Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5027
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5027
Table 3. Pesticide compounds detected in the lower Clackamas River basin, Oregon, 2000–2005.
[Type: H, herbicide; I, insecticide; F, fungicide; N, nematocide; M, molluscicide; HD, herbicide degradate; ID, insecticide degradate. Symbols: **, pesticide exceeded a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) aquatic-life benchmark; *, pesticide exceeded a non-USEPA aquatic-life benchmark; _, indicates a pesticide degradate; #, pesticide compound not detected since the 2000–2001 study]
| Pesticide or degradate | Type | Commercial products/ common or trade name |
Chemical class | Percent detection | Number of pesticide detections | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parent com- pounds |
Degra- dates |
Sample type | Study (years) | |||||||||||
| Tribu- taries |
Clackamas River/ source water |
Finished drinking water |
Phase I (2000– 2001) |
SWQA (2002– 2005) |
EUSE (2003– 2004) |
Phase II (2005) |
||||||||
| 2,4-D methyl ester | H | Pestanal, Methyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetate | Chlorophenoxy acid | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| 2,4-D* | H | Crossbow, Aqua-Kleen, Lawn-Keep, Weed-B-Gone, Fernesa | Chlorophenoxy acid | 35 | 33 | 28 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 26 | ||
| 2,4-DP | H | Dichlorprop, Seritox 50, Kildip, Lentemul | Chlorophenoxy acid | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Atrazine | H | AAtrex, Atrex, Atred, Gesaprim | Triazine | 47 | 55 | 46 | 8 | 1 | 13 | 7 | 16 | 19 | ||
| _Deethylatrazine (CIAT) | HD | Atrazine degradate, DEA, desethylatrazine | Triazine | 31 | 36 | 31 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 18 | 6 | ||
| _Hydroxyatrazine (OIET) | HD | Atrazine degradate | Triazine | 8 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | ||
| Azinphos-methyl** | I | AZM, Carfene, Guthion, Gusathion M | Organothiophosphate | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Benomyl | F | Benlate, Agrocit, Benex, Benosan, Fundazol | Carbamate | 5 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||
| Bentazon | H | Basagran, Bentazone, Bendioxide | N heterocycle | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Bromacil | H | Hyvar X, Urox B, Bromax | Uracil | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Carbaryl*1 | I | Carbamine, Denapon, Sevin, Savit | Carbamate | 18 | 21 | 18 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 14 | ||
| _1-Naphthol | HD/ID | Carbaryl/napropamide degradate, alpha-naphthol | Phenol | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Chlorothalonil* | F | Bravo, Daconil 2787, Echo, Exotherm | Organochlorine | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Chlorpyrifos** | I/N | Brodan, Dursban, Lorsban, Chlorpyrifos-ethyl | Organothiophosphate | 21 | 25 | 23 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 11 | ||
| Cycloate | H | Ro-Neet, Marathon | Thiocarbamate | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Dacthal (DCPA) | H | Chlorthal-dimethyl | Chlorobenzoic acid ester | 15 | 17 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 9 | ||
| _p,p’-DDE** # | ID | DDT degradate | Organochlorine | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| DEET | I | Insect repellents (OFF, Cutter Outdoorsman, Skeeter skat) | N-diethyl toluamide | 7 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Diazinon** | I | Basudin, Diazatol, Neocidol, Knox Out | Organothiophosphate | 25 | 29 | 23 | 6 | 0 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 11 | ||
| _Diazinon-oxon | ID | Diazinon breakdown product, Diazinox | Organophosphate | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Dichlobenil #2 | H | Casoron, Barrier, Dyclomec, Norosac | Organochlorine | 31 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Dichlorvos | I/F | DDVP, Apavap, Devikol, Didivane, Duravos, Fly-Die | Organophosphate | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Dieldrin* | I | Panoram D-31, Octalox, Compound 497, Aldrin epoxide | Organochlorine | 7 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | ||
| Dimethenamid | H | Frontier, Guardsman, Optill, Pursuit | Amide | 33 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Dinoseb | H/I | DNPB, Dinosebe | Nitrophenol | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Diuron* | H | Crisuron, Karmex, Direx, Diurex | Urea | 44 | 41 | 22 | 15 | 4 | 7 | 16 | 0 | 18 | ||
| _3,4-Dichloroaniline | HD | Diuron/iprodione degradate | Aniline | 13 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | ||
| _3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate3 | HD | Diuron/linuron/neburon degradate | Urea | 100 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||
| Endosulfan I* | I | alpha-Endosulfan, Endocel, Endocide, Endosol | Organochlorine | 17 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Endosulfan II* | I | beta-Endosulfan | Organochlorine | 17 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| _Endosulfan sulfate | ID | Endosulfan I/II degradate | Organochlorine | 33 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Ethoprop | I/N | Ethoprophos, Mocap | Organothiophosphate | 33 | 18 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 16 | ||
