FLOOD INUNDATION MAPS FOR A 15-MILE REACH OF THE KALAMAZOO RIVER FROM MARSHALL TO BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN By Christopher J. Hoard, Kathleen K. Fowler, Moon H. Kim, Chad D. Menke, Scott E. Morlock, Marie C. Peppler, Cynthia M. Rachol, and Matthew T. Whitehead 2010 Scientific Investigations Map 3135 ABSTRACT: Digital flood-inundation maps for a 15-mile reach of the Kalamazoo River from Marshall to Battle Creek, Michigan, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to help guide remediation efforts following a crude oil spill on July 25, 2010. The spill happened on Talmadge Creek, a tributary of the Kalamazoo River near Marshall, during a flood. The floodwaters transported the spilled oil down the Kalamazoo River and deposited oil in impoundments and on the surfaces of islands and floodplains. Six flood-inundation maps were constructed corresponding to the flood stage (884.09 feet) coincident with the oil spill on July 25, 2010, as well as for floods with annual exceedance probabilities of 0.2, 1, 2, 4, and 10 percent. Streamflow at the USGS streamgage at Marshall, Michigan (USGS site ID 04103500) was used to calculate the flood probabilities. From August 13 to 18, 2010, 35 channel cross sections, 17 bridges, and 1 dam were surveyed. These data were used to construct a water-surface profile for the July 25, 2010 flood event by use of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The calibrated model was used to estimate water-surface profiles for other flood probabilities. The resulting six flood-inundation maps were created with a geographic information system by combining flood profiles with 1.2 ft vertical and 10 ft horizontal resolution digital-elevation-model derived from Light Detection and Ranging data. DISCLAIMERS: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items for other than personal use must be secured from the copyright owner. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. This data base, identified as SIM 3135, has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. The flood boundaries shown were estimated based on water stages/flows at USGS streamgage 04103500, Kalamazoo River at Marshall, MI. Water-surface elevations along the reach of the Kalamazoo River extending from Marshall to Battle Creek (approximately 15 miles downstream of the streamgage) were estimated by steady-state hydraulic modeling, assuming unobstructed flow, and using discharges and hydrologic conditions anticipated at that gaging station. The hydraulic model reflects the land-cover characteristics and any bridge, dam, levee, or other hydraulic structures existing in August 2010. Unique meteorological factors (timing and distribution of storms) may cause actual discharges along the modeled reach to vary from assumed during a flood and lead to deviations in the water surface elevations and inundation boundaries shown here. Additional areas may be flooded due to unanticipated backwater from major tributaries along the main stem or from localized debris- or ice-jams. The flood inundation boundaries depicted on this map are based on a digital elevation model with a horizontal resolution of 10 ft and a vertical accuracy of 1.2 ft (metadata available). Inundated areas shown should not be used for navigation, regulatory, permitting, or other legal purposes. Although USGS intends to make this server available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, timely delivery of data and products from this server through the Internet is not guaranteed. The USGS provides these maps as a quick reference and emergency planning tool but assumes no legal liability or responsibility for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special or exemplary damages or lost profit resulting from the use or misuse of this information. If this series of flood inundation maps will be used in conjunction with National Weather Service (NWS) river forecasts, the user should be aware of additional uncertainties which may be inherent or factored into NWS forecast procedures. The NWS uses river forecast models to estimate the quantity and timing of water flowing through selected river reaches in the United States. These forecast models (1) estimate the amount of runoff generated by a precipitation event, (2) compute how the water will move downstream, and (3) predict the flow and stage (water surface elevation) for the river at a given location (AHPS forecast point) throughout the forecast period (every six hours and 3 to 5 days out in many locations). For more information on AHPS forecasts, please see: http://water.weather.gov/ahps/pcpn_and_river_forecasting.pdf CONTENTS: 00README.txt SIM3135_pamphlet.pdf This report consists of six map sheets, each with data files and metadata The files are as follows: in SIM3135_datafiles.zip: SIM3135_sheet1 sim3135_sheet1_raster (folder, .dbbnd/.hdr/.metadata.xml/.prj/.sta/w001001.adf/.w001001x.adf) sim3135_sheet1_raster_met.txt sim3135_sheet1_met.txt sim3135_sheet1.shp (.aux./.dbf/ .prj/ .sbn/ .sbx/ .shp.xml/ .shx/) ******************** SIM3135_sheet2.pdf sim3135_sheet2_raster (folder, .dbbnd/.hdr/.metadata.xml/.prj/.sta/w001001.adf/.w001001x.adf) sim3135_sheet2_raster_met.txt sim3135_sheet2_met.txt sim3135_sheet2.shp (.aux./.dbf/ .prj/ .sbn/ .sbx/ .shp.xml/ .shx/) *************************** SIM3135_sheet3.pdf sim3135_sheet3_raster (folder, .dbbnd/.hdr/.metadata.xml/.prj/.sta/w001001.adf/.w001001x.adf) sim3135_sheet3_raster_met.txt sim3135_sheet3_met.txt sim3135_sheet3.shp (.aux./.dbf/ .prj/ .sbn/ .sbx/ .shp.xml/ .shx/) *************************** SIM3135_sheet4.pdf sim3135_sheet4_raster (folder, .dbbnd/.hdr/.metadata.xml/.prj/.sta/w001001.adf/.w001001x.adf) sim3135_sheet4_raster_met.txt sim3135_sheet4_met.txt sim3135_sheet4.shp (.aux./.dbf/ .prj/ .sbn/ .sbx/ .shp.xml/ .shx/) *************************** SIM3135_sheet5.pdf sim3135_sheet5_raster (folder, .dbbnd/.hdr/.metadata.xml/.prj/.sta/w001001.adf/.w001001x.adf) sim3135_sheet5_raster_met.txt sim3135_sheet5_met.txt sim3135_sheet5.shp (.aux./.dbf/ .prj/ .sbn/ .sbx/ .shp.xml/ .shx/) *************************** SIM3135_sheet6.pdf sim3135_sheet6_raster (folder, .dbbnd/.hdr/.metadata.xml/.prj/.sta/w001001.adf/.w001001x.adf) sim3135_sheet6_raster_met.txt sim3135_sheet6_met.txt sim3135_sheet6.shp (.aux./.dbf/ .prj/ .sbn/ .sbx/ .shp.xml/ .shx/) VI. INSTRUCTIONS AND DOCUMENTATION FOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS MAP 3135 To access the data: The data files can be downloaded via the web from http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3135. The main product is a Portable Document Format (.pdf) map and pamphlet which requires Adobe Acrobat for viewing. Acrobat software runs on a variety of systems, and is available for download free of charge from Adobe at http://www.adobe.com. Software Required: Adobe Acrobat (6.x, 7.x, or 8.x), or Adobe Acrobat Pro (6.x, 7.x, or 8.x), or the free Adobe Reader (6.x, 7.x, or 8.x), 8.x is preferred. ArcGIS 9.3 preferred, older versions may also work.