Geologic Map of the Ganiki Planitia Quadrangle (V-14), Venus

Metadata also available as

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Eric B. Grosfils
Originator: Sylvan M. Long
Originator: Elizabeth M. Venechuk
Originator: Debra M. Hurwitz
Originator: Joseph W. Richards
Originator: Brian Kastl
Originator: Dorothy Drury
Originator: Johanna Hardin
Publication_Date: 2011
Title: Geologic Map of the Ganiki Planitia Quadrangle (V-14), Venus
Edition: 1
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map
Issue_Identification: 3121
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA
Publisher: U. S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details: Geology Department, Pomona College, Claremont, California
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3121/>
Description:
Abstract:
The Ganiki Planitia (V14) quadrangle on Venus, which extends from 25°N to 50°N and from 180°E to 210°E, derives its name from the extensive suite of plains which dominate the geology of the northern part of the region. The geology of the V14 quadrangle is characterized by a complex array of volcanic, tectonic and impact-derived features. There are eleven impact craters with diameters from 4 to 64 km, as well as four diffuse "splotch" features interpreted to be the product of near-surface bolide explosions. Tectonic activity has produced heavily deformed tesserae, belts of complex deformation and rifts as well as a distributed system of fractures and wrinkle ridges. Volcanic activity has produced extensive regional plains deposits, and in the northwest corner of the quadrangle these plains host the initial (or terminal) 700 km of the Baltis Vallis canali, an enigmatic volcanic feature which, at a net length of ~7000 km, is the longest channel on Venus. Major volcanic centers in V14 include eight large volcanoes and eight coronae; all but one of these sixteen features was noted during a previous global survey. Finally, the quadrangle contains an abundance of minor volcanic features including individual shield volcanoes and localized fissure eruptions as well as many small annular structures and domes which often serve as the source for local lava flows.
Purpose:
Interpretation of the geology of the Ganiki Planitia Quadrangle (v-14), Venus
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2011
Currentness_Reference: publication date
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -180.000000
East_Bounding_Coordinate: 180.000000
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 51.033239
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 23.586297
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Geology
Theme_Keyword: Structure
Theme_Keyword: Volcano
Theme_Keyword: Tesserae
Theme_Keyword: Venus
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints: none
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U. S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: Box 85286 Federal Center
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 928-556-7100
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 928-556-7104
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ktanaka@usgs.gov
Data_Set_Credit:
Grosfils, E.B., Long, S.M., Venechuk, E.M., Hurwitz, D.M., Richards, J.W., Kastl, Brian, Drury, D.E., and Hardin, Johanna, 2011, Geologic map of the Ganiki Planitia quadrangle (V-14), Venus: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3121.
Security_Information:
Security_Classification: Unclassified
Native_Data_Set_Environment: ArcGIS 9.3.1
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Attributes are known to be consistent with author's intent
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Author interpretation for the geology of v-14 Ganiki Planitia quadrangle
Completeness_Report: Complete
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Accuracy is dependant on the Magellan synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the surface. Radar imaging and altimetric and radiometric mapping of the venusian surface were done in mission cycles 1, 2, and 3, from September 1990 until September 1992. Ninety-eight percent of the surface was mapped with radar resolution of approximately 120 meters. The SAR observations were projected to a 75-m nominal horizontal resolution; these full-resolution data compose the image base used in geologic mapping. The primary polarization mode was horizontal-transmit, horizontal-receive (HH), but additional data for selected areas were collected for the vertical polarization sense. Incidence angles varied from about 20° to 45°.
