Reservoirs provide the opportunity to link watershed history with its stratigraphic record. We analyze sediment cores from a northern California reservoir in the context of hydrologic history, watershed management, and depositional processes. Observations of recent depositional patterns, sediment‐transport calculations, and 137Cs geochronology support a conceptual model in which the reservoir delta progrades during floods of short duration (days) and is modified during prolonged (weeks to months) drawdowns that rework topset beds and transport sand from topsets to foresets. Sediment coarser than 0.25–0.5 mm deposits in foresets and topsets, and finer material falls out of suspension as bottomset beds. Simple hydraulic calculations indicate that fine sand (0.063–0.5 mm) is transported into the distal bottomset area only during floods. The overall stratigraphy suggests that two phases of delta building occurred in the reservoir. The first, from dam construction in 1940 to 1970, was heavily influenced by annual, prolonged >20 m drawdowns of the water level. The second, built on top of the first, reflects sedimentation from 1970 to 2002 when the influence of drawdowns was less. Sedimentation rates in the central part of the reservoir have declined ∼25% since 1970, likely reflecting a combination of fewer large floods, changes in watershed management, and winnowing of stored hydraulic mining sediment.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2005JF000451","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Snyder, N., Wright, S., Alpers, C.N., Flint, L.E., Holmes, C.W., and Rubin, D.M., 2006, Reconstructing depositional processes and history from reservoir stratigraphy: Englebright Lake, Yuba River, northern California: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 111, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JF000451.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477534,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jf000451","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210731,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JF000451"}],"volume":"111","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a24de4b0e8fec6cdb564","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, N.P.","contributorId":13415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"N.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, S.A.","contributorId":90080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flint, L. E. 0000-0002-7868-441X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":38180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"L.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rubin, D. M.","contributorId":103689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031167,"text":"70031167 - 2006 - An improved model for the calculation of CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42-","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70031167","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2662,"text":"Marine Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An improved model for the calculation of CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42-","docAbstract":"An improved model is presented for the calculation of the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42- in a wide temperature-pressure-ionic strength range (from 273 to 533 K, from 0 to 2000 bar, and from 0 to 4.5 molality of salts) with experimental accuracy. The improvements over the previous model [Duan, Z. and Sun, R., 2003. An improved model calculating CO2 solubility in pure water and aqueous NaCl solutions from 273 to 533K and from 0 to 2000 bar. Chemical Geology, 193: 257-271] include: (1) By developing a non-iterative equation to replace the original equation of state in the calculation of CO 2 fugacity coefficients, the new model is at least twenty times computationally faster and can be easily adapted to numerical reaction-flow simulator for such applications as CO2 sequestration and (2) By fitting to the new solubility data, the new model improved the accuracy below 288 K from 6% to about 3% of uncertainty but still retains the high accuracy of the original model above 288 K. We comprehensively evaluate all experimental CO2 solubility data. Compared with these data, this model not only reproduces all the reliable data used for the parameterization but also predicts the data that were not used in the parameterization. In order to facilitate the application to CO2 sequestration, we also predicted CO2 solubility in seawater at two-phase coexistence (vapor-liquid or liquid-liquid) and at three-phase coexistence (CO2 hydrate-liquid water-vapor CO2 [or liquid CO2]). The improved model is programmed and can be downloaded from the website http://www.geochem-model.org/programs.htm. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2005.09.001","issn":"03044203","usgsCitation":"Duan, Z., Sun, R., Zhu, C., and Chou, I., 2006, An improved model for the calculation of CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42-: Marine Chemistry, v. 98, no. 2-4, p. 131-139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.09.001.","startPage":"131","endPage":"139","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211407,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.09.001"},{"id":238690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea72e4b0c8380cd4887b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duan, Zhenhao","contributorId":71302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duan","given":"Zhenhao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sun, R.","contributorId":10137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Chen","contributorId":6244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Chen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031166,"text":"70031166 - 2006 - Iron isotope fractionation during microbially stimulated Fe(II) oxidation and Fe(III) precipitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031166","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Iron isotope fractionation during microbially stimulated Fe(II) oxidation and Fe(III) precipitation","docAbstract":"Interpretation of the origins of iron-bearing minerals preserved in modern and ancient rocks based on measured iron isotope ratios depends on our ability to distinguish between biological and non-biological iron isotope fractionation processes. In this study, we compared 56Fe/54Fe ratios of coexisting aqueous iron (Fe(II)aq, Fe(III)aq) and iron oxyhydroxide precipitates (Fe(III)ppt) resulting from the oxidation of ferrous iron under experimental conditions at low pH (<3). Experiments were carried out using both pure cultures of Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans and sterile controls to assess possible biological overprinting of non-biological fractionation, and both SO42- and Cl- salts as Fe(II) sources to determine possible ionic/speciation effects that may be associated with oxidation/precipitation reactions. In addition, a series of ferric iron precipitation experiments were performed at pH ranging from 1.9 to 3.5 to determine if different precipitation rates cause differences in the isotopic composition of the iron oxyhydroxides. During microbially stimulated Fe(II) oxidation in both the sulfate and chloride systems, 56Fe/54Fe ratios of residual Fe(II)aq sampled in a time series evolved along an apparent Rayleigh trend characterized by a fractionation factor ??Fe(III)aq-Fe(II)aq???1.0022. This fractionation factor was significantly less than that measured in our sterile control experiments (???1.0034) and that predicted for isotopic equilibrium between Fe(II)aq and Fe(III)aq (???1.0029), and thus might be interpreted to reflect a biological isotope effect. However, in our biological experiments the measured difference in 56Fe/54Fe ratios between Fe(III)aq, isolated as a solid by the addition of NaOH to the final solution at each time point under N2-atmosphere, and Fe(II)aq was in most cases and on average close to 2.9??? (??Fe(III)aq-Fe(II)aq ???1.0029), consistent with isotopic equilibrium between Fe(II)aq and Fe(III)aq. The ferric iron precipitation experiments revealed that 56Fe/54Fe ratios of Fe(III)aq were generally equal to or greater than those of Fe(III)ppt, and isotopic fractionation between these phases decreased with increasing precipitation rate and decreasing grain size. Considered together, the data confirm that the iron isotope variations observed in our microbial experiments are primarily controlled by non-biological equilibrium and kinetic factors, a result that aids our ability to interpret present-day iron cycling processes but further complicates our ability to use iron isotopes alone to identify biological processing in the rock record. ?? 