Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: David Anning
      Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
      Title: Tributaries to major rivers and associated results for the SPARROW model of dissolved solids transport, Southwestern United States
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
      Series_Information:
      Publication_Information:
      Other_Citation_Details: These data will be published on the USGS Water Resources Nations Spatial Data Information node; however, at the time of documentation these data were unpublished.
      Online_Linkage: http://water.usgs.gov/maps.html
  Description:
    Abstract:
      This data set contains tributaries to major river reaches and associated results from the SPARROW model of dissolved solids transport in the Southwestern United States. Major rivers and their associated SPARROW model results are available in a separate layer (Major Rivers). The tributary reaches in this data set are a subset of a national data set. The metadata for the tributary data set is the original data set metadata; however, it was updated to reflect the changes that occured while creating this subset. This data set was used as part of U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5315, "Dissolved solids in basin-fill aquifers and streams in the Southwestern United States", by Anning and others (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/studies/mrb/salinity.html).



      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's River Reach File 1 (RF1)to
      ensure the hydrologic integrity of the digital reach traces and
      to quantify the mean water time of travel in river reaches and reservoirs
      [see USEPA (1996) for a description of the original RF1].
    Purpose:
      ERF1 has been recently used at the U.S.
      Geological Survey to support interpretations of stream water-quality
      monitoring network data (see Alexander and others, 1996; Smith and
      others, 1995).  In these analyses, the reach network has been used to
      determine flow pathways between the sources of point and nonpoint
      pollutants (e.g., fertilizer use, municipal wastewater discharges) and
      downstream water-quality monitoring locations in support of
      predictive water-quality models of stream nutrient transport.
    Supplemental_Information:
      Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
      purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
      U.S. Government.
      Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata
      file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form,
      as well as in ARC/INFO format, this metadata file may include some
      ARC/INFO-specific terminology.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 19990107
    Currentness_Reference: none
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -121.948398
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.550729
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.868992
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.851538
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Theme_Keyword: stream
      Theme_Keyword: river
      Theme_Keyword: network
      Theme_Keyword: sparrow
      Theme_Keyword: reach
      Theme_Keyword: RF1
      Theme_Keyword: Water Quality
      Theme_Keyword: Reservoir
      Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Place_Keyword: Conterminous United States
  Access_Constraints: none
  Use_Constraints:
    The version of RF1 used to compile ERF1 was an early edition of a USGS
    RF1 translation and was recently updated by USEPA (1996).  The capability
    of the enhanced version of RF1 (ERF1) and the current USEPA version has
    not been evaluated.  The user is referred to the USEPA version
    [see Web address given in the USEPA (1996) reference] for discussions
    of streamflow accuracy and general background on the origin of RF1.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: David Anning
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona Water Science Center
      Contact_Position: Hydrologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 2255 N. Gemini Drive
        City: Flagstaff
        State_or_Province: AZ
        Postal_Code: 86001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (928)556-7139
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dwanning@usgs.gov
  Data_Set_Credit:
    David L. Lorenz of the U.S. Geological Survey assembled
    the majority of the documentation for this data set.
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
      The direct drainage area of each reach (RCHAREA) was computed by
      Smith and others (1997) using a Theissen method.  It considers solely
      the distance to the nearest reach and does not consider any
      topographic features. It provides reasonably good estimates for
      higher-order streams, but is less accurate for lower orders.
      See process steps 3, 4, and 5, to assess the accuracy of MEANV,
      RCHTOT, and RESTOT.
  Logical_Consistency_Report:
    This data set is believed to provide complete and accurate
    connectivity among the streams represented. These arcs representing
    streams are intended to be presented in a TNODE to FNODE
    orientation. The arcs are pointing in a downstream direction.
  Completeness_Report:
    The set of streams represented reflects the choices in the
    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's "Reach File 1." See
    DeWald and others, 1985.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
        Reservoir and lake boundaries were removed from the original RF1
        data set. They are represented by a single trace to satisfy
        the connectivity requirements of the dataset.  ArcEdit functions
        were used to delineate centerlines within the RF1 shoreline
        boundaries.  The centerline reaches approximate the thalweg of each
        reservoir or lake.
        Shorlines of major estuaries and some coastal areas were added
        to the data set to serve as a stopping location for trace
        routines. Existing reaches extending within estuaries were deleted.
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Smith, R.A., Schwarz, G.E., and Alexander, R.B.
          Publication_Date: 19971201
          Title: Regional interpretation of water-quality monitoring data
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Water Resources Research
            Issue_Identification: Volume 33, Number 12, pp. 2781-2798
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
            Publisher: American Geophysical Union
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO coverage and ASCII files
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19971201
        Source_Currentness_Reference: none
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Smith and others, 1997
      Source_Contribution: Linework, connectivity, areas
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Smith, R.A., Alexander, R.B., and Schwarz, G.E.
          Publication_Date: 19950602
          Title: Quantifying fluvial interstate pollution transfers
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Spring Meeting
            Issue_Identification: June 2, 1995, Baltimore, Maryland.
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
            Publisher: American Geophysical Union
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19950602
        Source_Currentness_Reference: none
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Smith and others, 1995
      Source_Contribution: Linework, connectivity, areas
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Alexander, R.B., Smith, R.A., and Schwarz, G.E.
          Publication_Date: 19960101
          Title: the Gulf of Mexico
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Management Conference
            Issue_Identification: December 5-6, 1995, Kenner, Louisiana.
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Washington, DC
            Publisher: USEPA
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19971201
        Source_Currentness_Reference: none
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Alexander and others, 1996
      Source_Contribution: Linework, connectivity, areas
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: DeWald, T., Horn, R., Greenspun, R., and Taylor, P.
          Publication_Date: 19850101
          Title: STORET Reach Retrieval Documentation
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
            Publisher: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO coverage
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19950101
        Source_Currentness_Reference: none
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DeWald and others, 1985
      Source_Contribution: Linework and attributes
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
          Publication_Date: 19960101
          Title: United States (CONUS)
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
            Publisher: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
          Online_Linkage: http://nsdi.epa.gov/nsdi/projects/rf1_meta.html
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO Export
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19960101
        Source_Currentness_Reference: none
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USEPA 1996
      Source_Contribution: Linework and attributes
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
          Publication_Date: 19971201
          Title:
            United States (CONUS) as enhanced for NOAA's Strategic
            Environmental Assessments Division
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
            Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO Coverage
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19971201
        Source_Currentness_Reference: none
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA, 1997
      Source_Contribution: Linework and attributes
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Ruddy, B.C., and Hitt, K.J.
          Publication_Date: 19900101
          Title: United States and Puerto Rico
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report
            Issue_Identification: 90-163
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO coverage
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19900101
        Source_Currentness_Reference:
          April, 1998 on the World Wide Web at
          http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?RESERVOIR
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ruddy and Hitt, 1990
      Source_Contribution: Points and attributes for reservoirs.
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Omernik, J.M.
          Publication_Date: 19870101
          Title: Aquatic ecoregions of the conterminous United States
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Annals of the Association of American Geographers
            Issue_Identification: Volume 77, pp. 118-125
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: unknown
            Publisher: Association of American Geographers
      Type_of_Source_Media: map
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19870101
        Source_Currentness_Reference: none
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Omernik, 1987
      Source_Contribution: Ecoregions
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Allord, G.J..
          Publication_Date: 19920101
          Title: conterminous United States.
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report
            Issue_Identification: 90-163
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO coverage
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19920101
        Source_Currentness_Reference:
          April, 1998 on the World Wide Web at
          http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?huc2m
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Allord, 1992
      Source_Contribution: Hydrologic unit boundaries
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
          Publication_Date: 19970101
          Title: Federal Land Features of the U.S. (Polygon)
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: The National Atlas of the United States of America
            Issue_Identification: fedlandsm
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO coverage
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19920101
        Source_Currentness_Reference:
          July, 1998 on the World Wide Web at
          http://www-atlas.usgs.gov/fedlandsm.html
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS, 1997a
      Source_Contribution: Federal land polygons
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
          Publication_Date: 19970101
          Title: Federal Land Features of the U.S. (Linear)
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: model
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: The National Atlas of the United States of America
            Issue_Identification: parkwaysm
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Type_of_Source_Media: Arc/INFO coverage
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 19920101
        Source_Currentness_Reference:
          July, 1998 on the World Wide Web at
          http://www-atlas.usgs.gov/parkwaysm.html
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS, 1997a
      Source_Contribution: Wild amp Scenic Rivers
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: David Anning and others
          Publication_Date: 2007
          Title: Dissolved solids in basin-fill aquifers and streams in the Southwestern United States
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Report
            Issue_Identification: 2006-5315
          Publication_Information:
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
          Online_Linkage: http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/studies/mrb/salinity.html
      Type_of_Source_Media: digital data
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: stats
      Source_Contribution: SPARROW model results
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        (a) The RF1 trace file was edited to exclude reservoir shorelines.
        Segments with a TYPE='L' (lake shoreline segment) were removed from
        the file.
        (b) ArcEdit functions were used to create centerlines within the RF1
        shoreline boundaries.  A separate coverage of the shoreline segments
        was superpositioned as a backcover in ArcEdit and used as a guide in
        the manual positioning of the centerlines.  The downstream nodes of
        tributary reaches were moved (using the VERTEX MOVE ArcEdit command)
        and joined with other tributary nodes to form centerlines. The
        VERTEX ADD ArcEdit function was applied to centerline reaches in
        ArcEdit to ensure that the new arcs approximated the thalweg of each
        reservoir.
        A total of 4,180 reaches in 1,146 reservoirs were added as
        centerlines to produce a total of 60,298 reaches in ERF1 trace file.
        [Note that in one case the interior reach extends beyond the
        reservoir boundaries (ERF1##=10117).  In future editions of the
        file, a node will be added at the reservoir outlet.  Also note that
        the attributes listed in the ERF1.AAT file may not be accurate for
        centerlines because these reaches were created from reservoir
        tributary reaches.]
      Process_Date: 19981207
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        Using the ArcPlot TRACE function, the connectivity of reaches was
        determined by navigating upstream from all reaches where there
        is no downstream reach. These reaches are called terminal reaches.
        Disruptions in navigation resulting from disconnected nodes or, more
        commonly, improperly oriented arcs were corrected in ArcEdit by
        joining nodes or "flipping" the arc direction, respectively.  To
        conform with TRACE requirements, from-nodes (FNODE#) were located at
        the downstream end of each reach and to-nodes (TNODE#) were located
        at the upstream end of the reaches.  This node orientation is
        maintained in the final version of ERF1.
