Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Jack A. Redden
      Originator: Ed DeWitt
      Publication_Date: 2008
      Title: Map showing geology, structure, and geophysics of the central 
        Black Hills, South Dakota
      Edition: version 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: USGS Scientific Investigations Map
        Issue_Identification: Scientific Investigations Map 2777
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado, U.S.A.
        Publisher: United States Geological Survey
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2777

  Description:
    Abstract: 
      This 1:100,000-scale digital geologic map details the complex 
      Early Proterozoic granitic rocks, Early Proterozoic supracrustal 
      metamorphic rocks, and Archean crystalline basement of the Black 
      Hills.  The granitic rocks host pegmatite deposits renowned for 
      their feldspar, mica, spodumene, and beryl.  The supracrustal 
      rocks host the Homestake gold mine, which produced more than 40 
      million ounces of gold over a 125-year lifetime.  The map 
      documents the Laramide deformation of Paleozoic and Mesozoic 
      cover rocks; and shows the distribution of Laramide plutonic 
      rocks associated with precious-metals deposits.  Four 1:300,000-scale 
      maps summarize Laramide structures; Early Proterozoic structures; 
      aeromagnetic anomalies; and gravity anomalies.  Three 1:500,000-scale 
      maps show geophysical interpretations of buried Early Proterozoic 
      to Archean rocks in western South Dakota and eastern Wyoming.
    Purpose:
      This ARC/INFO dataset was developed to provide a geologic map GIS database 
      of the central Black Hills, South Dakota for use in spatial analysis by a 
      variety of users.

  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 2008
    Currentness_Reference: publication date

  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none currently planned

  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -103.0
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.0
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.5
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.5

  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Theme_Keyword: geology
      Theme_Keyword: mapping
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Board of Geographic Names
      Place_Keyword: South Dakota
      Place_Keyword: Black Hills

  Access_Constraints: None

  Use_Constraints:
    None.  Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in 
    products derived from these data.

  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Ed DeWitt
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: MS 973, Box 25046 DFC
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: CO
        Postal_Code: 80225-0046
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-5636
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: edewitt@usgs.gov

  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2777/2777_sheet1.pdf and 
      http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2777/2777_sheet2.pdf
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: graphic representations of map layouts
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF

  Data_Set_Credit:
    Tammy Fancher, USGS, digitized the lines, points, and polygons and created 
    the ArcMap layout.  The USGS Denver Publishing Service Center edited the 
    data, documents, and maps, and created the PDF files as well as oversaw the 
    printing of the final paper maps.

  Native_Data_Set_Environment:
    Microsoft Windows XP Professional Version 5.1
    Service Pack 3
    Build 2195 ESRI ArcWorkstation 9.2

Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
      The database consists of newly generated data that were compiled on mylar 
      and then digitized in ARC/INFO.  This map was thoroughly reviewed for 
      conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and 
      stratigraphic nomenclature.

  Logical_Consistency_Report:
    Map elements were checked by the author and editor for overshoots, 
    undershoots, duplicate features, polygon attributes, and other errors.  
    Automated (ARC/INFO) routines were also used to check the databases for 
    polygon label errors and dangling arcs.  The coverages were cleaned in 
    ARC/INFO to ensure logical consistency.  The map was reviewed by other 
    geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general 
    conformity to USGS mapping standards.

  Completeness_Report: This dataset is complete.

  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        Jack A. Redden, South Dakota School of Mines and Techmology, and Ed 
        DeWitt, USGS, mappped the geology, sampled the rocks, and worked out the 
        geologic history.
        With contributions by
        James Berry, Homestake Mining Company
        C. Gilbert Bowles, USGS
        W.A. Braddock, deceased
        C. Mark Cattermole, USGS
        J.C Harkeson, deceased
        Robert Kucks, USGS
        Alvis L. Lisenbee, South Dakota School of Mines and Techmology
        James J. Norton, USGS
        Zell Peterman, USGS
        J.C. Ratte, USGS
        R.E. Zartman, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
      Process_Date: 2000-2008

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 13
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 1
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -105
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
            False_Easting: 0
            False_Northing: 0
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 1
          Ordinate_Resolution: 1
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
      Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
      The data are supplied in Arc/Info .e00 interchange and 
      ArcView shapefile formats.

