Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Marith Reheis Originator: Joanna R. Redwine Originator: Elmira Wan Originator: John P. McGeehin Originator: D. Paco Van Sistine Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Surficial Geology and Stratigraphy of Pleistocene Lake Manix, San Bernardino County, California Edition: version 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: SIM 3312 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3312 Description: Abstract: Pluvial Lake Manix and its surrounding drainage basin, in the central Mojave Desert of California, has been a focus of paleoclimate, surficial processes, and neotectonic studies by the U.S. Geological Survey since about 2004. Until about 25,000 years ago, Lake Manix was the terminus of the Mojave River, which drains northeasterly from the San Bernardino Mountains; the river currently terminates in Silver Lake playa. Studies of Lake Manix deposits were undertaken by the U.S. Geological Survey to improve understanding of the paleoclimatic record and the shifts in atmospheric circulation that controlled precipitation in the Mojave Desert. Lake Manix occupied several subbasins at its maximum extent. This map focuses on the extensive exposures created by incision of the Mojave River and its tributaries into the interbedded lacustrine and alluvial deposits within the central (Cady) and northeastern (Afton) subbasins of Lake Manix, and extends from the head of Afton Canyon to Manix Wash. The map illuminates the geomorphic development and depositional history of the lake and alluvial fans within the active tectonic setting of the Eastern California shear zone, especially interactions with the left-lateral Manix fault. Lake Manix left an extraordinarily detailed but complex record of numerous transgressive-regressive sequences separated by desiccation and deposition of fan, eolian, and fluvial deposits, and punctuated by tectonic movements and a catastrophic flood that reconfigured the lake basin. Only by paying careful attention to the intercalated lacustrine and fan sequences and the precise elevations of unit contacts can we decode this record to understand the response of the lake and river system to the interplay of climatic, geomorphic, and tectonic forces. These deposits are exposed in steep badland topography. Therefore, mapping was conducted mostly at scales of 1:12,000 and employs custom unit nomenclature, with multiple subdivided lacustrine and alluvial fan units. In addition, many important units are very thin and cannot be mapped separately, or are covered by thin eolian sand, so these are commonly portrayed as stacks of units or combined units. These details are more accurately portrayed in the many measured sections that accompany the map. Altitudes of many contacts were obtained using differentially corrected GPS or, in some cases, LIDAR data. Purpose: Paleoclimate studies were undertaken by the U.S. Geological Survey to improve understanding of the shifts in atmospheric circulation that control precipitation in the Mojave Desert. The initial focus was on stratigraphic sequences of lacustrine and alluvial-fan deposits in the Lake Manix basin, and in 2005 a 45-m-long core was obtained from the thickest preserved sequence of lacustrine deposits for detailed study. Initial conflicts between the stratigraphy and sedimentology expressed in the core and interpreted from outcrops in previous work by others led to a need to map the exposed sedimentary section in detail. Lake Manix occupied several subbasins at its maximum extent. This map focuses on the extensive exposures created by incision of the Mojave River and its tributaries into the interbedded lacustrine and alluvial deposits within the central (Cady) and northeastern (Afton) subbasins, and extends from the head of Afton Canyon to Manix Wash. Supplemental_Information: DATASETS INCLUDED IN THIS GEOSPATIAL DATABASE: GEOLOGY Feature Dataset: Manix_geol_poly - geologic unit polygons Manix_geol_line - contacts and faults Manix_geol_pnt - geologic point features(bedding, fault dips) Manix_geol_sample - sample locations Manix_geol_geochem - geochemical locations Manix_geol_label - geologic unit labels BASEMAP Feature Dataset: contour10m - 10 meter contour lines RASTERS: dem10m_shd - 10 meter resolution hillshade Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2014 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -116.5707 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -116.3466 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.0776 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.9424 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: AGI Glossary of Geology Theme_Keyword: Paleoclimate Theme_Keyword: pluvial lake Theme_Keyword: Pleistocene Theme_Keyword: alluvial fan Theme_Keyword: Manix fault Theme_Keyword: Cave Mountain fault Theme_Keyword: fluvial Theme_Keyword: Lacustrine Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) Place_Keyword: California Place_Keyword: Mojave Desert Place_Keyword: Mojave River Place_Keyword: San Bernardino County Place_Keyword: Afton Canyon Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Midway Place_Keyword: Dunn Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Users of this geospatial database and geologic information derived there from should acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of the data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Marith Reheis Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: USGS, MS 980, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1270 