Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Page C. Valentine
      Originator: Jessica L. Baker
      Originator: Tanya S. Unger
      Publication_Date: 2005
      Title: bathy.shp:  Digital vector bathymetric/topographic contours of the sea floor in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region.
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map
        Issue_Identification: 2840
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/bathy/bathy.zip
      Larger_Work_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Page C. Valentine, editor
          Publication_Date: 2005
          Title: Sea Floor Image Maps Showing Topography, Sun-illuminated Topography, Backscatter Intensity, Ruggedness, Slope, and the Distribution of Boulder Ridges and Bedrock Outcrops in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Region off Boston, Massachusetts
          Edition: 1.0
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map
            Issue_Identification: 2840
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
          Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:60,000, 6 maps, 12 sheets
          Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/
  Description:
    Abstract: This data set contains the sea floor topographic contours generated from a multibeam sonar survey of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts, an area of approximately 1100 square nautical miles. The Stellwagen Bank NMS Mapping Project is designed to provide detailed maps of the Stellwagen Bank region's environments and habitats and the first complete multibeam topographic and sea floor characterization maps of a significant region of the shallow EEZ.  Data were collected on four cruises over a two year period from the fall of 1994 to the fall of 1996. The surveys were conducted aboard the Canadian Hydrographic Service vessel Frederick G. Creed, a SWATH (Small Waterplane Twin Hull) ship that surveys at speeds of up to 16 knots. The multibeam data were collected utilizing a Simrad Subsea EM 1000 Multibeam Echo Sounder (95 kHz) that is permanently installed in the hull of the Creed.
    Purpose: Development of interpretive seabed maps, sea floor imagery, and a GIS database that are accessible to scientists, policymakers, managers, and the general public.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 1994
        Ending_Date: 1998
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.021510
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.816685
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.851518
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.666379
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Theme_Keyword: Topographic data
      Theme_Keyword: Sea Floor Topography
      Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry
      Theme_Keyword: Geographic Information Systems
      Theme_Keyword: GIS
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
      Theme_Keyword: USGS
      Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Theme_Keyword: CMGP
      Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center
      Theme_Keyword: WHSC
      Theme_Keyword: Frederick G. Creed
      Theme_Keyword: Swath Bathymetry
      Theme_Keyword: bathymetric contours
      Theme_Keyword: polyline shapefile
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries
      Theme_Keyword: elevation
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
      Place_Keyword: SBNMS
      Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
      Place_Keyword: Gulf of Maine
      Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
      Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Bay
      Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Bay
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints:
    Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution.  Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.

    Bathymetry is not to be used for navigational purposes.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Research Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/bathy/bathy-thumb.gif
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Thumbnail image showing extent and location of bathymetric contours in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region.
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/bathy/bathy-browse.gif
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Browse image showing extent and location of bathymetric contours in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region.
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Page C. Valentine
      Originator: Tammie J. Middleton
      Originator: Sarah J. Fuller
      Publication_Date: 2001
      Title: Sea floor maps showing topography, sun-illuminated topography, and backscatter intensity of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts
      Edition: 1.01
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Open-File Report
        Issue_Identification: 00-410
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/of00-410/
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Page C. Valentine
      Originator: Jessica L. Baker
      Originator: Tanya S. Unger
      Publication_Date: 2003
      Title: Sea floor topography of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Geologic Investigations Map
        Issue_Identification: I-2676-A
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Page C. Valentine
      Originator: Tanya S. Unger
      Originator: Jessica L. Baker
      Publication_Date: 2003
      Title: Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Geologic Investigations Map
        Issue_Identification: I-2676-B
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Page C. Valentine
      Originator: Tanya S. Unger
      Originator: Jessica L. Baker
      Publication_Date: 2003
      Title: Backscatter intensity and sun-illuminated sea floor topography of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Geologic Investigations Map
        Issue_Identification: I-2676-C
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The ship's position was determined with an accuracy of 10 m or better using a Magnavox 4200 geographic positioning system (GPS) receiver in conjunction with differential GPS corrections transmitted by U.S. Coast Guard radio beacons.  Sound velocity information was updated during the day whenever the survey moved from one area to another. Tidal corrections based on NOAA's Boston tide gauge were used to reference depth data to mean lower low water.  Sounding rates depend on water depth but vary from 2 to 4 per second in water depths less than 100 meters. Horizontal spatial resolution at these sounding rates is on the order of 10% of the water depth at 16 knots; however, vertical resolution is approximately 1% or better in the same depth range.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on the data.
