'Geological Survey Research 1975 ' is the 16th annual synopsis of the results of U.S. Geological Survey investigations. These studies are largely directed toward the development of knowledge that will assist the Nation to use and conserve the land and its physical resources wisely. They are wide ranging in scope and deal with almost every facet of solid-earth science and fact finding. Many of the studies are continuations of investigations that have been in progress for several years. But others reflect the increased attention being given to problems that have assumed greater importance in recent years--problems relating to mineral fuels and mineral resources, water quality, environmental impact of mineral resources, land-use analysis, earthquake hazards reduction, subsidence, and the applications of LANDSAT data, to cite a few examples.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp975","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1975, Geological Survey research, 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 975, ix, 373 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp975.","productDescription":"ix, 373 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":421284,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92957.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":53971,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0975/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0975/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68640d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70112318,"text":"70112318 - 1975 - College and university sources of remote sensing information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:17:26","indexId":"70112318","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T14:44:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"College and university sources of remote sensing information","docAbstract":"Research in remote-sensing applications has increased dramatically since the launch of the Earth Resources Technology Satellite-l (ERTS-l, renamed LANDSAT-I) and Skylab's Earth Resources Experiment Package (EREP). It is becoming increasingly more difficult to keep abreast of university research publications related to remote sensing. To assist researchers in locating those universities that are actively publishing research material in remote-sensing technology and applications, this paper lists major colleges by types of publications generated and by application oriented disciplines pursued, and includes a geographical index.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Bidwell, T.C., 1975, College and university sources of remote sensing information: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 41, no. 10, p. 1273-1284.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1273","endPage":"1284","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288531,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/Photogrammetric-Engineering-and-Remote-Sensing/PE-RS-Archive-Search-2009-and-earlier.html"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acbeae4b0e83db6d08ece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bidwell, Timothy C.","contributorId":103183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidwell","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159283,"text":"70159283 - 1975 - Author index to published ERTS-1 reports","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T16:00:49.224781","indexId":"70159283","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Author index to published ERTS-1 reports","docAbstract":"This index has been compiled to assist the reader in locating and obtaining reports on the 334 scientific experiments conducted under the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Resources Technology Satellite-1 (ERTS-1) (renamed Landsat) program. Each NASA-designated experimenter was required to submit written reports on his investigation: these were designated type 1, type 2, and type 3 reports. Type 1 reports were periodic (monthly or bimonthly) progress summaries; type 2 were comprehensive scientific and technical reports; and type 3 were final report. Investigators were also encourage to present their more significant findings in professional or technical journals and proceedings of symposia.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce","usgsCitation":"Bidwell, T.C., and Mitchell, C.A., 1975, Author index to published ERTS-1 reports, 86 p.","productDescription":"86 p.","numberOfPages":"92","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310148,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159283.jpg"},{"id":311212,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159283/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562765afe4b0d158f5926520","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bidwell, Timothy C.","contributorId":103183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidwell","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Cheryl A.","contributorId":149322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70236458,"text":"70236458 - 1975 - Photo-optical contrast stretching of Landsat data for multidisciplinary analyses of the Lake Ontario basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T14:11:28.882238","indexId":"70236458","displayToPublicDate":"1975-12-31T09:04:30","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Photo-optical contrast stretching of Landsat data for multidisciplinary analyses of the Lake Ontario basin","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Third Canadian symposium on remote sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute","usgsCitation":"Falconer, A., Deutsch, M., Myers, L.C., and Anderson, R., 1975, Photo-optical contrast stretching of Landsat data for multidisciplinary analyses of the Lake Ontario basin, in Third Canadian symposium on remote sensing, p. 173-193.