        Fewer than 10 disruptions were detected in navigation in each of
        water-resources regions.  Additional edits were performed to
        correct a few instances of circular reaches (identical to- and
        from-nodes) and inaccurate digital representations of rivers.
      Process_Date: 19981207
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        For approximately 5,600 reaches with missing mean velocity values
        (and positive mean streamflow values), estimates of mean velocity
        were made using the regression-based approach developed by W.E. Gates
        and Associates (USEPA, written communication, Nov 1982, "Reach
        File Enhancements, Chapter 3, Development of time-of-travel
        predictions).  The authors developed regression relations for each
        of 9 stream orders from USGS topographic sheets that were used to
        predict velocity as a function of streamflow and stream order.  The
        calibration data set consisted of 2229 time-of-travel/velocity/
        discharge measurements.  Velocity is related to log-transformed
        flow and flow squared separately for data from each stream order.
        Because of differences in stream order of USGS topographic maps and
        RF1 scale digitizations, a probability matrix was established to
        compute a stream-order weighted estimate of velocity for ERF1.
      Process_Date: 19981207
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        The reach time-of-travel (RCHTOT) in units of days was computed as
        the quotient of reach length and reach velocity for 59,364 reaches
        with positive values of velocity such that
        RCHTOT = C1 * LENGTH / MEANV                    (1)
        where C1 is a conversion factor of 0.00003797 ft-day/meter-second,
        LENGTH is the length in meters of the Arc reach segment, and MEANV
        is the mean velocity in feet per second.  Reaches with missing
        time-of-travel are assigned a value of zero.
      Process_Date: 19981207
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        (a) ERF1 centerlines were associated with the RF1
        shoreline features and attributes (i.e., reservoir name in
        PNAME and unique reservoir code in PNMCD) by converting reservoir
        shoreline segments to polygons and intersecting these polygons
        with the centerlines.  A total of 4,180 reaches were linked
        to 1,146 reservoirs with shoreline boundaries in RF1.
        (b) These centerline reaches were digitally matched with
        reservoirs identified in the USGS reservoir file (Ruddy and Hitt,
        1990) by linking each reservoir to the nearest centerline within
        10 kilometers using the Arc NEAR function.  The USGS reservoir
        file consists of 2,728 reservoirs with normal capacity of at least
        5,000 acre-feet or maximum capacities of at least 25,000 acre-feet
        and that were completed as of January 1, 1988.  These reservoirs
        are digitally represented by points in an Arc coverage which represent
        the location of the center of the dam. [see Web location cited in
        references for Ruddy and Hitt (1990)].
        Manual verification of reservoir-RF1 reach links were completed by
        comparing the river and reservoir names in RF1 to those in the
        USGS reservoir file, and by visual inspection for agreement
        between the centerlines and reservoir shoreline boundaries.
        A total of 815 reservoirs were matched with RF1 shorelines
        features (350 unmatched RF1 water bodies).  Of these 815
        reservoirs, there are 19 pairs of reservoirs that match the same
        RF1 water body (i.e., duplicate PNMCD-RES values in the file
        ERF1.RESINT), and 2 RF1 water bodies that match the same USGS
        reservoir RESERVOIR##=1004).  Reservoir residence time (i.e.,
        time-of-travel or RESTOT) in units of days was computed for 810
        reservoirs with available values of normal capacity and outflow
        such that
        RESTOT = NORMCAP / MEANQ-OUT * C2               (2)
        where NORMCAP is the normal capacity in acre-feet from the USGS
        reservoir file, MEANQ-OUT is the mean streamflow for the immediate
        reach downstream of the reservoir, and C2 is a conversion factor
        of 0.50416 cubic feet-day/acre feet-second.  Reservoirs with
        missing time-of-travel values are assigned a value of zero.
        The reservoir attributes for 1,165 reservoirs appear in the file
        ERF1.RESINT.
        (c) Remaining reservoirs in the USGS reservoir file were initially
        matched to RF1 reaches located outside of the RF1 shoreline
        boundaries using the Arc NEAR criterion of 10 kilometers described
        previously.  Manual verification of links was initially completed
        by comparing the river names with those in the USGS reservoir
        file.
        An automated graphical display using AML was created to allow visual
        verification and correction of the remaining reservoir-reach links
        and previous links that were in question.  USGS topographic maps
        were used in combination with the display aml to obtain accurate
        reservoir-reach matches.
        A total of 1,322 reservoirs were matched to 1,245 RF1 reaches
        external to RF1 shoreline boundaries (RESCODE = 3, 4, or 5).
        Multiple reservoirs were linked to 67 reaches (2 reaches with 4
        reservoirs each; 6 reaches with 3 reservoirs each; and 59 reaches
        with 2 reservoirs each).  Reservoir residence time in units of
        days (RESTOT) was computed for 1,296 reservoirs with available
        values of normal capacity and streamflow such that
        RESTOT = NORMCAP / MEANQ * C2                  (3)
        where MEANQ is the RF1 reach mean streamflow.
        The reservoir attributes for 1,322 reservoirs appear in the file
        ERF1.RESEXT.
      Process_Date: 19981207
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        Major estuaries and coastal shorelines were added from the
        National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration USEPA Reach
        File Version 1.0 (RF1) (NOAA, 1997) for the Conterminous United
        States (CONUS) as enhanced for NOAA's Strategic Environmental
        Assessments Division. Shorelines and estuary boundaries were
        snapped to existing reaches and assigned ERF1## and E2RF1## values of
        80000.