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in point
      coverages blk_pnt.pat
      >   bedding
      >   collapsed breccia pipe
      >   combined bedding and foliation
      >   dome
      >   foliation
      >   minor fold
      >   minor solution dome
      >   query
      >   teepee butte
      >   top of bed

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in point
      coverages  blk_pnt_pC.pat
      >   bedding
      >   combined bedding and foliation
      >   foliation
      >   minor fold
      >   query
      >   top of bed

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in point
      coverages blk_pnt_nopC.pat
      >   bedding
      >   collapse breccia pipe
      >   dome
      >   minor fold
      >   minor solution dome
      >   query
      >   teepee butte

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in point
      coverage blk_sym.pat:
      >   Harney Peak dome symbol
      >   anticline symbol
      >   antiform symbol
      >   bar and ball symbol
      >   collapsed breccia pipe symbol
      >   dome symbol
      >   incl combined S2 bedding/foliation strike/dip sym
      >   inclined S2 foliation strike/dip symbol
      >   inclined S4 foliation strike/dip symbol
      >   inclined S5 foliation strike/dip symbol
      >   inclined bedding strike/dip symbol
      >   inverted anticline symbol
      >   left lateral strike-slip symbol
      >   minor horizontal F2 fold symbol
      >   minor horizontal F4 fold symbol
      >   minor plunging F2 fold symbol
      >   minor plunging F4 fold symbol
      >   minor plunging F5 fold symbol
      >   minor solution dome symbol
      >   monocline, lower flexure symbol
      >   monocline, upper flexure symbol
      >   overturned anticline symbol
      >   overturned syncline symbol
      >   plunge arrow
      >   query
      >   right lateral strike-slip symbol
      >   syncline symbol
      >   synform symbol
      >   teepee butte symbol
      >   thrust tooth symbol
      >   top of bed symbol
      >   vertical S2 foliation strike/dip symbol
      >   vertical S5 foliation strike/dip symbol
      >   vertical bedding strike/dip symbol

      Attribution of user-defined items UNIT_SYM and UNIT_NAME in
      coverage blk_line1.aat:
      >   Tp         Phonolitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tql        Quartz latitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tr         Rhyolitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tu         Tertiary intrusive rocks, undivided
      >   Xgb        Metagabbro 
      >   Xgbo       Older metagabbro
      >   Xgby       Younger metagabbro
      >   Xif        Metamorphosed carbonate-facies iron-formation

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in
      coverage blk_line2.aat:
      >   anticline
      >   dome
      >   dome related to Harney Peak Granite
      >   fault
      >   fold where stratigraphic younging unknown
      >   inverted anticline
      >   limit of Harney Peak Granite
      >   major antiform
      >   major synform
      >   minor antiform or synform
      >   monocline, lower flexure
      >   monocline, upper flexure
      >   overturned anticline
      >   overturned syncline
      >   probable thrust
      >   section line
      >   syncline

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in 
      coverage blk_poly1.aat:
      >   color boundary
      >   contact
      >   map boundary
      >   scratch contact
      >   shoreline