  Completeness_Report: The bathymetric data are displayed in real time on the Sun workstation using software designed and written by the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick. This display allows data gaps to be identified during the survey and also gives a measure of the data quality.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Sounding rates depend on water depth but vary from 2 to 4 per second in water depths less than 100 meters. Horizontal spatial resolution at these sounding rates is on the order of 10% of the water depth at 16 knots; however, vertical resolution is approximately 1% or better in the same depth range.
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Sounding rates depend on water depth but vary from 2 to 4 per second in water depths less than 100 meters. Horizontal spatial resolution at these sounding rates is on the order of 10% of the water depth at 16 knots; however, vertical resolution is approximately 1% or better in the same depth range.
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The navigation and topographic data were both processed using SwathEd, a suite of bathymetric and multibeam software editing and display tools developed by Dr. John Hughes Clarke of the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick (UNB). Tidal corrections were obtained from NOAA's Boston Tide Gauge (Station 8443970) and merged into the data set using UNB's tidal routines. The topographic information was converted into an ASCII text file containing lat, long, and depth fields, using a script created by Bill Danforth at the U.S. Geological Survey. The ASCII file was brought into Arc/Info, and a grid was generated and processed using ESRI's Arc/Info version 7.0.4 software. A point coverage containing depth values was created using the routine point-generate.  The grid was created based on the depth values for each of the points using the command pointgrid. The grid was filtered with a 9 by 9 focalmedian filter. Contours were generated using latticecontour. All editing and edgematching was done by hand using arcedit.
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
  Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 2335
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: Mercator
        Mercator:
          Standard_Parallel: 41.650000
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -70.316667
          False_Easting: 0.000000
          False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000256
          Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000256
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
      Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: bathy
      Entity_Type_Definition: Shapefile Attribute Table
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: ESRI
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: FID
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Shape
      Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: FNODE_
      Attribute_Definition: From-node identifier of linear feature carried over from Arc/Info processing and the Arc/Info attribute FNODE_. It is an ArcInfo internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Software Computed
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 10
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 2633
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: integer count
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: TNODE_
      Attribute_Definition: To-node identifier of linear feature carried over from Arc/Info processing and the Arc/Info attribute TNODE_. It is an ArcInfo internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Software Computed
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 2634
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: integer count
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: LPOLY_
      Attribute_Definition: Internal number of polygon to left of arc carried over from Arc/Info processing and the Arc/Info attribute LPOLY_. It is an ArcInfo internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Software Computed
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -1
          Range_Domain_Maximum: -1
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: integer count
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: RPOLY_
      Attribute_Definition: Internal number of polygon to right of arc carried over from Arc/Info processing and the Arc/Info attribute RPOLY_. It is an ArcInfo internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Software Computed
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -1
          Range_Domain_Maximum: -1
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: integer count
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: LENGTH
      Attribute_Definition: Length of the line in native units
      Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 35.215
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 116472.308
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .001
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: BATHYMER_
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: CONTOUR
      Attribute_Definition: Depth of bathymetric contour.  Values are in meters above sea level, so all values are negative.  Double of width 13, but values are integer.  Another attribute "INTERVAL" contains the same data stored as an integer.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -270
          Range_Domain_Maximum: -5
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: .000
      Attribute_Measurement_Frequency: 5 m
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: INTERVAL
      Attribute_Definition: Depth of bathymetric contour, in meters above sea level.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: -270
          Range_Domain_Maximum: -5
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 5
      Attribute_Measurement_Frequency: 5 m
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Research Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability:
    Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data.
    
    Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: SHP
        Format_Version_Number: 3.3
        Format_Specification: ESRI shapefile
        Format_Information_Content: The SHP file contains the geospatial data. The SHX file contains the index of the geospatial data. The DBF file contains the attribute data in dBASE format. The PRJ file contains the coordinate system information (optional). The AVL file contains the legend information (optional). The SBN and SBX files contain the spatial index of the geospatial data (optional). The XML file contains the metadata describing the data set <data set name>.shp.xml.  An ASCII version of the metadata file.  A browse graphic showing the data layer coverage and extent (optional).
        File_Decompression_Technique: zip
        Transfer_Size: 1.985
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/bathy/bathy.zip
        Offline_Option:
          Offline_Media: DVD-ROM
          Recording_Capacity:
            Recording_Density: 4.75
            Recording_Density_Units: Gbytes
          Recording_Format: UDF
    Fees: None
  Technical_Prerequisites: These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefile format.  The user must have ArcGIS® or ArcView® 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file.  In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of the importing data.  A free data viewer, arcexplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20050822
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20050822
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
      Contact_Position: Research Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
