Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Russell C. Evarts
Originator: Philip Dinterman (database
editor)
Originator: Jessica Block (database
editor)
Publication_Date: 2004
Title: Geologic Map of the Woodland
Quadrangle, Clark and Cowlitz Counties, Washington
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:
vector digital data
Online_Linkage:
<http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2827
Description:
Abstract: This digital map database,
compiled from previously published and unpublished data, and new mapping by the
authors, represents the general distribution of bedrock and surficial deposits
of the Woodland 7.5-minute quadrangle.
The database delineates map units that are identified by general age and
lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological
Survey. The scale of the source maps limits the spatial resolution (scale) of
the database to 1:24,000 or smaller.
Purpose: This database and accompanying
plot files depict the distribution of geologic materials and structures at a
regional (1:24,000) scale. The report is intended to provide geologic
information for the regional study of materials properties, earthquake shaking,
landslide potential, mineral hazards, seismic velocity, and earthquake faults.
In addition, the report contains new information and interpretations about the
regional geologic history and framework. However, the regional scale of this
report does not provide sufficient detail for site development purposes.
Supplemental Information: DIGITAL
COMPILATION-Several different feature classes were generated within a
geodatabase during the construction of the Woodland quadrangle geologic map.
The topographic base map remains as a digital raster graphic (DRG) and is
overlain on the geology feature class in ArcMap at a 60% transparency level.
Some custom menus were used to project, transform, edit, tag, and build points
in the map. A digital layout or map collar was made with Adobe Illustrator. The
map was exported from the layout view in ArcMap as an Adobe Illustrator file
and added to a single Adobe Illustrator file that also contained the
description of map units, correlation of map units, cross sections, and an
index map. Differences between the maps as they appear in the final map sheet
and as they appear in the either the .mxd or .pmf files represent changes made
in the Adobe Illustrator file to the symbology only and do not reflect any
changes in the actual source data. The map is in UTM projection, zone 10,
meters, and 1:24,000 scale. The explanatory pamphlet was saved to PDF from
Microsoft Word.
BASE
MAP-The base map for the digital compilation is a Digital Raster Graphic (DRG)
of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1:24,000-scale topographic map of the Woodland
7.5' quadrangle (1990), which has a 20-foot contour interval. The image inside
the map neatline is georeferenced to the Universal Transverse Mercator
projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the
accuracy and datum of the source map. These base map/geology layers are digital
images but no information other than location is attached to the lines. The
base/geology maps are provided for reference only.
SPATIAL
RESOLUTION-Uses of this digital geologic map should not violate the spatial
resolution of the data. Although the digital form of the data removes the
constraint imposed by the scale of a paper map, the detail and accuracy
inherent in map scale are also present in the digital data. The fact that this
database was edited at a scale of 1:24,000 means that higher resolution
information is not present in the dataset. Plotting at scales larger than
1:24,000 will not yield greater real detail, although it may reveal fine-scale
irregularities below the intended resolution of the database. Similarly, where
this database is used in combination with other data of higher resoluti on, the
resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lower resolution of
these data.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2004
Currentness_Reference: Publication Date
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As
needed
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.750561
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.624156
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.000343
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 45.874660
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Theme_Keyword: geology
Theme_Keyword:
bedrock geology
Theme_Keyword: surficial geology
Theme_Keyword: geologic history
Theme_Keyword:
geologic structures
Theme_Keyword:
fault offset
Theme_Keyword:
Woodland
Theme_Keyword:
Pacific Northwest
Theme_Keyword:
Washington
Theme_Keyword:
Cowlitz County
Theme_Keyword:
Clark County
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints: Uses of this digital
geologic map should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Although
the digital form of the data removes the constraint imposed by the scale of a
paper map, the detail and accuracy inherent in map scale are also present in
the digital data. The fact that this database was edited for a scale of
1:24,000 means that higher resolution information is not present in the dataset.
Plotting at scales larger than 1:24,000 will not yield greater real detail,
although it may reveal fine-scale irregularities below the intended resolution
of the database. Similarly, where this database is used in combination with
other data of higher resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be
limited by the lower resolution of these data.
Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft
Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.3.0.742
Data_Quality_Information:
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description: Dataset copied.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: Transverse
Mercator
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian:
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Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:
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Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:
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False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
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Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000032
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_Clarke_1866
Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:
294.978698
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Enumerated_Domain_Value:
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Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Approximately located boundary between geologic units; positional accuracy
generally within 5 mm at 1:24,000 (120 m on the ground)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
contact, certain
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Boundary between geologic units, positional accuracy generally within 2 mm at
1:24,000 (48 m on the ground)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
contact, concealed
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Boundary between geologic units that is concealed by a younger unit; positional
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
contact, inferred
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Boundary of uncertain location between geologic units; positional accuracy
uncertain contact exists but location inferred from indirect evidence
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
fault, approx. located
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of approximately located fault positional accuracy generally within 5 mm
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Enumerated_Domain:
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Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of fault concealed by younger unit positional accuracy uncertain but
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
fault, concealed, queried
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of possible fault concealed by younger unit positional accuracy uncertain
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
fault, inferred
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of fault, positional accuracy uncertain, fault exists but location
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Enumerated_Domain:
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map boundary
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map boundary of this 1:24000 study
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Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of approximately located normal fault positional accuracy generally
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
normal fault, approx. located_mN
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of approximately located normal fault positional accuracy generally
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direction towards north
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
normal fault, concealed
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of normal fault concealed by younger unit positional accuracy uncertain
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
normal fault, concealed, queried
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of possible normal fault concealed by younger unit positional accuracy
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
s.s. fault, r.l., approx. located
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of approximately located right lateral strike-slip fault positional
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
s.s. fault, r.l., approx. located_m
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of approximately located right lateral strike-slip fault positional
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Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
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Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Trace of right lateral strike-slip fault concealed by younger unit positional
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ground)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
water boundary, certain
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Outline of a body of open water; positional accuracy within 1:24,000 National
Map Accuracy Standards
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Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
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Attribute:
Attribute_Label: PTYPE
Attribute_Definition: Geologic unit
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Attribute_Type: String
Attribute_Width: 35
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
af
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Artifical fill (Holocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated soil, sand, gravel, and rock used to construct elevated road and
railroad beds and levees on Columbia River and Lewis River floodplains
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qa
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Alluvium (Holocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated silt, sand, and gravel in Lewis River valley and along smaller
drainages. Deposits along Lewis River poorly sorted to well sorted, massive to
laminated, and commonly crossbedded; locally include fine-grained lacustrine,
aeolian, and organic-rich marsh deposits. Alluvium along smaller streams
generally consists of poorly sorted to moderately sorted and crudely stratified
sand and gravel. In Lewis River valley, unit includes deposits of low terraces,
with surfaces less than 12 m above river, that contain much material reworked
from eruptive products of Mount St. Helens; the terrace deposit are inset
against, and hence postdate, cataclysmic flood deposits (Qfs). Youngest and
most prominent terrace (Woodland terrace of Major and Scott, 1988), with
surface 6 to 8 m above river, merges with modern Columbia River floodplain in
southwestern part of quadrangle; radiocarbon age of 440±70 years B.P. suggests
this terrace formed in response to aggradation during the Kalama eruptive
period of Mount St. Helens (Major and Scott, 1988). Radiocarbon date of 695±340
years B.P. was obtained from material in a slightly higher terrace by Major and
Scott (1988). Water-well logs record more than 75 m of unconsolidated sediments
beneath valley floor at Clover Valley and more than 80 m near Woodland; lower
parts of these sections are probably Pleistocene in age
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qt
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Talus deposits (Holocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unsorted accumulation of angular basaltic andesite blocks below cliffs on east
flank of Devils Peak. Chiefly rockfall and rock-avalanche deposits
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qls
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Landslide deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Diamictons of bedrock and (or) surficial material transported downslope en
masse. Mapped slides predominantly deep-seated failures ranging from
semicoherent slumps to internally disrupted rock-avalanche deposits; younger
slides exhibit arcuate headscarps, bulbous toes, and hummocky, poorly drained
surfaces. Small, unmapped debris-flow deposits are widespread in areas with
thick soil horizons. Slides commonly initiated by failure of weathered
volcaniclastic rocks of units Tvs and Tt or of thin, unmapped, sedimentary
intervals in flow-dominated units Tba and Ta. Steep terrace margins composed of
poorly consolidated cataclysmic flood deposits (Qfs) and outwash (Qoo and Qao)
are also prone to failure, as are poorly consolidated Miocene and Pliocene
deposits (Tsr and Ttf). Several landslides southeast of Woodland developed in
deeply weathered clayey sedimentary strata (Tsr) and contain large blocks
derived from the overlying Grande Ronde Basalt or basaltic hyaloclastite (Tbh)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qaf
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Alluvial fan deposits (Holocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated, moderately to poorly sorted sand and gravel. Unit forms small
alluvial fan about 3 km north of Woodland where Burris Creek enters Columbia
River floodplain. Composed of subangular to subrounded clasts of Paleogene
volcanic rocks and well-rounded pebbles and cobbles recycled from older
surficial deposits. Not covered by cataclysmic flood deposits (Qfs), so
presumably younger.
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qfs
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Cataclysmic-flood deposits, sand and silt facies (Pleistocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated deposits of rhythmically bedded silt and fine sand capping
terraces along Lewis River. Fresh exposures in small slump scarps reveal
blue-gray rhythmites, each bed several cm thick, but in more typical weathered
exposures, silt is oxidized light brown and bedding is inconspicuous. Composed
largely of quartz, feldspar, and muscovite, indicating deposition by Columbia
River rather than by Lewis River. Interpreted as slack-water deposits of
colossal glacier outburst floods (jökulhlaups) initiated by repeated failure of
ice dam at Glacial Lake Missoula in Idaho and Montana during the late Pleistocene
(Bretz, 1925, 1969; Allison, 1978; Baker and Bunker, 1985; Waitt, 1985, 1994,
1996; O'Connor and Baker, 1992). Floodwaters hydraulically dammed by relatively
narrow constriction of Columbia River valley just northwest of this quadrangle
and temporarily ponded in Portland Basin and tributary valleys, depositing
suspended sediment load (Trimble, 1963). Terraces with surface elevations near
200 ft (60 m) are capped by flood deposits as much as 30 m thick that rest on
Mount St. Helens-derived alluvium; thin unmapped deposits of similar character
locally mantle topography to elevations as high as 400 ft (120 m). Radiocarbon
and tephrochronologic data for the slack-water deposits outside the map area
(Waitt, 1985, 1994; Atwater, 1986; Clague and others, 2003) indicate
depositional ages between about 17,000 and 13,000 14C years b.p.
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qsh
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Alluvium derived from Mount St. Helens (Pleistocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated sand and gravel composed predominantly of dacitic debris eroded
from eruptive products of the ancestral volcanic center at Mount St. Helens.
