USGS

Fluorometric Procedures for Dye Tracing

U.S. Geological Survey, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 3, Chapter A12

By James F. Wilson, Jr., Ernest D. Cobb, and Frederick A. Kilpatrick


Table of Contents

Preface

Abstract

Introduction

General description of fluorescence

Fluorescent dyes

Types recommended for tracing

Properties of dyes

Factors that affect fluorescence

Sorption

Biological effects

Spectral characteristics

Fluorometers

General description

Selection of optical components

Lamps

Filters

Sample holders

Photomultiplier

Range control

Preferred systems

Accessory equipment

Temperature-control apparatus

Portable power supplies

Continuous-sampling equipment

Fluorometer operation

General procedure in the laboratory

Preparations

Background readings

Sample testing

Special procedures in the field

Discrete sampling

Flow-through sampling

Troubleshooting

Fluorometer calibration

Concentration units

Preparation of standard solutions

Equipment and supplies

Serial dilution procedure

Testing procedure

Calibration curves

Calibration of the flow-through cuvette

Determination of sample concentration

Aerial photography as a supplement to fluorometry

Selected references


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