        For identification purposes, the shorelines and estuary boundaries
        maintained the USEPA items for identification purpose.
        In addition, TERMFLAG = 3 for these shoreline segments.
      Process_Date: 19990404
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        Major river basins where MEANQ gt 5000 were checked for connectivity
        and orientation using the ARCPLOT TRACE commands. The following
        corrections were made. Numbers represent attribute ERF1##. An item
        E2RF1## was added to reflect changes in the unique identifier of
        reaches and will be used in future modeling applications.
        ERF1## and E2RF1## are equal except for the first three transport
        reaches corrected listed below.
        4368  Susquehanna confluence is at the wrong location.
        Used all attributes from the downstream reach
        3422. New E2RF1## = 65000
        32047 snapped to 32051, Calc TERMFLAG = 0
        upstream 32051 E2RF1## calculated to 65001
        32048 snapped to 32051, Calc TERMFLAG = 0
        upstream 32051 E2RF1## calculated to 65002
        54175 and 54176 snapped to 53437. New upstream reach created and
        merged (unsplit) with ERF1## 53438.
        2817 and 3038 intertwined at upstream end
        split reach 3083 at 1:2m hydrologic unit boundary (Huc bnd)
        and deleted upstream end .
        6734 - Upper reach duplicated by 10493 (Little Ogeechee R.)
        split 10493 at huc bnd and deleted upstream end
        11945 and 12634 intertwined upstream
        split both at Huc bnd, deleted upstream ends
        13879 and 13880 are intertwined
        Deleted 13880, wrong location
        15384 and 15402 - intertwined at upstream ends
        split 15402 at Huc bnd, deleted upstream end
        17258 and 7875 - intertwined at upstream end
        split 7875 at Huc bnd, deleted upstream end
        19453 and 19452 - intertwined,
        Deleted 19452, wrong location
        23117 and 32841 intertwined at upstream ends
        split 23117 at Huc bnd, deleted upstream
        52204 and 47249 intertwined at upstream ends
        split both 52204 and 47249 at Huc bnd and deleted
        upstream ends
        53575 and 53574 intertwined upstream
        split both 53575 and 53574  at Huc bnd and deleted
        upstream ends
        53786 and 54262 intertwined upstream
        split 54262 at huc bnd and deleted upstream end
        3322  - deleted unnecessary arcs, corrected node toploogy
        5645  - deleted unnecessary arcs, corrected node toploogy
        10527 - Snapped to 10534, W. Br. Cooper R.
        6187 - Snapped to 6195, S. Santee
        6720 - deleted unnecessary arcs, corrected node topology
        11829 - corrected topology
        13559 deleted zingers, L shaped arcs
        16257 and 16636 - unsnapped nodes at upstream end
        15979 and 16584 - unsnapped nodes at upstream end
        Unsnapped nodes at upstream 21922 from 21911
        22744 removed and unsplit to 22745
        re-calculated RCHAREA
        Flipped 31870 31873, Calc TERMFLAG = 0
        32013 snapped, Calc TERMFLAG = 0
        57137 and 57141 Flipped and snapped
        57101 snapped to node
        51065 snapped to node
        31249 and 34050 intertwined at upstream ends
        split 31249 at Huc bnd, deleted upstream end.
      Process_Date: 19990501
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        All coastal shoreline reachs (E2RF1## gt 80000), TERMFLAG = 3.
        TERMFLAG for disconnected reaches and reaches flowing
        outside continental US = 2. TERMFLAG for reaches ending
        at the shoreline to terminate modeling applications = 1.
      Process_Date: 19990519
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        Reaches with missing or zero MEANQ or MEANV values (932) were
        assigned -9999.99. RESTOT and RCHTOT that would result in a
        negative values were also assigned -9999.99.
      Process_Date: 19990719
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Data clipped to study area boundary.
      Process_Date: 2005
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Jim Monical
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona Water Science Center
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: 520 N. Park Avenue, Suite 221
            City: Tucson
            State_or_Province: AZ
            Postal_Code: 85719
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (520)670-6671
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jmonical@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Deleted major river features. Deleted unneeded attributes.  Added and polulated attributes from the SPARROW model results.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: stats
      Process_Date: 2006
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Marilyn Flynn
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona Water Science Center
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: 2255 N. Gemini Drive
            City: Flagstaff
            State_or_Province: AZ
            Postal_Code: 86001
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (928)556-7184
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: meflynn@usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
  Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4478
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area
        Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
          Standard_Parallel: 29.500000
          Standard_Parallel: 45.500000
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.000000
          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.000000
          False_Easting: 0.000000
          False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 0.002048
          Ordinate_Resolution: 0.002048
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
      Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
  Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.000010
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Tributaries
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Shape
      Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: PNAME
      Attribute_Definition: The name of the stream reach.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: E2RF1
      Attribute_Definition: New reach id for the enhanced RF1 network (version 2).
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: WATERID
      Attribute_Definition: Original reach number for the RF1 network.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: RVR_RCH
      Attribute_Definition: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency stream reach number.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: DAREA
      Attribute_Definition: Drainage area for reach catchment of interest and all upstream reach catchments.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: RC_DAREA
      Attribute_Definition: Drainage area for reach catchment, which includes only the area that contributes runoff received by the reach of interest and excludes the drainage area for upstream reaches.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: PLOAD
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates predicted annual load for stream reach. Replaced with observed load for reaches with a stream-water-quality monitoring site.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SE_PLOAD
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates standard error for predicted annual load, which is a measure of the data uncertainty.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARE_CR
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates the share of the predicted annual load for the stream reach that originates from crystalline rock sources.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARE_VR
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates the share of the predicted annual load for the stream reach that originates from volcanic rock sources.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARE_SED
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates the share of the predicted annual load for the stream reach that originates from sedimentary and eugeosynclinal rock sources.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARE_CPL
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates the share of the predicted annual load for the stream reach that originates from cultivated and pasture land sources.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARE_IW
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates the share of the predicted annual load for the stream reach that originates from imported water transported into the reach of interest and upstream reaches.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: PLOADRC
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates predicted annual deliveries to stream reach from reach-catchment sources.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SE_PLOADC
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates standard error for predicted annual deliveries from reach-catchment sources, which is a measure of the data uncertainty.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARERC_CR
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates share of predicted annual reach-catchment deliveries from crystalline rocks.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARERC_VR
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates share of predicted annual reach-catchment deliveries from volcanic rocks.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARERC_SED
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates share of predicted annual reach-catchment deliveries from sedimentary and eugeosynclinal rocks.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARERC_CPL
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates share of predicted annual reach-catchment deliveries from cultivated and pasture lands.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: SHARERC_IW
      Attribute_Definition: Indicates share of predicted annual reach-catchment deliveries from water imported to reach catchment.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Shape_Length
      Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in internal units.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
      Brief description of the attributes of the ERF1 geospatial data
      set and associated INFO files. Fields defined in original RF1 may
      not have the correct information because of enhancement processing.
      See USEPA (1996) for documentation for RF1.  See Ruddy and Hitt (1990)
      for documentation of reservoir codes. See NOAA (1997) for
      documentation for NOAA codes.
      >
      ERF1.AAT: Arc Attribute Table
      >    1  FNODE#                 4     5     B
      >    5  TNODE#                 4     5     B
      >    9  LPOLY#                 4     5     B
      >   13  RPOLY#                 4     5     B
      >   17  LENGTH                 4    12     F
      >   21  ERF1#                  4     5     B
      >   25  ERF1-ID                4     5     B
      >   29  HUC                    8     8     I
      >   37  SEG                    3     3     I
      >   40  RFLAG                  1     1     C
      >   41  OWFLAG                 1     1     C
      >   42  TFLAG                  1     1     C
      >   43  SFLAG                  1     1     C
      >   44  TYPE                   1     1     C
      >   45  SEGL                   4     5     F
      >   49  LEV                    2     2     I
      >   51  PNAME                 30    30     C
      >   81  PNMCD                 11    11     C
      >   92  OWNAME                30    30     C
      >  122  OWNMCD                11    11     C
      >  133  RESCODE                4     5     B
      >  137  RESVOIR1               4     5     B
      >  141  RESVOIR2               4     5     B
      >  145  RESVOIR3               4     5     B
      >  149  RESVOIR4               4     5     B
      >  153  ERF1##                 4     5     B
      >  157  E2RF1##                4     5     B
      >  161  PNAME-RES             30    30     C
      >  191  PNMCD-RES             11    11     C
      >  202  MEANQ                  4    10     F
      >  206  MEANV                  4    10     F
      >  210  RCHAREA                4     9     F
      >  214  TOTAREA                4     9     F
      >  218  STRAHLER               4     5     B
      >  222  STATE1                 2     2     I
      >  224  STATE2                 2     2     I
      >  226  STATE3                 2     2     I
      >  228  RCHTOT                 4    12     F
      >  232  RESTOT                 4    12     F
      >  236  TERMFLAG               4     5     B
      >  240  CONTFLAG               4     5     B
      >  244  LRATIO                 4    12     F
      >  248  EDACDA                 5     5     C
      >  253  EDANAME               50    50     C
      >           **  REDEFINED ITEMS  **
      >   29  RR                    11    11     C
      >   29  HUC2                   2     2     I
      >   29  HUC4                   4     4     I
      >   29  HUC6                   6     6     I
      >
      > Item Name      Description
      >
      > CONTFLAG       Continental flag (see below).
      > EDACDA         NOAA code identifying estuarine/coastal drainage
      >                areas for major estuaries in the United States.
      > EDANAME        NOAA name identifying estuarine/coastal drainage
      >                areas for major estuaries in the United States.
      > ERF1#          Arc internal number of the arc.
      > ERF1##         Unique key identifying the reach Version 1 files.
      > E2RF1##        A secondary unique reach identification number that
      >                reflects revisions in process steps 6 and 7.
      > ERF1-ID        Arc identification number.
      > FNODE#         Internal number of the from node.
      > HUC            Hydrologic Cataloging unit of the reach.
      > HUC2           Hydrologic Region of the reach.
      > HUC4           Hydrologic Subregion of the reach.
      > HUC6           Hydrologic Accounting unit of the reach.
      > LENGTH         Reach length in meters.
      > LEV            The stream level used for hierarchical relationships, defined in RF1.
      > LPOLY#         Internal number of the left polygon, always zero.
