{"pageNumber":"993","pageRowStart":"24800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":36991,"records":[{"id":11204,"text":"ofr791659 - 1979 - Ancient mines of the Farah Garan area, southwestern Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:36","indexId":"ofr791659","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1659","title":"Ancient mines of the Farah Garan area, southwestern Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Ancient miners, in quest of oxidized copper minerals, gold, silver, and possibly zinc, mined gossans to approximately 20 m depth in an area 1.1 by 0.5 km in extent at Farah Garan. The gossans, derived from sulfides, are ordinarily found at contacts between marble lenses and metavolcanic-metasedimentary rocks, but in the southern part of the mined area, gossans are also within marbles. The gossans are generally lensoidal and discontinuous along strike. The same type of metallization, in similar rocks, was found at the Hemair ancient workings, about 3 km southeast. Both deposits are thought to be of epigenetic origin, and ore deposition was controlled by shearing along marble contacts. Drilling is recommended at Farah Garan. \r\n\r\nAl Ashyab is 4 km south of Farah Garan, and similar rocks and structures extend through both areas but there are no ancient workings at Al Ashyab. The dominant geologic feature in the area is a high, narrow, light-colored ridge consisting of intensely silicified quartz porphyry. Pyritized metavolcanic rocks envelope the silicified rock, and geochemical sampling revealed weakly anomalous, erratically spaced concentrations of copper and zinc within these rocks. No further work is recommended for the area.\r\n\r\nQuartz-filled fractures containing gold were mapped at Al Asharfat, Lejourah, and other locations where ancient miners worked the veins. The gold-bearing quartz veins are narrow and have short strike lengths, and potential tonnages are thought to be small. The veins are in younger, more massive rocks than the enclosing metamorphic rocks and are thought to be younger than the adjacent sulfide deposits. No further work is recommended. \r\n\r\nPyritized zones and associated sparse copper oxides extend intermittently about 6 km south of Hemair in metasedimentary rocks of the Jiddah group. Similar zones, associated quartz vein swarms, and minor magnetite and gold are found in mafic metavolcanic rocks adjacent to the contact with quartz porphyry about 1 km west of Al Asharfat. Further study of these areas is recommended.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr791659","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.W., and Blank, H.R., 1979, Ancient mines of the Farah Garan area, southwestern Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1659, v, 56 p., [5] fold. leaves of plates :maps (2 fold. in pocket) ;28 cm.; (63 p., 7 over-size sheets - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791659.","productDescription":"v, 56 p., [5] fold. leaves of plates :maps (2 fold. in pocket) ;28 cm.; (63 p., 7 over-size sheets - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1659/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38966,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1659/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38967,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1659/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38968,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1659/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, C. W.","contributorId":57457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blank, H. Richard","contributorId":69541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blank","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11233,"text":"ofr79511 - 1979 - Physical and chemical properties of San Francisco Bay waters, 1969-1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T20:31:03.433619","indexId":"ofr79511","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-511","title":"Physical and chemical properties of San Francisco Bay waters, 1969-1976","docAbstract":"

Basic data on the physical and chemical properties of San Francisco Bay are presented here. Samples were collected over the period 1969-1976 at approximately six-week intervals at 36 stations. The stations were located along the axis of the Bay from Calaveras Point in South San Francisco Bay to the town of Rio Vista on the Sacramento River. On most cruises vertical profiles of the water properties were taken at 12 of the 36 stations. The samples were analyzed for the following core parameters: salinity, temperature, light transmission, chlorophyll a fluorescence, dissolved oxygen, orthophosphate, nitrate+nitrite, nitrite, ammonia, and silicate. Other analyses performed on selected samples included: particulate organic carbon, alkalinity, pH, pCO2, and suspended particulate weight. The results of these analyses and the analytical methods used are documented in this report.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79511","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.E., Herndon, R.E., and Harmon, D.D., 1979, Physical and chemical properties of San Francisco Bay waters, 1969-1976: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-511, xxiii, 607 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79511.","productDescription":"xxiii, 607 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408422,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0511/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0511/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.41653442382812,\n 37.41925395973696\n ],\n [\n -121.94412231445314,\n 37.41925395973696\n ],\n [\n -121.94412231445314,\n 37.80978395301097\n ],\n [\n -122.41653442382812,\n 37.80978395301097\n ],\n [\n -122.41653442382812,\n 37.41925395973696\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":40606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herndon, Raynol E.","contributorId":84369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herndon","given":"Raynol","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harmon, Dana D.","contributorId":34929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11002,"text":"ofr791429 - 1979 - A study of uranium favorability of Cenozoic sedimentary rocks, Basin and Range Province, Arizona: Part I. General geology and chronology of pre-late Miocene Cenozoic sedimentary rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-14T20:12:44.361161","indexId":"ofr791429","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1429","title":"A study of uranium favorability of Cenozoic sedimentary rocks, Basin and Range Province, Arizona: Part I. General geology and chronology of pre-late Miocene Cenozoic sedimentary rocks","docAbstract":"This study focuses attention on Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in the Basin and Range Province of Arizona. The known occurrences of uranium and anomalous radioactivity in these rocks are associated with sediments that accumulated in a low energy environment characterized by fine-grained clastics, including important tuffaceous materials, and carbonate rocks. Most uranium occurrences, in these rocks appear to be stratabound. \r\n\r\nEmphasis was placed on those sedimentary materials that pre-date the late Cenozoic Basin and Range disturbance. They are deformed and crop out on pedimented range blocks and along the province interface with the Transition Zone. Three tentative age groups are recognized: Group I - Oligocene, pre-22 m.y., Group II - early Miocene - 22 m.y. - 16 m.y., and Group III - middle Miocene - 16 m.y. to 13--10 m.y. Regionally, these three groups contain both coarse to fine-grained red clastics and low energy lighter colored 'lacustrine' phases. \r\n\r\nEach of the three groups has been the object of uranium exploration. Group II, the early Miocene strata, embraces the Anderson Mine - Artillery region host rocks and also the New River - Cave Creek early Miocene beds-along the boundary with the Transition Zone. \r\n\r\nThese three groups of rocks have been tectonically deformed to the extent that original basins of deposition cannot yet be reconstructed. However, they were considerably more extensive in size than the late Cenozoic basins the origin of which deformed the former.\r\n\r\nGroup II rocks are judged to be of prime interest because of: (1) the development and preservation of organic matter in varying lithologies, (2) apparent contemporaneity with silicic volcanic centers, (3) influence of Precambrian crystalline rocks, and (4) relative outcrop continuity near the stable Transition Zone. The Transition Zone, especially along its boundary with the Basin and Range Province, needs additional geologic investigation, especially as regards the depositional continuity of Group II sediment s.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791429","usgsCitation":"Scarborough, R.B., and Wilt, J.C., 1979, A study of uranium favorability of Cenozoic sedimentary rocks, Basin and Range Province, Arizona: Part I. General geology and chronology of pre-late Miocene Cenozoic sedimentary rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1429, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791429.","productDescription":"101 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":38766,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1429/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1429/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":402171,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11137.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Basin and Range 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No abstract available. 