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2005.09.025","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Balci, N., Bullen, T., Witte-Lien, K., Shanks, W., Motelica, M., and Mandernack, K., 2006, Iron isotope fractionation during microbially stimulated Fe(II) oxidation and Fe(III) precipitation: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, no. 3, p. 622-639, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.09.025.","startPage":"622","endPage":"639","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211459,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.09.025"}],"volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3eece4b0c8380cd6414b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balci, N.","contributorId":15005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balci","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witte-Lien, K.","contributorId":84973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witte-Lien","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C.","contributorId":39419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Motelica, M.","contributorId":92488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motelica","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mandernack, K.W.","contributorId":68913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandernack","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70028230,"text":"70028230 - 2006 - Simulating the influences of various fire regimes on caribou winter habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T10:32:03","indexId":"70028230","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating the influences of various fire regimes on caribou winter habitat","docAbstract":"Caribou are an integral component of high‐latitude ecosystems and represent a major subsistence food source for many northern people. The availability and quality of winter habitat is critical to sustain these caribou populations. Caribou commonly use older spruce woodlands with adequate terrestrial lichen, a preferred winter forage, in the understory. Changes in climate and fire regime pose a significant threat to the long‐term sustainability of this important winter habitat. Computer simulations performed with a spatially explicit vegetation succession model (ALFRESCO) indicate that changes in the frequency and extent of fire in interior Alaska may substantially impact the abundance and quality of winter habitat for caribou. We modeled four different fire scenarios and tracked the frequency, extent, and spatial distribution of the simulated fires and associated changes to vegetation composition and distribution. Our results suggest that shorter fire frequencies (i.e., less time between recurring fires) on the winter range of the Nelchina caribou herd in eastern interior Alaska will result in large decreases of available winter habitat, relative to that currently available, in both the short and long term. A 30% shortening of the fire frequency resulted in a 3.5‐fold increase in the area burned annually and an associated 41% decrease in the amount of spruce–lichen forest found on the landscape. More importantly, simulations with more frequent fires produced a relatively immature forest age structure, compared to that which currently exists, with few stands older than 100 years. This age structure is at the lower limits of stand age classes preferred by caribou from the Nelchina herd. Projected changes in fire regime due to climate warming and/or additional prescribed burning could substantially alter the winter habitat of caribou in interior Alaska and lead to changes in winter range use and/or population dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[1730:STIOVF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Rupp, T., Olson, M., Adams, L., Dale, B.W., Joly, K., Henkelman, J., Collins, W.B., and Starfield, A.M., 2006, Simulating the influences of various fire regimes on caribou winter habitat: Ecological Applications, v. 16, no. 5, p. 1730-1743, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[1730:STIOVF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1730","endPage":"1743","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477373,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[1730:stiovf]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fdbe4b08c986b31919d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rupp, T. Scott","contributorId":21395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupp","given":"T. Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, Mark","contributorId":91009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dale, Bruce W.","contributorId":6769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Joly, Kyle","contributorId":53117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joly","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":417145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henkelman, Jonathan","contributorId":55196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henkelman","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collins, William B.","contributorId":190452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Starfield, Anthony M.","contributorId":17142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starfield","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70030771,"text":"70030771 - 2006 - Combined interpretation of radar, hydraulic, and tracer data from a fractured-rock aquifer near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-15T16:15:38","indexId":"70030771","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combined interpretation of radar, hydraulic, and tracer data from a fractured-rock aquifer near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, USA","docAbstract":"An integrated interpretation of field experimental cross-hole radar, tracer, and hydraulic data demonstrates the value of combining time-lapse geophysical monitoring with conventional hydrologic measurements for improved characterization of a fractured-rock aquifer. Time-lapse difference-attenuation radar tomography was conducted during saline tracer experiments at the US Geological Survey Fractured Rock Hydrology Research Site near Mirror Lake, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA. The presence of electrically conductive saline tracer effectively illuminates permeable fractures or pathways for geophysical imaging. The geophysical results guide the construction of three-dimensional numerical models of ground-water flow and solute transport. In an effort to explore alternative explanations for the tracer and tomographic data, a suite of conceptual models involving heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity fields and rate-limited mass transfer are considered. Calibration data include tracer concentrations, the arrival time of peak concentration at the outlet, and steady-state hydraulic head. Results from the coupled inversion procedure suggest that much of the tracer mass migrated outside the three tomographic image planes, and that solute is likely transported by two pathways through the system. This work provides basic and site-specific insights into the control of permeability heterogeneity on ground-water flow and solute transport in fractured rock.