In October and November of 1995 and February of 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District, conducted geophysical surveys of the Peace River in west-central Florida from east of Bartow to west of Arcadia. This report serves as an archive of unprocessed digital boomer seismic reflection data, trackline maps, navigation files, GIS files, Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs, observers' logbooks, and formal FGDC metadata. Filtered and gained digital images of the seismic profiles are also provided. Refer to the Acronyms page for expansion of acronyms and abbreviations used in this report.
\nThe archived trace data are in standard Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) SEG-Y format (Barry and others, 1975) and may be downloaded and processed with commercial or public domain software such as Seismic Unix (SU). Example SU processing scripts and USGS software for viewing the SEG-Y files (Zihlman, 1992) are also provided.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds217","usgsCitation":"Calderon, K., Dadisman, S.V., Tihansky, A.B., Lewelling, B.R., Flocks, J.G., Wiese, D.S., Kindinger, J.L., and Harrison, A.S., 2006, Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS field activities 95LCA03 and 96LCA02 in the Peace River of West-Central Florida, 1995 and 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 217, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds217.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1995-10-01","temporalEnd":"1996-02-28","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds217.PNG"},{"id":8958,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/217/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Peace River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calderon, Karynna","contributorId":92739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calderon","given":"Karynna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tihansky, Ann B. tihansky@usgs.gov","contributorId":2477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tihansky","given":"Ann","email":"tihansky@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lewelling, Bill R.","contributorId":32464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewelling","given":"Bill","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":289915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Harrison, Arnell S. 0000-0002-5581-2255","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-2255","contributorId":35021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Arnell","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":79440,"text":"fs20063133 - 2006 - Natural Bitumen Resources of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:35:27","indexId":"fs20063133","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3133","title":"Natural Bitumen Resources of the United States","docAbstract":"Major natural bitumen accumulations in the United States are estimated to contain about 36 billion barrels of measured in-place resource and about 18 billion barrels of speculative in-place resource. Major natural bitumen resources are in Alabama, Alaska, California, Kentucky, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20063133","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Natural Bitumen Resources of the United States (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3133, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063133.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3133.jpg"},{"id":8957,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3133/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":357004,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3133/pdf/FS2006-3133_508.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6982d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79438,"text":"ds226 - 2006 - Summary of Suspended-Sediment Concentration Data, San Francisco Bay, California, Water Year 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-26T16:32:16","indexId":"ds226","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"226","title":"Summary of Suspended-Sediment Concentration Data, San Francisco Bay, California, Water Year 2004","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds226","usgsCitation":"Buchanan, P.A., and Lionberger, M., 2006, Summary of Suspended-Sediment Concentration Data, San Francisco Bay, California, Water Year 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 226, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds226.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2003-10-01","temporalEnd":"2004-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8955,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/226/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69949f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan, Paul A. 0000-0002-4796-4734 buchanan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-4734","contributorId":1018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"Paul","email":"buchanan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lionberger, Megan A.","contributorId":29904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lionberger","given":"Megan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79437,"text":"sir20065200 - 2006 - Flow paths in the Edwards aquifer, northern Medina and northeastern Uvalde Counties, Texas, based on hydrologic identification and geochemical characterization and simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T18:15:29.746224","indexId":"sir20065200","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5200","title":"Flow paths in the Edwards aquifer, northern Medina and northeastern Uvalde Counties, Texas, based on hydrologic identification and geochemical characterization and simulation","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, conducted a 4-year study during 2001– 04 to identify major ground-water flow paths in the Edwards aquifer in northern Medina and northeastern Uvalde Counties, Texas. The study involved use of geologic structure, surfacewater and ground-water data, and geochemistry to identify ground-water flow paths. Relay ramps and associated faulting in northern Medina County appear to channel ground-water flow along four distinct flow paths that move water toward the southwest.
The northwestern Medina flow path is bounded on the north by the Woodard Cave fault and on the south by the Parkers Creek fault. Water moves downdip toward the southwest until the flow encounters a cross fault along Seco Creek. This barrier to flow might force part or most of the flow to the south. Departure hydrographs for two wells and discharge departure for a streamflow-gaging station provide evidence for flow in the northwestern Medina flow path. The north-central Medina flow path (northern part) is bounded by the Parkers Creek fault on the north and the Medina Lake fault on the south.
The adjacent north-central Medina flow path (southern part) is bounded on the north by the Medina Lake fault and on the south by the Diversion Lake fault. The north-central Medina flow path is separated into a northern and southern part because of water-level differences. Ground water in both parts of the northcentral Medina flow path moves downgradient (and down relay ramp) from eastern Medina County toward the southwest. The north-central Medina flow path is hypothesized to turn south in the vicinity of Seco Creek as it begins to be influenced by structural features. Departure hydrographs for four wells and Medina Lake and discharge departure for a streamflow-gaging station provide evidence for flow in the north-central Medina flow path.
The south-central Medina flow path is bounded on the north by the Seco Creek and Diversion Lake faults and on the south by the Haby Crossing fault. Because of bounding faults oriented northeast-southwest and adjacent flow paths directed south by other geologic structures, the south-central Medina flow path follows the configuration of the adjacent flow paths—oriented initially southwest and then south. Immediately after turning south, the south-central Medina flow path turns sharply east. Departure hydrographs for four wells and discharge departure for a streamflow-gaging station provide evidence for flow in the south-central Medina flow path. Statistical correlations between water-level departures for 11 continuously monitored wells provide additional evidence for the hypothesized flow paths.
Of the 55 combinations of departure dataset pairs, the stronger correlations (those greater than .6) are all among wells in the same flow path, with one exception. Simulations of compositional differences in water chemistry along a hypothesized flow path in the Edwards aquifer and between ground-water and surface-water systems near Medina Lake were developed using the geochemical model PHREEQC. Ground-water chemistry for samples from five wells in the Edwards aquifer in the northwestern Medina flow path were used to evaluate the evolution of ground-water chemistry in the northwestern Medina flow path. Seven simulations were done for samples from pairs of these wells collected during 2001–03; three of the seven yielded plausible models.