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III","contributorId":63399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":48458,"text":"ofr791636 - 1979 - Hydraulic data for Coosa River in vicinity of Lay Dam, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:21","indexId":"ofr791636","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1636","title":"Hydraulic data for Coosa River in vicinity of Lay Dam, Alabama","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr791636","usgsCitation":"Nelson, G.H., 1979, Hydraulic data for Coosa River in vicinity of Lay Dam, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1636, v, 65 leaves : ill., maps ; 29 x 48 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791636.","productDescription":"v, 65 leaves : ill., maps ; 29 x 48 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a2c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, G. H. Jr.","contributorId":23562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":48462,"text":"ofr79525 - 1979 - Evaluation of potential yield of water wells in bedrock aquifers, Fairfax County, Virginia-computer composite map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:21","indexId":"ofr79525","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-525","title":"Evaluation of potential yield of water wells in bedrock aquifers, Fairfax County, Virginia-computer composite map","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr79525","usgsCitation":"Johnston, R., and Van Driel, J., 1979, Evaluation of potential yield of water wells in bedrock aquifers, Fairfax County, Virginia-computer composite map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-525, 2 plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79525.","productDescription":"2 plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100111,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0525/plate-1.pdf","size":"17472","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100112,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0525/plate-2.pdf","size":"9403","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fac26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, R.H.","contributorId":19536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Driel, J. N.","contributorId":11703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Driel","given":"J. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10628,"text":"ofr79448 - 1979 - The subsurface geology of the Florida-Hatteras shelf, slope, and inner Blake Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-02T20:24:12.862875","indexId":"ofr79448","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-448","title":"The subsurface geology of the Florida-Hatteras shelf, slope, and inner Blake Plateau","docAbstract":"The structure and stratigraphy of the Florida-Hatteras Slope and inner Blake Plateau was studied by means of 4,780 km of single-channel air gun seismic reflection profiles. Control for the seismic stratigraphy is provided by correlating reflecting units and paleontologically dated stratigraphic units identified in offshore wells and dredge hauls. Many Tertiary unconformities exist, and major regional unconformities at the end of the Oligocene and in the late Paleocene are mapped. Reflecting surfaces believed to represent the tops of the Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Oligocene extend throughout the region. Upper Cretaceous (pre-Maastrichtian) rocks on the southeastern side of the Carolina Platform form a large seaward-facing progradational wedge. The Upper Cretaceous rocks in the Southeast Georgia Embayment, are seismically transparent and on the inner Blake Plateau are cut by numerous small faults, perhaps due to compaction. \r\n\r\nWithin the survey area relatively flat-lying Maastrichtian and Paleocene strata show no evidence that a feature similar to the present Florida-Hatteras Slope existed at the beginning of the Tertiary. Late Paleocene erosion, related to the initiation of the Gulf Stream flow, probably developed this regional unconformity. Eocene and Oligocene sediments landward of the present Gulf Stream form a thick sequence of seaward-dipping progradational beds. A seaward progradational wedge of Miocene to Holocene age covers a regionally traceable unconformity, which separates the Oligocene from the Miocene sediments. Under and seaward of the present Gulf Stream, the Eocene and younger sediment supply was much smaller and the buildup is comparatively insignificant. The difference in accumulation rates in the Eocene and younger sediments, landward and seaward of the Gulf Stream, is responsible for the Florida-Hatteras Slope. Tertiary isopach maps suggest that there is a well developed triangular depocenter under the shelf. The edges of the depocenter correspond with magnetic anomalies and it is suggested that the depocenter is related to differential subsidence during the Tertiary across older crustal structures. The Eocene and Oligocene units contain the aquifer onshore, and the aquifer probably remains in these units offshore. With this assumption the potential aquifer has been identified and traced under the shelf and slope.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79448","usgsCitation":"Paull, C.K., and Dillon, W.P., 1979, The subsurface geology of the Florida-Hatteras shelf, slope, and inner Blake Plateau: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-448, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79448.","productDescription":"94 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406184,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_29112.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":38458,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0448/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0448/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Florida-Hatteras shelf, slope, and inner Blake Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.6064453125,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -75.05859375,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -75.05859375,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -81.6064453125,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -81.6064453125,\n 28.459033019728043\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634ad0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paull, Charles K. 0000-0001-5940-3443","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-3443","contributorId":55825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7043,"text":"University of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":161707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":161706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10996,"text":"ofr791094 - 1979 - Prediction of vertical displacements in a subsiding elastic layer: a model for subsidence in karst terrains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:22","indexId":"ofr791094","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1094","title":"Prediction of vertical displacements in a subsiding elastic layer: a model for subsidence in karst terrains","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr791094","usgsCitation":"Savage, W.Z., 1979, Prediction of vertical displacements in a subsiding elastic layer: a model for subsidence in karst terrains: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1094, iii, 17 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791094.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1094/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38760,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1094/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b07e4b07f02db69ade8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, William Z.","contributorId":107686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10950,"text":"ofr79541 - 1979 - Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt Caldera complex","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10950,"text":"ofr79541 - 1979 - Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt Caldera complex","indexId":"ofr79541","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt Caldera complex"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043070,"text":"70043070 - 1979 - Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt caldera complex","indexId":"70043070","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt caldera complex"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70043070,"text":"70043070 - 1979 - Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt caldera complex","indexId":"70043070","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt caldera complex"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T19:44:03.863526","indexId":"ofr79541","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-541","title":"Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt Caldera complex","docAbstract":"