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-236-5349 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mreheis@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/SIM/3312 Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphical representation of the map Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Data_Set_Credit: GIS and cartography assistance: Paco Van Sistine 14C dating: John P. McGeehin (USGS Radiocarbon Laboratory) Tephrochronology: Elmira Wan (USGS Tephrochronology Laboratory) Uranium-series ages: James B. Paces (USGS Denver) Additional stratigraphic observations: Norman Meek (California State University San Bernardino); C.G. Oviatt, Kansas State University; D.M Miller, USGS Menlo Park Peer reviews: David M. Miller and Emily M. Taylor Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Professional Version 2002 Service Pack 3 - ArcCatalog Version 10.0 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Attributes were entered digitally and checked by GIS technician. Authors and USGS map editors performed separate reviews. Logical_Consistency_Report: Map elements were visually checked for overshoots, undershoots, duplicate features, polygon closure, and other errors by the author and by the GIS technician(s) that created the digital database. Automated routines were also used to check the databases for polygon label errors, line or point attribution errors, sliver polygons, dangling arcs, intersection errors, and projection information. Check plots of the map were reviewed by at least two other geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general conformity to USGS mapping standards. Completeness_Report: Data are complete: no features that could be accurately represented at the compilation scale were eliminated or generalized. All geospatial database elements are attributed. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Geology was mapped digitally using 1.0 meter resolution orthophotos. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Redwine, J.R. Publication_Date: Unpublished data Title: Preliminary surficial geologic map of parts of the Cave Mountain and Dunn 7.5 Minute quadrangles, San Bernardino County, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: n/a Publication_Information: Publication_Place: n/a Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 24,000 Type_of_Source_Media: n/a Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: in review Source_Currentness_Reference: Unpublished data Source_Citation_Abbreviation: n/a Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Moseley, C.G. Publication_Date: 1978 Title: The Geology of a portion of the northern Cady Mountains, Mojave Desert, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: M.S. thesis Issue_Identification: 131 p. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: University of California Riverside Publisher: n/a Type_of_Source_Media: n/a Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1978 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: n/a Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nagy, E.A. and Murray, B. Publication_Date: 1991 Title: Stratigraphy and intra-basin correlation of the Mojave River Formation, central Mojave Desert, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: San Bernardino County Museum Quarterly Issue_Identification: v. 38, no. 2, p. 5-30 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: San Bernardino County Publisher: n/a Type_of_Source_Media: n/a Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1991 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: n/a Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pluhar, C.J., Kirschvink, J.L., and Adams, R.W. Publication_Date: 1991 Title: Magnetostratigraphy and clockwise rotation of the Plio-Pleistocene Mojave River Formation, central Mojave Desert, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: San Bernardino County Museum Quarterly Issue_Identification: v. 38, no. 2, p. 31-42 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: San Bernardino County Publisher: n/a Type_of_Source_Media: n/a Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1991 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: n/a Source_Contribution: geologic features Process_Step: Process_Description: Geology was digitized on a digital stereo plotter using 1 meter orthophotography by M. Reheis. Exported ESRI shapefiles were merged with eastern geologic mapping content from J. Redwine. final compilation Geodatabase features were created and finalized. Process_Date: 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: Draft check plots of the geologic map and explanation were created and submitted for peer review. Geologists reviewed the plots for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. Revisions were made to the geospatial database as needed. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Step: Process_Description: Metadata created by Paco VanSistine. Process_Date: 2013 Process_Step: Process_Description: The database files, metadata, and check plots were edited by the USGS Denver Publishing Service Center, and revisions made to the geospatial database as needed. Process_Date: 2013 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 11 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.99960000 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000100 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000100 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.2 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: DATASETS INCLUDED IN THIS GEOSPATIAL DATABASE: GEOLOGY Feature Dataset: Manix_geol_poly - geologic unit polygons Manix_geol_line - contacts and faults Manix_geol_pnt - geologic point features(bedding, fault dips) Manix_geol_sample - sample locations Manix_geol_geochem - geochemical locations Manix_geol_label - geologic unit labels MANIX_GEOL_POLY attribute explanation: UNIT - Rock unit name DESCRIPTION - Short description of rock unit AGE - Geologic age of rock unit *Ages of mixed and overlying units are those of the individual units where mapped separately. In cases where two or more units of the same age range are either mixed or overlying, only one age range is listed. In cases where two or more units have different age ranges, the separate age ranges are listed. UNIT DESCRIPTION AGE (Qia7+Ql7)/Qia Thin, intermixed alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, and lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene (Qye+Qyay)/QTalg Thin, intermixed, young eolian deposits and young alluvial-fan deposits, overlying older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Br Plutonic rocks Jurassic? Br+Qya Intermixed plutonic rocks and young alluvial-fan deposits, undivided Jurassic? and Holocene and late Pleistocene d Disturbed areas modern Qalg Arkosic-lithic fanglomerate middle and early Pleistocene Qalg/Tgg Thin arkosic-lithic fanglomerate overlying granitic fanglomerate middle and early Pleistocene overlying Pliocene and late Miocene? Qfmr Active channel of the Mojave River late Holocene Qia Intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qia/Qoa Thin intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying older alluvial-fan deposits early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qia/QTalg Thin intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qia/QTcg Thin intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying fanglomerate of Cave Mountain early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qia/Qvg Thin intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qia+Qya Intermixed intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, and young alluvial-fan deposits, undivided "Holocene to middle Pleistocene " Qia+Qye Intermixed intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, and young eolian deposits "Holocene to middle Pleistocene " Qia+Qyea Intermixed intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, and young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, undivided Holocene to middle Pleistocene Qia6 Alluvial-fan deposits, unit 6 middle Pleistocene Qia6-4 Alluvial-fan deposits, units 6, 5, and 4 middle Pleistocene Qia6-4/Ql4 Thin alluvial-fan deposits, units 6, 5, and 4, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 4 middle Pleistocene Qia6-4/Ql4/Qalg Thin alluvial-fan deposits, units 6, 5, and 4, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 4, overlying arkosic-lithic fanglomerate middle Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qia6-5/Ql5/Ql4 Thin alluvial-fan deposits, units 6, and 5, overlying lacustrine deposits, units 5 and 4 middle Pleistocene Qia6/Ql6 Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 6, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 6 middle Pleistocene Qia6/Ql6/Qia Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 6, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 6, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided middle Pleistocene Qia6/Qof Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 6, overlying older fluvial deposits middle Pleistocene Qia7 Alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7 late Pleistocene Qia7/Ql7 Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7 late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qia7/Ql7/Qalg Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying arkosic-lithic fanglomerate late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qia7/Ql7/Ql6 Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 6 late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene overlying middle Pleistocene Qia7/Ql7b Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7b late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and late middle Pleistocene Qia7/QTalg Thin alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, overlying older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate late Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qia7+Ql7 Intermixed alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, and lacustrine deposits, unit 7 late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qia7+Ql8 Intermixed alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7, and lacustrine deposits, unit 8 late Pleistocene Qiea Older mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits late and middle Pleistocene Qiea/QTalg Thin older mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits overlying older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate late and middle Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qiea/QTcg Thin older mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits overlying fanglomerate of Cave Mountain late and middle Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qif Intermediate fluvial deposits late Pleistocene Ql Lacustrine deposits, undivided late and middle Pleistocene Ql/Qalg Lacustrine deposits, undivided, overlying arkosic-lithic fanglomerate late and middle Pleistocene overlying early and middle Pleistocene Ql4 Lacustrine deposits, unit 4 