Exposed below 60 to 120 ft (18 to 35 m) elevation along steep slopes of
prominent terrace north of Woodland, where unit is overlain by as much as 25 m
of cataclysmic flood deposits (Qfs); forms a similar but higher Qfs-veneered
terrace southeast of Hayes. Larger clasts include distinctive, coarsely
porphyritic, quartz- and biotite-bearing dacite and pink hypersthene-hornblende
dacite, both of which are characteristic eruptive products of ancestral Mount
St. Helens (Crandell, 1987). Composition and stratigraphic position of deposits
indicate they record episodes of eruption-induced alluviation during the Ape
Canyon and Cougar eruptive stages of Crandell (1987), approximately 50 to 20
ka, although some may be as old as 300 ka (Evarts and others, 2003; Evarts,
2004)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qtd
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Terrace deposits (Pleistocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated pebble and cobble gravel, sand, and silt, forming small terrace
remnants southeast of Woodland with surface elevations of about 100-200 ft
(30-60 m). Clast population dominated by Tertiary volcanic rocks eroded from
the Cascade Range, consistent with a Lewis River rather than Columbia River
source. Slump scarp directly east of Interstate Highway 5 bridge over Lewis
River reveals a 6-m-thick lens of white, finely laminated, fluvially deposited
volcanic ash chemically equivalent to the Bend Pumice and Loleta ash bed,
deposited between 350 and 450 ka (A.M. Sarna-Wojcicki, written commun., 2000;
Sarna-Wojcicki and others, 1989; Lanphere and others, 1999). Terrace deposits mantled
by silt and fine sand deposited by cataclysmic glacier-outburst floods (Qfs)
Enumerated_Domain:
Glacial deposits
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qao
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Outwash deposits of Amboy drift (Pleistocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated, sand and pebble and cobble gravel; moderately weathered,
crudely stratified, and moderately sorted to well-sorted. Forms scattered
dissected terrace remnants with treads generally below 200 ft (60 m) elevation
on both sides of Lewis River valley. Composed largely of well-rounded clasts,
some grooved or striated, of diverse volcanic rocks similar to Tertiary rocks
of the Cascade Range; lack quartzite and Columbia River Basalt Group clasts,
indicating a Lewis River rather than Columbia River source. Locally contain
clasts similar to middle Pleistocene olivine-phyric basalts and basaltic
andesites erupted from monogenetic vents in the Lewis drainage upstream from
quadrangle (Evarts and Ashley, 1990a, 1991). Clasts of distinctive, coarsely
porphyritic, quartz-, biotite-, and cummingtonite-bearing dacite of the type
erupted from the ancestral volcanic center of Mount St. Helens (Crandell, 1987)
locally are a minor but conspicuous component in the gravels. Weathering rinds on
aphanitic andesitic clasts from upper part of weathering profiles are generally
1-2 mm thick. Interpreted as glaciofluvial deposits of the Amboy Drift
(Mundorff, 1984). Based on weathering characteristics, Amboy Drift is
correlative with Hayden Creek Drift, which Crandell and Miller (1974)
interpreted to be the product of the penultimate glaciation in the Washington
Cascade Range. Age of the Amboy/Hayden Creek Drift uncertain; estimates range
from about 50 ka to greater than 300 ka (Crandell and Miller, 1974; Crandell,
1987; Coleman and Pierce, 1981; Dethier, 1988, Grigg and Whitlock, 2002, Evarts
and others, 2003)
Enumerated_Domain:
Glacial deposits
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qmo
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Outwash deposits of Drift of Mason Creek (Pleistocene)
Enumerated_Domain:
Glacial deposits
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Qoo
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Older outwash deposits (Pleistocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated, moderately weathered, moderately sorted to well-sorted cobble
gravel that unconformably overlies Troutdale Formation (Ttf) approximately 4 km
north of Woodland; about 40 m thick. Clast composition indicates a Lewis River
rather than Columbia River provenance. Similar to drift of Mason Creek outwash
deposits (Qmo), but extends to higher elevation (near 600 ft (180 m) in Deer
Island quadrangle; Evarts, 2002), hence interpreted as early Pleistocene
glaciofluvial deposits older than drift of Mason Creek
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
QTc
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Conglomerate (Pleistocene or Pliocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unconsolidated to semi-consolidated, thick-bedded, pebbly to cobbly
conglomerate with thin lenses (<2 m thick) of basaltic and
quartzofeldspathic sand; poorly to moderately well sorted, clast-supported,
commonly imbricated and crossbedded. Less intensely weathered than conglomerate
of the Troutdale Formation (Ttf). Clast population dominated by volcanic rocks
eroded from Columbia River Basalt Group and western Cascade Range. Found only
along the southern boundary of this quadrangle, where conglomerate underlies a
dissected bench below 300 ft (100 m) elevation, but is widespread in Ridgefield
quadrangle to the south (R.C. Evarts, unpub. mapping). Equivalent to
alluvial-fan member of Troutdale Formation of Howard (2002). Age uncertain;
probably predominantly Pliocene but may extend into early Pleistocene
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Ttf
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Troutdale Formation (Pliocene and (or) Miocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Semiconsolidated, massive to crudely stratified, pebbly and cobbly conglomerate
with sparse lenses of friable sandstone; moderately to well sorted and
clast-supported, with openwork fabric or sandstone matrix. Underlies broad,
south- to southwest-sloping surface south of Lewis River, the Troutdale bench
of Mundorff (1964). Scattered patches of similar conglomerate are found north
of Lewis River at elevations between 300 and 900 ft (90 and 275 m). Clasts well
rounded; clast population dominated by cobbles of basalt from the Columbia
River Basalt Group but typically includes light-colored granitic and
quartzofeldspathic metamorphic rocks and distinctive, white to light-gray,
iron-oxide stained quartzite; clasts of volcanic rocks eroded from Cascade
Range are scarce. Sandstone interbeds and matrix of conglomerate range from
basaltic grit to micaceous arkose compositionally similar to sandy beds of Sandy
River Mudstone (Tsr). These rock types indicate dominant source areas east of
the Cascade Range and deposition by the ancestral Columbia River. About 3 km
north of Woodland, unit contains a mixed clast population of Columbia River
Basalt Group and Tertiary volcanic rocks from the Cascade Range. Sedimentary
structures are consistent with deposition during floods in a gravel-dominated
braided river system. In most places, upper several meters weathered to
reddish-brown clayey soil; in such areas, presence of scattered quartzite
pebbles in soil is only indicator of conglomeratic parent material. Wells south
of Lewis River penetrate as much as 70 m of conglomerate and show that
weathering may extend to depths exceeding 30 m (Mundorff, 1964; Swanson and others,
1993). Basal contact with Sandy River Mudstone is low-relief disconformity.