The McDermitt caldera complex developed over a period of 5 m.y. years during which ash-flow tuff sheets anomalous in mercury, uranium, and thorium were emplaced. The moat portions of the caldera complex were subsequently filled with tuffaceous sediments. Late in the caldera development near-surface intrusives and domes were emplaced along the margins of the complex and mineralized with uranium. Seven large hydrothermal systems developed at this time and formed large areas of alteration within the caldera-fill volcanics and sediments. Five of the altered zones are associated with economic concentrations of uranium, and or mercury.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79541","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., Conrad, W., and Glanzman, R.K., 1979, Uranium, thorium, and mercury distribution through the evolution of the McDermitt Caldera complex: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-541, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79541.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":425391,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0541/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0541/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"McDermitt Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.20190429687501,\n 41.64726212881368\n ],\n [\n -117.81463623046875,\n 41.64726212881368\n ],\n [\n -117.81463623046875,\n 42.09210825254959\n ],\n [\n -118.20190429687501,\n 42.09210825254959\n ],\n [\n -118.20190429687501,\n 41.64726212881368\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60538f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":162255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conrad, W.K.","contributorId":16415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glanzman, Richard K.","contributorId":19550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glanzman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11264,"text":"ofr79749 - 1979 - Reconnaissance of potential for potable ground-water supply at Kipahulu District, Haleakala National Park, Maui, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T15:25:27.361976","indexId":"ofr79749","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-749","title":"Reconnaissance of potential for potable ground-water supply at Kipahulu District, Haleakala National Park, Maui, Hawaii","docAbstract":"

Kipahulu Valley drains an area of 12.7 square miles on the southeast side of the island of Maui, Hawaii. The aquifer underlying the lower reaches of the valley comprises recent lava flows. Fresh groundwater occurs in the aquifer as a thin basal lens, which discharges as diffuse seeps along the shore. Measured basal-water heads were 1.3 and 2.4 feet at respective distances of 600 and 3,500 feet from the shore. Chemical analyses of groundwater samples indicate that the water is potable. Wells to develop the basal water should be located at least 1,000 feet from shore. Well penetration should be limited to the upper half of the basal lens, and drawdown caused by pumping should not be greater than half of the head above sea level in order to avoid the risk of contamination by underlying saline water. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79749","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Soroos, R.L., 1979, Reconnaissance of potential for potable ground-water supply at Kipahulu District, Haleakala National Park, Maui, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-749, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79749.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403620,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0749/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0749/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Haleakala National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.25717163085938,\n 20.580081709180345\n ],\n [\n -156.01547241210938,\n 20.580081709180345\n ],\n [\n -156.01547241210938,\n 20.78693059257028\n ],\n [\n -156.25717163085938,\n 20.78693059257028\n ],\n [\n -156.25717163085938,\n 20.580081709180345\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db68606b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soroos, Ronald L.","contributorId":97909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soroos","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21352,"text":"ofr79998 - 1979 - Major and trace element data with partition coefficients for lava flows from the San Francisco volcanic field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-03T16:47:13.599564","indexId":"ofr79998","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-998","title":"Major and trace element data with partition coefficients for lava flows from the San Francisco volcanic field","docAbstract":"

Major and trace element data from San Francisco Mountain (a stratovolcano), as well as major element data from representative flows of the surrounding volcanic field (figure 1), are presented in this report. Also included are conventional and normalized partition coefficients for trace elements in each of the coexisting mineral phases and mesostasis from San Francisco Mountain lavas.