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-004-0372-y","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Day-Lewis, F., Lane, J., and Gorelick, S., 2006, Combined interpretation of radar, hydraulic, and tracer data from a fractured-rock aquifer near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 14, no. 1-2, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0372-y.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United State","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Mirror Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.7403793334961,\n 43.90593203475757\n ],\n [\n -71.6609001159668,\n 43.90593203475757\n ],\n [\n -71.6609001159668,\n 43.97243386280852\n ],\n [\n -71.7403793334961,\n 43.97243386280852\n ],\n [\n -71.7403793334961,\n 43.90593203475757\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7d9e4b0c8380cd4cd20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Day-Lewis, F. D. 0000-0003-3526-886X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":35773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"F. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, J.W. Jr.","contributorId":66723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gorelick, S.M.","contributorId":21589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030769,"text":"70030769 - 2006 - On the absence of InSAR-detected volcano deformation spanning the 1995-1996 and 1999 eruptions of Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-15T09:41:49","indexId":"70030769","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the absence of InSAR-detected volcano deformation spanning the 1995-1996 and 1999 eruptions of Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Shishaldin Volcano, a large, frequently active basaltic-andesite volcano located on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Arc of Alaska, had a minor eruption in 1995–1996 and a VEI 3 sub-Plinian basaltic eruption in 1999. We used 21 synthetic aperture radar images acquired by ERS-1, ERS-2, JERS-1, and RADARSAT-1 satellites to construct 12 coherent interferograms that span most of the 1993–2003 time interval. All interferograms lack coherence within ∼5 km of the summit, primarily due to persistent snow and ice cover on the edifice. Remarkably, in the 5–15 km distance range where interferograms are coherent, the InSAR images show no intrusion- or withdrawal-related deformation at Shishaldin during this entire time period. However, several InSAR images do show deformation associated with a shallow ML 5.2 earthquake located ∼14 km west of Shishaldin that occurred 6 weeks before the 1999 eruption. We use a theoretical model to predict deformation magnitudes due to a volumetric expansion source having a volume equivalent to the 1999 erupted volume, and find that deformation magnitudes for sources shallower than 10 km are within the expected detection capabilities for interferograms generated from C-band ERS 1/2 and RADARSAT-1 synthetic aperture radar images. We also find that InSAR images cannot resolve relatively shallow deformation sources (1–2 km below sea level) due to spatial gaps in the InSAR images caused by lost coherence. The lack of any deformation, particularly for the 1999 eruption, leads us to speculate that magma feeding eruptions at the summit moves rapidly (at least 80m/day) from > 10 km depth, and that the intrusion–eruption cycle at Shishaldin does not produce significant permanent deformation at the surface.
The variability in the supply of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) postlarvae and the transport mechanisms of planktonic stages were investigated with field data and simulations of transport. Postlarvae entering the nursery grounds of Florida Bay were collected for three consecutive years at channels that connect the Bay with the Gulf of Mexico, and in channels of the Middle Florida Keys that connect the southeastern margin of the Bay with the Atlantic Ocean. The influx of postlarvae in the Middle Florida Keys was low in magnitude and varied seasonally and among years. In contrast, the greater postlarval influx occurred at the northwestern border of the Bay, where there was a strong seasonal pattern with peaks in influx from July through September each year. Planktonic stages need to travel up to 150 km eastward between spawning grounds (northeast of Dry Tortugas) and nursery grounds (western Florida Bay) in about 30 days, the estimated time of planktonic development for this species. A Lagrangian trajectory model was developed to estimate the drift of planktonic stages across the SW Florida shelf. The model simulated the maximal distance traveled by planktonic stages under various assumptions of behavior. Simulation results indicated that larvae traveling with the instantaneous current and exhibiting a diel behavior travel up to 65 km and 75% of the larvae travel only 30 km. However, the eastward distance traveled increased substantially when a larval response to tides was added to the behavioral variable (distance increased to 200 km and 85% of larvae traveled 150 km). The question is, when during larval development, and where on the shallow SW Florida shelf, does the tidal response become incorporated into the behavior of pink shrimp.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","issn":"00900656","usgsCitation":"Criales, M.M., Wang, J.D., Browder, J.A., Robblee, M.B., Jackson, T.L., and Hittle, C.D., 2006, Variability in supply and cross-shelf transport of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) postlarvae into western Florida Bay: Fishery Bulletin, v. 104, no. 1, p. 60-74.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319626,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/1041/1041toc.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Dry Tortugas, Florida Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 25.94816628853973\n ],\n [\n -79.9200439453125,\n 25.54244147012483\n ],\n [\n -80.2166748046875,\n 25.04081549894912\n ],\n [\n -80.8648681640625,\n 24.56211235799689\n ],\n [\n -81.5789794921875,\n 24.412140070651528\n ],\n [\n -82.6336669921875,\n 24.382124181118236\n ],\n [\n -83.07861328125,\n 24.45215015618098\n ],\n [\n -83.1060791015625,\n 24.696934226366672\n ],\n [\n -82.5787353515625,\n 24.806681353851964\n ],\n [\n -81.3262939453125,\n 24.926294766395593\n ],\n [\n -80.760498046875,\n 25.224820176765036\n ],\n [\n -80.4364013671875,\n 25.606855993715016\n ],\n [\n -80.343017578125,\n 25.849336891707605\n ],\n [\n -80.2056884765625,\n 25.93828707492375\n ],\n [\n -80.04638671875,\n 25.96792222903405\n ],\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 25.94816628853973\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc12fe4b08c986b32a492","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Criales, Maria M.","contributorId":69330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Criales","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12565,"text":"Rosenstiel School of Atomospheric Science, University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":430260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, John D.","contributorId":75224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Browder, Joan A.","contributorId":7439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browder","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robblee, Michael B. mike_robblee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robblee","given":"Michael","email":"mike_robblee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":430258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackson, Thomas L.","contributorId":93667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hittle, Clinton D. cdhittle@usgs.gov","contributorId":2436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hittle","given":"Clinton","email":"cdhittle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":430259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70028193,"text":"70028193 - 2006 - Numerical modeling of magnetic moments for UXO applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028193","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Numerical modeling of magnetic moments for UXO applications","docAbstract":"The surface magnetic anomaly observed in UXO clearance is mainly dipolar and, consequently, the dipole is the only magnetic moment regularly recovered in UXO applications. The dipole moment contains information about intensity of magnetization but lacks information about shape. In contrast, higher-order moments, such as quadrupole and octupole, encode asymmetry properties of the magnetization distribution within the buried targets. In order to improve our understanding of magnetization distribution within UXO and non-UXO objects and its potential utility in UXO clearance, we present a 3D numerical modeling study for highly susceptible metallic objects. The basis for the modeling is the solution of a nonlinear integral equation describing magnetization within isolated objects. A solution for magnetization distribution then allows us to compute magnetic moments of the object, analyze their relationships, and provide a depiction of the surface anomaly produced by different moments within the object. Our modeling results show significant high-order moments for more asymmetric objects situated at depths typical of UXO burial, and suggest that the increased relative contribution to magnetic gradient data from these higher-order moments may provide a practical tool for improved UXO discrimination.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Targets and Backgrounds XII: Characterization and Representation","conferenceDate":"17 April 2006 through 18 April 2006","conferenceLocation":"Kissimmee, FL","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.664959","issn":"0277786X","isbn":"0819462950; 9780819462954","usgsCitation":"Sanchez, V., Li, Y., Nabighian, M., and Wright, D., 2006, Numerical modeling of magnetic moments for UXO applications, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 6239, Kissimmee, FL, 17 April 2006 through 18 April 2006, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.664959.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210234,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.664959"},{"id":237094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6239","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a68fae4b0c8380cd73acc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanchez, V.","contributorId":107407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanchez","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Y.","contributorId":41394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nabighian, M.","contributorId":83286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nabighian","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, D.","contributorId":6158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028241,"text":"70028241 - 2006 - Influence of deflection on a fold-to-fault progression: field evidence from near Marietta, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70028241","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of deflection on a fold-to-fault progression: field evidence from near Marietta, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Four periods of deformation (D1-D4) are recognized in the Lion Park Road borrow pit near Marietta, South Carolina. Although each period is characterized by distinct structures, D3 produced two structural styles (D3a, D3b) resulting from layer-parallel shortening. D3a is characterized by detachment folding at the tip of an underlying thrust. D3b is a fold-to-fault progression that was localized by east-dipping, quartz-filled gash fractures. The fold-to-fault progression demonstrates the influence of a mechanical anisotropy on ramp development. The early stages of D3b were formed by deflection of northwest-directed, layer-parallel shortening and active, down-section propagation of folds and thrusts. Following connection with a splay of basal detachment, later D3b stages resulted from up-section movement that produced kink folding and a throughgoing thrust. This up-section movement deformed and modified the geometries of older, down-section structures. Detailed mesoscopic field observations, integrated with a combination of current thrust fault models, are used to interpret the D3b fold-to-fault progression. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2005.12.005","issn":"01918141","usgsCitation":"Clendenin, C., and Garihan, J., 2006, Influence of deflection on a fold-to-fault progression: field evidence from near Marietta, South Carolina: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 28, no. 7, p. 1316-1326, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2005.12.005.","startPage":"1316","endPage":"1326","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210425,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2005.12.005"},{"id":237338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b20e4b0c8380cd62258","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clendenin, C.W.","contributorId":48723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clendenin","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garihan, J.M.","contributorId":84145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garihan","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031139,"text":"70031139 - 2006 - The chlorinated AHR ligand 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during embryonic development in the killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-27T13:28:52","indexId":"70031139","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The chlorinated AHR ligand 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during embryonic development in the killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus)","docAbstract":"Exposure to dioxin-like chemicals that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) can result in increased cellular and tissue production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Little is known of these effects during early fish development. We used the fish model, Fundulus heteroclitus, to determine if the AHR ligand and pro-oxidant 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) can increase ROS production during killifish development, and to test a novel method for measuring ROS non-invasively in a living organism. The superoxide-sensitive fluorescent dye, dihydroethidium (DHE), was used to detect in ovo ROS production microscopically in developing killifish exposed to PCB126 or vehicle. Both in ovo CYP1A activity (ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase, EROD) and in ovo ROS were induced by PCB126. In ovo CYP1A activity was inducible by PCB126 concentrations as low as 0.003 nM, with maximal induction occurring at 0.3 nM PCB126. These PCB126 concentrations also significantly increased in ovo ROS production in embryonic liver, ROS being detectable as early as 5 days post-fertilization. These data demonstrate that the pro-oxidant and CYP1A inducer, PCB126, increases both CYP1A activity and ROS production in developing killifish embryos. The superoxide detection assay (SoDA) described in this paper provides a semi-quantitative, easily measured, early indicator of altered ROS production that can be used in conjunction with simultaneous in ovo measurements of CYP1A activity and embryo development to explore functional relationships among biochemical, physiological and developmental responses to AHR ligands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.07.013","issn":"0166445X","usgsCitation":"Arzuaga, X., Wassenberg, D., Giulio, R.D., and Elskus, A., 2006, The chlorinated AHR ligand 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during embryonic development in the killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus): Aquatic Toxicology, v. 76, no. 1, p. 13-23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.07.013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.07.013"}],"volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa32e4b08c986b322762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arzuaga, Xabier","contributorId":107923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arzuaga","given":"Xabier","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wassenberg, Deena","contributorId":107924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wassenberg","given":"Deena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giulio, Richard D.","contributorId":42029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giulio","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elskus, Adria 0000-0003-1192-5124 aelskus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-5124","contributorId":130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elskus","given":"Adria","email":"aelskus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031138,"text":"70031138 - 2006 - Sources of variation in survival of breeding female wood ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031138","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of variation in survival of breeding female wood ducks","docAbstract":"In waterfowl, reproduction is physiologically demanding and females are exposed to varying risks of mortality at different periods of the breeding cycle. Moreover, differences among females may influence survival within breeding periods. We captured and fitted female Wood Ducks (Aix sponsa) with radio-transmitters before nest initiation during two breeding seasons to estimate survival and investigate sources of variation in survival. We partitioned the breeding season into three periods (preincubation, incubation, postnesting) according to breeding status of individual females, and used information-theoretic methods to compare models in which daily survival varied among periods, between successful and failed nesting females, and with parameters describing individual heterogeneity. Our analysis suggested that daily survival was best modeled as a function of breeding period, differences between successful and failed nesting females during postnesting, and early incubation body condition of successful females during post-nesting. Model-averaged daily survival was 0.9988 (95% CL: 0.9963-0.9996) during preincubation and 1.0 during incubation. Postnesting daily survival was 1.0 for failed nesting females and 0.9948 (0.9773-0.9988) for successful females, suggesting a trade-off between current reproduction and survival. Female age, body condition at capture, nest initiation date, and brood size generally were not useful for explaining variation in survival. Only early incubation body condition was important for modeling survival of successful females during postnesting; however, weight of evidence was limited and the effect on survival was weak. Mortality was greatest for females during preincubation and for females that nested successfully. Results support the hypothesis that brood care is costly for females. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[0201:SOVISO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Hartke, K.M., Grand, J., Hepp, G.R., and Folk, T., 2006, Sources of variation in survival of breeding female wood ducks: Condor, v. 108, no. 1, p. 201-210, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[0201:SOVISO]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"201","endPage":"210","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477421,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[0201:soviso]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211488,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[0201:SOVISO]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":238784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b93a0e4b08c986b31a5d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartke, Kevin M.","contributorId":84048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartke","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grand, J.B.","contributorId":11150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hepp, Gary R.","contributorId":8191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hepp","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Folk, T.H.","contributorId":50688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folk","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029455,"text":"70029455 - 2006 - Form drag in rivers due to small-scale natural topographic features: 2. Irregular sequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029455","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Form drag in rivers due to small-scale natural topographic features: 2. Irregular sequences","docAbstract":"The size, shape, and spacing of small-scale topographic features found on the boundaries of natural streams, rivers, and floodplains can be quite variable. Consequently, a procedure for determining the form drag on irregular sequences of different-sized topographic features is essential for calculating near-boundary flows and sediment transport. A method for carrying out such calculations is developed in this paper. This method builds on the work of Kean and Smith (2006), which describes the flow field for the simpler case of a regular sequence of identical topographic features. Both approaches model topographic features as two-dimensional elements with Gaussian-shaped cross sections defined in terms of three parameters. Field measurements of bank topography are used to show that (1) the magnitude of these shape parameters can vary greatly between adjacent topographic features and (2) the variability of these shape parameters follows a lognormal distribution. Simulations using an irregular set of topographic roughness elements show that the drag on an individual element is primarily controlled by the size and shape of the feature immediately upstream and that the spatial average of the boundary shear stress over a large set of randomly ordered elements is relatively insensitive to the sequence of the elements. In addition, a method to transform the topography of irregular surfaces into an equivalently rough surface of regularly spaced, identical topographic elements also is given. The methods described in this paper can be used to improve predictions of flow resistance in rivers as well as quantify bank roughness.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JF000490","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Kean, J., and Smith, J., 2006, Form drag in rivers due to small-scale natural topographic features: 2. Irregular sequences: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 111, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000490.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477549,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jf000490","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210648,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000490"},{"id":237636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1344e4b0c8380cd545ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kean, J. W. 0000-0003-3089-0369","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":71679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, J.D.","contributorId":35796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031137,"text":"70031137 - 2006 - Geodetic observations and modeling of magmatic inflation at the Three Sisters volcanic center, central Oregon Cascade Range, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-01T08:42:15","indexId":"70031137","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geodetic observations and modeling of magmatic inflation at the Three Sisters volcanic center, central Oregon Cascade Range, USA","docAbstract":"Tumescence at the Three Sisters volcanic center began sometime between summer 1996 and summer 1998 and was discovered in April 2001 using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). Swelling is centered about 5 km west of the summit of South Sister, a composite basaltic-andesite to rhyolite volcano that last erupted between 2200 and 2000 yr ago, and it affects an area ∼20 km in diameter within the Three Sisters Wilderness. Yearly InSAR observations show that the average maximum displacement rate was 3–5 cm/yr through summer 2001, and the velocity of a continuous GPS station within the deforming area was essentially constant from June 2001 to June 2004. The background level of seismic activity has been low, suggesting that temperatures in the source region are high enough or the strain rate has been low enough to favor plastic deformation over brittle failure. A swarm of about 300 small earthquakes (Mmax = 1.9) in the northeast quadrant of the deforming area on March 23–26, 2004, was the first notable seismicity in the area for at least two decades. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established tilt-leveling and EDM networks at South Sister in 1985–1986, resurveyed them in 2001, the latter with GPS, and extended them to cover more of the deforming area. The 2001 tilt-leveling results are consistent with the inference drawn from InSAR that the current deformation episode did not start before 1996, i.e., the amount of deformation during 1995–2001 from InSAR fully accounts for the net tilt at South Sister during 1985–2001 from tilt-leveling. Subsequent InSAR, GPS, and leveling observations constrain the source location, geometry, and inflation rate as a function of time. A best-fit source model derived from simultaneous inversion of all three datasets is a dipping sill located 6.5 ± 2.5 km below the surface with a volume increase of 5.0 × 106 ± 1.5 × 106m3/yr (95% confidence limits). The most likely cause of tumescence is a pulse of basaltic magma intruding the upper crust along the brittle–ductile interface — a process that must occur episodically beneath the Cascade Range but in the past would have escaped detection in the absence of unusual seismicity. We speculate that such intrusive episodes last from days to years and are separated by quiescent periods of decades to centuries. The likelihood that the current episode at Three Sisters will culminate in an eruption is judged to be low, but the impact of an eruption could be great. The USGS has updated its volcano hazards assessment for the Three Sisters region, notified appropriate agencies and the public, and is helping to prepare an emergency coordination and communication plan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.07.011","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Dzurisin, D., Lisowski, M., Wicks, C., Poland, M., and Endo, E.T., 2006, Geodetic observations and modeling of magmatic inflation at the Three Sisters volcanic center, central Oregon Cascade Range, USA: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 150, no. 1-3, p. 35-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.07.011.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238783,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Central Oregon Cascade Range, Three Sisters volcanic center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121,\n 44.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 44.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 44.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"150","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a173de4b0c8380cd55441","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wicks, Charles W. Jr. cwicks@usgs.gov","contributorId":3476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"Charles W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cwicks@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":105847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Endo, Elliot T.","contributorId":10439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endo","given":"Elliot","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029442,"text":"70029442 - 2006 - The Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX): Its structure, connection to other international initiatives and future directions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029442","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX): Its structure, connection to other international initiatives and future directions","docAbstract":"The Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) is an international project aimed at developing enhanced techniques for the a priori estimation of parameters in hydrological models and in land surface parameterization schemes connected to atmospheric models. The MOPEX science strategy involves: database creation, a priori parameter estimation methodology development, parameter refinement or calibration, and the demonstration of parameter transferability. A comprehensive MOPEX database has been developed that contains historical hydrometeorological data and land surface characteristics data for many hydrological basins in the United States (US) and in other countries. This database is being continuously expanded to include basins from various hydroclimatic regimes throughout the world. MOPEX research has largely been driven by a series of international workshops that have brought interested hydrologists and land surface modellers together to exchange knowledge and experience in developing and applying parameter estimation techniques. With its focus on parameter estimation, MOPEX plays an important role in the international context of other initiatives such as GEWEX, HEPEX, PUB and PILPS. This paper outlines the MOPEX initiative, discusses its role in the scientific community, and briefly states future directions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Wagener, T., Hogue, T., Schaake, J., Duan, Q., Gupta, H., Andreassian, V., Hall, A., and Leavesley, G., 2006, The Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX): Its structure, connection to other international initiatives and future directions: IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 307, p. 339-346.","startPage":"339","endPage":"346","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"307","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba7f8e4b08c986b32190c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagener, T.","contributorId":36350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagener","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hogue, T.","contributorId":74189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogue","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schaake, J.","contributorId":63603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaake","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duan, Q.","contributorId":57257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duan","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gupta, H.","contributorId":75296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gupta","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andreassian, V.","contributorId":77352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreassian","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hall, A.","contributorId":38720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Leavesley, G.","contributorId":90483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70029436,"text":"70029436 - 2006 - Developing a bubble number-density paleoclimatic indicator for glacier ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-11T12:55:39.019412","indexId":"70029436","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a bubble number-density paleoclimatic indicator for glacier ice","docAbstract":"Past accumulation rate can be estimated from the measured number-density of bubbles in an ice core and the reconstructed paleotemperature, using a new technique. Density increase and grain growth in polar firn are both controlled by temperature and accumulation rate, and the integrated effects are recorded in the number-density of bubbles as the firn changes to ice. An empirical model of these processes, optimized to fit published data on recently formed bubbles, reconstructs accumulation rates using recent temperatures with an uncertainty of 41% (P < 0.05). For modern sites considered here, no statistically significant trend exists between mean annual temperature and the ratio of bubble number-density to grain number-density at the time of pore close-off; optimum modeled accumulation-rate estimates require an eventual ∼2.02 ± 0.08 (P < 0.05) bubbles per close-off grain. Bubble number-density in the GRIP (Greenland) ice core is qualitatively consistent with independent estimates for a combined temperature decrease and accumulation-rate increase there during the last 5 kyr.