Ground-water samples from 13 wells were used to evaluate the evolution of ground-water chemistry in the north-central Medina flow path (northern and southern parts). Five of the wells in the most upgradient part of the flow path were completed in the Trinity aquifer; the remaining eight were completed in the Edwards aquifer. Nineteen simulations were done for samples from well pairs collected during 1995–2003; eight of the 19 yielded plausible models. Ground-water samples from seven wells were used to evaluate the evolution of ground-water chemistry in the south-central Medina flow path. One well was the Trinity aquifer end-member well upgradient from all flow paths, and another was a Trinity aquifer well in the most upgradient part of the flow path; all other wells were completed in the Edwards aquifer. Nine simulations were done for samples from well pairs collected during 1996–2003; seven of the nine yielded plausible models. The plausible models demonstrate that the four hypothesized flow paths can be partially supported geochemically.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065200","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.K., and Journey, C.A., 2006, Flow paths in the Edwards aquifer, northern Medina and northeastern Uvalde Counties, Texas, based on hydrologic identification and geochemical characterization and simulation: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5200, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065200.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"54","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430299,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78676.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8953,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5200/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191319,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065200.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Medina County, Uvalde County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.6,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -99.6,\n 29.7\n ],\n [\n -98.9,\n 29.7\n ],\n [\n -98.9,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -99.6,\n 29.3\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df5c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Allan K. 0000-0003-0099-1521 akclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-1521","contributorId":1279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allan","email":"akclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":289909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79434,"text":"tm6B5 - 2006 - Section 5. Procedures for Developing Models To Predict Exceedances of Recreational Water-Quality Standards at Coastal Beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:20","indexId":"tm6B5","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-B5","title":"Section 5. Procedures for Developing Models To Predict Exceedances of Recreational Water-Quality Standards at Coastal Beaches","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Techniques and Methods Book 6, Chapter B","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tm6B5","usgsCitation":"Francy, D.S., and Darner, R.A., 2006, Section 5. Procedures for Developing Models To Predict Exceedances of Recreational Water-Quality Standards at Coastal Beaches: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-B5, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6B5.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8949,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm6b5/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc1ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francy, Donna S. 0000-0001-9229-3557 dsfrancy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":1853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"Donna","email":"dsfrancy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darner, Robert A. 0000-0003-1333-8265 radarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-8265","contributorId":1972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darner","given":"Robert","email":"radarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79426,"text":"sir20065296 - 2006 - Simulation of constituent transport in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota and Minnesota, during unsteady-flow conditions, 1977 and 2003-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T14:24:17","indexId":"sir20065296","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5296","title":"Simulation of constituent transport in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota and Minnesota, during unsteady-flow conditions, 1977 and 2003-04","docAbstract":"The Bureau of Reclamation identified eight water-supply alternatives for the Red River Valley Water Supply Project. Of those alternatives, six were considered for this study. Those six alternatives include a no-action alternative, two in-basin alternatives, and three interbasin alternatives. To address concerns of stakeholders and to provide information for an environmental impact statement, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, developed and applied a water-quality model to simulate the transport of total dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, sodium, and total phosphorus during unsteady-flow conditions and to simulate the effects of the water-supply alternatives on water quality in the Red River and the Sheyenne River. The physical domain of the model, hereinafter referred to as the Red River model, includes the Red River from Wahpeton, North Dakota, to Emerson, Manitoba, and the Sheyenne River from below Baldhill Dam, North Dakota, to the confluence with the Red River.\r\n\r\nBoundary conditions were specified for May 15 through October 31, 2003, and January 15 through June 30, 2004. Measured streamflow data were available for August 1 through October 31, 2003, and April 1 through June 30, 2004, but water-quality data were available only for September 15 through 16, 2003, and May 10 through 13, 2004. The water-quality boundary conditions were assumed to be time invariant for the entire calibration period and to be equal to the measured value.\r\n\r\nThe average difference between the measured and simulated streamflows was less than 4 percent for both calibration periods, and most differences were less than 2 percent. The average differences are considered to be acceptable because the differences are less than 5 percent, or the same as the error that would be expected in a typical streamflow measurement. Simulated total dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, and sodium concentrations generally were less than measured concentrations for both calibration periods. The average absolute differences generally were less than 25 percent. Total phosphorus was simulated as a nonconservative constituent by assuming that concentrations change according to a first-order decay rate. The average difference between the measured and simulated total phosphorus concentrations was 6.2 percent for the 2003 calibration period and -24 percent for the 2004 calibration period. The Red River model demonstrates sensitivity to changes in boundary conditions so a reasonable assumption is that the model can be used to compare relative effects of the various water-supply alternatives.\r\n\r\nThe calibrated Red River model was used to simulate the effects of the six water-supply alternatives by using measured streamflows for September 1, 1976, through August 31, 1977, when streamflows throughout the Red River Basin were relatively low. Streamflows for the Red River at Fargo, North Dakota, were less than 17.9 cubic feet per second on 159 days of that 12-month period, and monthly average streamflows for the Red River at Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the Red River at Emerson, Manitoba, were less than 30 percent of the respective long-term average monthly streamflows for 11 of the 12 months during September 1976 through August 1977.\r\n\r\nWater-quality boundary conditions were generated using a stochastic approach in which probability distributions derived from all available historical data on instream concentrations were used to produce daily concentrations at model boundaries. Return flow concentrations were estimated from source concentrations and current (2006) wastewater-treatment technology. Because no historical information on ungaged local inflow constituent concentrations is available to estimate those boundary conditions, time-invariant concentrations for the low-flow 2003 calibration period were used as the ungaged local inflow boundary conditions. The effects of the water-supply alternatives on water quality in the Red River and ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065296","usgsCitation":"Nustad, R.A., and Bales, J.D., 2006, Simulation of constituent transport in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota and Minnesota, during unsteady-flow conditions, 1977 and 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5296, vi, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065296.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1977-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2006_5296.jpg"},{"id":8932,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5296/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Red River of the North basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b4e4b07f02db5ca58d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nustad, Rochelle A. 0000-0002-4713-5944 ranustad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5944","contributorId":1811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"Rochelle","email":"ranustad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bales, Jerad D. 0000-0001-8398-6984 jdbales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-6984","contributorId":683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"Jerad","email":"jdbales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79427,"text":"ofr20061345 - 2006 - Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr20061345","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1345","title":"Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan","docAbstract":"In 2005, the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Trade and Development Agency contracted with the U.S. Geological Survey to perform assessments of the natural resources within Afghanistan. The assessments concentrate on the resources that are related to the economic development of that country. Therefore, assessments were initiated in oil and gas, coal, mineral resources, water resources, and earthquake hazards. All of these assessments require geologic, structural, and topographic information throughout the country at a finer scale and better accuracy than that provided by the existing maps, which were published in the 1970s by the Russians and Germans. The very rugged terrain in Afghanistan, the large scale of these assessments, and the terrorist threat in Afghanistan indicated that the best approach to provide the preliminary assessments was to use remotely sensed, satellite image data, although this may also apply to subsequent phases of the assessments. Therefore, the first step in the assessment process was to produce satellite image mosaics of Afghanistan that would be useful for these assessments. This report discusses the production and characteristics of the fundamental satellite image databases produced for these assessments, which are calibrated image mosaics of all six Landsat nonthermal (reflected) bands. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061345","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., 2006, Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1345, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061345.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8933,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1345/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60,29 ], [ 60,39 ], [ 75,39 ], [ 75,29 ], [ 60,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e712a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79431,"text":"wdrNJ053 - 2006 - Water Resources Data, New Jersey, Water Year 2005Volume 3 - Water-Quality Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"wdrNJ053","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NJ-05-3","title":"Water Resources Data, New Jersey, Water Year 2005Volume 3 - Water-Quality Data","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 2005 water year for New Jersey are presented in three volumes, and consists of records of stage, discharge, and water-quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water-quality of ground water. Volume 3 contains a summary of surface- and ground-water hydrologic conditions for the 2005 water year, a listing of current water-resources projects in New Jersey, a bibliography of water-related reports, articles, and fact sheets for New Jersey completed by the Geological Survey in recent years, water-quality records of chemical analyses from 118 continuing-record surface-water stations, 30 ground-water sites, records of daily statistics of temperature and other physical measurements from 9 continuous-recording stations, and 5 special studies that included 89 stream, 11 lake, and 29 ground-water sites. Locations of water-quality stations are shown in figures 23-25. Locations of special-study sites are shown in figures 41-46. These data represent\r\nthat part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating federal, state, and local agencies in New Jersey.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrNJ053","usgsCitation":"DeLuca, M.J., Heckathorn, H.A., Lewis, J.M., Gray, B., and Feinson, L.S., 2006, Water Resources Data, New Jersey, Water Year 2005Volume 3 - Water-Quality Data: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NJ-05-3, 568 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNJ053.","productDescription":"568 p.","numberOfPages":"568","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8939,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2005/wdr-nj-05-3/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6996aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeLuca, Michael J.","contributorId":82008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLuca","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heckathorn, Heather A. haheck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heckathorn","given":"Heather","email":"haheck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, Jason M. 0000-0001-5337-1890 jmlewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1890","contributorId":3854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jason","email":"jmlewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, Bonnie J.","contributorId":89624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Bonnie J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feinson, Lawrence S. lsfeinso@usgs.gov","contributorId":4232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinson","given":"Lawrence","email":"lsfeinso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70259125,"text":"70259125 - 2006 - Range condition as input to water quality monitoring in the northern Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-27T15:50:41.864023","indexId":"70259125","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T10:41:59","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Range condition as input to water quality monitoring in the northern Plains","docAbstract":"Federal Clean Water Act requires that states develop Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for water bodies. Once the state has developed an inventory of TMDLs, it is required to provide public notice of the report and have it approved by the Environmental Protection Agency. The South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) is using the USDA’s annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Model to determine what land use changes are required to meet TMDL goals (South Dakota DENR, 2006). Of the approximately 450 parameters required for running the model, several are related to the condition of range and pasture sites and their respective management practices. Range condition is highly correlated with the nature of runoff occurring in a site. In addition to assisting the DENR, USGS is interested in improving its overall ability to monitor Northern Plains range condition with particular emphasis on the seven state study area (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming) being addressed by the Drought Monitoring, Carbon Cycle Research, Phenological Trends and other projects. It is understood than no one project can develop tools that adequately characterize the dynamics of the region’s rangelands, but by developing a suite of tools brought together from a number of projects there exists the opportunity to provide state, regional, and tribal land managers with the ability to address their particular needs.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prospecting for geospatial information integration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"ASPRS 2006 Annual Conference","conferenceDate":"May 1-5, 2006","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Wood, E.C., Wylie, B.K., Brown, J.F., Meyer, D.J., Maxwell, S., and Reed, B.C., 2006, Range condition as input to water quality monitoring in the northern Plains, in Prospecting for geospatial information integration, Reno, NV, May 1-5, 2006, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462341,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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While it has been extensively studied in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems, there has been limited communication among denitrification scientists working in these individual systems. Here, we compare rates of denitrification and controlling factors across a range of ecosystem types. We suggest that terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems in which denitrification occurs can be organized along a continuum ranging from (1) those in which nitrification and denitrification are tightly coupled in space and time to (2) those in which nitrate production and denitrification are relatively decoupled.
In aquatic ecosystems, N inputs influence denitrification rates whereas hydrology and geomorphology influence the proportion of N inputs that are denitrified. Relationships between denitrification and water residence time and N load are remarkably similar across lakes, river reaches, estuaries, and continental shelves.
Spatially distributed global models of denitrification suggest that continental shelf sediments account for the largest portion (44%) of total global denitrification, followed by terrestrial soils (22%) and oceanic oxygen minimum zones (OMZs; 14%). Freshwater systems (groundwater, lakes, rivers) account for about 20% and estuaries 1% of total global denitrification. Denitrification of land-based N sources is distributed somewhat differently. Within watersheds, the amount of land-based N denitrified is generally highest in terrestrial soils, with progressively smaller amounts denitrified in groundwater, rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and estuaries. A number of regional exceptions to this general trend of decreasing denitrification in a downstream direction exist, including significant denitrification in continental shelves of N from terrestrial sources. Though terrestrial soils and groundwater are responsible for much denitrification at the watershed scale, per-area denitrification rates in soils and groundwater (kg N·km−2·yr−1) are, on average, approximately one-tenth the per-area rates of denitrification in lakes, rivers, estuaries, continental shelves, or OMZs. A number of potential approaches to increase denitrification on the landscape, and thus decrease N export to sensitive coastal systems exist. However, these have not generally been widely tested for their effectiveness at scales required to significantly reduce N export at the whole watershed scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2064:DALAWA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Seitzinger, S., Harrison, J., Böhlke, J., Bouwman, A., Lowrance, R., Peterson, B., Tobias, C., and Van Drecht, G., 2006, Denitrification across landscapes and waterscapes: A synthesis: Ecological Applications, v. 16, no. 6, p. 2064-2090, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2064:DALAWA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"27 p. ","startPage":"2064","endPage":"2090","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4707","text":"External Repository"},{"id":336966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4fbe4b014cc3a3ba507","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seitzinger, S.","contributorId":187618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitzinger","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, J. A.","contributorId":73434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bouwman, A.F.","contributorId":182430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouwman","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lowrance, R.","contributorId":6198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowrance","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, B.","contributorId":95412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tobias, C.","contributorId":101435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobias","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Van