Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Daniel V. Malmon
      Originator: Keith A. Howard
      Originator: Susan S. Priest
      Publication_Date: 2009
      Title: Geologic Map of the Needles 7.5' Quadrangle, California and Arizona
      Edition: Version 1.0
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map
        Issue_Identification: 3062
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3062
  Description:
    Abstract:
      This digital map database, compiled from unpublished data and new mapping, contains data used to produce the Geologic Map of the Needles 7.5' Quadrangle, California and Arizona.  Geologic features that were mapped as part of this project include:  geologic contacts, surficial geologic units, erosional scarps, bedding measurements, paleosols, tephra, and auger holes.  Data were collected using field investigations, aerial photographs, and satellite images.  This information was then digitized directly into ArcMap feature classes.

      The Needles quadrangle straddles the Colorado River in the southern part of Mohave Valley, in Mohave County, Arizona, and San Bernardino County, California.  The map and accompanying pamphlet depict stratigraphy of the Colorado River and local gravel deposits, distribution of sedimentary materials on the valley floor of the Colorado River, and flood hazards of the California and Arizona piedmonts.  The eastern and western portions of the map consist of far-traveled sediments deposited by the ancestral Colorado River, interlayered with piedmont gravels derived from the nearby Black and Sacramento Mountains.  The center of the quadrangle consists of segregated deposits of sand, silt, and clay deposited by the Colorado River during historic and late prehistoric time.

      Note:  This metadata report provides an overview of the data in this geodatabase.  Refer to metadata within each feature class (with the exception of annotation feature classes) for detailed Spatial Data Organization, Data Quality, and Entity Attribute information.
    Purpose: This mapping was conducted as part of an effort to improve the spatial coverage of surficial geologic materials in the rapidly developing Colorado River valley, to better constrain flood hazards in the region, and to improve the understanding of the history of the Colorado River.  The map was completed with cooperation from the Fort Mojave Indian Tribe, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Havasu National Wildlife Refuge), and local landowners.  The map and accompanying pamphlet are intended to be of use both in the scientific community and within the context of resource management activities by landowners and stakeholders in the area, including the Ft. Mojave Tribe, the Havasu National Wildlife Refuge, the state of Arizona, the municipality of Needles, the Bureau of Land Management, and multiple state and national transportation authorities and railroads.
    Supplemental_Information:
      The structure of this geodatabase and its associated feature classes, as well as the feature class naming conventions, loosely follows The National Park Service Geologic Resources Evaluation Geology-GIS Geodatabase Data Model (DRAFT, V. 1.2), which can be found at: http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/inventory/geology/GeologyGISDataModel.htm

      This geodatabase includes the following:
          Feature classes:
            geologic contacts (needlesglg_arc)
            geologic unit labels (needlesglg_pt)
            geologic unit polygons (needlesglg_poly)
            bedding measurements (needlesatd)
            paleosol and tephra (needles_gpt)
            scarps (needles_scarp)
            auger holes (needles_auger_holes)

          Annotation feature classes:
            geologic unit annotation (needlesglg_ptAnno)
            bedding annotation (needlesatdAnno)

