Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: David W. Moore Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Geologic map of the Edwards aquifer and related rocks in northeastern Kinney and southernmost Edwards Counties, south-central Texas Edition: version 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: SIM 3105 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3105 Description: Abstract: This report describes rock units, structure, and paleogeographic setting of Comanchean and Gulfian Series Cretaceous strata in Kinney County, south-central Texas. The strata, consisting mainly of limestone and dolostone of the Edwards aquifer (Salmon Peak Limestone, McKnight Formation, West Nueces Formation, and Devils River Limestone) and confining rock units above (Austin Chalk, Eagle Ford Formation, Buda Limestone, and Del Rio Formation) and below it (Glen Rose Formation), total more than 400 m in thickness and dip gently southward (seaward). These units formed in the Maverick Basin, which was located on the marine Comanche shelf during the Albian through Santonian ages. The mapping units are lithostratigraphic formations and members having hydrostratigraphic characteristics that store and facilitate flow of groundwater through them, or impede groundwater movement. Thus the map serves as a framework for groundwater modeling studies of the aquifer. Types of Late Cretaceous marine depositional environments in and near the Maverick Basin such as lagoons, rudistid reefs, or tidal flats, in which the rocks originated are generally described to illuminate how facies of the rock units vary laterally in the map area today. The facies bear on whether the mapped rock units behave as aquifers or confining units. Purpose: The Edwards aquifer in Texas is the most prolific carbonate aquifer in south-central Texas. It supplies water to agriculture, industry, military, natural ecosystems and potable water to more than 2 million people in the region. Increasing withdrawals of groundwater necessitate long-term management of the aquifer, which in turn requires understanding of its recharge/discharge dynamics. Ground-water models (for example ModFlow) are being employed by other researchers for this purpose. The models require accurate geologic maps and well data. This geologic map depicts the geologic framework of a part of the aquifer. This map completes a continuous geologic map of outcrops of the Edwards aquifer and confining units westward from San Antonio. Supplemental_Information: Compilation scale: 1:50,000 DATASETS INCLUDED IN THIS GEOSPATIAL DATABASE: Geology Feature Dataset: kinney_geo - geologic unit polygon kinney_lines -contacts and faults kinney_pnts-geologic point features--bedding, azimuth and dip of fault locations, and reference section points. kinney_folds-fold axes kinney_dikes-dikes Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2009 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -100.425712 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -100.134816 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.554623 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.315167 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: AGI Glossary of Geology Theme_Keyword: Comanche shelf Theme_Keyword: Comanchean rocks Theme_Keyword: Gulfian rocks Theme_Keyword: Late Cretaceous Epoch Theme_Keyword: marine carbonate rocks Theme_Keyword: Albian Theme_Keyword: Cenomanian Theme_Keyword: Turonian Theme_Keyword: Coniacian Theme_Keyword: Santonian Theme_Keyword: Devils River Formation Theme_Keyword: Austin Chalk Theme_Keyword: Eagle Ford Formation Theme_Keyword: Boquillas Formation Theme_Keyword: Buda Limestone Theme_Keyword: Del Rio Formation Theme_Keyword: Salmon Peak Limestone Theme_Keyword: McKnight Formation Theme_Keyword: West Nueces Formation Theme_Keyword: basal nodular unit Theme_Keyword: basal transgressive unit Theme_Keyword: Edwards aquifer Theme_Keyword: upper confining unit Theme_Keyword: rudistid reef Theme_Keyword: tempestites Theme_Keyword: Rotalipora evoluta Theme_Keyword: Graysonites Theme_Keyword: Ilymatogyra arietina Theme_Keyword: Exogyra arietina Theme_Keyword: Texigryphaea graysonana Theme_Keyword: Belonostomus Theme_Keyword: Inoceramus Theme_Keyword: mililite-olivine nephelinite Theme_Keyword: olivine nephelinite Theme_Keyword: analcite phonolite Theme_Keyword: nepheline basanite Theme_Keyword: marine volcanism Theme_Keyword: dikes Theme_Keyword: sills Theme_Keyword: bosses Theme_Keyword: plugs Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) Place_Keyword: Texas Place_Keyword: south-central Texas Place_Keyword: Kinney County Place_Keyword: Edwards County Place_Keyword: Maverick Basin Place_Keyword: Brackettville Place_Keyword: Salmon Peak Place_Keyword: West Nueces River Place_Keyword: Kickapoo Caverns Place_Keyword: Silver Lake Place_Keyword: Bull Waterhole Place_Keyword: Montell Place_Keyword: Pinto Mountain Place_Keyword: Bracketville NE Place_Keyword: Laguna Place_Keyword: Elm Mountain Place_Keyword: Turkey Mountain Place_Keyword: Mustang Waterhole Place_Keyword: Odlaw Place_Keyword: Val Verde County Place_Keyword: Fort Clark Springs Place_Keyword: Las Moras Springs Place_Keyword: Alamo Village Place_Keyword: Las Moras Creek Place_Keyword: Las Moras Mountain Place_Keyword: Grass Valley Place_Keyword: Pinto Creek Place_Keyword: Devils River Place_Keyword: Stuart City Reef Place_Keyword: Coahuila Platform Place_Keyword: Del Rio Place_Keyword: ancestral Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Balcones Escarpment Place_Keyword: West Gulf Coastal Plain Place_Keyword: Arenosa Creek Place_Keyword: Spofford Place_Keyword: Edwards Plateau Place_Keyword: U.S.A. Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: None.Users of this geospatial database and geologic information derived there from should acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of the data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: David W. Moore Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: USGS, MS 980, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1271 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-236-0214 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dwmoore@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2009 Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphical representation of the map Browse_Graphic_File_Type: pdf Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1. ArcMap/ArcInfo version 9.2 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Data were entered by GIS technician and authors and checked by the geologist that made the field observations. The attributes of this geospatial data set consist of text identifiers and numeric codes that indicate the identity of the geologic unit or type of geologic feature and determine how each feature is symbolized. Logical_Consistency_Report: Map elements were visually checked for overshoots, undershoots, duplicate features, polygon closure, and other errors by the author and by the GIS technician(s) that created the digital database. Automated routines were also used to check the databases for polygon label errors, line or point attribution errors, sliver polygons, dangling arcs, intersection errors, and projection information. Check plots of the map were reviewed by at least two other geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general conformity to USGS mapping standards. Completeness_Report: No features that could be accurately represented at a scale of 1:24,000 were eliminated or generalized.  The smallest area represented is approximately 95 square meters.  All geospatial database elements are attributed. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Most digitized positions on the map that depict distinct contacts between geologic units in the field are estimated to be within 30 m of the actual contact on the land in most instances.  Boundaries (lines) between Quaternary units (for example, terrace gravels) that correspond closely to distinct edges of landforms (for example, river terraces) are of comparable accuracy.  Boundaries (lines) between some Quaternary units, such as broad alluvial fans, are approximately located within an gradational zone of perhaps 50-100 m width between them.  Horizontal positional accuracy is tested by visual comparison of hard copy test plots to source maps or comparing locations of data on a computer monitor to other data layers in the same geographic area are approximately located within an gradational zone of perhaps 50-100 m width between them.  Horizontal positional accuracy is tested by visual comparison of hard copy test plots to source maps or comparing locations of data on a computer monitor to other data layers in the same geographic area. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Bennett, R.R. Originator: Sayre, A.N. Publication_Date: 1962 Title: Geology and ground-water resources of Kinney County Series_Information: Series_Name: Texas: Texas Water Commission Bulletin 6216 Issue_Identification: Bulletin 6216, p 163 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1962 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Bennett and Sayre(1962) Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Blome, C.D. Originator: Faith, J.R. Originator: Pedraza, D.E. Originator: Ozuna, G.B. Originator: Cole, J.C. Originator: Clark, A.K. Originator: Small, T.A. Originator: Morris, R.R. Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Geologic map of the Edwards aquifer recharge zone, south-central Texas Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: SIM 2873 Source_Scale_Denominator: 200000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2005 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Blome and others (2005) Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Clark, A.K. Publication_Date: 2003 Title: Geologic framework and hydrogeologic characteristics of the Edwards aquifer, Uvalde County, Texas Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigation Report Issue_Identification: WRI 03-4010, 17 p. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Clark (2003) Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Lozo, F.E. Originator: Smith, C.I. Publication_Date: 1964 Title: Revision of Comanche Cretaceous stratigraphic nomenclature, southern Edwards Plateau, southwest Texas Series_Information: Series_Name: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions Issue_Identification: v. 14, p. 285-306 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1964 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Lozo and Smith (1964) Source_Contribution: geologic features Process_Step: Process_Description: The geology for the map was compiled 2005 by David W. Moore. Digital map database by Paco Van Sistine and Lyndsay A. Hazen. Process_Date: 2009 Process_Step: Process_Description: The map data were digitized in Arcedit and saved as shapefiles. The original shapefiles were imported into ARCGIS 9.2.0, converted to feature classes, and stored in a file geodatabase. Polygon topology was built and text map descriptors were added to each feature class. Process_Date: 2009 Process_Step: Process_Description: Draft check plots of the geologic map and explanation were created and submitted for peer review. Geologists reviewed the plots for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. Revisions were made to the geospatial database as needed. Process_Date: 2009 Process_Step: Process_Description: First draft of metadata created by Lyndsay A. Hazen using FGDC ESRI in the ArcCatalog Sofware. Process_Date: 2009 Process_Step: Process_Description: The database files, metadata, and check plots were edited by the USGS Enterprise Publishing Network, and revisions made to the geospatial database as needed. Process_Date: 2009 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 14N Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -99.00 