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Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5231


Simulating Potential Structural and Operational Changes for Detroit Dam on the North Santiam River, Oregon, for Downstream Temperature Management 


Conversion Factors, Datums, and Abbreviations and Acronyms


Conversion Factors


Inch/Pound to SI


Multiply By To obtain
foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m)
mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer (km)
square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer (km2)
acre-foot (acre-ft) 1,233 cubic meter (m3)
foot per second (ft/s) 0.3048 meter per second (m/s)
cubic foot per second (ft3/s) 0.02832 cubic meter per second (m3/s)
square foot per second (ft2/s) 0.0929 square meter per second (m2/s)

SI to Inch/Pound


Multiply By To obtain
meter (m) 3.281 foot (ft)
cubic meter per second (m3/s) 70.07 acre-foot per day (acre-ft/d)
square meter per second (m2/s) 10.7639 square foot per second (ft2/s)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows:


°F=(1.8×°C)+32.


Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F) may be converted to degrees Celsius (°C) as follows:


°C=(°F-32)/1.8.

Datums


Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88).


Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83).


Elevation, as used in this report, refers to distance above the vertical datum.

Abbreviations and Acronyms


Abbreviation or acronym Description
7dADM 7-day moving average of the daily maximum
ATU Accumulated Thermal Unit
BiOP Biological Opinion
CE-QUAL-W2 2-dimensional hydrodynamic and water-quality model
DMR Discharge Monitoring Report
MAE mean absolute error
ME mean error
NCDC National Climatic Data Center (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
NS Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient
ODEQ Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
RAWS Remote Automated Weather Station
RM river mile
RMSE root mean square error
SRML Solar Radiation Monitoring Laboratory (University of Oregon)
USGS U.S. Geological Survey

First posted October 30, 2012

Revised June 11, 2013

For additional information contact:
Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
http://or.water.usgs.gov

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