| Fenuron | H | Beet-Klean, Dybar, Fenidim, Fenulon, Urab | Urea | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ||
| Fonofos # | I | Dyfonate, Capfos, Cudgel, Tycap | Organothiophosphate | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Glyphosate | H | Roundup, Rodeo | Amino acid derivative, organophosphate | 71 | 24 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | ||
| _AMPA | HD | Glyphosate degradate | Organophosphate | 24 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | ||
| Hexazinone | H | DPX 3674, Pronone, Velpar | Triazinone | 42 | 22 | 16 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 16 | 0 | ||
| Imazaquin # | H | Image 1.5LC, Scepter 1.5L | Imidazolinone | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Imidacloprid | I | Admire, Gaucho, Merit | N heterocycle | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Iprodione | F | Chipco, Kidan, Rovral, Verisan | Dicarboximide | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Linuron # | H | Lorox, Linex, Sarclex, Linurex, Afalon | Urea | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Malathion* | I | Cythion, Fyfanon | Organothiophosphate | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| MCPA | H | Rhomene, Rhonox, Chiptox | Chlorophenoxy acid | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Metalaxyl | F | Apron, Delta-Coat AD, Ridomil, Subdue | Amino acid derivative | 22 | 22 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 7 | ||
| Methiocarb | I/M | Draza, Grandslam, Mesurol, Slug-Geta | Carbamate | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ||
| Metolachlor | H | Dual, Pennant | Acetanilide | 42 | 49 | 42 | 6 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 26 | ||
| Metsulfuron-methyl | H | Escort, Gropper, Ally, Pasture | Sulfonylurea | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Myclobutanil | F | Eagle, NOVA, Laredo EC, Fungicide m, Rally, Systhane | Triazole | 10 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | ||
| Napropamide | H | Devrinol, Naproquard | Amide | 44 | 24 | 22 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 16 | ||
| Norflurazon | H | Evital, Predict, Solicam, Telok, Zorial | Amine | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ||
| Oryzalin | H | Dirimal, Ryzelan, Surflan | Dinitroaniline | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Oxyfluorfen | H | Goal, Koltar, RH-2915 | Diphenyl ether | 17 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Pendimethalin | H | Pre-M, Prowl, Weedgrass Control, Stomp, Herbadox | Dinitroaniline | 8 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 5 | ||
| Prometon | H | Pramitol, Princep, Gesagram 50, Ontracic 80 | Triazine | 23 | 27 | 25 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 15 | ||
| Pronamide | H | Propyzamid, Kerb | Amide | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Propiconazole | F | Tilt, Orbit, Banner, Proconazole, Wocosin | Triazole | 5 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | ||
| Propoxur | I | Baygon, Blattanex, Unden, Proprotox | Carbamate | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Simazine | H | Princep, Caliber 90, Gesatop, Simazat | Triazine | 52 | 60 | 44 | 12 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 13 | 25 | ||
| Sulfometuron-methyl | H | Oust, DPX-T5648 | Sulfonylurea | 6 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | ||
| Tebuthiuron | H | Spike, Perflan, Tebusan | Urea | 4 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ||
| Terbacil # | H | Sinbar, Geonter | Uracil | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Triclopyr | H | Crossbow, Garlon, Grandstand, Grazon, Redeem, Remedy | Organochlorine, N heterocycle | 22 | 21 | 20 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 16 | ||
| Trifluralin | H | Treflan, Elancolan, Gowan, Tri-4, Trific, Trilin | dinitroaniline | 27 | 31 | 26 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 9 | 11 | ||
1 Carbaryl recoveries in some QA spike samples were as high as 304 percent. For more details, see the quality-control discussion in appendix A.
2 Although dichlobenil was detected at relatively high levels in 2000 (up to 17 µg/L), its analysis was discontinued in 2001.
3 3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate data are provisional because the method was still under development at the time of analysis during this study. The occurrence of 3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate (a degradate of diuron) is of significance due to the widespread use and the high detection frequency for diuron. 3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate was detected in all 4 of 4 samples tested. For more details, see the quality-control discussion in appendix A.
U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5027
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Page Last Modified: Thursday, 10-Jan-2013 18:43:17 EST