Equivalent to upper member of Troutdale Formation of Mundorff (1964) and to
volcanic-clast and quartzite-clast members of Troutdale Formation of Howard
(2002). Age inferred from stratigraphic relations outside of quadrangle (Tolan
and Beeson, 1984)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tsr
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sandy River Mudstone (Miocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Semiconsolidated, well-bedded sandstone, siltstone, claystone, and minor
quartzite-bearing pebble conglomerate, pumice-lapilli tuff, and lignite. Poorly
exposed beneath Troutdale Formation (Ttf) on slopes of creek valleys incised
into Troutdale bench in southeast quadrant of quadrangle, in roadcuts on south
side of Lewis River valley, and in quarries along Columbia River valley wall
southeast of Woodland; similar, subhorizontally bedded sedimentary rocks
sporadically exposed in banks of Lewis River at and upriver from mouth of
Houghton Creek tentatively assigned to this unit. Water-well logs indicate this
unit is more than 175 m thick in vicinity of Pine Grove. Sandy and silty beds
are commonly bluish gray in fresh exposures, rapidly weather to light brown;
commonly limonite cemented; consist of subangular grains of quartz, feldspar,
various rock fragments, muscovite and minor biotite, tourmaline, magnetite,
hornblende. Thin claystone beds varicolored, commonly carbonaceous, tuffaceous
in part. Planar and trough crossbeds and cut-and-fill structures that are
common in sandy horizons indicate a fluvial depositional environment.
Equivalent to lower member of Troutdale Formation of Mundorff (1964) and
fine-grained member of Troutdale Formation of Howard (2002). Age is poorly constrained.
Plant fossils from near top of unit at localities outside of quadrangle are
assigned late Miocene or Pliocene ages (Trimble, 1963; Mundorff, 1964; Tolan
and Beeson, 1984), and unit is generally considered to postdate Columbia River
Basalt Group (Trimble, 1963; Swanson and others, 1993). In quarries southeast
of Woodland, however, flows of the Grande Ronde Basalt overlie, are banked
against, or invade this unit, so base must be as old as late early Miocene
Enumerated_Domain:
Columbia River Basalt Group(Miocene) Flows of light- to dark-gray tholeiitic
basaltic andesite; vesicular to microvesicular and aphyric to microphyric to
very sparsely plagioclase-phyric, with relatively low-TiO2 contents (table 1),
characteristic of the Grande Ronde Basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group
(Mangan and others, 1986; Beeson and others, 1989; Reidel and others, 1989).
Found as erosional remnants banked against Paleogene bedrock and Miocene Sandy
River Mudstone (Tsr) on valley wall southeast of Woodland; unconformably
overlain by Troutdale Formation (Ttf). Some flows exhibit well-developed
colonnade and entablature jointing patterns (best visible in quarry-wall
exposures). Typical samples are intergranular to intersertal, with lathlike
plagioclase, granular to prismatic augite, and Fe-Ti oxide crystals in abundant
dark glass; some flows contain rare pigeonite, olivine or orthopyroxene
microphenocrysts. Textures resemble those described by Long and Wood (1986) for
correlative flows on the Columbia Plateau. Basalt was erupted from vents in
eastern and southeastern parts of plateau and entered northwestern Oregon and
southwestern Washington through a wide gap in the Miocene Cascade Range (Tolan
and others, 1989; Reidel and others, 1989; Wells and others, 1989). K-Ar and
40Ar/39Ar age determinations on Columbia Plateau indicate that Grande Ronde
Basalt flows were emplaced 16.5 to 15.6 Ma (Reidel and others, 1989). Based on
lithologic, chemical and paleomagnetic properties, most Grande Ronde Basalt
flows in this quadrangle can be assigned to informal members corresponding to
those defined by Reidel and others (1989) on Columbia Plateau (terminology
follows that of Reidel, 1998):
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tgsb
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Member of Sentinel Bluffs, Grande Ronde Basalt
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
One or more flows characterized by blocky to columnar jointing, relatively high
MgO contents (4.3 to 4.7 wt percent) and normal magnetic polarity. Some flows
contain scarce plagioclase phenocrysts as large as 5 mm long in fine- to
medium-grained, intersertal to intergranular, aphyric to microphyric groundmass
with minor olivine; commonly diktytaxitic. Chemistry, petrography, and remanent
magnetization (J.T. Hagstrum, written commun., 1999) indicate equivalence with
Sentinel Bluffs unit of Reidel and others (1989; Beeson and others, 1989; Wells
and others, 1989), which is within the N2 magnetostratigraphic unit of Swanson
and others (1979), and was erupted about 15.6 Ma
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tgww
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Member of Winter Water
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Erosional remnant of aphyric to very sparsely plagioclase-phyric, intersertal
to intergranular basalt flow with relatively low MgO content (about 3.7 wt
percent) and normal magnetic polarity. Crops out downhill from Sentinel Bluffs
flow about 1 km southeast of Woodland. At least 25 m thick; consists of thick
entablature above thin colonnade. Grades into pillow lava near steep contact
with Sandy River Mudstone (Tsr); lava tongues locally invade the sedimentary
rocks. Chemistry and remanent magnetization (J.T. Hagstrum, written commun.,
1999) indicate flow belongs to Winter Water unit of Reidel and others (1989;
Beeson and others, 1989; Wells and others, 1989), which is within the N2
magnetostratigraphic unit of Swanson and others (1979)