          Relationship classes:
            needlesglg_ptAnno - links neeedlesglg_pt to needlesglg_ptAnno
            needlesatdAnno - links needlesatd to needlesatdAnno
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 2007
        Ending_Date: 2008
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.628584
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.496222
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.877506
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.747498
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Theme_Keyword: geologic map
      Theme_Keyword: surficial geology
      Theme_Keyword: hydrology
      Theme_Keyword: habitat restoration
      Theme_Keyword: buried calcic soil
      Theme_Keyword: scarp
      Theme_Keyword: tephra
      Theme_Keyword: auger holes
      Theme_Keyword: bedding measurments
      Theme_Keyword: geologic contacts
      Theme_Keyword: geologic units
      Theme_Keyword: geologic unit labels
      Theme_Keyword: flood control
      Theme_Keyword: paleosol
      Theme_Keyword: erosional scarp
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Place_Keyword: Basin and Range geologic province
      Place_Keyword: Mohave County
      Place_Keyword: San Bernardino County
      Place_Keyword: Fort Mojave Indian Reservation
      Place_Keyword: Havasu National Wildlife Refuge
      Place_Keyword: Arizona
      Place_Keyword: California
      Place_Keyword: USA
  Access_Constraints: none
  Use_Constraints: Not for use at scales greater than 1:24,000.  Any derivative products utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source.  If users modify the data in any way they are obligated to describe the types of modifications they have performed.  User specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes they made were approved by the U.S. Geological Survey.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Daniel Malmon
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 345 Middlefield Rd.; MS 973
        City: Menlo Park
        State_or_Province: California
        Postal_Code: 94025
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-4934
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-5490
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dmalmon@usgs.gov
  Data_Set_Credit: Surficial geologic mapping was conducted by Daniel Malmon, with contributions from Keith Howard.  The digital geodatabase and metadata were prepared by Sue Priest and Daniel Malmon.  Tracey Felger provided early GIS support and advice on digital map making.  The map and manuscript greatly benefited from reviews by Richard Hereford and Dave Miller of the U.S. Geological Survey, and John Bell, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology.  Digital review was provided by Tracey Felger.
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.5.1450
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Geologic features in this geodatabase were symbolized based on attributes and plotted at 1:24,000-scale, then visually reviewed for accuracy by the author.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: This geodatabase has been reviewed and is considered to be error-free.  All features have attributes.  Each line segment has a length and directionality that is appropriate for the geologic feature it depicts.  No sliver polygons are present.
  Completeness_Report: This geodatabase is considered complete.  All geologic features depicted on the source maps were digitized and attributed.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
        Most of the geologic features in this database are considered to be accurately located and within +/- 5 meters of their actual location on the topographic base map.  Accuracy diminishes in areas where the topography is either flat or very steep, or where the geologic feature of interest is difficult to discern.  The 1:24,000 topographic maps and corresponding Digital Raster Graphics (DRGs) used as the primary base for this project were assumed to meet National Map Accuracy Standard of +/- 12 meters.

        Note:  Refer to metadata for each feature class for detailed information about the positional accuracy of features.
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Mapping was accomplished using a combination of field investigations, aerial photographs (1938, 1947, 1969, 1972, 2004) and satellite images (MASTER 1999).  Geologic data was then heads-up digitized over georeferenced orthophotographs (2004), MASTER data, and topographic maps (1902, 1950, 1975) using ArcMap version 9.2. The ArcCatalog process "Create new polygon feature class from lines and points" was used to create geologic unit polygons from digitized contacts (needlesglg_arc) and unit labels (needlesglg_pt).  Each feature class was symbolized based on attributes and edited as needed to achieve an error-free database.
      Process_Date: 2007-2008
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 11
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
            False_Easting: 500000.000000
            False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000100
          Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000100
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
      Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698
  Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.000100
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needles_buried_soil
      Entity_Type_Definition: Buried soil (paleosol)
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needles_scarp
      Entity_Type_Definition: Erosional scarps
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needles_tephra
      Entity_Type_Definition: Tephra
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needles_auger_holes
      Entity_Type_Definition: Auger holes
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needlesatd
      Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic structure data
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needlesglg_arc
      Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic contacts
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needlesglg_poly
      Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic unit polygons
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needlesglg_pt
      Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic unit labels
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needlesatdAnno
      Entity_Type_Definition: Attitude annotation for display and plotting
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: needlesglg_ptAnno
      Entity_Type_Definition: Geologic unit annotation for display and plotting
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Information Services
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Box 25286 Denver Federal Center
        City: Denver
        State_or_Province: Colorado
        Postal_Code: 80225
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ask@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability:
    The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides these geographic data "as is."  The USGS makes no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of information contained in the geographic data.  The USGS further makes no warranties, either expressed or implied as to any other matter whatsoever, including, without limitation, the condition of the product, or its fitness for any particular purpose.  The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user.  Although these data have been processed successfully on computers at the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS regarding the use of these data on any other system, nor does the fact of distribution constitute or imply any such warranty.

    In no event shall the USGS have any liability whatsoever for payment of any consequential, incidental, indirect, special, or tort damages of any kind, including, but not limited to, any loss of profits arising out of use of or reliance on the geographic data or arising out of delivery, installation, operation, or support by USGS.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: ArcGIS Personal Geodatabase
        Format_Version_Number: 9.2
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3062
    Fees: none
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20090112
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20081024
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Susan S. Priest
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 2255 N. Gemini Dr.
        City: Flagstaff
        State_or_Province: Arizona
        Postal_Code: 86001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 928-556-7148
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 928-556-7169
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: spriest@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: none
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: none
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile