USGS Scientific Invesigations Report 2012–5068  - Reconnaissance of Contaminants in Selected Wastewater-Treatment-Plant Effluent and Stormwater Runoff Entering the Columbia River, Columbia River Basin, Washington and Oregon, 2008

Table A2. Reporting limits and possible uses or sources of anthropogenic organic compounds analyzed in unfiltered wastewater-treatment-plant effluent, Columbia River Basin, Washington and Oregon, 2008–09. 

[Shading indicates a detection in wastewater-treatment-plant effluent in this study. CAS No.: Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number® is a Registered Trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CASRNs through CAS Client Services^SM. Method detection limit and Reporting limit: Values are in micrograms per liter. EDP (endocrine-disrupting potential) and Possible compound uses or sources: From Zaugg and others (2006). Abbreviations: K, known; S, suspected; >, greater than; –, no data; NA, not available] 

Analyte	Parameter  code	CAS  No.	Method detection limit	Reporting limit	EDP	Possible compound uses or sources
Detergent metabolites
4-Cumylphenol	62808	599-64-4	0.13	0.2	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
para-Nonylphenol (total)	62829	84852-15-3	1.2	1.6	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
4-Nonylphenol monoethoxylate (sum of all isomers) [NP1EO]	61704	NA	1.35	1.6	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
4-Nonylphenol diethoxylate (sum of all isomers) [NP2EO]	61703	NA	1.2	3.2	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
4-n-Octylphenol	62809	1806-26-4	0.11	0.2	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
4-tert-Octylphenol	62810	140-66-9	0.11	0.4	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
4-tert-Octylphenol diethoxylate (OP2EO)	62486	NA	0.05	¹0.32	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
4-tert-Octylphenol monoethoxylate (OP1EO)	62485	NA	0.5	1	K	Nonionic detergent metabolite
Flame retardants
2,2′,4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47)	63147	5436-43-1	0.11	0.3	–	Widely used brominated flame retardant
Tri(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate	62830	78-51-3	0.05	0.2	–	Flame retardant
Tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate	62831	115-96-8	0.08	0.2	S	Plasticizer, flame retardant
Tri(dichlorisopropyl)phosphate	61707	13674-87-8	0.05	0.2	S	Flame retardant
Tributyl phosphate	62832	126-73-8	0.11	0.2	–	Antifoaming agent, flame retardant
Miscellaneous - antioxidants, solvents, or multiple uses
Anthraquinone	62813	84-65-1	0.08	0.2	–	Manufacturing of dye/textures, seed treatment, bird repellant
Bromoform	32104	75-25-2	0.03	0.2	–	Wastewater ozination byproduct, military/explosives
3-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA)	61702	25013-16-5	0.16	0.2	K	Antioxidant, general preservative
Caffeine	81436	58-08-2	0.06	0.2	–	Beverages, diuretic, very mobile/biodegradable
Carbazole	77571	86-74-8	0.12	0.2	–	Insecticide, manufacturing of dyes, explosives, and lubricants
Cotinine	61945	486-56-6	0.29	0.8	–	Primary nicotine metabolite
para-Cresol	77146	106-44-5	0.08	0.2	S	Wood preservative
Isophorone	34408	78-59-1	0.08	0.2	–	Solvent for lacquer, plastic, oil, silicon, resin
Isopropylbenzene (cumene)	77223	98-82-8	0.02	0.2	–	Manufacturing of phenol/acetone, fuels and paint thinner
d-Limonene	62819	5989-27-5	0.02	0.2	–	Fungicide, antimicrobial, antiviral, fragrance in aerosols
5-Methyl-1H-benzotriazole	61944	136-85-6	0.35	1.6	–	Antioxidant in antifreeze and deicers
Pentachlorophenol	39032	87-86-5	0.33	0.8	S	Herbicide, fungicide, wood preservative, termite control
Tetrachloroethylene	34475	127-18-4	0.22	0.4	–	Solvent, degreaser, veterinary antihelmintic
Personal care products
Acetophenone	62811	98-86-2	0.07	0.4	–	Fragrance in detergent and tobacco, flavor in beverages
Benzophenone	62814	119-61-9	0.1	0.2	S	Fixative for perfumes and soaps
Camphor	62817	76-22-2	0.09	0.2	–	Flavor, odorant, ointments
1,4-Dichlorobenzene	34571	106-46-7	0.03	0.2	S	Moth repellent, fumigant, deodorant
Galaxolide (hexahydrohexamethylcyclopentabenzopyran, HHCB)	62823	1222-05-5	0.11	0.2	–	Musk fragrance (widespread usage) persistent in ground water
Indole	62824	120-72-9	0.08	0.2	–	Pesticide inert ingredient, fragrance in coffee
