Scientific Investigations Report 2006–5036
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Scientific Investigations Report 2006–5036
Water budgets that approximate 2003–2005 conditions as much as possible for both refuges shown in figure 5 are based on the combination of annual water-use estimation using acreages and open-water evaporation and evapotranspiration estimates (tables 1–5) and measured inflows and outflows to and from the refuges (table 6). The percentages shown in figure 5 pertain to the budgets for each refuge separately; that is, they are relative to the total for each refuge. For example, 21 percent of all water entering the Lower Klamath refuge is from precipitation and only 13 percent of all water entering the Tule Lake refuge is from precipitation. However, this does not mean that more precipitation falls on the Lower Klamath refuge than the Tule Lake refuge; it simply indicates that precipitation accounts for more of the water entering the Lower Klamath refuge than the Tule Lake refuge. The 2003–2005 mean annual precipitation for both refuges is actually similar. Likewise, evapotranspiration loss for the Lower Klamath refuge constituted a much greater percentage of the water leaving the refuge compared with the Tule Lake refuge. However, the actual evapotranspiration rates were the same for both refuges.
Gaged flows that were used in the budget calculations for figure 5, such as those for D Pumping Plant, Ady Canal, and the Klamath Straits Drain, were from the 2003–2005 period. However, inflows and outflows for the Tule Lake refuge were derived from a USFWS water budget analysis of the refuge (Tim Mayer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon, written commun., 2005). More recent flow data for those locations were either unavailable or not easily obtainable.
Ground-water fluxes in and out of the refuges are shown with dashed lines because they are unknown and cannot be discriminated from measurement error. The value shown for ground-water inflows and outflows and measurement error in the Tule Lake refuge were derived from residual terms in the USFWS water budget analysis (Tim Mayer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon, written commun., 2005). Natural runoff into the Lower Klamath refuge from Sheepy, Cottonwood, and Willow Creeks were based on estimates from Wood (1960).
For more information about USGS activities in Oregon, visit the USGS Oregon Water Science Center home page.
U.S.
Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological
Survey
Persistent URL: https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20065036
Page Contact Information: Publications
Team
Page Last Modified: Thursday, 01-Dec-2016 19:01:11 EST
