Metadata.txt Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2007 Title: Field demonstrations of five geophysical methods that could be used to characterize deposits of alluvial aggregate Edition: none Series_Information: Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Report Issue_Identification: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Reports 2007-5226 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, CO, USA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5226 Description: Abstract: Personnel from the U.S. Geological Survey and Martin Marietta Aggregates, Inc., conducted field demonstrations of five different geophysical methods to show how these methods could be used to characterize deposits of alluvial aggregate. The methods were time-domain electromagnetic sounding, electrical resistivity profiling, S-wave reflection profiling, S-wave refraction profiling, and P-wave refraction profiling. All demonstrations were conducted at one site located within a river valley in central Indiana, where the stratigraphy consisted of 1 to 2 m of clay-rich soil, 20 to 35 m of alluvial sand and gravel, 1 to 6 m of clay, and multiple layers of limestone and dolomite bedrock. All geophysical methods, except time-domain electromagnetic sounding, provided information about the alluvial aggregate that was consistent with the known geology. Although time-domain electromagnetic sounding did not work well at this site, it has worked well at other sites with different geology. All of these geophysical methods complement traditional methods of geologic characterization such as drilling. Purpose: In this study, the geophysical techniques of time-domain electromagnetic sounding, electrical resistivity profiling, S-wave reflection profiling, S-wave refraction profiling, and P-wave refraction profiling are demonstrated to show how they can characterize sand and gravel deposits. We discuss the results of these geophysical surveys and the advantages and limitations of the various methods. Supplemental_Information: Data and image files accompany this document, either online or on compact disk (CD). See the folder DATA and the file README.DOC for additional information. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 200503 Ending_Date: 200504 Currentness_Reference: Data creation and revision dates Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -87 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -85 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: geophysics Theme_Keyword: sand and gravel deposits Theme_Keyword: reflection seismic Theme_Keyword: refraction seismic Theme_Keyword: electrical resistivity profiling Theme_Keyword: time-domain electromagnetic sounding Theme_Keyword: S-wave reflection profiling Theme_Keyword: S-wave refraction profiling Theme_Keyword: P-wave refraction profiling Theme_Keyword: alluvium Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: Indiana Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: none Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Karl J. Ellefsen Contact_Position: Geophysicist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: Box 25046 DFC MS 964 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225-0046 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-7032 Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: none Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: none Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ellefsen@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: email preferred Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20070226 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jeffrey E. Lucius Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geophysicist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: Box 25046 DFC MS 964 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225-0046 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-236-1413 Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: none Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: none Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lucius@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: email preferred Metadata_Standard_Name: none Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998