By Antonius Laenen
Preface
Abstract
Introduction
Overview
Theory of operation
Associated limiting phenomena
Interference
Refraction
Attenuation
Streamflow orientation
Available equipment
Simple system
Versatile system
Cross-path adaptation
Responder adaptation
Accuracy
Site selection
Field reconnaissance
Equipment considerations
Installation considerations
Analysis
Multipath interference
Ray bending
Example of ray-bending analysis
Signal attenuation
Example of attenuation analysis
System considerations
Hypothetical consideration
Calibration
Computation of discharge
Relation of line velocity to mean velocity
Operation and maintenance requirements
Personnel
Test equipment
Spare parts
Maintenance and troubleshooting procedures
References
Appendix I.
Acoustic ray bending program listing
Appendix II.
K-curve calculation program listing
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