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"193","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 43.29320031385282\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 43.29320031385282\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 43.29320031385282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Falconer, A.","contributorId":192747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falconer","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deutsch, Morris","contributorId":69119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deutsch","given":"Morris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Myers, Lynne C.","contributorId":296270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Lynne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Robert","contributorId":72037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70231227,"text":"70231227 - 1975 - Evaluation of LANDSAT-2 (ERTS) images applied to geologic structures and mineral resources of South America: Type II progress report for period March 14, 1975-June 30, 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T16:32:52.624695","indexId":"70231227","displayToPublicDate":"1975-07-01T11:22:56","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Evaluation of LANDSAT-2 (ERTS) images applied to geologic structures and mineral resources of South America: Type II progress report for period March 14, 1975-June 30, 1975","docAbstract":"The author has identified the following significant results. Work with the Image 100 clearly demonstrates that radiance values of LANDSAT data can be used for correlation of geologic formations across international boundaries. The Totora Formation of the Corocoro Group of Tertiary age was traced from known outcrops near Tiahuanaco, Bolivia, along the south side of Lake Titicaca westward into Peru where the same rocks are considered to be Cretaceous in age. This inconsistency suggests: (1) that a review of this formation is needed by joint geological surveys of both countries to determine similarities, differences, and the true age; (2) that recognition of the extension of the copper-bearing Totora Formation of Bolivia into Peru may provide Peru with a new target for exploration. Equal radiance maps made by use of the Image 100 system show as many as eight different units within salar deposits (salt flats) of the Bolivian Altiplano. Standard film processed images show them as nearly uniform areas of white because of lack of dynamic range in film products. The Image 100 system, therefore, appears to be of great assistance in subdividing the salt flats on the basis of moisture distribution, surface roughness, and distribution of windblown materials. Field work is needed to determine these relationships to mineral composition and distribution. Images representing seasonal changes should also improve the accuracy of such maps. Radiance values of alteration zones related to the occurrence of porphyry copper ores were measured at the San Juan del Abra deposit of northern Chile using the Image 100 system. The extent to which these same values may be used to detect similar alteration zones in other areas has not yet been tested.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Carter, W.D., 1975, Evaluation of LANDSAT-2 (ERTS) images applied to geologic structures and mineral resources of South America: Type II progress report for period March 14, 1975-June 30, 1975, 45 p.","productDescription":"45 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400070,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400067,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19760013509/downloads/19760013509.pdf","size":"4,439 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Bolivia, Chile, Peru","otherGeospatial":"Bolivian Altiplano, Lake 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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"First comprehensive symposium on the practical application of earth resources survey data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"NASA Earth Resources Survey Symposium","conferenceDate":"June 9-12, 1975","conferenceLocation":"Houston, Texas, United States","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Watkins, A.H., 1975, Data availability and the role of the Earth Resources Observation Systems Data Center, in First comprehensive symposium on the practical application of earth resources survey data, v. 2-B, Houston, Texas, United States, June 9-12, 1975, p. 372-378.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"372","endPage":"378","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400060,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19760019581"}],"volume":"2-B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watkins, Allen H.","contributorId":10721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watkins","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231222,"text":"70231222 - 1975 - Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T15:25:58.711294","indexId":"70231222","displayToPublicDate":"1975-06-01T09:17:35","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland","docAbstract":"A network of sampling sites throughout the annual grassland region of California was established to correlate plant growth stages and forage production to climatic and other environmental factors. Plant growth and range conditions were further related to geographic location and seasonal variations. A sequence of LANDSAT data was obtained covering critical periods in the growth cycle. This was analyzed by both photointerpretation and computer aided techniques. Image characteristics and spectral reflectance data were then related to forage production, range condition, range site and changing growth conditions. It was determined that repeat sequences with LANDSAT color composite images do provide a means for monitoring changes in range condition. Spectral radiance data obtained from magnetic tape can be used to determine quantitatively the critical stages in the forage growth cycle. A computer ratioing technique provided a sensitive indicator of changes in growth stages and an indication of the relative differences in forage production between range sites.