Drecht, G.","contributorId":187617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Drecht","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70185644,"text":"70185644 - 2006 - Methods for measuring denitrification: Diverse approaches to a difficult problem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-01T16:11:44","indexId":"70185644","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methods for measuring denitrification: Diverse approaches to a difficult problem","docAbstract":"Denitrification, the reduction of the nitrogen (N) oxides, nitrate (NO3−) and nitrite (NO2−), to the gases nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N2O), and dinitrogen (N2), is important to primary production, water quality, and the chemistry and physics of the atmosphere at ecosystem, landscape, regional, and global scales. Unfortunately, this process is very difficult to measure, and existing methods are problematic for different reasons in different places at different times. In this paper, we review the major approaches that have been taken to measure denitrification in terrestrial and aquatic environments and discuss the strengths, weaknesses, and future prospects for the different methods. Methodological approaches covered include (1) acetylene-based methods, (2) 15N tracers, (3) direct N2 quantification, (4) N2:Ar ratio quantification, (5) mass balance approaches, (6) stoichiometric approaches, (7) methods based on stable isotopes, (8) in situ gradients with atmospheric environmental tracers, and (9) molecular approaches. Our review makes it clear that the prospects for improved quantification of denitrification vary greatly in different environments and at different scales. While current methodology allows for the production of accurate estimates of denitrification at scales relevant to water and air quality and ecosystem fertility questions in some systems (e.g., aquatic sediments, well-defined aquifers), methodology for other systems, especially upland terrestrial areas, still needs development. Comparison of mass balance and stoichiometric approaches that constrain estimates of denitrification at large scales with point measurements (made using multiple methods), in multiple systems, is likely to propel more improvement in denitrification methods over the next few years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2091:MFMDDA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Groffman, P., Altabet, M.A., Böhlke, J., Butterbach-Bahl, K., David, M.B., Firestone, M.K., Giblin, A.E., Kana, T.M., Nielsen, L.P., and Voytek, M.A., 2006, Methods for measuring denitrification: Diverse approaches to a difficult problem: Ecological Applications, v. 16, no. 6, p. 2091-2122, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2091:MFMDDA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"32 p. ","startPage":"2091","endPage":"2122","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/1425","text":"External Repository"},{"id":338344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da251ae4b0543bf7fda7fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groffman, Peter M","contributorId":168873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groffman","given":"Peter M","affiliations":[{"id":25372,"text":"Senior Research Scientist, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":686193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Altabet, Mary A.","contributorId":189828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Altabet","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus","contributorId":189829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterbach-Bahl","given":"Klaus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"David, Mary B.","contributorId":189830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"David","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Firestone, Mary K.","contributorId":189831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Firestone","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Giblin, Anne E.","contributorId":103966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giblin","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kana, Todd M.","contributorId":189832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kana","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nielsen, Lars Peter","contributorId":189833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":79421,"text":"sir20065238 - 2006 - Water-quality trend analysis and sampling design for the Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota, January 1965 through September 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-15T11:18:52","indexId":"sir20065238","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5238","title":"Water-quality trend analysis and sampling design for the Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota, January 1965 through September 2003","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the North Dakota State Water Commission, the Devils Lake Basin Joint Water Resource Board, and the Red River Joint Water Resource District, to analyze historical water-quality trends in three dissolved major ions, three nutrients, and one dissolved trace element for eight stations in the Devils Lake Basin in North Dakota and to develop an efficient sampling design to monitor the future trends.\r\n\r\nA multiple-regression model was used to detect and remove streamflow-related variability in constituent concentrations. To separate the natural variability in concentration as a result of variability in streamflow from the variability in concentration as a result of other factors, the base-10 logarithm of daily streamflow was divided into four components-a 5-year streamflow anomaly, an annual streamflow anomaly, a seasonal streamflow anomaly, and a daily streamflow anomaly. The constituent concentrations then were adjusted for streamflow-related variability by removing the 5-year, annual, seasonal, and daily variability. Constituents used for the water-quality trend analysis were evaluated for a step trend to examine the effect of Channel A on water quality in the basin and a linear trend to detect gradual changes with time from January 1980 through September 2003.\r\n\r\nThe fitted upward linear trends for dissolved calcium concentrations during 1980-2003 for two stations were significant. The fitted step trends for dissolved sulfate concentrations for three stations were positive and similar in magnitude. Of the three upward trends, one was significant. The fitted step trends for dissolved chloride concentrations were positive but insignificant. The fitted linear trends for the upstream stations were small and insignificant, but three of the downward trends that occurred during 1980-2003 for the remaining stations were significant. The fitted upward linear trends for dissolved nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen concentrations during 1987-2003 for two stations were significant. However, concentrations during recent years appear to be lower than those for the 1970s and early 1980s but higher than those for the late 1980s and early 1990s. The fitted downward linear trend for dissolved ammonia concentrations for one station was significant. The fitted linear trends for total phosphorus concentrations for two stations were significant. Upward trends for total phosphorus concentrations occurred from the late 1980s to 2003 for most stations, but a small and insignificant downward trend occurred for one station. Continued monitoring will be needed to determine if the recent trend toward higher dissolved nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations continues in the future.\r\n\r\nFor continued monitoring of water-quality trends in the upper Devils Lake Basin, an efficient sampling design consists of five major-ion, nutrient, and trace-element samples per year at three existing stream stations and at three existing lake stations. This sampling design requires the collection of 15 stream samples and 15 lake samples per year rather than 16 stream samples and 20 lake samples per year as in the 1992-2003 program. Thus, the design would result in a program that is less costly and more efficient than the 1992-2003 program but that still would provide the data needed to monitor water-quality trends in the Devils Lake Basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065238","usgsCitation":"Ryberg, K.R., and Vecchia, A.V., 2006, Water-quality trend analysis and sampling design for the Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota, January 1965 through September 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5238, v, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065238.","productDescription":"v, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"69","temporalStart":"1965-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2006_5238.jpg"},{"id":8937,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5238/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Devils Lake Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6981b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryberg, Karen R. 0000-0002-9834-2046 kryberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-2046","contributorId":1172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Karen","email":"kryberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":41810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79422,"text":"pp1725 - 2006 - Statistical characteristics of storm interevent time, depth, and duration for eastern New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T15:20:37","indexId":"pp1725","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1725","title":"Statistical characteristics of storm interevent time, depth, and duration for eastern New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas","docAbstract":"The design of small runoff-control structures, from simple floodwater-detention basins to sophisticated best-management practices, requires the statistical characterization of rainfall as a basis for cost-effective, risk-mitigated, hydrologic engineering design. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation, has developed a framework to estimate storm statistics including storm interevent times, distributions of storm depths, and distributions of storm durations for eastern New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. The analysis is based on hourly rainfall recorded by the National Weather Service. The database contains more than 155 million hourly values from 774 stations in the study area. Seven sets of maps depicting ranges of mean storm interevent time, mean storm depth, and mean storm duration, by county, as well as tables listing each of those statistics, by county, were developed. The mean storm interevent time is used in probabilistic models to assess the frequency distribution of storms. The Poisson distribution is suggested to model the distribution of storm occurrence, and the exponential distribution is suggested to model the distribution of storm interevent times. The four-parameter kappa distribution is judged as an appropriate distribution for modeling the distribution of both storm depth and storm duration. Preference for the kappa distribution is based on interpretation of L-moment diagrams. Parameter estimates for the kappa distributions are provided. Separate dimensionless frequency curves for storm depth and duration are defined for eastern New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. Dimension is restored by multiplying curve ordinates by the mean storm depth or mean storm duration to produce quantile functions of storm depth and duration. Minimum interevent time and location have slight influence on the scale and shape of the dimensionless frequency curves. Ten example problems and solutions to possible applications are provided.\r\n\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1725","isbn":"1411310411","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., Roussel, M.C., Cleveland, T., Fang, X., and Thompson, D.B., 2006, Statistical characteristics of storm interevent time, depth, and duration for eastern New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1725, viii, 299 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1725.","productDescription":"viii, 299 p.","numberOfPages":"307","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1725.PNG"},{"id":8941,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roussel, Meghan C. mroussel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roussel","given":"Meghan","email":"mroussel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleveland, Theodore G.","contributorId":88029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Theodore G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fang, Xing","contributorId":27134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fang","given":"Xing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, David B.","contributorId":79954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79419,"text":"ds215 - 2006 - Bedrock Geologic Map of New Hampshire, a Digital Representation of Lyons and Others 1997 Map and Ancillary Files","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:38","indexId":"ds215","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"215","title":"Bedrock Geologic Map of New Hampshire, a Digital Representation of Lyons and Others 1997 Map and Ancillary Files","docAbstract":"The New Hampshire Geological Survey collects data and performs research on the land, mineral, and water resources of the State, and disseminates the findings of such research to the public through maps, reports, and other publications.\r\n\r\nThe Bedrock Geologic Map of New Hampshire, by John B. Lyons, Wallace A. Bothner, Robert H. Moench, and James B. Thompson, was published in paper format by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1997. The online version of this CD contains digital datasets of the State map that are intended to assist the professional geologist, land-use planners, water resource professionals, and engineers and to inform the interested layperson. In addition to the bedrock geology, the datasets include geopolitical and hydrologic information, such as political boundaries, quadrangle boundaries, hydrologic units, and water-well data. A more thorough explanation for each of these datasets may be found in the accompanying metadata files. \r\n\r\nThe data are spatially referenced and may be used in a geographic information system (GIS). ArcExplorer, the Environmental Systems Research Institute's (ESRI) free GIS data viewer, is available at http://www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer. ArcExplorer provides basic functions that are needed to harness the power and versatility of the spatial datasets. Additional information on the viewer and other ESRI products may be found on the ArcExplorer website.\r\n\r\nAlthough extensive review and revisions of the data have been performed by the USGS and the New Hampshire Geological Survey, these data represent interpretations made by professional geologists using the best available data, and are intended to provide general geologic information. Use of these data at scales larger than 1:250,000 will not provide greater accuracy. The data are not intended to replace site-specific or specific-use investigations. The U.S. Geological Survey, New Hampshire Geological Survey, and State of New Hampshire make no representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding the use, accuracy, or completeness of the data presented herein, or from a map printed from these data; nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The New Hampshire Geological Survey disclaims any legal responsibility or liability for interpretations made from the map, or decisions based thereon. \r\n\r\nFor more information on New Hampshire Geological Survey programs please visit the State's website at http://des.nh.gov/Geology/. New Hampshire Geographically Referenced Analysis and Information Transfer System (NH GRANIT) provides access to statewide GIS (http://www.granit.unh.edu/). Questions about this CD or about other datasets should be directed to the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds215","isbn":"9781411311343","usgsCitation":"Bennett, D.S., Lyons, J.B., Wittkop, C.A., and Dicken, C.L., 2006, Bedrock Geologic Map of New Hampshire, a Digital Representation of Lyons and Others 1997 Map and Ancillary Files: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 215, Available online and on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds215.","productDescription":"Available online and on CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":244,"text":"Eastern Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":13095,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/215/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.56666666666666,42.7 ], [ -72.56666666666666,45.35 ], [ -70.56666666666666,45.35 ], [ -70.56666666666666,42.7 ], [ -72.56666666666666,42.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63dab1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, Derek S.","contributorId":19919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, John B.","contributorId":68801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wittkop, Chad A.","contributorId":98811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wittkop","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dicken, Connie L. 0000-0002-1617-8132 cdicken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-8132","contributorId":57098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dicken","given":"Connie","email":"cdicken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79420,"text":"sir20065144 - 2006 - Assessment of total nitrogen in the upper Connecticut River basin in New Hampshire, Vermont, and Massachusetts, December 2002–September 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-14T19:28:22.992602","indexId":"sir20065144","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5144","title":"Assessment of total nitrogen in the upper Connecticut River basin in New Hampshire, Vermont, and Massachusetts, December 2002–September 2005","docAbstract":"A study of total nitrogen concentrations and loads was conducted from December 2002 to September 2005 at 13 river sites in the upper Connecticut River Basin. Ten sites were selected to represent contributions of nitrogen from forested, agricultural, and urban land. Three sites were distributed spatially on the main stem of the Connecticut River to assess the cumulative total nitrogen loads. To further improve the understanding of the sources and concentrations and loads of total nitrogen in the upper Connecticut River Basin, ambient surface water-quality sampling was supplemented with sampling of effluent from 19 municipal and paper mill wastewater-treatment facilities.
Mean concentrations of total nitrogen ranged from 0.19 to 2.8 milligrams per liter (mg/L) at river sampling sites. Instantaneous mean loads of total nitrogen ranged from 162 to 58,300 pounds per day (lb/d). Estimated mean annual loads of total nitrogen ranged from 49,100 to 21.6 million pounds per year (lb/yr) with about 30 to 55 percent of the loads being transported during the spring. The estimated mean annual yields of total nitrogen ranged from 1,190 to 7,300 pounds per square mile per year (lb/mi2)/yr.
Mean concentrations of total nitrogen ranged from 4.4 to 30 mg/L at wastewater-treatment sampling sites. Instantaneous mean loads of total nitrogen from municipal wastewater-treatment facilities ranged from 36 to 1,780 lb/d. Instantaneous mean loads of total nitrogen from paper mill wastewater-treatment facilities ranged from 96 to 160 lb/d.
The median concentration of total nitrogen was 0.24 mg/L at forested sites, 0.48 mg/L at agricultural sites, 0.54 mg/L at urban sites, 0.48 mg/L at main-stem sites, and 14 mg/L at wastewater-treatment sites. Concentrations of total nitrogen at forested sites were significantly less than at all other site types (p<0.05). Concentrations of total nitrogen at agricultural, urban, and main stem sites were not significantly different among each other (p>0.05) but were significantly greater (p<0.05) than at forested sites and significantly less than concentrations at wastewater-treatment sites (p<0.05). Total nitrogen concentrations at wastewater-treatment sites were significantly different from all other site types (p<0.05).
Annual yields of total nitrogen ranged from 732 to 1,920 (lb/mi2)/yr at forested sites; 1,550 to 2,980 (lb/mi2)/yr at agricultural sites; 1,280 to 1,860 (lb/mi2)/yr at urban sites that were not directly affected by wastewater effluent; 7,090 to 7,770 (lb/mi2)/yr at an urban site directly affected by wastewater effluent; and 1,300 to 2,390 (lb/mi2)/yr at main-stem sites.