High-resolution Doppler tracking of the spacecraft was done from September 1992 through October 1994 (mission cycles 4, 5, 6). High-resolution gravity observations from about 950 orbits were obtained between September 1992 and May 1993, while Magellan was in an elliptical orbit with a periapsis near 175 kilometers and an apoapsis near 8,000 kilometers. Observations from an additional 1,500 orbits were obtained following orbitcircularization in mid-1993. These data exist as a 75° by 75° harmonic field.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The topography data produced by this technique have horizontal footprint sizes of about 10km near periapsis and a vertical resolution of approximately 100 m. The Fresnel reflectivity data provide a comparison to the emissivity maps, and the rms slope parameter is an indicator of the surface tilts, which contribute to the quasi-specular scattering component.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The construction and analysis of the 1:5M scale map of the Ganiki Planitia quadrangle on Venus was performed using ArcView GIS software by ESRI, beginning with ArcView 3.1 and ending in ArcView 9.2. Magellan Cycle 1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, with incidence angles ranging from 33.0-43.5° (Campbell, 1995), were used as the mapping base. Initial definition of map units was performed using full resolution 75 m/pixel FMAP images, mapped onto a Venus datum in sinusoidal projection, and standard mapping techniques (e.g., Wilhelms, 1990) adjusted as necessary to accommodate both the interpretive challenges created when radar interacts with a planetary surface as well as the goals and scale of the mapping project (cf. Ford and others, 1989, 1993; Tanaka, 1994; Hansen, 2000). Material units were defined principally on the basis of their relative radar backscatter properties plus superposition and crosscutting relationships, and synthetic stereo images (Kirk and others, 1992) with 10x vertical exaggeration proved particularly useful for resolving the interplay between plains units and topography and hence for contact characterization. Contacts are defined as either certain, uncertain or approximate. A contact labeled 'certain' is normally characterized by a sharp transition between adjacent units, sometimes topographically controlled. This label is used conservatively, and is intended to denote a unit boundary we identify and locate with a high degree of confidence. In some instances, the robustness of a 'certain' contact was tested by having multiple authors map the same area to assess whether different mappers would place the contact in the same location. A contact labeled 'uncertain' is one that shows a high degree of variability in placement between mappers, one that connects two 'certain' contacts across an area where the contact is less well defined, or one which is gradational or approximate in location. As an example of the latter, where thin deposits of pr2 onlap onto older pr1 materials in an area with very little topography, the demarcation between the two is ill defined and so constrained to a zone rather than a specific linear contact, and thus the boundary between the two is only placed in a general way. Once defined, the material units and contacts were digitally transferred to a 250 m/pixel SAR base map image, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Lambert Conformal Conic projection, and the robustness of the defined units was evaluated using additional georeferenced Magellan datasets obtained from the USGS, including altimetry, emissivity, reflectivity and RMS-slope data. Secondary datasets, such as point-to-point slope maps at the ~4.6 km/pixel resolution of the altimetry datasets, were also constructed for use during subsequent geological analysis. Major structural features were mapped at 250 m/pixel resolution, but interpretation of these features and the nature of their crosscutting and superposition relationships was enhanced through digital transfer onto the higher resolution sinusoidal imagery; such transfers within ArcView, including on-the-fly reprojection, can be accomplished through simple cut-and-paste operations, making integrated use of high resolution SAR imagery for interpretation and lower resolution data for the regional synthesis of information very straightforward. For clarity, not all mapped structural features are shown in the final map; instead, they are depicted in a representative fashion, largely limited to mapped structures greater than 30 km in length.
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Eric B. Grosfils
Cloud_Cover: 100
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 200
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Conformal Conic
Lambert_Conformal_Conic:
Standard_Parallel: 34.000000
Standard_Parallel: 73.000000
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 195.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 90.000000
False_Easting: 0.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000100
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000100
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: Venus_1985
Ellipsoid_Name: Venus_1985
Semi-major_Axis: 6051000.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: infinity
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Resolution: 0.000100
Altitude_Encoding_Method:
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Material_Units_V14
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: unit_type
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Name
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Symbol
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: bl
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: deformation belt
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: c
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: impact crater
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: cf
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: crater deposit
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: co
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: corona rim
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: cof
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: corona flows
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: fe
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: volcano edifice flows
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pG
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ganis Chasma plains
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pLh
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Lahevhev hummocky plains
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pLl
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Lahevhev lineated plains
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: ph
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: homogeneous plains
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pl
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: lineated plains
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pr1
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: regional plains, 1
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pr2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: regional plains, 2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pr3
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: regional plains, 3
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: ps
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: shield plains
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: t
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: tessera
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pr2_al
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: regional plains, 2 airburst location
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pr3_al
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: regional plains, 3 airburst location
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Unit_Name
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Area_km2
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Latitude
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Longitude
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape_Length
Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape_Area
Attribute_Definition: Area of feature in internal units squared.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U. S. Geologic Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: USGS Information Services
Address: Box 25286
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-202-4200
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-202-4695
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: infoservices@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions: Publication is also available on-line at: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/>
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File_Decompression_Technique: zip
Transfer_Size: 0.719
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Network_Resource_Name: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3121/>
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Time_Period_Information:
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Calendar_Date: 2009
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20110516
Metadata_Review_Date: 2009810
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Contact_Organization: U. S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Trent Hare
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Address: 2255 North Gemini Drive
City: Flagstaff
State_or_Province: AZ
Postal_Code: 86001
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 928-556-7126
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 928-556-7014
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: thare@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions: online: <http://webgis.wr.usgs.gov>
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Generated by mp version 2.9.6 on Mon May 16 14:28:41 2011