middle Pleistocene Ql6 Lacustrine deposits, unit 6 middle Pleistocene Ql6/Qia Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 6, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided middle Pleistocene Ql6/Qvg Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 6, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate middle Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Ql6+Qia6 Intermixed lacustrine deposits, unit 6, and intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, unit 6 middle Pleistocene Ql7 Lacustrine deposits, unit 7 early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql7-Ql4 Thin superposed lacustrine deposits, units 7 through 4 early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql7/Qalg Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying arkosic-lithic fanglomerate early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Ql7/Qia Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql7/Ql5?/Ql4 Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, units 5? and 4 early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle Pleistocene Ql7/Ql6 Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 6 early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle Pleistocene Ql7/Ql6/Ql4 Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying lacustrine deposits, units 6 and 4 early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle Pleistocene Ql7/QTalg Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? And Pliocene Ql7/Qvg Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Ql7? Lacustrine deposits, unit 7? early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql7+Qia Intermixed lacustrine deposits, unit 7, and intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided "early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene " Ql7+Ql8 Intermixed lacustrine deposits, units 7 and 8 late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql7a Lacustrine deposits, unit 7a middle Pleistocene Ql7b Lacustrine deposits, unit 7b early late Pleistocene and late middle Pleistocene Ql8 Lacustrine deposits, unit 8 late Pleistocene Ql8/(Qiea+Ql7) Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying intermixed older mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits and lacustrine deposits, unit 7 late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql8/Qia7 Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7 "late Pleistocene " Ql8/Qiea Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying older mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits "late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene " Ql8/Ql7 Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7 late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql8/Ql7/Ql6 Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying lacustrine deposits, units 7 and 6 late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Ql8/Ql7/Qvg Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Ql8/Qvg Thin lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Ql8? Lacustrine deposits, unit 8? late Pleistocene Ql8+Qia7 Intermixed lacustrine deposits, unit 8, and intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7 late Pleistocene Ql8+Ql7 Intermixed lacustrine deposits, units 8 and 7 late and middle Pleistocene Ql8+Qyao Intermixed lacustrine deposits, unit 7, and young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit "Holocene and late Pleistocene " Ql8o Lacustrine deposits, older unit 8 late Pleistocene Ql8o/Qia7 Thin lacustrine deposits, older unit 8, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7 late Pleistocene Qmr Mojave River formation (informal) middle and early Pleistocene Qoa Older alluvial-fan deposits middle and early Pleistocene Qoa+Qia Intermixed older alluvial-fan deposits and intermediate alluvial-fan deposits early late Pleistocene and middle and early Pleistocene Qoa+Qiea Intermixed older alluvial-fan deposits and older mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits late to early Pleistocene Qof Older fluvial deposits middle Pleistocene Qof/Ta Thin older fluvial deposits overlying playa and distal alluvial-fan deposits middle Pleistocene overlying Pliocene Qof?/Ta Thin older fluvial deposits? overlying playa and distal alluvial-fan deposits middle Pleistocene overlying Pliocene Qp Playa and distal-fan deposits middle Pleistocene QTalg Older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate early Pleistocene? and Pliocene QTalg+Qia+Qya Intermixed older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate, intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, and young alluvial-fan deposits, undivided "Holocene to Pliocene " QTcg Fanglomerate of Cave Mountain early Pleistocene? and Pliocene QTgu Fanglomerate, undifferentiated early Pleistocene? and Pliocene? QTgu+Qye Intermixed fanglomerate, undivided, and young eolian deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene and early Pleistocene? and Pliocene? QTvg Older volcanic fanglomerate early Pleistocene? and Pliocene? Qvg Younger volcanic fanglomerate middle and early Pleistocene Qvg/Qmr Thin younger volcanic fanglomerate overlying Mojave River formation middle and early Pleistocene Qvg/Ta Thin younger volcanic fanglomerate overlying playa and distal alluvial-fan deposits Middle and early Pleistocene overlying Pliocene Qya Young alluvial-fan deposits, undivided Holocene and late Pleistocene Qya/Ql6 Thin young alluvium, undivided, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 6 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle Pleistocene Qya/Qvg Thin young alluvium, undivided, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qya/Qyfmr Thin young alluvium, undivided, overlying Mojave River fluvial deposits and terraces Holocene and late Pleistocene Qya+Qia Intermixed young alluvium, undivided, and intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided Holocene and late and middle Pleistocene Qya+Qia6 Intermixed young alluvium, undivided, and intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, unit 6 Holocene and late and middle Pleistocene Qya+Ql7 Intermixed young alluvium, undivided, and lacustrine deposits, unit 7 Holocene and late and middle Pleistocene Qya+Ql8 Intermixed young alluvium, undivided, and lacustrine deposits, unit 8 Holocene and late Pleistocene Qya+Qye Intermixed young alluvium, undivided, and young eolian deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyaf Alluvial deposits of paleovalley fill Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyao Young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyao/Qalg Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying arkosic-lithic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qyao/Qia Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, undivided Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qyao/Qia7 Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying intermediate alluvial-fan deposits, unit 7 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene Qyao/Ql7 Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qyao/Ql8 Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 8 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene Qyao/Ql8/Ql7 Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 8, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qyao/Qvg Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qyao/Qye Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying young eolian deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyao/Qyfmr Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying Mojave River fluvial deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyao/Qyfmr/Qmr Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying Mojave River fluvial deposits, overlying Mojave River formation "Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene " Qyao/Tgg Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying granitic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying Pliocene and late Miocene? Qyao/Tgg? Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying granitic fanglomerate? Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying Pliocene and late Miocene? Qyao+Ql8 Intermixed young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, and lacustrine deposits, unit 8 Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyao+Qyay Intermixed older and younger subunits of young alluvial-fan deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyao+Qye Intermixed young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, and young eolian deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyao+Qyfmr Intermixed young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, and Mojave River fluvial deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyay Young alluvial-fan deposits, younger subunit late Holocene Qyay/Qyfmr Thin young alluvial-fan deposits, younger subunit, overlying Mojave River fluvial deposits late Holocene overlying Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyay+Ql8 Intermixed young alluvial-fan deposits, younger subunit, and lacustrine deposits, unit 8 late Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyay+Qyao Intermixed young alluvial-fan deposits, younger and older subunits late Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyay+Qye Intermixed young alluvial-fan deposits, younger subunit, and young eolian deposits "late Holocene and late Pleistocene " Qye Young eolian deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qye/Qia/QTalg Thin young eolian deposits overlying intermediate alluvium overlying older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qye/Qia7 Thin young eolian deposits overlying intermediate alluvium, unit 7 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene Qye/Ql7 Thin young eolian deposits overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qye/Ql8 Thin young eolian deposits overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 8 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene Qye/Qmr Thin young eolian deposits overlying Mojave River formation Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qye/QTvg Thin young eolian deposits overlying older volcanic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene? Qye/Qvg Thin young eolian deposits overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qye/Qyao Thin young eolian deposits overlying young alluvium, older subunit Holocene and late Pleistocene Qye/Qyay Thin young eolian deposits overlying young alluvium, younger subunit Holocene and late Pleistocene Qye/Qyfmr Thin young eolian deposits overlying Mojave River fluvial deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qye/Tgg Thin young eolian deposits overlying granitic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying Pliocene and late Miocene? Qye/Tgg? Thin young eolian deposits overlying granitic fanglomerate? Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying Pliocene and late Miocene? Qye+QTcg Intermixed young eolian deposits and fanglomerate of Cave Mountain Holocene and late Pleistocene and early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qye+Qvg Intermixed young eolian deposits and younger volcanic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene and middle and early Pleistocene Qye+Qya Intermixed young eolian deposits and young alluvial-fan deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qye+Qyao Intermixed young eolian deposits and young alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyea Young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, undivided Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyea/Ql7 Thin young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qyea/Ql8 Thin young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 8 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene Qyea/QTalg Thin young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying older arkosic-lithic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qyea/Qvg Thin young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qyea+Qyfmr Intermixed young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, undivided, overlying Mojave River fluvial deposits and terraces Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyeao Young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyeao/Ql7 Thin young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 7 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early late Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene Qyeao/Ql8 Thin young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, older subunit, overlying lacustrine deposits, unit 8 Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying late Pleistocene Qyeao+Qyeay Intermixed young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, younger and older subunits "Holocene and late Pleistocene " Qyeay Young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, younger subunit late Holocene Qyeay+Qyeao Intermixed young mixed eolian and alluvial-fan deposits, older and younger subunits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyf Young fluvial deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyfmr Mojave River fluvial deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene Qyfmr/Qof Mojave River fluvial deposits overlying older fluvial deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle Pleistocene Qyfmr/QTcg Mojave River fluvial deposits overlying fanglomerate of Cave Mountain Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying early Pleistocene? and Pliocene Qyfmr/Qvg Mojave River fluvial deposits overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qyfmr/Qvg/Qalg Mojave River fluvial deposits overlying younger volcanic fanglomerate overlying arkosic-lithic fanglomerate Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying middle and early Pleistocene Qyfmr/Ta Mojave River fluvial deposits overlying playa and distal alluvial-fan deposits Holocene and late Pleistocene overlying Pliocene Qyfmr+Qya Intermixed Mojave River fluvial deposits and young alluvium, undivided "Holocene and late Pleistocene " Qyfmr+Qyao Intermixed Mojave River fluvial deposits and young alluvium, older subunit "Holocene and late Pleistocene " Qysl Young slackwater deposits Holocene Ta Playa and distal alluvial-fan deposits Pliocene Tbrg Fanglomerate of Buwalda Ridge Pliocene Tgg Granitic fanglomerate Pliocene and late Miocene? Tqg Quartz-rich conglomerate Miocene Tvs Volcanic and sedimentary rocks, undivided Miocene Tvs+Br Intermixed volcanic and sedimentary rocks and plutonic rocks Miocene and Jurassic? MANIX_GEOL_LINE attribute explanation: DESCRIPTION - line feature description using FGDC standard DESCRIPTION Beach Ridge Contact-Approximately located Contact-Approximately located, queried Contact-Certain Contact-Certain, gradational Contact-Concealed Fault-Approximately located Fault-Approximately located, queried Fault-Certain Fault-Concealed Fault-Scarp Map Boundary MANIX_GEOL_PNT attribute explanation: DESCRIPTION - point feature description using FGDC standard STATION - name of location where measurement was taken DESCRIPTION Fault-Showing strike and dip Fault and Inclined bedding-showing strike and dip Inclined bedding-Showing strike and dip FAULT_AZIMUTH, BEDDING AZIMUTH direction of trend 0-359 degrees FAULT_DIP, BEDDING_DIP angle of tilted feature 0-90 degrees MANIX_GEOL_SAMPLE attribute explanation: STATION sample location name and number U-series sample analyzed using Uranium-series techniques C14 sample analyzed using Radiocarbon techniques MANIX_GEOL_GEOCHEM attribute explanation: percents of major-element oxides STATION sample location name and number Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: USGS, Information Services Box 25286 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225-0046 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: usgsstore@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Scientific Investigations Map-3312 Distribution_Liability: Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. 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Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 2014 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Paco VanSistine Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Denver Federal Center Address: MailStop 980-Box 25046 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-5452 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-236-5349 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dvansistine@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: none Metadata_Use_Constraints: none