      Attribution of user-defined items UNIT_SYM and UNIT_NAME in
      coverage blk_poly1.pat:
      >   Qal     Alluvial deposits
      >   Qc      Colluvium or talus
      >   Ql      Landslide deposits
      >   Qt      Terrace gravel and alluvial-fan deposits
      >   Qw      Windblown sand or loess deposit
      >   Tar     Alkali rhyolitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tbx     Tertiary intrusion breccia
      >   Td      Dacitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tdi     Breccia and layered tuffaceous unit
      >   Tla     Lati-andesite intrusive rocks
      >   Tp      Phonolitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tql     Quartz latitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tqt     Quartz trachytic intrusive rocks
      >   Tr      Rhyolitic intrusive rocks
      >   Tt      Trachytic intrusive rocks
      >   Tu      Tertiary intrusive rocks, undivided
      >   Tw      White River Group
      >   Kb      Belle Fourche Shale
      >   Kc      Carlile Shale
      >   Kf      Fall River Formation
      >   Kfl     Fall River Formation and Lakota Formation, undivided
      >   Kg      Greenhorn Limestone
      >   Kl      Lakota Formation
      >   Km      Mowry Shale
      >   Kms     Mowry Shale, Newcastle Sandstone, and Skull Creek 
                    Shale, undivided
      >   Kn      Niobrara Formation
      >   Knc     Newcastle Sandstone
      >   Kp      Pierre Shale
      >   Ks      Skull Creek Shale
      >   Jmu     Morrison Formation and Unkpapa Sandstone, undivided
      >   Jmus    Morrison Formation and Unkpapa Sandstone and 
                    Sundance and Gypsum Spring Formations, undivided
      >   Jsg     Sundance and Gypsum Spring Formations, undivided
      >   TRPs    Spearfish Formation
      >   TRPso   Spearfish Formation, Minnekahta Limestone, and 
                    Opeche Shale, undivided
      >   Pm      Minnekahta Limestone
      >   Pmo     Minnekahta Limestone and Opeche Shale, undivided
      >   Po      Opeche Shale
      >   PIPm    Minnelusa Formation, undivided
      >   Mp      Pahasapa Limestone
      >   MDe     Englewood Limestone
      >   Oww     Whitewood Dolomite and Winnipeg Formation, undivided 
      >   OCd     Deadwood Formation
      >   Xbc     Quartzite of Boxelder Creek Formation
      >   Xbcg    Metagrit and iron-stained metaconglomerate of 
                    Boxelder Creek Formation
      >   Xbcq    Impure chlorite quartzite and meta-conglomerate of 
                    Boxelder Creek Formation
      >   Xbcs    Chloritic biotite phyllite of Boxelder Creek Formation
      >   Xbd     Blue Draw Metagabbro
      >   Xbi     Benchmark Iron-formation
      >   Xbo     Metamorphosed older basaltic rocks
      >   Xbs1    Metamorphosed black shale
      >   Xbs2    Metamorphosed black shale
      >   Xby     Metamorphosed younger alkalic basalt, tuff, and 
                    volcaniclastic rocks
      >   Xd      Metamorphosed dolomite
      >   Xds     Metamorphosed dolomite and silty pelite
      >   Xec     Metamorphosed conglomerate and quartzite
      >   Xeq     Quartzite
      >   Xfc     Metamorphosed ferruginous chert
      >   Xgb     Metagabbro
      >   Xgbo    Older metagabbro
      >   Xgby    Younger metagabbro
      >   Xgw     Metagraywacke
      >   Xgw1    Metagraywacke unit 1
      >   Xgw2    Metagraywacke unit 2
      >   Xgw3    Metagraywacke unit 3
      >   Xgwd    Distal metagraywacke
      >   Xgwp    Proximal metagraywacke
      >   Xh      Harney Peak Granite
      >   Xif     Metamorphosed carbonate-facies iron-formation
      >   Xmt     Metamorphosed impure mafic tuff
      >   Xqc     Metamorphosed quartzite, debris flow conglomerate, 
                    pelite, and graywacke
      >   Xqg     Metamorphosed quartzite, pelite, and graywacke 
      >   Xqs     Metamorphosed quartzite and pelite
      >   Xq      Metamorphosed quartzite
      >   Xs      Metamorphosed shale
      >   Xsic    Metamorphosed shale, siltstone, carbonate-facies 
                    iron-formation, and chert
      >   Xst     Metamorphosed shale and tuff
      >   Xts     Metamorphosed tuff and shaleq
      >   Xtv     Metamorphosed tuffaceous shale, tuff, and 
                    volcaniclastic rocks
      >   Xu      Early Proterozoic rocks, undivided
      >   Wgr     Granite
      >   Wif     Iron-formation
      >   Wos     Older metasedimentary rocks
      >   Wu      Late Archean rocks, undivided
      >   mine dump or tailings  n/a
      >   water   n/a

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in 
      coverage blk_poly2.aat:
      >   biotite-garnet isograd
      >   concealed isograd
      >   garnet-staurolite isograd
      >   scratch boundary
      >   sillimanite-second sillimanite isograd
      >   staurolite-kyanite isograd
      >   staurolite-sillimanite isograd

      Attribution of user-defined item DESCRIPTION in 
      coverage blk_poly2.pat:
      >   biotite zone
      >   garnet zone
      >   kyanite zone
      >   second sillimanite zone
      >   sillimanite zone
      >   staurolite zone

    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Central Publications Group
        Address: MS 902, Box 25046
        Address: Denver Federal Center
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: Colorado
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (888)ASK-USGS
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: webmaster@geology.cr.usgs.gov

  Distribution_Liability:
    The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides these geographic data "as is".  
    The USGS makes no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of 
    information contained in the geographic data.  The USGS further makes no 
    warranties, either expressed or implied, as to any other matter whatsoever, 
    including, without limitation, the condition of the product, or its fitness 
    for any particular purpose.  The burden for determining fitness for use lies 
    entirely with the user.  Although these datahave been processed successfully 
    on computers at the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the 
    USGS regarding the use of these data on any other system, nor does the fact 
    of distribution constitute or imply any such warranty.

  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Arc/INFO export and ArcView shapefile formats
        Format_Version_Number: ArcInfo version 9.1
        File_Decompression_Technique:
          .tar.gz - UNIX gzip-compressed TAR file - use GNU zip and TAR to
          extract
          .ZIP - Windows ZIP archive - use Winzip, PKZip, or similar
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2777/>
    Fees: None

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S.Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: USGS Information Services
        Address: Box 25286
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: CO
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: United States
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
  Resource_Description: Scientific Investigations Map 2777
  Distribution_Liability: none

  Standard_Order_Process:
    Non-digital_Form:
      Available as two printed sheets plus a 44-page pamphlet.  Order from USGS 
      at the address listed above or see 
      <http://rmmcweb.cr.usgs.gov/pub/mod/order.html/> for more ordering 
      information.
    Fees:
      For current prices please see
      <http://rmmcweb.cr.usgs.gov/public/mod/order.html/>

Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20081229
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Ed DeWitt
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Denver Federal Center, MS 973
        Address: Box 25046
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: Colorado
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 236-5636
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: edewitt@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None