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"First comprehensive symposium on the practical application of Earth resources survey data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"NASA Earth Resources Survey Symposium","conferenceDate":"June 9-12, 1975","conferenceLocation":"Houston, Texas, United States","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Carneggie, D., Degloria, S.D., and Colwell, R.N., 1975, Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland, in First comprehensive symposium on the practical application of Earth resources survey data, v. 1-A, Houston, Texas, United States, June 9-12, 1975, p. 19-41.","productDescription":"A-3, 23 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19760010384/downloads/19760010384.pdf","size":"8,119 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coast Range, Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.75024414062499,\n 38.048091067457236\n ],\n [\n -122.398681640625,\n 37.07271048132943\n ],\n [\n -119.81689453125,\n 37.57070524233116\n ],\n [\n -120.1904296875,\n 37.91820111976663\n ],\n [\n -120.267333984375,\n 38.762650338334154\n ],\n [\n -121.607666015625,\n 40.12009038025332\n ],\n [\n -121.47583007812501,\n 40.588928169693745\n ],\n [\n -121.78344726562499,\n 40.95501133048621\n ],\n [\n -122.34374999999999,\n 41.02964338716638\n ],\n [\n -123.15673828124999,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -122.78320312499999,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -122.75024414062499,\n 39.29179704377487\n ],\n [\n -122.44262695312501,\n 38.89103282648846\n ],\n [\n -122.75024414062499,\n 38.048091067457236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1-A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carneggie, D. 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The primary functions of the Center are data storage and reproduction, and user assistance and training. This publication describes the Data Center operations, data products, services, and procedures for ordering remotely sensed data. The EROS Data Center and its principal facility, the 120,000-square-foot (11,200 m2) Karl E. Mundt Federal Building, were dedicated August 7, 1973.","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/70039207","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1975, The EROS Data Center: General Information Product, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039207.","productDescription":"28 p.","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261380,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039207/report.pdf"},{"id":261381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039207/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba70ee4b08c986b321342","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15462,"text":"ofr75249 - 1975 - Dynamics of turbidity plumes in Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-07T21:08:10.580039","indexId":"ofr75249","displayToPublicDate":"1975-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"75-249","title":"Dynamics of turbidity plumes in Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"Large-turbidity features along the 275-kilometre long south shore of Lake Ontario were analyzed using LANDSAT-1 images. The ESIAC system developed by the Stanford Research Institute, was used to obtain enlargements and false-color renditions of turbidity plumes. After projection on a video screen, individual turbidity features were analyzed, mapped, and photographed.
The Niagara River plume, as much as 500 square kilometres in area, is by far, the largest turbidity feature in the lake. Based on image tonal comparisons, turbidity in the Welland Canal is usually higher than that in any other watercourse discharging into the lake throughout the shipping season. Somewhat less turbid water enters the lake from the Port Dalhousie diversion channel and the Genesee River. Relatively clear water resulting from the deposition of suspended matter in numerous upstream lakes is discharged by the Niagara and Oswego rivers.
Plume analysis corroborates the presence of a prevailing eastward flowing longshore current along the entire south shore. This current is most persistent at the Oswego River outlet but is quite variable in the Rochester embayment, where rapid shifts in water movement were occasionally detected in LANDSAT images. The position of the spring thermal bar, a zone, of maximum density water corresponding to the 4°C isotherm, was approximately located in images obtained during April 1973. Although eastward moving currents were detected on the inshore side of the thermal bar, westward moving counter currents seem to be dominant along its offshore side.
Plumes generated by beach erosion were readily detected in the images. Such areas are identified by light to very light, long, narrow plumes paralleling the coastline. Extensive areas of the south shore are subject to erosion, but the most severely affected beaches are situated between Fifty Mile Pt., Ontario and Thirty Mile Pt., N.Y., along the Rochester embayment, and between Sodus Bay and Nine Mile Pt.
Color illustrations of figure accession numbers EDC-010077 to EDC-010106 are available for purchase from the EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57198.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr75249","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Aeronautics Space Administration/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland","usgsCitation":"Pluhowski, E.J., 1975, Dynamics of turbidity plumes in Lake Ontario: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-249, Report: ix, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr75249.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 59 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149041,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1975/0249/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":462666,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1975/0249/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.99172224212556,\n 45.15721980352575\n ],\n [\n -80.99172224212556,\n 42.37218583599275\n ],\n [\n -74.39757490950474,\n 42.37218583599275\n ],\n [\n -74.39757490950474,\n 45.15721980352575\n ],\n [\n -80.99172224212556,\n 45.15721980352575\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a59e4b07f02db62f706","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pluhowski, Edward J.","contributorId":87911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pluhowski","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}