      > LRATIO         Indicates fraction of reach lying within continental
      >                boundaries, see CONTFLAG.
      > MEANQ          Mean streamflow for reach, in cubic feet per second.
      >                -9999.99 = nodata
      > MEANV          Velocity corresponding to mean streamflow for reach,
      >                in feet per second.
      > OWFLAG         Open water flag defined in RF1.
      > OWNAME         Open water name defined in RF1.
      > OWNMCD         Open water name code, defined in RF1.
      > PNAME          Name of the reach defined in RF1.
      > PNAME-RES      Reservoir name, defined in RF1.
      > PNMCD          Reach name code defined in RF1.
      > PNMCD-RES      Reservoir name code, defined in RF1.  Link from arc
      >                attribute table (ERF1.AAT) to the resint table
      >                (ERF1.RESINT).
      > RCHAREA        Total area associated with reach, in square kilometers.
      > RCHTOT         Reach water time of travel (days). -9999.99 = nodata
      > RESCODE        Reservoir reach type code (see below).
      > RESTOT         Reservoir time of travel associated with the reach,
      >                in days (see below). -9999.99 = nodata
      > RESVOIR1       Reservoir identification number 1 (see below).
      > RESVOIR2       Reservoir identification number 2 (see below).
      > RESVOIR3       Reservoir identification number 3 (see below).
      > RESVOIR4       Reservoir identification number 4 (see below).
      > RFLAG          Transport reach flag defined in RF1.
      > RPOLY#         Internal number of the right polygon, always zero.
      > RR             "River Reach" identifier. Key to RF1.
      > SEG            The 3-digit segment number.
      > SEGL           The reach length defined in RF1.
      > SFLAG          Start flag defined in RF1.
      > STATE1         State fips code 1.
      > STATE2         State fips code 2.
      > STATE3         State fips code 3.
      > STRAHLER       Strahler stream order of the reach.
      > TERMFLAG       Terminal reach flag used for model applications.
      > TFLAG          Terminal flag defined in RF1.
      > TNODE#         Internal number of the TO node.
      > TOTAREA        Total area above reach outlet, in square kilometers.
      > TYPE           The reach type defined in RF1.
      >
      > ERF1.NAT: Node Attribute Table
      >
      > COLUMN   ITEM NAME        WIDTH OUTPUT  TYPE N.DEC
      >    1  ARC#                   4     5     B      -
      >    5  ERF1#                  4     5     B      -
      >    9  ERF1-ID                4     5     B      -
      >
      > ARC#           Internal number in the node attribute table.
      > ERF1#          Internal number of the arc.
      > ERF1-ID        Unique identifier. Primary key.
      >
      >ERF1.RESATTS: Reservoir Statistics table
      >
      >COLUMN   ITEM NAME        WIDTH OUTPUT  TYPE N.DEC
      >    1  FIPS                   5     5     I      0
      >    6  STATE                  2     2     C      -
      >    8  NUM                    3     3     I      -
      >   11  DAMNAME               37    37     C      -
      >   48  RESNAME               26    26     C      -
      >   74  OWNERNAME             20    20     C      -
      >   94  OWNERCODE              1     1     C      -
      >   95  SIZECODE               1     1     C      -
      >   96  MAXCAP                 9     9     N      0
      >  105  NORMCAP                9     9     N      0
      >  114  SURFCAP                9     9     N      0
      >  123  POPNAME               37    37     C      -
      >  160  HUC                    8     8     I      -
      >  168  RIVER                 29    29     C      -
      >  197  YEAR                   4     4     I      -
      >  201  PURP                  10    10     C      -
      >  211  HEIGHT                 5     5     N      0
      >  216  HYDCAP                 8     8     N      0
      >  224  LOCKS                  1     1     I      -
      >  225  SOURCE                 1     1     C      -
      >  226  SURFAREA               9     9     N      0
      >  235  SURFACODE              1     1     C      -
      >  236  STORAT                 4     4     N      2
      >  240  STORATCODE             1     1     C      -
      >  241  DRAINAREA              9     9     N      2
      >  250  STLINE                 1     1     I      -
      >  251  ALTST                  2     2     C      -
      >  253  ALTID                  5     5     I      -
      >  258  REV                    4     4     F      1
      >  262  LONDD                  4    12     F      6
      >  266  LATDD                  4    12     F      6
      >  270  RESERVOIR##            4     5     B      -
      >     **  REDEFINED ITEMS  **
      >    1  FIPSST                 2     2     I      -
      >    3  FIPSCNTY               3     3     I      -
      >    6  STATENUM               5     5     C      -
      >  160  HUC2                   2     2     I      -
      >  160  HUC4                   4     4     I      -
      >  160  HUC6                   6     6     I      -
      >
      > ALTID          Alternate state id number, defined in reservoir.
      > ALTST          Adjacent state FIPS code, defined in reservoir.
      > DAMNAME        Name of dam, defined in reservoir.
      > DRAINAREA      Drainage area above dam, in square miles.  Defined in
      >                reservoir.
      > FIPS           The 5-digit FIPS code for the state and county.
      > FIPSCNTY       The 3-digit FIPS code for the county.
      > FIPSST         The 2-digit FIPS code for the state.
      > HEIGHT         Height of dam, in feet.  Defined in reservoir.
      > HYDCAP         Installed power capacity of dam, in megawatts.
      >                Defined in reservoir.
      > LATDD          Latitude of dam, defined in reservoir.
      > LOCKS          The number of navigation locks, defined in reservoir.
      > LONDD          Longitude of dam, defined in reservoir.
      > MAXCAP         Maximum capacity of reservoir, in acre feet. Defined
      >                in reservoir.
      > NORMCAP        Normal capacity, acre-ft, of the reservoir of which
      >                the reach is part.  Defined in reservoir.
      > NUM            Arbitrary sequence number of dam, defined in reservoir.
      > OWNERCODE      Owner of dam code, defined in reservoir.
      > OWNERNAME      Name of owner of dam, defined in reservoir.
      > POPNAME        Popular name of dam, defined in reservoir.
      > PURP           Major purpose of dam, defined in reservoir.
      > RESERVOIR##    Link between the arc attribute table and reservoir tables.
      > RESNAME        Name of reservoir, defined in reservoir.
      > REV            Revision number for reservoir data, defined in reservoir.
      > RIVER          Name of river on which dam is built, defined in
      >                reservoir.
      > SIZECODE       Reservoir size code, defined in reservoir.
      > SOURCE         Source of changes to reservoir files, defined in
      >                reservoir.
      > STATE          State fips code, defined in reservoir.
      > STATENUM       State and sequence number for reservoir, defined in
      >                reservoir.
      > STLINE         Flag to indicate dam is on state line, defined in
      >                reservoir.
      > STORAT         Storage ratio, defined in reservoir.
      > STORATCODE     Storage ration code, defined in reservoir.
      > SURFACODE      Surface area code, defined in reservoir.
      > SURFAREA       Surface area of reservoir, in acres.  Defined in
      >                reservoir.
      > SURFCAP        Capacity used to calculate surface area, defined in
      >                reservoir.
      > YEAR           The year the dam was completed, defined in reservoir.
      **********************************************************************************
      >ERF1.RESEXT: Reservoir Statistics table
      >
      >COLUMN   ITEM NAME        WIDTH OUTPUT  TYPE N.DEC
      >    1  ERF1##                 4     5     B      -
      >    5  RESERVOIR##            4     5     B      -
      >    9  RESCODE                4     5     B      -
      >   13  PNAME-RES             30    30     C      -
      >   43  PNMCD-RES             11    11     C      -
      >   54  MEANQ                  4    10     F      2
      >   58  RESTOT                 4    12     F      5
      >
      > ERF1##         Unique key identifying the reach.
      > MEANQ          Mean streamflow for reach, in cubic feet per second.
      > PNAME-RES      Reservoir name, defined in RF1.
      > PNMCD-RES      Reservoir name code, defined in RF1.  Link from arc
      > RESCODE        Reservoir reach type code (see below).
      > RESERVOIR##    Link between the arc attribute table and reservoir tables.
      > RESTOT         Reservoir time of travel associated with the reach,
      >                 in days (see below).
      ********************************************************************************
      >ERF1.RESINT:
      >
      >COLUMN   ITEM NAME        WIDTH OUTPUT  TYPE N.DEC
      >    1  RESERVOIR##            4     5     B      -
      >    5  RESCODE                4     5     B      -
      >    9  PNAME-RES             30    30     C      -
      >   39  PNMCD-RES             11    11     C      -
      >   50  RESTOT                 4    12     F      5
      >   54  MEANQ-OUT              4    10     F      2
      >
      > MEANQ-OUT      Mean streamflow for reach below reservoir, in cubic
      >                 feet per second.
      > PNAME-RES      Reservoir name, defined in RF1.
      > PNMCD-RES      Reservoir name code, defined in RF1.  Link from arc
      > RESCODE        Reservoir reach type code (see below).
      > RESERVOIR##    Link between the arc attribute table and reservoir tables.
      > RESTOT         Reservoir time of travel associated with the reach,
      >                 in days (see below).
      *******************************************************************************
      >Additional explanation and domains of items in ERF1 and reservor tables.
      >Some attributes are from original RF1 data, and may have changed due to
      >enhanced processing.
      >
      CONTFLAG
      > Code to approximately separate fresh-water from tidally
      > influenced reaches.
      >    0 == Fresh-water reach, LRATIO gt= .50.
      >    1 == Tidal reach, LRATIO lt .50.
      OWFLAG -- RF1 attribute
      > Open Water Flag
      >    0 == Non Open Water
      >    1 == Open Water
      RESCODE
      > [Note that hydraulic data displayed in the file RESV%%%%.TXT
      > (where %%%% is a unique supplier intake and reach identification
      > number), including water time of travel,  are not available for
      > all impoundments]
      >    1,2 == The reach is interior to RF1 shoreline features
      >    3   == The reach is the outlet reach for a reservoir with RF1
      >           shoreline features
      >    4   == No shoreline features are present in the RF1 coverage
      >    5   == No shoreline features are present in the RF1 coverage;
      >           the reservoir is an "offstream" facility that may divert
      >           river flow (no reservoir characteristics are reported
      >           for these cases)
      >
      RESTOT
      > Where RESTOT is a positive value, the reservoir residence time
      > (computed  as quotient of the normal capacity of the reservoir
      > and the streamflow at the outlet of the reservoir) is used to
      > define the water time of travel in the  reach.  Where multiple
      > reaches are associated with a single reservoir, the reach share
      > of the reservoir residence time is proportional to the reach
      > length relative to the total reach length of the reservoir.