Isoborneol	62825	124-76-5	0.05	0.2	–	Fragrance in perfumery, in disinfectants
Isoquinoline	62826	119-65-3	0.09	0.2	–	Flavors and fragrances
Menthol	62827	89-78-1	0.05	0.2	–	Cigarettes, cough drops, liniment, mouthwash
3-Methyl-1H-indole (skatol)	62807	83-34-1	0.07	0.2	–	Fragrance, stench in feces and coal tar
Methyl salicylate	62828	119-36-8	0.07	0.2	–	Liniment, food, beverage, ultraviolet-absorbing lotion
Phenol	34694	108-95-2	0.07	0.2	–	Disinfectant, manufacturing of several products, leachate
Tonalide (acetyl-hexamethyl-tetrahydronaphthalene, AHTN)	62812	21145-77-7	0.11	0.2	–	Musk fragrance (widespread usage) persistent in ground water
Triclosan	61708	3380-34-5	0.09	0.2	S	Disinfectant, antimicrobial (concern for acquired microbial resistance)
Triethyl citrate (ethyl citrate)	62833	77-93-0	0.07	0.2	–	Cosmetics, pharmaceuticals
Pesticides
Atrazine	39630	1912-24-9	0.08	0.2	K	Selective triazine herbicide
Bromacil	30234	314-40-9	0.1	0.8	S	General-use herbicide, > 80 percent noncrop usage on grass/brush
Carbaryl	39750	63-25-2	0.13	0.2	K	Insecticide, crop and garden uses, low persistence
Chlorpyrifos	38932	2921-88-2	0.12	0.2	K	Insecticide, domestic pest/termite control (domestic use restricted as of 2001)
Diazinon	39570	333-41-5	0.11	0.2	K	Insecticide, > 40 percent nonagricultural usage, ants, flies
3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate	63145	102-36-3	0.06	1.6	–	Degradate of diuron, a noncrop herbicide
Dichlorvos	30218	62-73-7	0.11	0.2	S	Insecticide, pet collars; Naled or Trichlorfon degradate
Metalaxyl	4254	57837-19-1	0.13	0.2	–	Herbicide, fungicide, general-use pesticide, mildew, blight, pathogens, golf/turf
Metolachlor	82612	51218-45-2	0.12	0.2	–	Herbicide, general-use pesticide, indicator of agricultural drainage
N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (Deet)	61947	134-62-3	0.12	0.2	–	Insecticide, urban uses, mosquito repellent
Prometon	39056	1610-18-0	0.08	0.2	–	Herbicide (noncrop only), applied prior to blacktop
Plasticizers
Bisphenol A	62816	80-05-7	0.22	0.4	K	Manufacturing of polycarbonate resins, antioxidant, flame retardant
Diethyl phthalate (DEP)	34336	84-66-2	0.1	0.2	K	Plasticizer for polymers and resins
bis-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)	39100	117-81-7	0.85	2	K	Plasticizer for polymers and resins, pesticide inert
Triphenyl phosphate	62834	115-86-6	0.1	0.2	–	Plasticizer, resin, wax, finish, roofing paper, flame retardant
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Anthracene	34220	120-12-7	0.08	0.2	–	Wood preservative, component of tar, diesel, or crude oil, combustion product
Benzo(a)pyrene	34247	50-32-8	0.06	0.2	K	Regulated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), used in cancer research, combustion product
2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene	62805	581-42-0	0.05	0.2	–	Present in diesel/kerosene (trace in gasoline)
Fluoranthene	34376	206-44-0	0.08	0.2	–	Component of coal tar, asphalt (only traces in gasoline or diesel fuel), combustion product
1-Methylnaphthalene	81696	90-12-0	0.03	0.2	–	2–5 percent of gasoline, diesel fuel, or crude oil
2-Methylnaphthalene	30194	91-57-6	0.03	0.2	–	2–5 percent of gasoline, diesel fuel, or crude oil
Naphthalene	34696	91-20-3	0.03	0.2	–	Fumigant, moth repellent, major component (about 10 percent) of gasoline
Phenanthrene	34461	85-01-8	0.07	0.2	–	Manufacturing of explosives, component of tar, diesel fuel, or crude oil, combustion product
Pyrene	34469	129-00-0	0.08	0.2	–	Component of coal tar, asphalt (only traces in gasoline or diesel fuel), combustion product
Steroids
Cholesterol	62818	57-88-5	0.3	1.6	–	Often a fecal indicator, also a plant sterol
3-beta-Coprostanol	62806	360-68-9	0.38	1.6	–	Carnivore fecal indicator
beta-Sitosterol	62815	83-46-5	0.11	1.6	–	Plant sterol
beta-Stigmastanol	61948	19466-47-8	0.22	1.7	–	Plant sterol

¹The reporting limit for 4-tert-Octylphenol diethoxylate (OP2EO) changed to 0.5 micrograms per liter in 2009.

Reconnaissance of Contaminants in Selected Wastewater-Treatment-Plant Effluent and Stormwater Runoff Entering the Columbia River, Columbia River Basin, Washington and Oregon, 2008–10

Reconnaissance of Contaminants in Selected Wastewater-Treatment-Plant Effluent and Stormwater Runoff Entering the Columbia River, Columbia River Basin, Washington and Oregon, 2008–10 