is uniform across Shenandoah National Park (SNP) in north central Virginia, the stream water quality response during rain events varies substantially. This response is a function of the catchment's underlying geology and topography. Geologic and topographic data for SNP's 231 catchments are readily available; however, long‐term measurements (tens of years) of ANC and accompanying discharge are not and would be prohibitively expensive to collect. Transfer function time series models were developed to predict hourly ANC from discharge for five SNP catchments with long‐term water‐quality and discharge records. Hourly ANC predictions over short time periods (≤1 week) were averaged, and distributions of the recurrence intervals of annual water‐year minimum ANC values were model‐simulated for periods of 6, 24, 72, and 168 hours. The distributions were extrapolated to the rest of the SNP catchments on the basis of catchment geology and topography. On the basis of the models, large numbers of SNP streams have 6‐ to 168‐hour periods of low‐ANC values, which may stress resident fish populations. Smaller catchments are more vulnerable to episodic acidification than larger catchments underlain by the same bedrock. Catchments with similar topography and size are more vulnerable if underlain by less basaltic/carbonate bedrock. Many catchments are predicted to have successive years of low‐ANC values potentially sufficient to extirpate some species.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004740","usgsCitation":"Deviney, F.A., Rice, K.C., and Hornberger, G., 2006, Time series and recurrence interval models to predict the vulnerability of streams to episodic acidification in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 9, Article W09405; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004740.","productDescription":"Article W09405; 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477567,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004740","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.20068359374999,\n 38.6275996886131\n ],\n [\n -78.1512451171875,\n 38.7283759182398\n ],\n [\n -78.12103271484375,\n 38.76693348394693\n ],\n [\n -78.1182861328125,\n 38.86109762182888\n ],\n [\n -78.19244384765625,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -78.25286865234375,\n 38.86965182408357\n ],\n [\n -78.24188232421875,\n 38.83756825896614\n ],\n [\n -78.30230712890624,\n 38.841846903808985\n ],\n [\n -78.3929443359375,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -78.4259033203125,\n 38.713375686254714\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n 38.638327308061875\n ],\n [\n -78.4918212890625,\n 38.55031345037904\n ],\n [\n -78.5577392578125,\n 38.567495358827344\n ],\n [\n -78.59344482421875,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -78.55224609374999,\n 38.436379603\n ],\n [\n -78.607177734375,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -78.71429443359375,\n 38.33088431959971\n ],\n [\n -78.80218505859375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -78.826904296875,\n 38.21012996629426\n ],\n [\n -78.82965087890625,\n 38.13239618602294\n ],\n [\n -78.82415771484375,\n 38.07404145941957\n ],\n [\n -78.70330810546875,\n 38.1237539824224\n ],\n [\n -78.695068359375,\n 38.201496974020806\n ],\n [\n -78.56597900390625,\n 38.28131307922966\n ],\n [\n -78.45611572265625,\n 38.34381037525605\n ],\n [\n -78.37921142578125,\n 38.371808917147554\n ],\n [\n -78.3544921875,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -78.31054687499999,\n 38.50948995925553\n ],\n [\n -78.23638916015625,\n 38.55031345037904\n ],\n [\n -78.23638916015625,\n 38.59326051987162\n ],\n [\n -78.20068359374999,\n 38.6275996886131\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}\n","volume":"42","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3b0e4b08c986b325f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deviney, Frank A.","contributorId":22447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deviney","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":416642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornberger, George M.","contributorId":63894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"George M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028120,"text":"70028120 - 2006 - Persistence of 10-year old Exxon Valdez oil on Gulf of Alaska beaches: The importance of boulder-armoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T12:21:51","indexId":"70028120","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistence of 10-year old Exxon Valdez oil on Gulf of Alaska beaches: The importance of boulder-armoring","docAbstract":"

Oil stranded as a result of the 1989 Exxon Valdez spill has persisted for >10 years at study sites on Gulf of Alaska shores distant from the spill's origin. These sites were contaminated by \"oil mousse\", which persists in these settings due to armoring of underlying sediments and their included oil beneath boulders. The boulder-armored beaches that we resampled in 1999 showed continued contamination by subsurface oil, despite their exposure to moderate to high wave energies. Significant declines in surface oil cover occurred at all study sites. In contrast, mousse has persisted under boulders in amounts similar to what was present in 1994 and probably in 1989. Especially striking is the general lack of weathering of this subsurface oil over the last decade. Oil at five of the six armored-beach sites 10 years after the spill is compositionally similar to 11-day old Exxon Valdez oil. Analysis of movements in the boulder-armor that covers the study beaches reveals that only minor shifts have occurred since 1994, suggesting that over the last five, and probably over the last 10 years, boulder-armors have remained largely unmoved at the study sites. These findings emphasize the importance of particular geomorphic parameters in determining stranded oil persistence. Surface armoring, combined with stranding of oil mousse, results in the unexpectedly lengthy persistence of only lightly to moderately weathered oil within otherwise high-energy wave environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.01.005","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Irvine, G.V., Mann, D.H., and Short, J.W., 2006, Persistence of 10-year old Exxon Valdez oil on Gulf of Alaska beaches: The importance of boulder-armoring: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 52, no. 9, p. 1011-1022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.01.005.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1011","endPage":"1022","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet, Gulf of Alaska, Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.91748046875,\n 56.18225387824831\n ],\n [\n -145.5908203125,\n 56.18225387824831\n ],\n [\n -145.5908203125,\n 61.7419302246182\n ],\n [\n -157.91748046875,\n 61.7419302246182\n ],\n [\n -157.91748046875,\n 56.18225387824831\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76e0e4b0c8380cd7836a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irvine, Gail V. girvine@usgs.gov","contributorId":2368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Gail","email":"girvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":416639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Daniel H.","contributorId":67010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Short, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":26602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030738,"text":"70030738 - 2006 - Characterization of unsaturated zone hydrogeologic units using matrix properties and depositional history in a complex volcanic environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-30T12:23:18","indexId":"70030738","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of unsaturated zone hydrogeologic units using matrix properties and depositional history in a complex volcanic environment","docAbstract":"

Characterization of the physical and unsaturated hydrologic properties of subsurface materials is necessary to calculate flow and transport for land use practices and to evaluate subsurface processes such as perched water or lateral diversion of water, which are influenced by features such as faults, fractures, and abrupt changes in lithology. Input for numerical flow models typically includes parameters that describe hydrologic properties and the initial and boundary conditions for all materials in the unsaturated zone, such as bulk density, porosity, and particle density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, moisture-retention characteristics, and field water content. We describe an approach for systematically evaluating the site features that contribute to water flow, using physical and hydraulic data collected at the laboratory scale, to provide a representative set of physical and hydraulic parameters for numerically calculating flow of water through the materials at a site. An example case study from analyses done for the heterogeneous, layered, volcanic rocks at Yucca Mountain is presented, but the general approach for parameterization could be applied at any site where depositional processes follow deterministic patterns. Hydrogeologic units at this site were defined using (i) a database developed from 5320 rock samples collected from the coring of 23 shallow (<100 m) and 10 deep (500–1000 m) boreholes, (ii) lithostratigraphic boundaries and corresponding relations to porosity, (iii) transition zones with pronounced changes in properties over short vertical distances, (iv) characterization of the influence of mineral alteration on hydrologic properties such as permeability and moisture-retention characteristics, and (v) a statistical analysis to evaluate where boundaries should be adjusted to minimize the variance within layers. Model parameters developed in this study, and the relation of flow properties to porosity, can be used to produce detailed and accurate representations of the core-scale hydrologic processes ongoing at Yucca Mountain.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/vzj2004.0180","usgsCitation":"Flint, L.E., Buesch, D.C., and Flint, A.L., 2006, Characterization of unsaturated zone hydrogeologic units using matrix properties and depositional history in a complex volcanic environment: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 5, no. 1, p. 480-492, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0180.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"480","endPage":"492","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e8e4b0c8380cd4bfce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buesch, David C. 0000-0002-4978-5027 dbuesch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-5027","contributorId":1154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buesch","given":"David","email":"dbuesch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030862,"text":"70030862 - 2006 - Stable carbon isotope depth profiles and soil organic carbon dynamics in the lower Mississippi Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70030862","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1760,"text":"Geoderma","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable carbon isotope depth profiles and soil organic carbon dynamics in the lower Mississippi Basin","docAbstract":"Analysis of depth trends of 13C abundance in soil organic matter and of 13C abundance from soil-respired CO2 provides useful indications of the dynamics of the terrestrial carbon cycle and of paleoecological change. We measured depth trends of 13C abundance from cropland and control pairs of soils in the lower Mississippi Basin, as well as the 13C abundance of soil-respired CO2 produced during approximately 1-year soil incubation, to determine the role of several candidate processes on the 13C depth profile of soil organic matter. Depth profiles of 13C from uncultivated control soils show a strong relationship between the natural logarithm of soil organic carbon concentration and its isotopic composition, consistent with a model Rayleigh distillation of 13C in decomposing soil due to kinetic fractionation during decomposition. Laboratory incubations showed that initially respired CO 2 had a relatively constant 13C content, despite large differences in the 13C content of bulk soil organic matter. Initially respired CO2 was consistently 13C-depleted with respect to bulk soil and became increasingly 13C-depleted during 1-year, consistent with the hypothesis of accumulation of 13C in the products of microbial decomposition, but showing increasing decomposition of 13C-depleted stable organic components during decomposition without input of fresh biomass. We use the difference between 13C / 12C ratios (calculated as ??