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tgru
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Unassigned, reversely magnetized, high-Mgo basalt
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Flows of hackly fractured, sparsely microphyric basalt with relatively low to
intermediate MgO contents (3.96 to 4.16 wt percent) and reversed magnetic
polarity (J.T. Hagstrum, written commun., 1999, 2001). Three flows or flow
lobes separated by thin (£1 m) weathered vesicular zones are exposed in large
quarry about 2.5 km southeast of Woodland; overlies and locally invades
fine-grained sedimentary rocks (Tsr) in quarry floor and basaltic hyaloclastite
(Tbh) in adjacent creek. Relatively high CaO and Cr contents indicate affinity
with high-MgO Grande Ronde basalts (M.T. Beeson and T.L. Tolan, oral commun.,
2001). Does not correspond to any of the informal members described by Reidel
and others (1989)
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tbh
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Basaltic hyaloclstite (Miocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Yellow to brown palagonitic conglomerate, grit, and sandstone; massive to
crudely thick-bedded, moderately to poorly sorted. As much as 25 m thick. Well
indurated where fresh, but typically pervasively weathered and crumbly; prone
to slumping. Clast-supported conglomerate composed of well rounded to
subrounded pebbles and cobbles of variably vesicular aphyric basalt in matrix
of coarse vitric basaltic sand; sandy beds are similar to conglomerate matrix
and commonly contain dispersed basalt pebbles. Some angular basalt clasts
possess glassy rinds and resemble pillow fragments. Unit locally contains
angular clasts of claystone as large as 1 m across, presumably derived from underlying
Sandy River Mudstone (Tsr). Chemical analysis of relatively fresh sandstone
demonstrates affinity with Grande Ronde Basalt.
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tdi
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Diorite (Oligocene?)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Small intrusive bodies of medium- to dark-gray, fine- to medium-grained,
seriate to hypidiomorphic granular pyroxene diorite. Composed chiefly of blocky
plagioclase (1 to 2 mm long), equant augite (0.5 to 1 mm across), equant to
prismatic hypersthene (0.5 to 1 mm across), and equant to irregular Fe-Ti oxide
<0.5 mm across); also minor interstitial quartz and (or) chloritic clay
minerals, and local traces of anhedral K-feldspar and biotite; amygdules or
miarolitic cavities locally common. Primary igneous minerals partially altered
to albite, quartz, chlorite, epidote, smectite, calcite, talc, titanite,
pyrite, and hematite. Intrusions in Houghton Creek area form western margin of
swarm centered in adjacent Ariel quadrangle
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tiba
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Intrusive basaltic andesite (Oligocene? and Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Dikes and sills of sparsely to abundantly porphyritic basaltic andesite
petrographically similar to basaltic andesite flows (Tba). Largely restricted
to a belt north of the Lewis River that trends approximately N. 75° E.;
individual dikes generally strike parallel to trend of belt. Two-kilometer-long
dike northwest of Schumaker Mountain consists of distinctive, coarsely and
densely porphyritic, intersertal, hypersthene basaltic andesite with
phenocrysts of plagioclase (40 percent; as long as 8 mm), hypersthene (8
percent; as long as 4 mm), and sparse augite (<0.5 percent; as large as 2 mm
across) in a groundmass of red glass (partly replaced by smectite) containing
skeletal Fe-Ti oxide and brown-tinged augite crystals
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tia
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Intrusive andesite (Oligocene? and Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Dikes and small elongate intrusions of aphyric to porphyritic pyroxene andesite
and lesser microquartz diorite; most abundant in Robinson Creek area.
Lithologically similar to andesite flows (Ta) but typically more altered. Most
intrusions are light greenish- to yellowish-gray, moderately porphyritic, and
hydrothermally altered; primary feldspar and pyroxene replaced by calcite,
chlorite, smectite, kaolinite, zeolite, quartz, and pyrite. Plug-like
cylindrical intrusion in Robinson Creek composed of sparse plagioclase (0.5
percent; 0.5 to 1 mm long) and augite (0.1 percent; 0.5 to 1.5 mm across)
phenocrysts in a strongly flow-banded, locally microvesicular,
cryptocrystalline groundmass of feldspar, pyroxene, Fe-Ti oxide, and quartz
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tib
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Intrusive basalt (Oligocene or Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sill-like body of dark-gray, seriate basalt
intruding volcaniclastic rocks in upper Robinson Creek. Consists of phenocrysts
and glomerocrysts of plagioclase (as long as 2 mm; containing abundant
inclusions of altered glass) and olivine (as large as 1 mm across; completely
replaced by brown smectite ± calcite) in a subophitic groundmass with augite
oikocrysts (=0.5 mm), Fe-Ti oxide, and devitrified interstitial glass; abundant
smectite replaces glass and fills vesicles and interstitial voids
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tba
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Basaltic Andesite (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Flows and flow breccia of dark gray to brown, porphyritic to seriate to
(rarely) aphyric basaltic andesite and basalt; unit locally includes minor
andesite flows and volcaniclastic rocks too small or poorly exposed to map.
