Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: William R. Page Originator: Christopher M. Menges Originator: Floyd Gray Originator: Margaret E. Berry Originator: Mark W. Bultman Originator: Michael A. Cosca Originator: D. Paco VanSistine Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Geologic Map of the Rio Rico and Nogales 1:24,000 - Scale Quadrangles, Santa Cruz County, Arizona Edition: version 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: SIM 3354 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2016/3354 Description: Abstract: The Rio Rico and Nogales (Arizona) 1:24,000-scale quadrangles are located in the Basin and Range Province of southern Arizona, and the southern edge of the map is the international border with Sonora, Mexico. The major urban area is Nogales, a bi-national city known as “the gateway to Mexico.” Rocks exposed in the map area range in age from Jurassic through Quaternary. Major physiographic, geologic, and hydrologic features in the map area include the southern San Cayetano Mountains, Grosvenor Hills, and Sonoita Creek in the northern part, and Mount Benedict and the Mount Benedict horst block in the southcentral part. The horst block is bounded by the Santa Cruz River on the east and Nogales Wash (tributary to the Santa Cruz River) on the west. Purpose: The objectives of our mapping were to define the geologic framework for the Nogales area and the upper Santa Cruz basin (Page and others, 2011; Callegary and others, 2011), to support ongoing multidisciplinary projects. These projects include: the USGS Tucson Water Science Center Transboundary Aquifer Act Project (hydrologic and climatic modeling and water quality and quantity studies of upper Santa Cruz basin); the U.S.-Mexico Border Environmental Health Initiative (evaluating contaminants in the basin and impacts to human and wildlife health); and the assessment of concealed porphyry copper deposits in the region. This work will also provide fundamental data used for flood hazard and water storage investigations in the Nogales Wash and Santa Cruz River areas, and in efforts to detect and predict the location of illegal tunnels beneath the international border. We significantly revised the Miocene Nogales Formation based on geologic mapping combined with new geochronologic, geophysical, and petrographic studies. The Nogales Formation is poorly understood because it has not been mapped in detail, and in turn, its groundwater resource potential is poorly known. This new work will improve understanding of the Nogales Formation to more fully assess its groundwater resource potential (Gray and others, 2014). Supplemental_Information: Compilation scale: 1:24,000 DATASETS INCLUDED IN THIS GEOSPATIAL DATABASE: GEOLOGY Feature Dataset: riorico_nogales_poly - geologic unit polygons riorico_nogales_line - contacts and faults riorico_nogales_pnt - geologic point features riorico_nogales_fold - geologic folds riorico_nogales_geochron - geochronological sample location riorico_nogales_sections - cross-section lines riorico_nogales_label - geologic unit polygon label points Initial steps in compilation of the geologic map dataset included preliminary compilation of the geology of late Miocene to early Pleistocene basin fill and Quaternary alluvium by Margaret E. Berry. William R. Page then integrated the geology of the Nogales Formation and bedrock units with basin-fill and Quaternary alluvium digital compilation. Final step was completed by Christopher Menges who revised the original basin fill and Qaternary alluvium units, subdividing and defining more detailed geology of those units. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2016 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -111.0 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -110.875 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 31.5 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 31.333 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: AGI Glossary of Geology Theme_Keyword: Geologic mapping Theme_Keyword: Hydrogeology Theme_Keyword: Groundwater Theme_Keyword: Upper Santa Cruz basin Theme_Keyword: US-Mexico border Theme_Keyword: Stratigraphy Theme_Keyword: Structure Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) Place_Keyword: Southern Arizona Place_Keyword: Nogales, Arizona Place_Keyword: Rio Rico Place_Keyword: Santa Cruz County Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Geologic Map Database Geologic Names Lexicon Stratum_Keyword: Nogales Formation Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Users of this geospatial database and geologic information derived there from should acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of the data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Ric Page Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: USGS, MS 980, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1141 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-236-5349 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rpage@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/SIM/2016 Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphical representation of the map Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Data_Set_Credit: William R. Page digitally compiled the geology of the Nogales Formation and all bedrock units. Margaret E. Berry and Christopher M. Menges digitally compiled the geology for late Tertiary to early Pleistocene basin-fill units and Quaternary alluvium. Jeremy Havens was responsible for digitally drafting all of the report illustrations, and the cross sections on pl. 1. Thanks to Gary Skipp who conducted x-ray diffraction analyses on samples from the Nogales Formation. Paco D. Van Sistine significantly contributed to the digital compilation of the map, created all of the cross section profiles, and assisted authors in creating, editing, and finalizing the digital geologic map database. Ted Brandt digitally compiled, edited, and mosaicked the topographic base map for map plate. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise - ArcCatalog Version 10.2.2 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Attributes were entered digitally and checked by GIS technician. Authors and USGS map editors performed separate reviews. Logical_Consistency_Report: Map elements were visually checked for overshoots, undershoots, duplicate features, polygon closure, and other errors by the author and by the GIS technician(s) that created the digital database. Automated routines were also used to check the databases for polygon label errors, line or point attribution errors, sliver polygons, dangling arcs, intersection errors, and projection information. Check plots of the map were reviewed by at least two other geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general conformity to USGS mapping standards. Completeness_Report: Data are complete: no features that could be accurately represented at the compilation scale were eliminated or generalized. All geospatial database elements are attributed. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Geology was mapped using 1 meter orthophoto imagery. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Simons, F.S. Publication_Date: 1974 Title: Geologic map and sections of the Nogales and Lochiel quadrangles, Santa Cruz County, Arizona Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Report Issue_Identification: I-762 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: USA, Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 48000 Type_of_Source_Media: unknown Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1974 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Simons, 1974 Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Drewes, Harald Publication_Date: 1980 Title: Tectonic map of southeast Arizona Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Map Issue_Identification: I-1109 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: USA, Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 125000 Type_of_Source_Media: unknown Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1980 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Drewes, 1980 Source_Contribution: geologic features Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Drewes, Harald Publication_Date: 1972 Title: Cenozoic rocks of the Santa Rita Mountains, southeast of Tucson, Arizona Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper Issue_Identification: 746, 66 p. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: USA, Denver, Colorado Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: unknown Type_of_Source_Media: unknown Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1972 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Drewes, 1972 Source_Contribution: geologic features Process_Step: Process_Description: Bedrock geology was digitally mapped in ArcMap (version 9.3.1), with the aid of 2010 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) orthophotography, imagery viewed with Google Earth, 1996 National Aerial Photography Program (NAPP) 1:40,000-scale color infrared aerial photographs, and 1:24,000 and 1:100,000-scale topographic maps. Mesozoic bedrock units were compiled from existing published geologic maps in the area, including those of Simons (1974), and Drewes (1972, 1980); most bedrock unit descriptions were from these reports with minor modifications, and the location of some contacts and faults were slightly adjusted based on interpretation of orthophotography and imagery viewed with Google Earth. The surficial geology in the map area was compiled from interpretation of stereoscopic pairs of 1996 NAPP color-infrared aerial photography (1:40,000-scale), 2010 NAIP orthophotography, imagery viewed with Google Earth, topographic data, and digital soils data (U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2008), using previous mapping in adjacent areas by Youberg and Helmick (2001) and Helmick (1986) as a guide. The surficial geology was digitally mapped on the NAIP imagery using ArcMap GIS software. Interpretive mapping was constrained by, and unit description and age estimates are based on data collected at GPS-located field stations along a series of traverses. Terrace heights were estimated from 1:24,000-scale topographic maps, DEM data, and for lower (younger) units, local field measurements. Process_Date: 2014 Process_Step: Process_Description: Draft check plots of the geologic map and explanation were created and submitted for peer review. Geologists reviewed the plots for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. Revisions were made to the geospatial database as needed. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Step: Process_Description: Metadata created by Paco VanSistine Process_Date: 2015 Process_Step: Process_Description: The database files, metadata, and check plots were edited by the USGS Denver Publishing Service Center, and revisions made to the geospatial database as needed. Process_Date: 2015 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 12 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.99960000 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -111.00 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00 False_Easting: 500000.00 False_Northing: 0.00 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System of 1980 (GRS 80) Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: GEODATABASE: RIORICO_NOGALES GEOLOGY Feature Dataset: riorico_nogales_poly riorico_nogales_line riorico_nogales_fold riorico_nogales_pnt riorico_nogales_geochron riorico_nogales_label riorico_nogales_sections ATTRIBUTES: RIORICO_NOGALES_POLY UNIT DESCRIPTION AGE FORMATION Jb Biotite-hornblende quartz monzonite Jurassic Mount Benedict Jbm Quartz monzonite Jurassic Mount Benedict Kd Diorite UpperCretaceous Ks Salero Formation Upper Cretaceous Ql Young intermediate alluvial deposits, undivided late Pleistocene Ql1 Older of the young intermediate alluvial deposits late Pleistocene Ql2 Younger of the young intermediate alluvial deposits late Pleistocene Qlr Young intermediate river-terrace deposits, undivided late Pleistocene Qlr1 Older of the young intermediate river-terrace deposits late Pleistocene Qlr2 Younger of the young intermediate river-terrace deposits late Pleistocene Qm Older intermediate alluvial deposits middle Pleistocene Qmr Older intermediate river-terrace deposits middle Pleistocene Qo Old alluvial deposits early Pleistocene QTa Alluvial basin fill early Pleistocene? to Miocene Qy Young alluvial deposits, undivided Holocene Qy1 Older of the young alluvial deposits Holocene Qy2 Younger of the young alluvial deposits late Holocene Qycr Active river-channel deposits latest Holocene Qyr1 Young river terrace deposits Holocene Qyr2 Young river floodplain and terrace deposits late Holocene Tgg Gringo Gulch Volcanics Paleocene Tghm Middle rhyolite member Oligocene Grosvenor Hills Volcanics Tghu Upper rhyodacite member Oligocene Grosvenor Hills Volcanics Tnm Mariposa member Miocene Nogales Tnmb Basalt flow in Mariposa member Miocene Nogales Tnn Nogales Wash member Miocene Nogales Tnp Proto Canyon member Miocene Nogales Tnpd Dacite dike in Proto Canyon member Miocene Nogales Tr Rhyodacite and rhyolite intrusive rocks Oligocene Grosvenor Hills Volcanics RIORICO_NOGALES_LINE DESCRIPTION Contact - certain Map boundary Normal fault - approximately located Normal fault - certain Normal fault - concealed Normal fault - Geophysically inferred RIORICO_NOGALES_FOLD DESCRIPTION Anticline - approximately located Syncline - approximately located RIORICO_NOGALES_PNT DESCRIPTION Fault dip Horizontal bedding Inclined bedding - showing strike and dip Inclined flow layering - showing strike and dip Overturned bedding - showing strike and dip Vertical flow layering - showing strike DIP 0 - 90 degrees AZIMUTH 0 - 359 degrees RIORICO_NOGALES_GEOCHRON SAMPLE GEOLOGIC_UNIT ARGON_AGE MATERIAL 11SCB01 Nogales Formation 23.6 to 25.09 Ma sanidine, plagioclase 11SCB02 Nogales Formation 24.7+/-0.6 to 25.93 Ma plagioclase 11SCB03 Nogales Formation 23.7 to 25.57 Ma sanidine, plagioclase 11SCB07 Nogales Formation 11.67+/-0.09 Ma whole rock 11SCB08 Nogales Formation 24.9+/-0.2 Ma sanidine, plagioclase 11SCB09 Nogales Formation 25.2+/-0.7 Ma sanidine, plagioclase 12SCB01 Nogales Formation 24.76 Ma sanidine 12SCB03 Grosvenor Hills Volcanics 23.5+/-0.1 to 24.8+/-0.1 Ma biotite 12SCB04 Grosvenor Hills Volcanics 26.3+/-0.7 to 26.9+/-0.2 Ma amphibole 12SCB05 Grosvenor Hills Volcanics 27.6+/-0.4 to 27.8+/-0.3 Ma biotite, amphibole Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: USGS, Information Services Box 25286 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225-0046 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: usgsstore@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Scientific Investigations Map-3354 Distribution_Liability: Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items for other than personal use must be secured from the copyright owner. This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GEODATABASE, SHAPEFILE Format_Version_Number: 10.2.2 File_Decompression_Technique: ZIP Archive Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/SIM/2016 Fees: For current charges please see website http://ask.usgs.gov/prices/faqs_prices_usgs_products.html or download data at no cost. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 2015 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Paco VanSistine Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Denver Federal Center Address: MailStop 980 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-5452 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-236-5349 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dvansistine@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: none Metadata_Use_Constraints: none