-values) between respired CO 2 and bulk soil organic carbon as an index of the degree of decomposition of soil, showing trends which are consistent with trends of 14C activity, and with results of a two-pooled kinetic decomposition rate model describing CO2 production data recorded during 1 year of incubation. We also observed inconsistencies with the Rayleigh distillation model in paired cropland soils and reasons for these inconsistencies are discussed. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoderma","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.03.005","issn":"00167061","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J., Harden, J., and Fries, T.L., 2006, Stable carbon isotope depth profiles and soil organic carbon dynamics in the lower Mississippi Basin: Geoderma, v. 131, no. 1-2, p. 89-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.03.005.","startPage":"89","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211387,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.03.005"},{"id":238668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9663e4b08c986b31b495","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, J.G.","contributorId":16215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fries, T. L.","contributorId":12053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fries","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030866,"text":"70030866 - 2006 - Kinetics of sorption and abiotic oxidation of arsenic(III) by aquifer materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:07:42","indexId":"70030866","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinetics of sorption and abiotic oxidation of arsenic(III) by aquifer materials","docAbstract":"

The fate of arsenic in groundwater depends largely on its interaction with mineral surfaces. We investigated the kinetics of As(III) oxidation by aquifer materials collected from the USGS research site at Cape Cod, MA, USA, by conducting laboratory experiments. Five different solid samples with similar specific surface areas (0.6–0.9 m2 g−1) and reductively extractable iron contents (18–26 μmol m−2), but with varying total manganese contents (0.5–3.5 μmol m−2) were used. Both dissolved and adsorbed As(III) and As(V) concentrations were measured with time up to 250 h. The As(III) removal rate from solution increased with increasing solid manganese content, suggesting that manganese oxide is responsible for the oxidation of As(III). Under all conditions, dissolved As(V) concentrations were very low. A quantitative model was developed to simulate the extent and kinetics of arsenic transformation by aquifer materials. The model included: (1) reversible rate-limited adsorption of As(III) onto both oxidative and non-oxidative (adsorptive) sites, (2) irreversible rate-limited oxidation of As(III), and (3) equilibrium adsorption of As(V) onto adsorptive sites. Rate constants for these processes, as well as the total oxidative site densities were used as the fitting parameters. The total adsorptive site densities were estimated based on the measured specific surface area of each material. The best fit was provided by considering one fast and one slow site for each adsorptive and oxidative site. The fitting parameters were obtained using the kinetic data for the most reactive aquifer material at different initial As(III) concentrations. Using the same parameters to simulate As(III) and As(V) surface reactions, the model predictions were compared to observations for aquifer materials with different manganese contents. The model simulated the experimental data very well for all materials at all initial As(III) concentrations. The As(V) production rate was related to the concentrations of the free oxidative surface sites and dissolved As(III), as rAs(V)=kox&#x2032;[Mn(IV)OH][H3AsO3]\">rAs(V)=kox′[Mn(IV)OH][H3AsO3] with apparent second-order rate constants of koxf&#x2032;=6.28&#xD7;10-1\">koxf′=6.28×10-1 and koxs&#x2032;=1.25&#xD7;10-2M-1s-1\">koxs′=1.25×10-2M-1s-1 for the fast and the slow oxidative sites, respectively. The As(III) removal rate decreased approximately by half for a pH increase from 4 to 7. The pH dependence was explained using the acid–base behavior of the surface oxidative sites by considering a surface pKa = 6.2 (I = 0). In the presence of excess surface adsorptive and oxidative sites, phosphate diminished the rate of As(III) removal and As(V) production only slightly due to its interaction with the oxidative sites. The observed As(III) oxidation rate here is consistent with previous observations of As(III) oxidation over short transport distances during field-scale transport experiments. The model developed here may be incorporated into groundwater transport models to predict arsenic speciation and transport in chemically heterogeneous systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.036","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Amirbahman, A., Kent, D., Curtis, G., and Davis, J., 2006, Kinetics of sorption and abiotic oxidation of arsenic(III) by aquifer materials: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, no. 3, p. 533-547, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.036.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"533","endPage":"547","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211442,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.036"}],"volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40abe4b0c8380cd64f52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amirbahman, A.","contributorId":25111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amirbahman","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kent, D.B.","contributorId":16588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Curtis, G.P.","contributorId":65619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030878,"text":"70030878 - 2006 - Comparison of circulation times of thermal waters discharging from the Idaho batholith based on geothermometer temperatures, helium concentrations, and 14C measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70030878","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of circulation times of thermal waters discharging from the Idaho batholith based on geothermometer temperatures, helium