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: DATASETS: Geology Feature Dataset: kinney_geo kinney_lines kinney_pnts kinney_folds kinney_dikes kinney_geo Explanation of fields: UNIT-Short geologic unit name DESCRIPTION-Short geologic unit explanation AGE-Age of geologic unit Fields included in Attribute Table: type, length OBJECT ID: Object ID SHAPE: Geometry/Polygon UNIT: String, 20 DESCRIPTION String, 100 AGE: String, 100 SHAPE AREA: Double SHAPE LENGTH: Double Description of geologic units included in dataset: UNIT DESCRIPTION AGE af Artificial fill modern Kau Austin Chalk Upper Cretaceous, Santonian-Coniacian Kbu Buda Limestone Upper Cretaceous, Turonian-Cenomanian Kdr Del Rio Formation Upper Cretaceous, Cenomanian Kdvr Devils River Limestone Lower Cretaceous, Albian Kef Eagle Ford Formation Upper Cretaceous, Turonian Kgr Glen Rose Formation Lower Cretaceous, lower Albian Ki Igneous intrusive rocks Late Cretaceous Km McKnight Formation, undivided Lower Cretaceous, Albian Kml McKnight Formation, Lower member Lower Cretaceous Albian Kmm McKnight Formation, Middle member Lower Cretaceous Albian Kmu McKnight Formation, Upper member Lower Cretaceous Albian Ksp Salmon Peak Limestone Lower Cretaceous, upper Albian Kwn West Nueces Formation Lower Cretaceous, Albian Qaf Fan alluvium Holocene and late Pleistocene Qal Alluvium Holocene and late Pleistocene Qc Colluvium Holocene and late Pleistocene Ql Leona Formation Pleistocene Qls Landslide Deposit Holocene and late Pleistocene Qt Terrace alluvium late Pleistocene kinney_lines Explanation of fields: DESCRIPTION-Short explanation of line feature using digital cartographic standard Fields included in Attribute Table: type, length OBJECT ID: Object ID SHAPE: Geometry/Line DESCRIPTION String, 100 SHAPE LENGTH: Double Description of line features included in dataset: DESCRIPTON: Contact-certain Gradational contact Map border Normal fault-approximately located Normal fault-approximately located, displacement unknown Normal fault-certain Normal fault-certain, displacement unknown Normal fault-concealed Normal fault-concealed, displacement unknown Sinkhole Terrace scarp-certain kinney_pnts Explanation of fields: DESCRIPTION-Short explanation of point feature using digital cartographic standard DIP-Angle of fault plane inclination, in degrees from horitonzal (0-90) AZIMUTH-Compass direction of fault plane trend, in degrees (0-359) Fields included in Attribute Table: type, length OBJECT ID: Object ID SHAPE: Geometry/Point DESCRIPTION String, 100 DIP: String, 5 AZIMUTH: Short Integer, 5 Description of point features included in dataset: DESCRIPTION Horizontal bedding Inclined bedding-showing strike and dip Inclined bedding-showing strike and dip, approximately located Inclined fault-showing dip value and direction M1- Outcrop reference section, Mcknight Formation (Lozo and Smith, 1964) WN I Type section- West Nueces Formation (Lozo and Smith, 1964) WN II Type section-West Nueces Formation (Lozo and Smith, 1964) kinney_folds Explanation of fields: DESCRIPTION-Short explanation of fold feature using digital cartographic standard Fields included in Attribute Table: type, length OBJECT ID: Object ID SHAPE: Geometry/Line DESCRIPTION String, 100 SHAPE LENGTH: Double Description of fold features included in dataset: DESCRIPTION Anticline-certain Anticline-concealed Monocline-certain Monocline-concealed Syncline-approximately located Syncline-certain kinney_dikes Explanation of fields: DESCRIPTION-Short explanation of dike feature using digital cartographic standard Fields included in Attribute Table: type, length OBJECT ID: Object ID SHAPE: Geometry/Line DESCRIPTION String, 100 SHAPE LENGTH: Double Description of dike features included in dataset: DESCRIPTION Dike-certain Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: USGS Information Services, Box 25286 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225-0046 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: http://ask.usgs.gov Resource_Description: Scientific Investigations Map 3105 Distribution_Liability: This database, identified as SIM3105, has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty, expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains copyrighted material as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items for other than personal use must be secured from the copyright owner. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: Available as one printed sheet plus one pamphlet. Order from USGS at address above or see for more ordering information. Fees: For current charges please see website http://store.usgs.gov/public/mod/order.html Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geologic Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: USGS Information Services, Box 25286 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225-0046 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: http://ask.usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: This database, identified as SIM3105, has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty, expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains copyrighted material as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items for other than personal use must be secured from the copyright owner. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ArcGIS Geodatabase, Shapefile Format_Version_Number: Arc 9.2 File_Decompression_Technique: GZIP compressed TAR file (Unix), ZIP archive (Windows) Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3105 Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20090915 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Paco Van Sistine Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Denver Federal Center Address: MS 980, Box 25046 DFC City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-5452 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dsistine@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: none Metadata_Use_Constraints: none