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","issn":"00221430","usgsCitation":"Spencer, M.K., Alley, R.B., and Fitzpatrick, J.J., 2006, Developing a bubble number-density paleoclimatic indicator for glacier ice: Journal of Glaciology, v. 52, no. 178, p. 358-364.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"364","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"178","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0008e4b0c8380cd4f54f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, M. K.","contributorId":79687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alley, R. B.","contributorId":49533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, J. J.","contributorId":95078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029299,"text":"70029299 - 2006 - Erosion rates at the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites and long-term climate change on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029299","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosion rates at the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites and long-term climate change on Mars","docAbstract":"Erosion rates derived from the Gusev cratered plains and the erosion of weak sulfates by saltating sand at Meridiani Planum are so slow that they argue that the present dry and desiccating environment has persisted since the Early Hesperian. In contrast, sedimentary rocks at Meridiani formed in the presence of groundwater and occasional surface water, and many Columbia Hills rocks at Gusev underwent aqueous alteration during the Late Noachian, approximately coeval with a wide variety of geomorphic indicators that indicate a wetter and likely warmer environment. Two-toned rocks, elevated ventifacts, and perched and undercut rocks indicate localized deflation of the Gusev plains and deposition of an equivalent amount of sediment into craters to form hollows, suggesting average erosion rates of ???0.03 nm/yr. Erosion of Hesperian craters, modification of Late Amazonian craters, and the concentration of hematite concretions in the soils of Meridiani yield slightly higher average erosion rates of 1-10 nm/yr in the Amazonian. These erosion rates are 2-5 orders of magnitude lower than the slowest continental denudation rates on Earth, indicating that liquid water was not an active erosional agent. Erosion rates for Meridiani just before deposition of the sulfate-rich sediments and other eroded Noachian areas are comparable with slow denudation rates on Earth that are dominated by liquid water. Available data suggest the climate change at the landing sites from wet and likely warm to dry and desiccating occurred sometime between the Late Noachian and the beginning of the Late Hesperian (3.7-3.5 Ga). Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JE002754","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Golombek, M., Grant, J.A., Crumpler, L., Greeley, R., Arvidson, R., Bell, J., Weitz, C., Sullivan, R., Christensen, P.R., Soderblom, L., and Squyres, S.W., 2006, Erosion rates at the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites and long-term climate change on Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 111, no. 12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JE002754.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477528,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006je002754","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JE002754"},{"id":237442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a3ee4b0c8380cd5227a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golombek, M.P.","contributorId":52696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golombek","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grant, J. A.","contributorId":28334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crumpler, L.S.","contributorId":81575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crumpler","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greeley, R.","contributorId":6538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weitz, C.M.","contributorId":8649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weitz","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sullivan, R.J.","contributorId":21302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Christensen, P. R.","contributorId":7819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Squyres, S. 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Time-series resistivity profiles using a new 56 electrode (112-m long) marine cable produced detailed profiles of the fresh water/salt water interface and the subtle response of this interface to tidal excursions and other forcing factors. Such information, when ground-truthed with representative pore water salinities and formation resistivity values, can provide unique information of the extent and rates of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Time-series 222Rn measurements of the adjacent coastal water column complemented these geophysical techniques and were modeled to yield integrated advective flow rates across the sediment/water interface, which at Dor Beach ranged from about 0 to 30 cm day-1 (mean = 7.1 cm d-1), depending on the tidal range. Such results suggest that the underlying hydrogeologic framework at Dor is favorable for substantial SGD. Extrapolating these SGD estimates across a 100-m wide coastal zone implies that the Rn-derived SGD rate would equal ???7.1 m3 d-1 per m of shoreline, and that the source of this discharging groundwater is a complex mixture of fresh groundwater derived from the upland Kurkar deposits, as well as locally recycled seawater. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006GL028282","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P., Burnett, W.C., Greenwood, W., Herut, B., Peterson, R., Dimova, N., Shalem, Y., Yechieli, Y., and Weinstein, Y., 2006, Combined time-series resistivity and geochemical tracer techniques to examine submarine groundwater discharge at Dor Beach, Israel: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 33, no. 24, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028282.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477535,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006gl028282","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210864,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028282"}],"volume":"33","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7dae4b0c8380cd4cd2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnett, W. C.","contributorId":39779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnett","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greenwood, W.J.","contributorId":33518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herut, B.","contributorId":101444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herut","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, R.","contributorId":69773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dimova, N.","contributorId":66051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dimova","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shalem, Y.","contributorId":84971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shalem","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yechieli, Y.","contributorId":23308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yechieli","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weinstein, Y.","contributorId":100186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weinstein","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70029174,"text":"70029174 - 2006 - Migration depths of juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead relative to total dissolved gas supersaturation in a Columbia River reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T15:58:31","indexId":"70029174","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration depths of juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead relative to total dissolved gas supersaturation in a Columbia River reservoir","docAbstract":"The in situ depths of juvenile salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. were studied to determine whether hydrostatic compensation was sufficient to protect them from gas bubble disease (GBD) during exposure to total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation from a regional program of spill at dams meant to improve salmonid passage survival. Yearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha and juvenile steelhead O. mykiss implanted with pressure-sensing radio transmitters were monitored from boats while they were migrating between the tailrace of Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River and the forebay of McNary Dam on the Columbia River during 1997-1999. The TDG generally decreased with distance from the tailrace of the dam and was within levels known to cause GBD signs and mortality in laboratory bioassays. Results of repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated that the mean depths of juvenile steelhead were similar throughout the study area, ranging from 2.0 m in the Snake River to 2.3 m near the McNary Dam forebay. The mean depths of yearling Chinook salmon generally increased with distance from Ice Harbor Dam, ranging from 1.5 m in the Snake River to 3.2 m near the forebay. Juvenile steelhead were deeper at night than during the day, and yearling Chinook salmon were deeper during the day than at night. The TDG level was a significant covariate in models of the migration depth and rates of each species, but no effect of fish size was detected. Hydrostatic compensation, along with short exposure times in the area of greatest TDG, reduced the effects of TDG exposure below those generally shown to elicit GBD signs or mortality. Based on these factors, our results indicate that the TDG limits of the regional spill program were safe for these juvenile salmonids.
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We identified spawning and nonspawning differences in habitat associations resulting from I year of field data via logistic regression modeling and identified shifts in microhabitat selection via frequency-of-use and availability histograms. Each species demonstrated different habitat associations between spawning and nonspawning periods. The peak spawning period for slenderhead darters was April to May in high-velocity microhabitats containing cobble. Individuals were associated with similar microhabitats during the postspawn summer and began migrating to deeper habitats in the fall. Most suckermouth minnow spawned from late March through early May in shallow microhabitats. The probability of the presence of these fish in shallow habitats declined postspawn, as fish apparently shifted to deeper habitats. Stonecats conducted prespawn activities in nearshore microhabitats containing large substrates but probably moved to deeper habitats during summer to spawn. Microhabitats with shallow depths containing cobble were associated with the presence of spawning red shiners during the summer. Prespawn fish selected low-velocity microhabitats during the spring, whereas postspawn fish selected habitats similar to the spawning habitat but added a shallow depth component. Hydraulic variables had the most influence on microhabitat models for all of these species, emphasizing the importance of flow in habitat selection by river-dwelling fishes. Histological analyses allowed us to more precisely document the time periods when habitat use is critical to species success. Without evidence demonstrating the functional mechanisms behind habitat associations, protective flows implemented for habitat protection are unlikely to be effective. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T05-021.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S., Papoulias, D., and Rabeni, C., 2006, Spawning habitat associations and selection by fishes in a flow-regulated prairie river: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 135, no. 3, p. 763-778, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-021.1.","startPage":"763","endPage":"778","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210717,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-021.1"},{"id":237727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94d6e4b08c986b31ac7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, S.K.","contributorId":34284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papoulias, D. 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M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rabeni, C.F.","contributorId":67823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030301,"text":"70030301 - 2006 - An assessment of the impact of the 2003 EPRI ground-motion prediction models on the USGS national seismic-hazard maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030301","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the impact of the 2003 EPRI ground-motion prediction models on the USGS national seismic-hazard maps","docAbstract":"Ground-motion attenuation relations have an important impact on seismic hazard analyses. Ground-motion modeling is particularly sensitive to assumptions about wave-propagation attenuation (crustal Q and geometrical spreading), as well as source and site conditions. Studies of path attenuation from earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA) provide insights into the appropriateness of specific attenuation relations. An Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) (2003, 2004) study combines published ENA ground-motion attenuation relations into four model forms: single-corner, double-corner, hybrid-empirical, and finite-fault. When substituted in the U.S. Geological Survey 2002 national seismic hazard maps for the five ENA relations originally used in those hazard calculations, the EPRI (2003) relations predict similar ground motions and hazard at short periods (<0.5 sec) and significantly lower ground motions (20%-50%) at longer periods (>0.5 sec), relative to the 2002 national maps. A major reason for this difference is due to the crustal seismic-wave attenuation model assumed in a few of the ENA relations combined into the EPRI (2003, 2004) models. Although appropriate differences in geometrical spreading models among ENA relations can also be significant, a few ENA relations have 1-Hz Q-values (Q0) that are below the EPRI (1993) consensus range for Q0 when coupled with a geometrical spreading of R-0.5. The EPRI (2003, 2004) single-corner relation is strongly influenced by the inclusion of ENA relations with assumed Q0 below the EPRI (1993) range, which explains much of the discrepancy in predictions at longer periods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050079","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Cramer, C., 2006, An assessment of the impact of the 2003 EPRI ground-motion prediction models on the USGS national seismic-hazard maps: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 3, p. 1159-1169, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050079.","startPage":"1159","endPage":"1169","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211742,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050079"},{"id":239091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea19e4b0c8380cd48627","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cramer, C.","contributorId":102254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cramer","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}