The San Francisco Mountain lavas are from the upper portion of the southeast slope of Humphreys Peak which is composed of three petrographically distinct types: (1) a lower series of hornblende pyroxene andesites, (2) a middle group of hypersthene dacites, and (3) an upper series of olivine andesites. The sequence of volcanic flows was measured and analyzed for the major elements and fifteen trace elements Sc, V, Cr, Cq Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, and Yb) in each of the coexisting mineral phases, groundmass and bulk rock. The constituent mineral phases (not all are present in every sample) are plagioclase, hypersthene, augite, hornblende, olivine, magnetite, and ilmenite/hematite.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79998","usgsCitation":"Wenrich-Verbeek, K.J., 1979, Major and trace element data with partition coefficients for lava flows from the San Francisco volcanic field: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-998, i, 268 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79998.","productDescription":"i, 268 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":429456,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0998/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155424,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0998/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Flagstaff","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.09250118529651,\n 35.65327827769994\n ],\n [\n -112.09250118529651,\n 35.18141167467013\n ],\n [\n -111.29298982513484,\n 35.18141167467013\n ],\n [\n -111.29298982513484,\n 35.65327827769994\n ],\n [\n -112.09250118529651,\n 35.65327827769994\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64973d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenrich-Verbeek, Karen J.","contributorId":101662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenrich-Verbeek","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10935,"text":"ofr791674 - 1979 - A note on the simple Bouguer gravity field in the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:21","indexId":"ofr791674","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1674","title":"A note on the simple Bouguer gravity field in the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr791674","usgsCitation":"Ruppel, B.D., 1979, A note on the simple Bouguer gravity field in the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1674, 9 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791674.","productDescription":"9 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1674/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38701,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1674/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ab946","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppel, Byron D.","contributorId":64254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Byron","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10931,"text":"ofr79544 - 1979 - Geologic evaluation of major Landsat lineaments in Nevada and their relationship to ore districts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:21","indexId":"ofr79544","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-544","title":"Geologic evaluation of major Landsat lineaments in Nevada and their relationship to ore districts","docAbstract":"Analysis of diverse geologic, geophysical, and geochemical data shows that eight major lineament systems delineated in Landsat images of Nevada are morphological and tonal expressions of substantially broader structural zones. Southern Nevada is dominated by the 175 km-wide northwest-trending Walker Lane, a 150 km-wide zone of east-trending lineament systems consisting of the Pancake Range, Warm Springs, and Timpahute lineament systems, and a 125 km-wide belt of northeast-trending faults termed the Pahranagat lineament system. \r\n\r\nNorthern Nevada is dominated by the northeast-trending 75-200km wide Midas Trench lineament system, which is marked by northeasterly-oriented faults, broad gravity anomalies, and the Battle Mountain heat flow high; this feature appears to extend into central Montana. The Midas Trench system is transected by the Northern Nevada Rift, a relatively narrow zone of north-northwest-trending basaltic dikes that give rise to a series of prominent aeromagnetic highs. The northwest-trending Rye Patch lineament system, situated at the northeast boundary of the Walker Lane, also intersects the Midas Trench system and is characterized by stratigraphic discontinuities and alignment of aeromagnetic anomalies. Field relationships indicate that all the lineament systems except for the Northern Nevada Rift are conjugate shears formed since mid-Miocene time during extension of the Great Basin. Metallization associated with volcanism was widespread along these systems during the 17-6 m.y. period. However, these zones appear to have been established prior to this period, probably as early as Precambr-an time. These lineament systems are interpreted to be old, fundamental, structural zones that have been reactivated episodically as stress conditions !changed in the western United States. Many metal districts are localized within these zones as magma rose along the pre-existing conduits.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79544","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L.C., and Wetlaufer, P.H., 1979, Geologic evaluation of major Landsat lineaments in Nevada and their relationship to ore districts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-544, iii, 87 p. :ill., maps (1 col., 1 fold.) ;40 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79544.","productDescription":"iii, 87 p. :ill., maps (1 col., 1 fold.) ;40 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0544/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38697,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0544/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38698,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0544/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abad5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":58629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wetlaufer, Pamela Heald","contributorId":35317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetlaufer","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"Heald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":17757,"text":"ofr791279 - 1979 - A supplement to \"Methods for collection and analysis of aquatic biological and microbiological samples\" (U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 5, Chapter A4)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T11:25:07","indexId":"ofr791279","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1279","title":"A supplement to \"Methods for collection and analysis of aquatic biological and microbiological samples\" (U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 5, Chapter A4)","docAbstract":"

The manual contains methods used by the U.S. Geological Survey to collect, preserve, and analyze waters to determine their biological and microbiological properties. It supplements ' Methods for Collection and Analysis of Aquatic Biological and Microbiological Samples ' (TWRI, Book 5, Chapter A4, 1977, edited by P. E. Greeson, T. A. Ehlke, G. A. Irwin, B. W. Lium, and K. V. Slack). Included are 5 new methods, a new section of selected taxonomic references for Ostracoda, and 6 revised methods.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr791279","usgsCitation":"1979, A supplement to \"Methods for collection and analysis of aquatic biological and microbiological samples\" (U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 5, Chapter A4): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1279, iv, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791279.","productDescription":"iv, 92 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":95410,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1279/report.pdf","size":"5243","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1279/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5ed8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Greeson, Phillip E.","contributorId":25556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeson","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628949,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10930,"text":"ofr78736 - 1979 - Evaluation of Landsat multispectral scanner images for mapping altered rocks in the East Tintic Mountains, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-29T19:40:28.8665","indexId":"ofr78736","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-736","title":"Evaluation of Landsat multispectral scanner images for mapping altered rocks in the East Tintic Mountains, Utah","docAbstract":"