Typical flows contain phenocrysts of plagioclase (10-35 percent; 1 to 2 mm,
rarely to 5 mm long), olivine (as much as 6 percent; 0.5 to 2 mm across;
commonly partly resorbed and surrounded by rinds of granular pyroxene and (or)
magnetite; almost invariably replaced by some combination of smectite,
hematite, carbonate, serpentine, and quartz; commonly contains minute chromian
spinel inclusions), and augite (as much as 6 percent; 0.5 to 3 mm across). Some
flows lack olivine and (or) augite phenocrysts; many contain microphenocrysts
of Fe-Ti oxide and a few contain phenocrysts of hypersthene (as much as 3
percent; 0.5 to 1 mm long). Intergranular to trachytic groundmass consists of
the same minerals plus minor interstitial glass (mostly altered to smectitic
clay, quartz, or calcite)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Ta
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Andesite (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Flows and flow breccia of medium- to dark-gray, aphyric to porphyritic pyroxene
andesite. Locally includes minor interbedded volcaniclastic rocks and small
unmapped flows of basaltic andesite and dacite. Dominates Paleogene bedrock
south of Lewis River; scattered flows also found in stratigraphically lower
section north of river. Andesites contain phenocrysts of plagioclase (1-20
percent; 1 to 4 mm long), augite (0-5 percent; <0.5 to 2 mm across),
hypersthene (0-3 percent; <0.5 to 2 mm long), Fe-Ti oxide (<0.5 percent;
<0.5 mm across), and rarely olivine (<1 percent; as large as 1 mm across;
invariably replaced by brown smectite) in an intergranular, intersertal,
pilotaxitic, hyalopilitic or cryptocrystalline groundmass; some sparsely
porphyritic andesites lack augite or hypersthene or both. Alteration is similar
in mineralogy and intensity to that described for basaltic andesite (Tba)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Td
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Dacite (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Domes, flows, and flow breccia of flow-banded, platy, locally vesicular,
generally sparsely porphyritic pyroxene dacite. Typically devitrified or
altered; pale reddish-, purplish-, brownish-, or yellowish-gray to dark-gray; black
where still glassy. Individual flows may be more than 30 m thick. Contains
phenocrysts of plagioclase (£10 percent; 0.5 to 1 mm long, rarely to 4mm),
augite (£1 percent; 0.5 to 1 mm), and (or) hypersthene (£1 percent; 0.5 to 1
mm) and microphenocrysts of Fe-Ti oxide (<0.5 percent) in a pilotaxitic,
hyalopilitic, cryptocrystalline, or snowflake-textured groundmass; one flow
east of Woodland contains sparse olivine partly altered to dark-green clay
mineral. Characteristically exhibits minor to pervasive low-temperature
alteration to fine-grained quartz, calcite, hematite, montmorillonite,
kaolinite, and titanite
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tvs
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Diverse assemblage of continental volcaniclastic rocks of inferred epiclastic
origin. Consists of generally well bedded, well-sorted to poorly sorted
siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate, and breccia, all composed chiefly of
volcanic debris. Locally includes thin beds of pumiceous pyroclastic rocks and
lava flows too small or poorly exposed to map. Beds most commonly light-green
to olive-green or greenish-gray but also white, tan, brown, or maroon.
Texturally and compositionally immature; most abundant clasts are volcanic
rocks petrographically similar to interbedded lava flows and tuffs; other
components include plagioclase, Fe-Ti oxide, and pyroxene crystals, pumice,
vitric ash, fragments of fine-grained dioritic rocks, and carbonized plant
remains. Interpreted as debris eroded from older and penecontemporaneous
volcanoes and deposited by normal fluvial and lacustrine processes in low-lying
medial to distal intervolcano environments. Unit typically displays intense
low-grade alteration to clay minerals and zeolites
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tt
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Tuff (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Heterogeneous unit of andesitic to rhyolitic tuff, pumiceous lapilli tuff, and
lithic tuff breccia. Very poorly sorted, matrix-supported, relatively
coarse-grained deposits predominate; inferred to consist mostly of pyroclastic
flow and lahar deposits. Beds typically 3 to 12 m thick; locally in excess of
30 m thick. As mapped, includes sequences of tuffaceous rocks interbedded with
and gradational to subordinate pumice-poor epiclastic sedimentary rocks.
Generally light-colored, ranging from white to light-gray to light greenish-
and yellowish-brown. Carbonized woody debris is present in some lapilli tuff
beds, especially near their bases. Phenocrysts rarely constitute more than 10
percent of juvenile material in tuff, and include plagioclase, augite,
hypersthene, and Fe-Ti oxide, but no quartz, hornblende or biotite. Original
glass completely replaced by fine-grained smectite and (or) zeolites, of which
clinoptilolite is the most common
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Thba
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Hypersthene basaltic andesite (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sequence of flows and flow breccia, as much as 225 m thick, of dark-gray,
densely porphyritic, hypersthene basaltic andesite on Little Kalama-Lewis River
divide in northeastern part of quadrangle. Typical flow contains phenocrysts of
plagioclase (about 35 percent; 1 to 2 mm long), hypersthene (6-8 percent; 1 to
3 mm long), and augite (<0.5 percent; 1 to 2 mm across) in intergranular to
intersertal groundmass of feldspar, pyroxene, Fe-Ti oxide, and local interstitial
quartz and smectite. Upper several meters commonly weathered to reddish-orange
saprolite
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tbb
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Basaltic Andesite Breccia (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Massive, unsorted, monolithologic diamicton composed of angular clasts as large
as 1 m of dark-gray to reddish-gray, aphanitic to seriate, sparsely vesicular
basaltic andesite in yellowish-gray matrix of comminuted basaltic andesite.