In this study, the mean annual load and yield of total nitrogen at the Connecticut River at Wells River, VT, was estimated at 4.47 million lb/yr and 1,690 (lb/mi2)/yr, respectively. The mean annual load and yield of total nitrogen at the Connecticut River at North Walpole, NH, was estimated at 9.60 million lb/yr and 1,750 (lb/mi2)/yr, respectively. The mean annual load and yield of total nitrogen leaving the upper Connecticut River Basin, as estimated at the Connecticut River at Thompsonville, CT, was 21.6 million lb/yr and 2,230 (lb/mi2)/yr, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065144","usgsCitation":"Deacon, J.R., Smith, T.E., Johnston, C.M., Moore, R.B., Blake, L.J., and Weidman, R.M., 2006, Assessment of total nitrogen in the upper Connecticut River basin in New Hampshire, Vermont, and Massachusetts, December 2002–September 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5144, x, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065144.","productDescription":"x, 89 p.","numberOfPages":"99","temporalStart":"2002-12-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":394413,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78678.htm"},{"id":8959,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5144/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"upper Connecticut River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -71,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -71,\n 45.2667\n ],\n [\n -73,\n 45.2667\n ],\n [\n -73,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667ac6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deacon, Jeffrey R. 0000-0001-5793-6940 jrdeacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-6940","contributorId":2786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deacon","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrdeacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Thor E. tesmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":3925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thor","email":"tesmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, Craig M. cmjohnst@usgs.gov","contributorId":1814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Craig","email":"cmjohnst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Richard B. rmoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":1464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Richard","email":"rmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blake, Laura J.","contributorId":71281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weidman, Rebecca M.","contributorId":68421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidman","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":79417,"text":"ofr20061298 - 2006 - Selected Well Data Used in Determining Ground-Water Availability in the North and South Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain Aquifer Systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T09:17:21","indexId":"ofr20061298","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1298","title":"Selected Well Data Used in Determining Ground-Water Availability in the North and South Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain Aquifer Systems","docAbstract":"The data presented in this report are for selected wells in North and South Carolina that are located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system. The data represent a partial inventory of wells in the study area and are to be used to update a regional flow model for North and South Carolina. This inventory includes a total of 813 wells in North Carolina and 461 wells in South Carolina.\r\n\r\nThe well data include well-identification numbers, well locations by latitude and longitude, land-surface elevations, hole depths, well depths, open or screened interval(s), well diameters, depth to water, dates of water-level measurements, and aquifer assignment and transmissivity. 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa7ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrelson, Larry G.","contributorId":70059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrelson","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fine, Jason M. 0000-0002-6386-256X jmfine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6386-256X","contributorId":2238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fine","given":"Jason","email":"jmfine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79414,"text":"ofr20061301 - 2006 - USGS Abandoned Mine Lands Research Presented at the NAAMLP Meeting in Billings, Mont., Sept. 25, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T09:42:17","indexId":"ofr20061301","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1301","title":"USGS Abandoned Mine Lands Research Presented at the NAAMLP Meeting in Billings, Mont., Sept. 25, 2006","docAbstract":"The following talk was an invited presentation given at the National Association of Abandoned Mine Lands Programs meeting in Billings, Montana on Sept. 25, 2006. The objective of the talk was to outline the scope of the U.S. Geological Survey research, past, present and future, in the area of abandoned mine research. Two large Professional Papers have come out of our AML studies:\r\n\r\nNimick, D.A., Church, S.E., and Finger, S.E., eds., 2004, Integrated investigations of environmental effects of historical mining in the Basin and Boulder mining districts, Boulder River watershed, Jefferson County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1652, 524 p., 2 plates, 1 DVD, URL: http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/usgspubs/pp/pp1652 \r\n\r\nChurch, S.E., von Guerard, Paul, and Finger, S.E., eds., 2006, Integrated Investigations of Environmental Effects of Historical Mining in the Animas River Watershed, San Juan County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1651, 1,096 p., 6 plates, 1 DVD (in press). \r\n\r\nAdditional publications and links can be found on the USGS AML website at URL: http://amli.usgs.gov/ or are accessible from the USGS Mineral Resource Program website at URL: http://minerals.usgs.gov/. \r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061301","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K., and Church, S., 2006, USGS Abandoned Mine Lands Research Presented at the NAAMLP Meeting in Billings, Mont., Sept. 25, 2006 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1301, presentation, 15 slides, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061301.","productDescription":"presentation, 15 slides","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-09-25","temporalEnd":"2006-09-25","costCenters":[{"id":102,"text":"Abandoned Mine Lands Initiative","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8926,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1301/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6999c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Kate","contributorId":71276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Church, Stan","contributorId":23237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Stan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79415,"text":"sir20065129 - 2006 - Hydrostratigraphic Framework of the Raton, Vermejo, and Trinidad Aquifers in the Raton Basin, Las Animas County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"sir20065129","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5129","title":"Hydrostratigraphic Framework of the Raton, Vermejo, and Trinidad Aquifers in the Raton Basin, Las Animas County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Exploration for and production of coalbed methane has increased substantially in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States since the 1990s. During 1999-2004, annual production of natural gas (coalbed methane) from the Raton Basin in Las Animas County, Colorado, increased from 28,129,515 to 80,224,130 thousand cubic feet, and the annual volume of ground water coproduced by coalbed methane wells increased from about 949 million gallons to about 2,879 million gallons. Better definition of the hydrostratigraphic framework of the Raton, Vermejo, and Trinidad aquifers in the Raton Basin of southern Colorado is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of coalbed methane development on the availability and sustainability of ground-water resources.\r\n\r\nIn 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board, began a study to evaluate the hydrogeology of the Raton Basin in Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado. Geostatistical methods were used to map the altitude of and depths to the bottoms and tops (structure) and the apparent thicknesses of the Trinidad Sandstone, the Vermejo Formation, and the Raton Formation in Las Animas County, based on completion reports and drillers' logs from about 1,400 coalbed methane wells in the Raton Basin. There was not enough subsurface control to map the structural surfaces and apparent thicknesses of the aquifers in Huerfano County. Geostatistical methods also were used to map the regional water table in the northern part of Las Animas County, based on reported depth to water from completion reports of water-supply wells. Although these maps were developed to better define the hydrostratigraphic framework, they also can be used to determine the contributing aquifer(s) of existing water wells and to estimate drilling depths of proposed water wells. These maps of the hydrostratigraphic framework could be improved with the addition of measured sections and mapping of geologic contacts at outcrops along the eastern and western margins of the Raton Basin.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065129","usgsCitation":"Watts, K.R., 2006, Hydrostratigraphic Framework of the Raton, Vermejo, and Trinidad Aquifers in the Raton Basin, Las Animas County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5129, v, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065129.","productDescription":"v, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8927,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5129/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae7e4b07f02db68bceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, Kenneth R. krwatts@usgs.gov","contributorId":1647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kenneth","email":"krwatts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79413,"text":"ds223 - 2006 - Spatial database of mining-related features in 2001 at selected phosphate mines, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, and Caribou Counties, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ds223","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"223","title":"Spatial database of mining-related features in 2001 at selected phosphate mines, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, and Caribou Counties, Idaho","docAbstract":"This report describes the spatial database, PHOSMINE01, and the processes used to delineate mining-related features (active and inactive/historical) in the core of the southeastern Idaho phosphate resource area. The spatial data have varying degrees of accuracy and attribution detail. Classification of areas by type of mining-related activity at active mines is generally detailed; however, for many of the closed or inactive mines the spatial coverage does not differentiate mining-related surface disturbance features.\r\nNineteen phosphate mine sites are included in the study, three active phosphate mines - Enoch Valley (nearing closure), Rasmussen Ridge, and Smoky Canyon - and 16 inactive (or historical) phosphate mines - Ballard, Champ, Conda, Diamond Gulch, Dry Valley, Gay, Georgetown Canyon, Henry, Home Canyon, Lanes Creek, Maybe Canyon, Mountain Fuel, Trail Canyon, Rattlesnake, Waterloo, and Wooley Valley. Approximately 6,000 hc (15,000 ac), or 60 km2 (23 mi2) of phosphate mining-related surface disturbance are documented in the spatial coverage. Spatial data for the inactive mines is current because no major changes have occurred; however, the spatial data for active mines were derived from digital maps prepared in early 2001 and therefore recent activity is not included. The inactive Gay Mine has the largest total area of disturbance, 1,900 hc (4,700 ac) or about 19 km2 (7.4 mi2). It encompasses over three times the disturbance area of the next largest mine, the Conda Mine with 610 hc (1,500 ac), and it is nearly four times the area of the Smoky Canyon Mine, the largest of the active mines with about 550 hc (1,400 ac).\r\nThe wide range of phosphate mining-related surface disturbance features (141) from various industry maps were reduced to 15 types or features based on a generic classification system used for this study: mine pit; backfilled mine pit; waste rock dump; adit and waste rock dump; ore stockpile; topsoil stockpile; tailings or tailings pond; sediment catchment; facilities; road; railroad; water reservoir; disturbed land, undifferentiated; and undisturbed land. In summary, the spatial coverage includes polygons totaling about 1,100 hc (2,800 ac) of mine pits, 440 hc (1100 ac) of backfilled mine pits, 1,600 hc (3,800 ac) of waste rock dumps, 31 hc (75 ac) of ore stockpiles, and 44 hc (110 ac) of tailings or tailings ponds. Areas of undifferentiated phosphate mining-related land disturbances, called 'disturbed land, undifferentiated,' total about 2,200 hc (5,500 ac) or nearly 22 km2 (8.6 mi2). No determination has been made as to status of reclamation on any of the lands. Subsequent site-specific studies to delineate distinct mine features will allow additional revisions to this spatial database.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds223","usgsCitation":"Moyle, P.R., and Kayser, H.Z., 2006, Spatial database of mining-related features in 2001 at selected phosphate mines, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, and Caribou Counties, Idaho (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 223, 58 p.; oversized sheet, 28 by 38 inches; data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds223.","productDescription":"58 p.; oversized sheet, 28 by 38 inches; data files","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8925,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/223/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6da2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyle, Phillip R.","contributorId":100898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kayser, Helen Z.","contributorId":46173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayser","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79410,"text":"ofr20061275 - 2006 - Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities of the U.S. Geological Survey Montana Water Science Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"ofr20061275","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1275","title":"Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities of the U.S. Geological Survey Montana Water Science Center","docAbstract":"In accordance with guidelines set forth by the Office of Water Quality in the Water Resources Discipline of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), a quality-assurance plan has been created for use by the USGS Montana Water Science Center in conducting water-quality activities. This quality-assurance plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the USGS Montana Water Science Center for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of water-quality data. The policies and procedures presented in this quality-assurance plan for water-quality activities complement the quality-assurance plans for surface-water and ground-water activities and suspended-sediment analysis.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061275","usgsCitation":"Lambing, J.H., 2006, Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities of the U.S. Geological Survey Montana Water Science Center: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1275, viii, 39 p.; 6 figs.; 7 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061275.","productDescription":"viii, 39 p.; 6 figs.; 7 tables","numberOfPages":"47","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8921,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1275/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8ae4b07f02db6514be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambing, John H. (compiler)","contributorId":73290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambing","given":"John","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79408,"text":"sir20065172 - 2006 - Hydrogeologic framework and ground-water Flow in quaternary deposits at the U.S. Army Atterbury Joint Maneuver Training Center near Edinburgh, Indiana, 2002-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T11:05:14","indexId":"sir20065172","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5172","title":"Hydrogeologic framework and ground-water Flow in quaternary deposits at the U.S. Army Atterbury Joint Maneuver Training Center near Edinburgh, Indiana, 2002-2003","docAbstract":"A hydrogeologic framework was developed for unconsolidated Quaternary deposits at the U.S. Army Atterbury Joint Maneuver Training Center. The framework describes the potential for the occurrence of ground water on the basis of physiography and the distribution of geologic materials within the study area. Four geologic units-the Jessup, Trafalgar, Atherton, and Martinsville Formations-were identified, and their distribution was mapped as four hydrogeologic regions. The Jessup and Trafalgar Formations are fine-grained, poorly sorted tills. At least two facies of the Atherton Formation, the lacustrine and outwash facies, are in the study area. The Martinsville Formation includes materials deposited or reworked since the glacial period. With the exception of the Atherton Formation outwash facies, the Quaternary deposits are primarily fine-grained, silt- and clay-rich sediments that function as confining layers or aquitards. The Atherton Formation out-wash facies includes sand and gravel deposits that constitute the primary aquifers in the study area. The four hydrogeologic regions mapped in this investigation are designated as the Bedrock, Jessup Till, Trafalgar Till, and Atherton Outwash Regions. Each region represents an area with a distinctive physiographic expression and vertical sequence of Quaternary deposits. The Bedrock Region in the western and southwestern part of the study area commonly is underlain by 0 to 15 feet of Martinsville Formation resting directly on bedrock. Potential ground-water yields are limited. The Jessup Till Region in the southeastern part of the study area includes the uplands on either side of the stream valleys. Sediments commonly range from 30 to 90 feet in thickness. This region includes clay-rich till of the Jessup Formation and sand and gravel deposits of the Atherton Formation outwash facies; the Atherton Formation outwash facies tends to be thin, and ground-water yields will be moderate. The Trafalgar Till Region in the north and northwest-central part of the study area commonly is underlain by 10 to 30 feet of Trafalgar till or Trafalgar till over 25 to 50 feet of Jessup till. Within, separating, and beneath these tills are deposits of the Atherton Formation outwash facies-the sand and gravel deposits with the best potential to support a water-supply well. Generally, the outwash facies in this region are thin sand and gravel lenses, except in a few locations that are in excess of 30 feet thick. The Atherton Outwash Region is the lowland area associated with the major valleys in all but the far southwestern part of the study area. This region has the greatest thickness of outwash facies sands and gravels (often in excess of 20 feet), which are the primary aquifers. In the Atterbury Joint Maneuver Training Center, the combined Atherton Outwash Region and the Trafalgar Till Region have the greatest potential as infiltration areas because of low topographic relief and(or) sandy soils. From water-level data collected in July and August 2003, horizontal ground-water flow was determined generally to be toward the Atherton Outwash Region and the valley of the Drift-wood River to the east. Vertical hydraulic gradients were documented at nested well pairs. At two sites, upwardly directed gradients are reflected by flowing wells. Ground-water discharge to surface water is likely in some eastern reaches of the valleys of Nineveh and Lick Creeks. In the valley of Nineveh Creek, potential for ground-water discharge is indicated by the presence of a flowing well, upwardly directed vertical hydraulic gradients, and ground-water heads that were higher than surface-water elevations. In the valley of Lick Creek, ground-water discharge also is indicated by the presence of flowing wells and ground-water heads that were higher than surface-water elevations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065172","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Indiana Army National Guard","usgsCitation":"Robinson, B.A., and Risch, M.R., 2006, Hydrogeologic framework and ground-water Flow in quaternary deposits at the U.S. Army Atterbury Joint Maneuver Training Center near Edinburgh, Indiana, 2002-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5172, v, 58 p.; 11 figs.; 5 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065172.","productDescription":"v, 58 p.; 11 figs.; 5 tables","startPage":"1","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065172.GIF"},{"id":8920,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5172/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Camp Atterbury","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.98861694335938,\n 39.39640774949963\n ],\n [\n -86.08406066894531,\n 39.39640774949963\n ],\n [\n -86.16439819335938,\n 39.39587712612034\n ],\n [\n -86.25778198242188,\n 39.35659979720227\n ],\n [\n -86.26258850097655,\n 39.24980258296657\n ],\n [\n -86.2591552734375,\n 39.1987374726247\n ],\n [\n -86.18705749511719,\n 39.19660895352297\n ],\n [\n -86.15135192871094,\n 39.13272339930891\n ],\n [\n -86.06208801269531,\n 39.128462299490046\n ],\n [\n -85.98861694335938,\n 39.13165814852468\n ],\n [\n -85.968017578125,\n 39.138581990583525\n ],\n [\n -85.96939086914062,\n 39.26734763353102\n ],\n [\n -85.97282409667969,\n 39.31623792008409\n ],\n [\n -85.97694396972656,\n 39.38101803294523\n ],\n [\n -85.97557067871094,\n 39.39640774949963\n ],\n [\n -85.98861694335938,\n 39.39640774949963\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628cdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Bret A. barobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":3897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Bret","email":"barobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Risch, Martin R. 0000-0002-7908-7887 mrrisch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-7887","contributorId":2118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risch","given":"Martin","email":"mrrisch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79407,"text":"pp1726 - 2006 - Rates, trends, causes, and consequences of urban land-use change in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T10:54:52","indexId":"pp1726","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1726","title":"Rates, trends, causes, and consequences of urban land-use change in the United States","docAbstract":"Over the past 200 years, changes to the Nation's urban areas have been dramatic. Changes that have occurred relate both to the location of urban centers, as well as to the spatial extent of land dedicated to urban uses. Urban areas at the beginning of the 19th century were located primarily along major rivers or bodies of water, as waterways provided the most efficient means for transporting goods and people. As railroads became prominent, urban areas were able to expand or develop away from the water's edge.