The East Tintic Mountains, Utah consist of folded and faulted Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, which are partly covered by Tertiary volcanic rocks. Clastic rocks dominate the lower one-third of the Paleozoic section, whereas carbonate rocks with subordinate amounts of shale and elastic rocks predominate in the remainder. Some of the rocks, especially the Tintic Quartzite and some shales, are commonly limonitic, an important factor in analysis of Landsat MSS images. The volcanic rocks, mainly tuffs, flows, and agglomerates of quartz latitic and latitic composition, are limonitic in a few places where hematite is present in the groundmass.

Emplacement of monzonite and biotite monzonite porphyry bodies resulted in several types of altered rocks. Most widespread are argillized and silicified rocks, which are commonly bleached and limonitic. Locally, the intrusive rocks arc also altered. Hydrothermal dolomite is common in the northern part of the area, and in the East Tintic mining district, calcitic, chloritic, and weakly argillized volcanic rocks and pebble dikes are widespread. Volcanic rocks subjected to an early phase of \"intravolcanic weathering\" in this district are weakly altered but commonly limonitic. Barren as well as mineralized veins are present throughout the study area.

In situ spectral reflectance curves representing the most abundant altered and unaltered rocks show that the argillized and silicified rocks generally have intense ferric-iron and hydroxyl absorption bands owing to the presence of iron-oxide and hydroxyl-bearing phases, respectively. These features are generally absent in the unaltered rocks, except the limonitic rocks, which have prominent iron absorption hands. Both spectral features are weakly expressed in the volcanic rocks subjected to accelerated weathering, On the other hand, hydrothermal dolomite and calcitic volcanic rocks generally lack both features, and thus are spectrally similar to the unaltered rocks. Chloritic rocks are of limited distribution and have not been measured spectrally.

Most of the silicified and argillized areas are apparent in Skylab S190B, high altitude-, and low altitude color aerial photographs because of the high albedo of these rocks. However, many unaltered rocks have similar albedos and therefore are not distinguishable from the altered rocks. Moreover, very little color information is available in these photographs. These problems are further complicated by brightness variations related to topographic slope.

MSS ratio images were generated to subdue the effects of topographic slope and albedo, and combined into several color composite images for displaying the spectral reflectance differences between the most widespread altered and unaltered rocks. The most effective combination proved to be MSS 4/5, MSS 4/6, and MSS 6/7 using blue, yellow and magenta diazo films, respectively, rather than the MSS 4/5, MSS 5/6, and MSS 6/7 combination used so successfully in south-central Nevada. Consideration of schematic frequency distributions of ratio values for these two areas suggests that the lack of enhancement of limonitic rocks in MSS 5/6 images of the present study area is due to the higher frequency of low ratios representing vegetation.

Comparison of a limonitic bedrock map produced by scanning the optimum color-ratio composite image with a map of the silicified rocks shows good agreement, except where they are obscured by vegetation. Measurements of vegetation density indicate that shrub cover and. juniper, pinyon, and sage cover greater than 40-50 and 33-43 percent, respectively, obscure limonitic rocks in these images. Argillized rocks, the most widely distributed altered rock type, were consistently detected in exposed areas. On the other hand, hydrothermal dolomite and calcitic and chloritic volcanic rocks are not portrayed in the limonitic bedrock map because of their general lack of limonite. Some altered rocks, especially veins and pebble dikes, are too small to be detected by the MSS except where they are closely spaced and well exposed.