concentrations, and 14C measurements","docAbstract":"Circulation times of waters in geothermal systems are poorly known. In this study, we examine the thermal waters of the Idaho batholith to verify whether maximum system temperatures, helium concentrations, and 14C values are related to water age in these low-to-moderate temperature geothermal systems. He/N2 values of gas collected from thermal waters that circulate solely through distinct units of the Idaho batholith correlate linearly with Na-K-(4/3)Ca geothermometer temperatures, showing that both variables are excellent indicators of relative water age. Thermal waters that circulate in early Tertiary (45-50 Ma) granite of the Sawtooth batholith have 3.5 times more helium than thermal waters of the same aquifer temperature that circulate through the main Cretaceous granite (average 91 Ma). Hot spring waters circulating in hydrothermally altered parts of the batholith have very little dissolved helium and no correlation between He/N2 values and geothermometer temperatures. Thermal waters discharging from the Idaho batholith are more depleted in deuterium than modern precipitation in the area. Recharge to these geothermal systems occurred from at least 10,000 BP for the cooler systems up to about 33,000 BP for the hotter systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2005.08.002","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Mariner, R.H., Evans, W.C., and Young, H., 2006, Comparison of circulation times of thermal waters discharging from the Idaho batholith based on geothermometer temperatures, helium concentrations, and 14C measurements: Geothermics, v. 35, no. 1, p. 3-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2005.08.002.","startPage":"3","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211585,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2005.08.002"},{"id":238897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f855e4b0c8380cd4d022","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mariner, Robert H.","contributorId":81075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, H.W.","contributorId":68278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030880,"text":"70030880 - 2006 - Abundance trends and status of the Little Colorado River population of humpback chub","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:48:08","indexId":"70030880","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance trends and status of the Little Colorado River population of humpback chub","docAbstract":"The abundance of the Little Colorado River population of federally listed humpback chub Gila cypha in Grand Canyon has been monitored since the late 1980s by means of catch rate indices and capture-recapture-based abundance estimators. Analyses of data from all sources using various methods are consistent and indicate that the adult population has declined since monitoring began. Intensive tagging led to a high proportion (>80%) of the adult population being marked by the mid-1990s. Analysis of these data using both closed and open abundance estimation models yields results that agree with catch rate indices about the extent of the decline. Survival rates for age-2 and older fish are age dependent but apparently not time dependent. Back-calculation of recruitment using the apparent 1990s population age structure implies periods of higher recruitment in the late 1970s to early 1980s than is now the case. Our analyses indicate that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recovery criterion of stable abundance is not being met for this population. Also, there is a critical need to develop new abundance indexing and tagging methods so that early, reliable, and rapid estimates of humpback chub recruitment can be obtained to evaluate population responses to management actions designed to facilitate the restoration of Colorado River native fish communities. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M05-075.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Coggins, L., Pine, W., Walters, C., Van Haverbeke, D.R., Ward, D., and Johnstone, H., 2006, Abundance trends and status of the Little Colorado River population of humpback chub: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 26, no. 1, p. 233-245, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-075.1.","startPage":"233","endPage":"245","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211613,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-075.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e65fe4b0c8380cd47390","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coggins, L.G. Jr.","contributorId":47139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coggins","given":"L.G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pine, William E. III","contributorId":56759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pine","given":"William E.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, C.J.","contributorId":43971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Haverbeke, D. R.","contributorId":30439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Haverbeke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, David","contributorId":140493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":12922,"text":"Arizona Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":429060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnstone, H.C.","contributorId":66913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnstone","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030885,"text":"70030885 - 2006 - Estimation of elastic moduli in a compressible Gibson half-space by inverting Rayleigh-wave phase velocity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030885","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3503,"text":"Surveys in Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of elastic moduli in a compressible Gibson half-space by inverting Rayleigh-wave phase velocity","docAbstract":"A Gibson half-space model (a non-layered Earth model) has the shear modulus varying linearly with depth in an inhomogeneous elastic half-space. In a half-space of sedimentary granular soil under a geostatic state of initial stress, the density and the Poisson's ratio do not vary considerably with depth. In such an Earth body, the dynamic shear modulus is the parameter that mainly affects the dispersion of propagating waves. We have estimated shear-wave velocities in the compressible Gibson half-space by inverting Rayleigh-wave phase velocities. An analytical dispersion law of Rayleigh-type waves in a compressible Gibson half-space is given in an algebraic form, which makes our inversion process extremely simple and fast. The convergence of the weighted damping solution is guaranteed through selection of the damping factor using the Levenberg-Marquardt method. Calculation efficiency is achieved by reconstructing a weighted damping solution using singular value decomposition techniques. The main advantage of this algorithm is that only three parameters define the compressible Gibson half-space model. Theoretically, to determine the model by the inversion, only three Rayleigh-wave phase velocities at different frequencies are required. This is useful in practice where Rayleigh-wave energy is only developed in a limited frequency range or at certain frequencies as data acquired at manmade structures such as dams and levees. Two real examples are presented and verified by borehole S-wave velocity measurements. The results of these real examples are also compared with the results of the layered-Earth model. ?? Springer 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Surveys in Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10712-005-7261-3","issn":"01693298","usgsCitation":"Xia, J., Xu, Y., Miller, R., and Chen, C., 2006, Estimation of elastic moduli in a compressible Gibson half-space by inverting Rayleigh-wave phase velocity: Surveys in Geophysics, v. 27, no. 1, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-005-7261-3.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211664,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-005-7261-3"},{"id":238998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b86e4b0c8380cd5276f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R. 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We studied wintering Henslow's sparrows in coastal pine savannas at the Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge, Jackson County, Mississippi, USA, during January and February 2001 and 2002. We used the known-fate modeling procedure in program MARK to evaluate the effects of burn age (1 or 2 growing seasons elapsed), burn season (growing, dormant), and calendar year on the survival rates of 83 radiomarked Henslow's sparrows. We found strong evidence that Henslow's sparrow survival rates differed by burn age (with higher survival in recently burned sites) and by year (with lower survival rates in 2001 likely because of drought conditions). We found some evidence that survival rates also differed by bum season (with higher survival in growing-season sites), although the effects of burn season were only apparent in recently burned sites. Avian predation was the suspected major cause of mortality (causing 6 of 14 deaths) with 1 confirmed loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) depredation. Our results indicated that recently burned savannas provide high-quality wintering habitats and suggested that managers can improve conditions for wintering Henslow's sparrows by burning a large percentage of savannas each year.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[198:HSWEAR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Thatcher, B., Krementz, D., and Woodrey, M., 2006, Henslow's sparrow winter-survival estimates and response to prescribed burning: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 1, p. 198-206, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[198:HSWEAR]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"198","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211977,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[198:HSWEAR]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a305ae4b0c8380cd5d58c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thatcher, B.S.","contributorId":67285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krementz, D.G.","contributorId":74332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krementz","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodrey, M.S.","contributorId":71672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodrey","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028979,"text":"70028979 - 2006 - Joint analysis of refractions with surface waves: An inverse solution to the refraction-traveltime problem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028979","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Joint analysis of refractions with surface waves: An inverse solution to the refraction-traveltime problem","docAbstract":"We describe a possible solution to the inverse refraction-traveltime problem (IRTP) that reduces the range of possible solutions (nonuniqueness). This approach uses a reference model, derived from surface-wave shear-wave velocity estimates, as a constraint. The application of the joint analysis of refractions with surface waves (JARS) method provided a more realistic solution than the conventional refraction/tomography methods, which did not benefit from a reference model derived from real data. This confirmed our conclusion that the proposed method is an advancement in the IRTP analysis. The unique basic principles of the JARS method might be applicable to other inverse geophysical problems. ?? 2006 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.2360226","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Ivanov, J., Miller, R., Xia, J., Steeples, D., and Park, C., 2006, Joint analysis of refractions with surface waves: An inverse solution to the refraction-traveltime problem: Geophysics, v. 71, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2360226.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487579,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1808/17304","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209883,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2360226"},{"id":236626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3fffe4b0c8380cd649ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivanov, J.","contributorId":107068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivanov","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. 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