Predominantly clast-supported but lower part of unit shows inverse grading and
higher proportion of matrix. At least 50 m thick. Base not exposed; top locally
weathered to limonite-stained and bleached saprolite. In adjacent Deer Island
quadrangle, unconformably overlain by micaceous sand and gravel of Troutdale
Formation (Ttf). Clasts consist of plagioclase, augite, and altered olivine
crystals £1 mm across in an intergranular to trachytic groundmass of
plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and Fe-Ti oxides; groundmass crystals locally
enclosed by scattered equant oikocrysts (£0.5 mm) of hypersthene. Texture of
deposit similar to 1980 debris-avalanche deposit at Mount St. Helens. Wilkinson
and others (1946) interpreted the breccia as a lens within the Troutdale
Formation and inferred it was the product of contemporaneous volcanism.
Petrographic similarity to some Eocene basaltic andesite flows and an 40Ar/39Ar
age of 37.3±0.3 Ma from sample collected in adjacent Deer Island quadrangle
(Evarts, 2002) suggests it is actually an Eocene unit, although an origin as a
Neogene landslide deposit cannot be ruled out
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
Tob
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Olivine-phyric basalt (Eocene)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Two or more flows in lower Little Kalama River valley of distinctive, medium-
to dark-gray, orange-weathering, porphyritic to seriate basalt containing
abundant conspicuous, red to orange, variably altered olivine as the only or
most abundant phenocryst phase. Olivine phenocrysts (about 10 percent; 1 to 3
mm across) are partly replaced by smectite + hematite ± calcite and contain
abundant minute octahedral chromite inclusions. Flows also contain phenocrysts
or microphenocrysts of plagioclase (£5 percent; £1 mm long) and augite (£5
percent; £1 mm across); the augite occurs as multigrain clots of anhedral
crystals. Medium-grained trachytic groundmass composed of plagioclase, augite,
Fe-Ti oxide, and minor interstitial glass altered to smectite. Smectite and
zeolites fill irregular microvesicles. May be correlative with similar rocks
(basaltic andesite of Indian George Creek) mapped by Evarts and Ashley, (1991)
in Lakeview Peak quadrangle to the northeast
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Attribute_Definition: Geologic bedding
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Enumerated_Domain_Value:
bedding
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Strike and dip of beds
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
glacial erratic
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Location of glacial erratic
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
horizontal bedding
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Strike of horizontal beds
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
horizontal platy parting
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Strike of horizontal platy parting in lava flows
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
platy parting
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Strike and dip of platy parting in lava flows
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
compaction foliation
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Strike and dip of compaction foliation in pumiceous lapilli tuff
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
vertical platy parting
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Strike of vertical platy parting in lava flows
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Enumerated_Domain_Value:
cross section
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Location of author's cross section lines
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
dike, andesite
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Dikes and small elongate intrusions of aphyric to porphyritic pyroxene andesite
and lesser microquartz diorite; most abundant in Robinson Creek area.
Lithologically similar to andesite flows (Ta) but typically more altered. Most
intrusions are light greenish- to yellowish-gray, moderately porphyritic, and
hydrothermally altered; primary feldspar and pyroxene replaced by calcite,
chlorite, smectite, kaolinite, zeolite, quartz, and pyrite. Plug-like
cylindrical intrusion in Robinson Creek composed of sparse plagioclase (0.5
percent; 0.5 to 1 mm long) and augite (0.1 percent; 0.5 to 1.5 mm across)
phenocrysts in a strongly flow-banded, locally microvesicular, cryptocrystalline
groundmass of feldspar, pyroxene, Fe-Ti oxide, and quartz
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
dike, bas. andesite
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Dikes and sills of sparsely to abundantly porphyritic basaltic andesite
petrographically similar to basaltic andesite flows (Tba). Largely restricted
to a belt north of the Lewis River that trends approximately N. 75° E.;
individual dikes generally strike parallel to trend of belt. Two-kilometer-long
dike northwest of Schumaker Mountain consists of distinctive, coarsely and
densely porphyritic, intersertal, hypersthene basaltic andesite with
phenocrysts of plagioclase (40 percent; as long as 8 mm), hypersthene (8
percent; as long as 4 mm), and sparse augite (<0.5 percent; as large as 2 mm
across) in a groundmass of red glass (partly replaced by smectite) containing
skeletal Fe-Ti oxide and brown-tinged augite crystals
Enumerated_Domain:
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f.a., anticline, certain
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
fold axis, anticline, positional accuracy generally within 2 mm at 1:24,000 (48
m on the ground)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:
f.a., anticline, certain, plungeW
Eumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
fold axis, anticline, positional accuracy generally within 2 mm at 1:24,000 (48
m on the ground), plunge to the west
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Attribute_Definition: User-defined
feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: PLOT
Attribute_Definition: Designates which
points to plot on map
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MapNo
Attribute_Definition: Number designation
on map
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Field_samp
Attribute_Definition: Sample number used
in field collection
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Latitude_N
Attribute_Definition: Measurement of
latitude
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Longitude_
Attribute_Definition: Measurement of
longitude
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Map_Unit
Attribute_Definition: Geologic unit sample
is located within
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Rock_type
Attribute_Definition: Physical type of rock
from which sample was taken
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SiO2
Attribute_Definition: Silicon
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: TiO2
Attribute_Definition: Titanium
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Al2O3
Attribute_Definition: Aluminum
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Fe2O3
Attribute_Definition: Ferric iron
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FeO
Attribute_Definition: Ferrous iron
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MnO
Attribute_Definition: Manganese
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MgO
Attribute_Definition: Magnesium
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: CaO
Attribute_Definition: Calcium
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Na2O
Attribute_Definition: Sodium concentration
expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: K2O
Attribute_Definition: Potassium
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: P2O5
Attribute_Definition: Phosphorous
concentration expressed as weight percent oxide
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LOI
Attribute_Definition: Loss on ignition, in
weight percent
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Total
Attribute_Definition: Total of weight
percent oxides
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_SiO2
Attribute_Definition: Silicon expressed as
weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_TiO2
Attribute_Definition: Titanium expressed
as weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_Al2O3
Attribute_Definition: Aluminum expressed
as weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_FeO
Attribute_Definition: Ferrous Iron
expressed as weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_MnO
Attribute_Definition: Manganese expressed
as weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_MgO
Attribute_Definition: Magnesium expressed
as weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_CaO
Attribute_Definition: Calcium expressed as
weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_Na2O
Attribute_Definition: Sodium expressed as
weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_K2O
Attribute_Definition: Potassium expressed
as weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: R_P2O5
Attribute_Definition: Phosphorous
expressed as weight percent oxide from analysis recalculated volatile-free
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Mg_
Attribute_Definition: Atomic ratio