      >
      RESVOIR1, RESVOIR2, RESVOIR3, RESVOIR4
      > Identification number for impoundments with hydraulic data.  The
      > ID number corresponds to RESERVOIR## in the ERF1.RESATTS file.
      > Note that multiple reservoirs may be associated with a reach.
      >
      RFLAG -- RF1 attribute
      >     0 == Non-Transport reach
      >     1 == Transport reach, RF1 attribute
      SFLAG -- RF1 attribute
      >     0 == Non-Start reach, RF1 attribute
      >     1 == Start reach, RF1 attribute
      TFLAG -- RF1 attribute
      >     0 == Non-Terminal Reach, RF1 attribute
      >     1 == Terminal reach, RF1 attribute
      TERMFLAG -- Modeling applications
      >     0 == Transport reach
      >     1 == Terminal reach
      >     2 == Non-connected, or exits to a closed basin
      >     3 == Shoreline reach
      TYPE -- RF1 attribute
      > Reach Type - The term "reach type", not to be confused with any of the
      > Reach File record types, refers to a one-character code assigned to each
      > RF1 reach to categorize transport reaches and shoreline reaches as follows:
      >     A. Artificial Lake Reach (A transport reach). An artificial reach
      >        within a lake or reservoir inserted in the file to provide
      >        connection between input and output reaches of the open water.
      >     B. Bi-directional Reach (A transport reach). A reach for which the
      >        direction of flow is ambiguous.
      >     C. Coastal or Continental Shoreline Segment (A shoreline reach) A
      >        reach which represents a segment of a shoreline of a gulf, sea, or
      >        ocean.
      >     D. Dam Reach (A transport reach). A reach which is a dam through
      >        which and/or around which water flows. This type of reach has the
      >        same primary and open water names as the next reach upstream.
      >     E. Entry Reach (A transport reach). A reach which receives flow
      >        from Canada or Mexico.
      >     F. Falls Reach (A transport reach). A reach which is either a
      >        waterfall, drop spillway, or a reach of rapids.
      >     G. Great Lakes Shoreline Segment (A shoreline reach). A reach which
      >        represents a segment of a shoreline of the the Great Lakes.
      >     I. Island Shoreline Segment (A shoreline reach). A reach which
      >        represents a segment of a shoreline of an island.
      >     L. Lake Shoreline Segment (A shoreline reach). A segment which follows
      >        the shoreline of a lake other than one of the Great Lakes.
      >     M. Artificial Open Water Reach (A transport reach). An artificial
      >        reach within any open water, other than a lake or reservoir, to
      >        provide connection between input and output reaches of the open
      >        water.
      >     N. Non-Connected Reach (A transport reach). A reach not having codes
      >        to link it to other reaches.
      >     R. Regular Reach (A transport reach). A reach which has upstream and
      >        downstream reaches connected to it and which is not classified as
      >        another type of reach.
      >     S. Start Reach (A transport reach). A headwater reach which has no
      >        reaches above it and either one or two transport reaches connected
      >        to its downstream end.
      >     T. Terminal Reach (A transport reach). A reach downstream of which
      >        there is no other reach (for example, a reach which terminates
      >        into an ocean, a land-locked lake, or the ground). This type of
      >        reach has either one or two reaches connected to its upstream end.
      >     V. Open Water Terminal Reach (A transport reach). A reach which is both
      >        a terminal reach and an artificial open water reach.
      >     W. Wide-River Shoreline Segment (A shoreline reach). A reach which
      >        represents a segment of the left or right bank of a stream.
      >     X. Terminal Start Reach (A transport reach). A reach which is both a
      >        terminal reach and a start reach.
      >     Y. International Boundary Reach (A transport reach). A reach extending
      >        along a portion of an international boundary. Occurences of this
      >        type of reach are not actual surface water features. Instead, they
      >        are a type of artificial reach. They have been inserted in the file
      >        for database navigation between reaches along streams which flow
      >        out and then back into the US. They are not intended for usual
      >        studies of streamflow or the fate of pollutants.
      >     Z. Terminal Entry Reach (A transport reach). A reach which is both a
      >        terminal reach and an entry reach.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Ask USGS - Water Webserver Team
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: 507 National Center
        City: Reston
        State_or_Province: VA
        Postal_Code: 20192
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS)
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: http://answers.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/gsanswers?pemail=h2oteam&subject=GIS+Dataset+erf1
  Resource_Description:
    These data will be published on the USGS Water Resources Nations Spatial Data Information node (http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getgislist); however, at the time of documentation these data were unpublished. 

    Original reach data set available from http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/erf1_2.xml
  Distribution_Liability:
    Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological
    Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or
    implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy
    of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not 
    constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by 
    the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or 
    related materials.

    Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
    purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
    Government.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Export
        Format_Information_Content: Full coverage
        File_Decompression_Technique: zipped
        Transfer_Size: 1
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/dsdl/erf1.e00.gz
    Fees: None. This dataset is provided by USGS as a public service.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20071004
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Person: REQUIRED: The person responsible for the metadata information.
      Contact_Position: Ask USGS -- Water Webserver Team
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing
        Address: 507 National Center
        City: Reston
        State_or_Province: VA
        Postal_Code: 20192
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS)
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: http://answers.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/gsanswers?pemail=h2oteam&subject=GIS+Dataset+erf1
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile