Review of Trace Element Blank and Replicate Data Collected in Ground and Surface Water for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 1991–2002
By
Lori E. Apodaca1, David K. Mueller2 and Michael T. Koterba3
Table 5
Estimated sample variability at measured concentrations in surface-water trace element data.
[
RSD, relative standard deviation;
SD, standard deviation;
µg/L, microgram per liter; —, no data]
| | | | Low concentrations | High concentrations | | | Mean concentration replicate sets |
|---|
| Analytes | Consistent detections | Consistent detections minus whole values | Range (µg/L) | Number of replicate sets | Mean SD (µg/L) | Range (µg/L) | Number of replicate sets | Mean RSD (percent) | Mean SD all ranges (µg/L) | Mean RSD all ranges (percent) | Minimum (µg/L) | Median (µg/L) | Maximum (µg/L) |
|---|
| Aluminum | 127 | 70 | 1.10–101 | 61 | 1.02 | 101–9,160 | 9 | 2.83 | 4.89 | 8.70 | 1.10 | 13.3 | 9,160 |
| Antimony | 8 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.01 | 1.94 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 11.4 |
| Arsenic | 60 | 33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.22 | 4.67 | 0.54 | 4.54 | 41.4 |
| Barium | 119 | 56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.66 | 1.38 | 3.53 | 31.5 | 232 |
| Beryllium | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.07 | 6.15 | — | 1.15 | — |
| Boron | 83 | 69 | 7.67–128 | 58 | 1.91 | 128–424 | 11 | 1.40 | 2.06 | 6.65 | 7.67 | 41.9 | 424 |
| Cadmium | 16 | 11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.05 | 1.56 | 0.10 | 2. | 8.81 |
| Chromium | 33 | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.06 | 4.80 | 0.60 | 1.60 | 3.95 |
| Cobalt | 9 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.06 | 3.17 | 0.05 | 1.02 | 15.7 |
| Copper | 91 | 48 | 0.75–4.39 | 37 | 0.23 | 4.39–336 | 11 | 13.1 | 0.42 | 11.6 | 0.75 | 2.01 | 336 |
| Iron | 453 | 381 | 1.42–33.3 | 235 | 1.07 | 33.3–5,730 | 146 | 5.53 | 4.81 | 7.23 | 1.42 | 23.2 | 5,730 |
| Lead | 11 | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.06 | 3.51 | 0.08 | 1.70 | 20.1 |
| Lithium | 25 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.52 | 2.21 | 0.73 | 19.0 | 85.0 |
| Manganese | 258 | 226 | 1.44–61.9 | 173 | 0.58 | 61.9–3,030 | 53 | 2.76 | 1.34 | 4.97 | 1.44 | 17.6 | 3,030 |
| Molybdenum | 77 | 29 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.05 | 1.76 | 0.84 | 2.66 | 11.8 |
| Nickel | 70 | 31 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.23 | 8.17 | 0.26 | 1.97 | 11.8 |
| Selenium | 58 | 33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.34 | 10.2 | 0.24 | 1.96 | 20.5 |
| Silver | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Strontium | 74 | 51 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.18 | 1.20 | 24.3 | 110 | 2,200 |
| Thallium | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | 31.1 | — | 0.09 | — |
| Uranium | 64 | 28 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.17 | 1.51 | 0.18 | 7.41 | 50.2 |
| Vanadium | 15 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.34 | 4.50 | 1.46 | 5.70 | 31.4 |
| Zinc | 85 | 37 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.36 | 18.6 | 1.27 | 7.44 | 4,220 |