Geographic features such as steep slopes, wetlands, and lack of freshwater impeded settlement. In 1902, the National Reclamation Act was passed and with it came funding for the construction of water storage and transportation systems. This encouraged urban expansion in the arid west. After World War II, the Nation's urban areas continued to expand outward away from the city center as populations migrated to the margins of urban areas, where land was less expensive and the environment was less polluted. In 1956, the Federal Highway Act and the building of Interstate highways further facilitated urban expansion across the Unite States. Rural towns, small industrial centers, and farmland were engulfed by expanding urban centers.
Over the past 200 years, numerous social, cultural, economic, and political incentives have encouraged urban expansion. In the 1800s, the industrial revolution influenced where people lived and worked. Many people shifted from agricultural production in rural areas to factory work in urban centers. Advances in transportation systems, such as rail transport in the 19th and early 20th centuries, followed by the mass production of the automobile and convenient air travel, facilitated a mobile society and a national economy. Economic growth and a population boom after World War II spurred increased suburbanization-the shifting of residential areas to the outlying section of a city or to a separate municipality-on the fringe of urban areas. Other economic and political incentives that shaped the urban environment included Federally backed home loans, credit and tax mechanisms that encouraged new development, and less restrictive municipal ordinances regarding building codes, environmental laws, and zoning regulations.
Throughout the past two centuries land use changes associated with increasing urbanization have had impacts that resonate at local, regional, and even national scales. Landscape changes resulting from urbanization can be mapped and studied over time. Understanding these changes requires a study of the causes of change as related to social, economic, and political influences. Understanding these changes also requires analysis of how urbanization physically spreads across the landscape. The knowledge gained from studying urban land-use change can be helpful when it flows into local, regional, and national decisionmaking that relates to land-use decisions that impact the people, the economy, and the environment. Deriving a correlation between physical change and the explanations of the causes of change can help anticipate and mitigate the impacts of future change.
Throughout the past two centuries changes to the Nation's urban areas are inextricably linked to population changes. The Nation's population started growing slowly along the eastern seaboard during the 17th and 18th centuries, accelerated in the second half of the 19th century, and then continued steadily spreading westward throughout the next hundred years. Currently, nearly 80 percent of the U.S. population resides in urban areas. Land area dedicated to urban use continues to expand, although differently than it has in the past. Most newly urbanized areas are much less densely populated and less intensively developed than they were 50 to 100 years ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1726","isbn":"9781411310469","usgsCitation":"Acevedo, W., Taylor, J., Hester, D.J., Mladinich, C.S., and Glavac, S., 2006, Rates, trends, causes, and consequences of urban land-use change in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1726, iv, 200 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1726.","productDescription":"iv, 200 p.","numberOfPages":"206","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":293,"text":"Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1726.PNG"},{"id":8916,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1726/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295213,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1726/pp1726.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Janis L. 0000-0002-9418-5215","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9418-5215","contributorId":33409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Janis L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":289829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hester, Dave J.","contributorId":54305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hester","given":"Dave","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mladinich, Carol S. csmladinich@usgs.gov","contributorId":594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mladinich","given":"Carol","email":"csmladinich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glavac, Sonya","contributorId":32624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glavac","given":"Sonya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79405,"text":"ds219 - 2006 - Cross-Sectional Data for Selected Reaches of the Chattahoochee River within the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area, Georgia, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T11:17:45","indexId":"ds219","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"219","title":"Cross-Sectional Data for Selected Reaches of the Chattahoochee River within the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area, Georgia, 2004","docAbstract":"This report presents hydrologic data for selected reaches of the Chattahoochee River within the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CRNRA). Data about transect location, width, depth, and velocity of flow for selected reaches of the river are presented in tabular form. The tables contain measurements collected from shoal and run habitats identified as critical sites for the CRNRA. In shoal habitats, measurements were collected while wading using a digital flowmeter and laser range finder. In run habitats, measurements were collected using acoustic Doppler current profiling. Fifty-three transects were established in six reaches throughout the CRNRA; 24 in shoal habitat, 26 in run habitat, and 3 in pool habitat.\r\n\r\nIllustrations in this report contain information about study area location, hydrology, transect locations, and cross-sectional information. A study area location figure is followed by figures identifying locations of transects within each individual reach. Cross-sectional information is presented for each transect, by reach, in a series of graphs.\r\n\r\nThe data presented herein can be used to complete preliminary habitat assessments for the Chattahoochee River within the CRNRA. These preliminary assessments can be used to identify reaches of concern for future impacts associated with continual development in the Metropolitan Atlanta area and potential water allocation agreements between Georgia, Florida, and Alabama.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds219","usgsCitation":"Dalton, M.S., 2006, Cross-Sectional Data for Selected Reaches of the Chattahoochee River within the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area, Georgia, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 219, vi, 121 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds219.","productDescription":"vi, 121 p.","numberOfPages":"127","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-29","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8911,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/219/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Chattahoochee River, Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85,30 ], [ -85,37 ], [ -82,37 ], [ -82,30 ], [ -85,30 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalton, Melinda S. 0000-0002-2929-5573 msdalton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2929-5573","contributorId":267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalton","given":"Melinda","email":"msdalton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}