Another important limitation is that exposures of unaltered limonitic sedimentary and volcanic rocks are included in the limonitic bedrock map. Analysis of in situ spectral reflectance measurements indicates that this limitation can be largely overcome by obtaining radiance information in the 2.2 and 1.6 μm regions.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78736","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L.C., and Abrams, M.J., 1979, Evaluation of Landsat multispectral scanner images for mapping altered rocks in the East Tintic Mountains, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-736, iii, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78736.","productDescription":"iii, 73 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142397,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0736/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":425090,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0736/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"East Tintic Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.24469940984451,\n 40.09365387006196\n ],\n [\n -112.24469940984451,\n 39.96382253126157\n ],\n [\n -112.08479459294077,\n 39.96382253126157\n ],\n [\n -112.08479459294077,\n 40.09365387006196\n ],\n [\n -112.24469940984451,\n 40.09365387006196\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faffc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":58629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abrams, Michael J.","contributorId":15192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10902,"text":"ofr79995 - 1979 - Stratigraphy and sedimentation of the Torok, Kukpowruk, and Corwin formations of Cretaceous age in the Kokolik-Utukok River region, National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:26","indexId":"ofr79995","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-995","title":"Stratigraphy and sedimentation of the Torok, Kukpowruk, and Corwin formations of Cretaceous age in the Kokolik-Utukok River region, National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79995","usgsCitation":"Roehler, H.W., and Stricker, G.D., 1979, Stratigraphy and sedimentation of the Torok, Kukpowruk, and Corwin formations of Cretaceous age in the Kokolik-Utukok River region, National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-995, 84 p., 2 over-size sheets :ill., maps (some fold.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79995.","productDescription":"84 p., 2 over-size sheets :ill., maps (some fold.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108018,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11448.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"11448"},{"id":143290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0995/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38674,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0995/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38675,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0995/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38676,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0995/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8aec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roehler, Henry W.","contributorId":48529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roehler","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stricker, G. D.","contributorId":38977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13163,"text":"ofr791516 - 1979 - Mineral map of the Bopolu Quadrangle, Liberia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:48","indexId":"ofr791516","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1516","title":"Mineral map of the Bopolu Quadrangle, Liberia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr791516","usgsCitation":"Coonrad, W.L., 1979, Mineral map of the Bopolu Quadrangle, Liberia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1516, i, 27 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:250,000 ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791516.","productDescription":"i, 27 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:250,000 ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1516/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41561,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1516/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41560,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1516/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635b82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coonrad, W. L.","contributorId":69946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coonrad","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10671,"text":"ofr79281 - 1979 - Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10671,"text":"ofr79281 - 1979 - Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona","indexId":"ofr79281","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6307,"text":"pp1035B - 1979 - Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona","indexId":"pp1035B","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":6307,"text":"pp1035B - 1979 - Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona","indexId":"pp1035B","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-11T18:04:29.256118","indexId":"ofr79281","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-281","title":"Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79281","usgsCitation":"Peterson, F., and Pipiringos, G., 1979, Stratigraphic relations of the Navajo Sandstone to Middle Jurassic formations, southern Utah and northern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-281, iv, 143 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79281.","productDescription":"iv, 143 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143485,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0281/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":497344,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0281/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.1569003387927,\n 42.19240723701009\n ],\n [\n -120.10749572008328,\n 38.838079005221346\n ],\n [\n -114.92237135508793,\n 34.88069804889223\n ],\n [\n -114.98297993586107,\n 31.350750228533002\n ],\n [\n -108.86155573128843,\n 31.164630024551755\n ],\n [\n -108.78553410798668,\n 37.13467902221349\n ],\n [\n -113.85445865369462,\n 37.17625160026044\n ],\n [\n -113.88260270021135,\n 42.186786176024185\n ],\n [\n -120.1569003387927,\n 42.19240723701009\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae706","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Fred fpeterson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Fred","email":"fpeterson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":161774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pipiringos, G. N.","contributorId":11210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pipiringos","given":"G. 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Pumping-test data show that the fracture system is interconnected to distances more than 1,000 feet from the wells. Recharge occurs through overlying clayey till, and continuous pumping may induce recharge from surface-water sources. Chemical analyses indicate no water-quality problems. Systematic collection of data on pumpage , water level, and chemical quality could help to determine the long-term adequacy of the aquifer system. 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No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791336I","usgsCitation":"Lepkin, W., DeLapp, M., Kirby, W., and Wilson, T., 1979, WATSTORE User's Guide, National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System, Vol. 4, Chapter 1, Instructions for peak flow file: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1336, 210 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791336I.","productDescription":"210 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498543,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1336-i/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":170147,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1336-i/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd578","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lepkin, W.D.","contributorId":39036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lepkin","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeLapp, M.M.","contributorId":84831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLapp","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, W.H.","contributorId":65468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, T.A.","contributorId":23960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}