100Mg/(Mg+Fe2+) with Fe2+ set to 0.85x Fetotal
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Plagioclas
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent
plagioclase phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Clinopyrox
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent
clinopyroxene phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Orthopyrox
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent
orthopyroxene phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Olivine
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent
olivine phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Fe_Ti_Oxid
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent
iron-oxide phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Hornblende
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent
hornblende phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Quartz
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent quartz
phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: K_feldspar
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent
K-feldspar phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Other
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent other
phenocrysts
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Groundmass
Attribute_Definition: Modal percent of
groundmass
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: No_points_
Attribute_Definition: Number of points
counted for modes
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Texture
Attribute_Definition: Rock and groundmass
texture
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Ba
Attribute_Definition: Barium concentration
in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Rb
Attribute_Definition: Rubidium
concentration in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sr
Attribute_Definition: Strontium
concentration in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Y
Attribute_Definition: Yttrium
concentration in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Zr
Attribute_Definition: Zirconium
concentration in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Nb
Attribute_Definition: Niobium
concentration in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Ni
Attribute_Definition: Nickel concentration
in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Cu
Attribute_Definition: Copper concentration
in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Zn
Attribute_Definition: Zinc concentration
in parts per million
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Cr
Attribute_Definition: Chromium
concentration in parts per million
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: wld_chm.aat
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates
defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FNODE_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the beginning of an arc (from-node).
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: TNODE_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the end of an arc (to-node).
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LPOLY_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the left polygon.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: RPOLY_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the right polygon.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LENGTH
Attribute_Definition: Length of feature
in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real
numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_CHM_
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_CHM-ID
Attribute_Definition: User-defined
feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LTYPE
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: wld_geo_polygonAnno
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: AREA
Attribute_Definition: Area of feature in
internal units squared.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Area is always
zero for point coverages. Values are
automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: PERIMETER
Attribute_Definition: Perimeter of
feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Perimeter is
always zero for point coverages. Values
are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_ANNO_
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_ANNO-ID
Attribute_Definition: User-defined
feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: wld_chm_pointAnno
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates
defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FNODE_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the beginning of an arc (from-node).
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: TNODE_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the end of an arc (to-node).
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LPOLY_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the left polygon.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: RPOLY_
Attribute_Definition: Internal node
number for the right polygon.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers
that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LENGTH
Attribute_Definition: Length of feature
in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real
numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_ANNO_
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_ANNO-ID
Attribute_Definition: User-defined
feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LTYPE
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: wld_alter_polygon
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates
defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: AREA
Attribute_Definition: Area of feature in
internal units squared.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real
numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: PERIMETER
Attribute_Definition: Perimeter of
feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real
numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_ALTER#
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature
number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential
unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: WLD_ALTER-ID
Attribute_Definition: User-defined
feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: PTYPE
Distribution_Information:
Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Transfer_Size: 0.486
Distribution_Information:
Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Transfer_Size: 0.822
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USGS Information
Services
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: Box 25286, Denver Federal Center
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225-0046
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 202-4200
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 202-4695
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:
infoservices@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: USGS Scientific
Investigations Map SIM-2827
Distribution_Liability: Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Although this publication has
been subjected to rigorous
review and is substantially complete, the
USGS reserves the right to
revise the data pursuant to further analysis
and review. Furthermore, it
is released on condition that neither the
USGS nor the United States
Government may be held liable for any
damages resulting from its
authorized or unauthorized use.
Standard_Order_Process:
Non-digital_Form: Paper copies of the map
sheets and pamphlet can be
obtained by contacting USGS Information
Services via the contact
information listed above.
Fees: Plotting fees are set by USGS
Information Services, and may be
obtained by contacting them via the contact
information given above.
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person:
Database Coordinator
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:
mailing address
Address:
345 Middlefield Rd., M/S 973
City:
Menlo Park
State_or_Province:
CA
Postal_Code:
94025
Country:
USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:
650-329-4935
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:
650-329-4936
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:
kwheeler@usgs.gov
Resource_Description:
USGS Scientific Investigations Map SIM-2827
Distribution_Liability:
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this publication
has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS
reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review.
Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United
States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its
authorized or unauthorized use.
Format_Name:
ArcGIS Geodatabase
Format_Version_Number:
8.3
Network_Resource_Name:
<http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2827
Fees:
none
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20040310
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological
Survey
Contact_Person: Karen Wheeler
Contact_Address: 345 Middlefield Rd.,
M/S 973
Address_Type: mailing address
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 94025
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-4935
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-4936
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content
Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile