Water Data Report 1997
03098600 MAHONING RIVER BELOW WEST AVENUE AT YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO LOCATION.--Lat 41006'18", long 80039'46", Mahoning County, Hydrologic Unit 05030103, on left bank 200 ft below West Avenue Bridge, 0.4 mi upstream from Spring Common Bridge, 0.6 mi downstream from Mill Creek, in Youngstown. DRAINAGE AREA.--978 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1987 to current year. GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 824.10 ft above sea level. REMARKS.--Records excellent except for periods of estimated record and May 14-July 3, which are fair. Water diverted upstream from station for municipal supply for city of Youngstown. Some sewage returned to river upstream from station. Water also diverted upstream and downstream from station by a private company for industrial use, some of which is returned to river upstream from station. Flow regulated by Berlin Lake, 49 mi upstream, beginning in 1942, by Milton Reservoir, 41 mi upstream, by Michael J. Kirwan Reservoir, 44 mi upstream on West Branch, beginning in 1966 by Mosquito Creek Lake, 23 mi upstream, beginning in 1943, by Meander Creek Reservoir, 12 mi upstream, beginning in 1929, and by reservoir on Squaw Creek, 6 mi upstream, and 2 small reservoirs on Mill Creek 0.6 mi upstream. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers satellite telemeter at station. DISCHARGE, CUBIC FEET PER SECOND, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1996 TO SEPTEMBER 1997 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 1140 1720 3610 1930 1410 2710 720 638 3530 544 500 481 2 1150 1110 4460 1910 1390 2620 606 495 7300 634 508 468 3 1150 844 3290 1420 1420 3120 524 727 6990 545 510 458 4 955 796 2410 1100 1790 2010 472 1160 3790 528 516 441 5 774 771 2180 1320 3640 2290 450 1000 2800 544 515 432 6 725 756 2150 1570 3620 5800 455 842 2820 540 504 426 7 720 741 2120 1430 2620 4220 449 835 2840 539 501 423 8 684 2400 1990 1220 2280 2640 382 741 2820 534 503 430 9 771 3570 1860 1030 2100 2190 348 764 2770 621 500 452 10 743 3440 1750 934 1940 4870 318 778 2550 541 503 670 11 408 2890 2740 703 1770 4320 312 777 2150 534 508 804 12 340 2590 7800 506 1300 2960 1790 775 2090 526 516 634 13 293 2470 7950 502 935 2550 5060 673 2040 519 574 470 14 e275 2290 3970 453 802 4280 3210 556 1530 516 520 403 15 e265 2110 2570 390 695 4660 1370 554 1320 518 543 376 16 e260 1990 2270 476 645 3190 967 600 1260 513 818 358 17 e270 1950 3440 414 624 2060 1510 593 1640 509 1200 372 18 566 2100 4580 415 694 2110 1700 559 2080 525 936 391 19 1550 2220 4030 374 1640 2160 1160 1040 2480 534 613 357 20 2540 1820 3240 369 3140 2280 852 1460 2090 529 460 1610 21 2060 1570 2990 360 2800 1950 686 1230 1850 521 432 1030 22 1640 1290 2860 448 2340 1420 587 934 1420 508 452 615 23 1680 970 2650 682 2070 1180 595 802 1150 508 487 450 24 1960 858 3600 850 1850 1020 692 695 741 509 492 391 25 1910 1020 4050 1260 1310 838 649 1530 458 512 579 373 26 1690 3590 2910 1170 846 1190 566 3680 619 489 515 388 27 1570 3930 2480 986 2790 1210 506 2270 580 501 446 358 28 1580 2730 2280 2020 4180 831 780 1370 499 504 416 358 29 1420 2210 2240 2060 --- 680 915 1690 483 506 399 448 30 1700 2080 2180 1750 --- 615 738 1750 493 501 406 410 31 1940 --- 2040 1500 --- 709 --- 1800 --- 504 458 --- TOTAL 34729 58826 98690 31552 52641 74683 29369 33318 65183 16356 16830 15277 MEAN 1120 1961 3184 1018 1880 2409 979 1075 2173 528 543 509 MAX 2540 3930 7950 2060 4180 5800 5060 3680 7300 634 1200 1610 MIN 260 741 1750 360 624 615 312 495 458 489 399 357 STATISTICS OF MONTHLY MEAN DATA FOR WATER YEARS 1988 - 1997, BY WATER YEAR (WY) MEAN 747 981 1216 1467 1464 1564 1240 1116 1246 790 642 727 MAX 2303 2117 3184 3608 3323 3456 3502 3639 3693 1932 1316 1881 (WY) 1991 1993 1997 1993 1990 1993 1994 1996 1989 1990 1992 1990 MIN 264 222 312 302 432 596 684 437 377 430 419 346 (WY) 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992 1990 1995 1992 1988 1988 1991 1991 SUMMARY STATISTICS FOR 1996 CALENDAR YEAR FOR 1997 WATER YEAR WATER YEARS 1988 - 1997 ANNUAL TOTAL 635241 527454 ANNUAL MEAN 1736 1445 1098 HIGHEST ANNUAL MEAN 1445 1997 LOWEST ANNUAL MEAN 643 1988 HIGHEST DAILY MEAN 11100 May 12 7950 Dec 13 11400 Apr 13 1994 LOWEST DAILY MEAN 260 Oct 16 260 Oct 16 181 Oct 17 1988 ANNUAL SEVEN-DAY MINIMUM 302 Oct 11 302 Oct 11 202 Nov 24 1991 INSTANTANEOUS PEAK FLOW 9060 Dec 13 11900 Apr 13 1994 INSTANTANEOUS PEAK STAGE 11.84 Dec 13 15.44 Apr 13 1994 INSTANTANEOUS LOW FLOW 260 Oct 16 181 Oct 17 1988 10 PERCENT EXCEEDS 3580 2970 2550 50 PERCENT EXCEEDS 1230 935 593 90 PERCENT EXCEEDS 470 432 354 e Estimated 03098600 MAHONING RIVER BELOW WEST AVENUE AT YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO WATER-QUALITY RECORDS LOCATION.--Lat 41006'18", long 80039'46", Mahoning County, Hydrologic Unit 05030103, on left bank 200 ft below West Avenue Bridge, 0.4 mi upstream from Spring Common Bridge, 0.6 mi downstream from Mill Creek, in Youngstown. DRAINAGE AREA.--978 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--June 1992 to current year. PERIOD OF DAILY RECORD-- SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE: July 1992 to current year. pH: July 1992 to current year. WATER TEMPERATURES: June 1992 to current year. DISSOLVED OXYGEN: July 1992 to current year. INSTRUMENTATION: Data Collection Platform. Set for 1-hour interval. REMARKS.--Interruptions in the water-quality were due to malfunction of the instrument. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-- SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE: Maximum, 950 microsiemens Jan. 17, 1996; minimum, 189 microsiemens Aug. 1, 1992. pH: Maximum, 8.8 units May 14, 23, 31, 1994; minimum, 7.0 units Apr. 15, 1994. WATER TEMPERATURES: Maximum, 32.5C Jul. 10, 1993 and Jul. 15, 1995; minimum, 1.0C on several days during winter. DISSOLVED OXYGEN: Maximum, 14.5 mg/L Apr. 18, 1996; minimum, 4.3 mg/L June 13, 1997. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-- SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE: Maximum, 711 microsiemens Jan. 23; minimum, 231 microsiemens Dec. 13. pH: Maximum, 8.1 units Dec. 11; minimum, 7.2 units several days in April-July. WATER TEMPERATURES: Maximum, 31.0C Jul. 15-16, 18-19; minimum, 1.0C Jan. 29. DISSOLVED OXYGEN: Maximum, 13.5 mg/L Dec. 21; minimum, 4.3 mg/L June 13. SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE, US/CM @ 25 DEGREES CELSIUS, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1996 TO SEPTEMBER 1997 DAY MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY 1 380 315 355 391 378 384 383 355 369 365 344 356 2 403 380 391 416 385 399 356 308 333 367 357 360 3 397 382 387 421 414 416 330 300 307 455 367 402 4 411 385 391 424 411 416 352 329 340 572 408 485 5 442 411 427 426 416 423 366 352 356 --- --- --- 6 575 434 461 433 421 426 366 358 360 382 355 368 7 471 454 460 439 420 428 364 358 359 356 347 351 8 471 450 457 436 366 395 372 363 366 376 348 359 9 476 379 455 372 321 351 381 366 370 370 351 359 10 508 416 486 324 295 301 400 381 389 395 370 384 11 507 474 494 311 301 304 417 349 397 430 391 408 12 498 466 476 328 311 318 349 261 313 467 415 438 13 518 498 506 342 328 334 262 231 240 484 455 473 14 539 518 534 351 342 344 300 250 271 470 443 456 15 --- --- --- 359 348 351 343 300 328 493 447 471 16 --- --- --- 363 349 354 365 343 351 596 493 563 17 580 562 574 357 352 354 363 329 349 620 559 575 18 576 503 554 376 357 364 329 291 310 636 602 619 19 541 411 479 366 357 361 305 282 291 602 572 580 20 421 368 394 370 361 364 324 305 315 576 557 564 21 382 328 342 376 366 369 329 321 325 588 574 580 22 351 330 338 377 368 375 344 326 333 692 579 620 23 361 331 342 394 377 387 389 344 365 711 584 638 24 376 361 369 414 390 405 454 387 424 669 545 590 25 380 365 371 418 397 402 403 335 368 601 506 551 26 380 370 374 415 335 369 --- --- --- 540 458 482 27 383 373 376 335 265 301 --- --- --- 516 438 462 28 388 375 380 316 256 271 --- --- --- 517 411 461 29 389 382 386 355 316 340 --- --- --- 411 354 372 30 409 385 395 378 355 365 --- --- --- 363 324 337 31 413 391 400 --- --- --- --- --- --- 362 332 351 MONTH 580 315 426 439 256 366 454 231 341 711 324 467 FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY 1 385 362 374 352 303 319 --- --- --- 453 430 439 2 386 375 379 399 351 383 455 431 443 463 452 458 3 400 380 389 387 342 360 481 450 463 479 461 469 4 426 390 405 364 342 352 511 481 501 484 414 443 5 434 341 390 394 364 375 511 502 507 415 390 404 6 341 295 310 392 339 370 523 501 511 409 394 403 7 348 296 320 339 288 304 521 503 512 415 408 412 8 368 348 359 338 296 312 515 506 509 421 405 411 9 385 368 377 387 338 357 533 515 526 432 413 421 10 391 381 385 395 336 359 533 513 519 434 420 428 11 400 386 390 336 294 308 552 524 538 421 396 408 12 432 400 413 --- --- --- 569 360 502 396 376 384 13 463 427 442 --- --- --- 360 267 318 391 379 387 14 493 445 464 --- --- --- 267 240 251 433 391 409 15 563 488 514 --- --- --- 301 259 281 440 427 434 16 565 545 554 --- --- --- 336 301 315 442 422 431 17 564 529 539 --- --- --- 344 331 337 440 421 429 18 627 536 559 --- --- --- 341 317 327 449 422 431 19 627 507 572 --- --- --- 346 318 335 432 351 397 20 507 386 437 --- --- --- 354 345 350 364 344 354 21 386 358 365 --- --- --- 367 354 360 350 337 346 22 394 367 380 --- --- --- 422 367 395 350 334 342 23 396 379 387 --- --- --- 426 421 423 363 350 359 24 398 381 391 --- --- --- 430 419 426 386 362 376 25 412 395 401 --- --- --- 454 417 433 401 374 386 26 440 411 426 --- --- --- 452 434 440 379 310 346 27 493 400 452 --- --- --- 465 449 457 316 277 290 28 400 310 342 --- --- --- 461 445 453 343 295 319 29 --- --- --- --- --- --- 457 414 438 370 316 350 30 --- --- --- --- --- --- 436 410 420 377 361 368 31 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 374 359 364 MONTH 627 295 418 399 288 345 569 240 424 484 277 393 JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER 1 374 325 357 446 419 429 426 410 420 459 419 440 2 329 250 279 437 415 428 427 408 419 435 419 430 3 305 245 270 442 415 428 430 413 422 450 412 426 4 329 295 307 433 424 429 417 412 415 420 414 417 5 380 325 346 432 398 413 430 410 420 440 412 425 6 380 350 364 415 399 405 423 409 417 429 412 421 7 379 345 363 411 397 402 431 413 418 433 414 422 8 388 342 360 427 404 415 436 408 420 415 408 411 9 383 330 348 433 417 425 427 414 419 435 408 416 10 402 342 374 440 421 429 426 411 418 462 428 441 11 419 381 406 431 423 426 424 406 416 461 423 447 12 432 366 406 426 413 419 425 408 419 461 447 455 13 431 346 383 437 423 427 445 420 430 447 442 445 14 436 376 411 425 408 417 436 421 428 471 442 455 15 422 380 400 432 410 413 432 417 423 481 471 477 16 380 359 365 433 416 424 431 369 419 479 463 472 17 384 358 369 422 415 419 407 344 376 472 456 461 18 388 342 371 438 417 424 396 355 385 476 451 467 19 389 369 376 438 410 419 427 389 414 455 440 450 20 386 369 377 417 402 410 458 427 444 440 351 380 21 391 369 376 419 398 405 489 458 473 411 355 391 22 386 375 380 412 400 405 491 471 482 469 411 444 23 398 381 387 434 410 420 474 452 466 470 433 454 24 408 388 398 420 410 415 469 450 462 467 436 451 25 434 408 422 423 413 418 461 440 449 514 467 491 26 462 432 443 437 411 421 465 440 457 539 502 520 27 461 435 448 427 419 424 473 437 453 505 486 502 28 458 432 440 437 414 422 479 467 473 507 493 500 29 460 442 452 423 406 416 495 468 485 515 490 499 30 456 441 452 418 408 412 493 474 485 515 492 501 31 --- --- --- 433 404 418 477 450 466 --- --- --- MONTH 462 245 381 446 397 419 495 344 435 539 351 450 YEAR 711 231 410 03098600 MAHONING RIVER BELOW WEST AVENUE AT YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO PH, WATER, WHOLE, FIELD, STANDARD UNITS, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1996 TO SEPTEMBER 1997 DAY MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY 1 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.7 8.1 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.8 2 7.9 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 3 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.7 4 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.6 7.7 5 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.6 7.6 7.6 6 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.6 7.6 7.6 7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.6 7.6 7.6 8 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.6 9 7.9 7.6 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.5 10 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.5 11 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.6 8.1 7.9 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.5 12 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.9 7.6 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.5 13 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 14 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.5 7.5 7.5 15 --- --- --- 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.4 7.5 16 --- --- --- 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.5 7.4 7.4 17 7.8 7.6 7.6 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.4 7.5 18 7.8 7.5 7.6 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.5 7.5 19 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.5 7.5 20 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.5 21 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.5 22 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.5 23 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.6 7.4 7.5 24 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.5 25 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.5 26 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.4 7.4 7.4 27 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.4 7.4 28 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.6 7.6 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.4 29 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.4 7.4 7.4 30 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.4 7.3 7.3 31 7.7 7.6 7.7 --- --- --- 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.4 7.3 7.4 MONTH 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.9 7.5 7.8 8.1 7.5 7.8 7.9 7.3 7.5 FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY 1 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.8 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.4 2 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.4 7.5 3 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.7 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.4 5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 6 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.4 7.7 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 7 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.7 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.4 8 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.8 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.4 9 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.8 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.4 10 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.4 7.3 7.4 11 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.4 7.3 7.4 12 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.5 7.3 7.4 13 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.4 14 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.5 7.4 7.4 15 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.4 16 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.4 17 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.4 7.5 18 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.7 7.4 7.5 19 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.4 20 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.3 21 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.3 22 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.3 23 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 24 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 25 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 26 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.7 7.4 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.3 27 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.3 28 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 29 --- --- --- 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 30 --- --- --- 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 31 --- --- --- 7.7 7.5 7.6 --- --- --- 7.4 7.4 7.4 MONTH 7.9 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.3 7.4 7.8 7.2 7.5 7.7 7.2 7.4 JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER 1 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 2 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 3 7.4 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 4 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 5 7.4 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 6 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 7 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.4 8 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.4 9 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 10 7.6 7.4 7.6 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 11 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 12 7.6 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.4 13 7.6 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 14 7.5 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 15 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 16 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 17 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 18 7.6 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 19 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 20 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.4 21 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 22 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 23 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 24 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 25 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 26 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 27 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 28 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.4 29 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.7 7.4 7.5 30 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.6 7.5 7.5 31 --- --- --- 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.4 --- --- --- MONTH 7.6 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.7 7.3 7.4 YEAR 8.1 7.2 7.5 03098600 MAHONING RIVER BELOW WEST AVENUE AT YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO WATER TEMPERATURE, DEGREES CELSIUS, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1996 TO SEPTEMBER 1997 DAY MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY 1 19.0 16.5 18.0 12.0 11.5 12.0 6.5 5.0 6.0 4.0 3.0 3.5 2 20.5 19.0 20.0 11.5 11.0 11.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.0 3.5 4.0 3 20.0 19.0 19.5 11.5 11.0 11.5 6.0 5.0 5.5 6.5 5.0 5.5 4 19.0 18.0 18.5 11.5 10.0 11.0 5.5 5.0 5.5 8.0 6.5 7.0 5 18.5 17.5 18.0 12.0 10.5 11.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 8.5 8.0 8.5 6 18.5 17.0 18.0 13.0 12.0 12.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 8.5 7.0 7.5 7 19.5 18.0 18.5 14.0 12.0 13.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 7.0 5.5 6.0 8 19.5 18.5 19.0 14.0 11.5 12.5 5.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 4.5 5.0 9 19.5 17.5 19.0 11.5 9.0 10.5 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 10 18.0 16.5 17.0 9.0 8.0 8.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.0 4.5 11 17.0 16.5 17.0 8.0 7.0 7.5 6.0 4.5 5.5 4.0 3.0 3.5 12 18.5 17.0 17.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 5.5 5.0 5.0 3.5 2.5 3.0 13 18.5 18.0 18.5 6.5 5.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.5 3.5 4.0 14 21.0 18.0 19.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.5 5.0 4.0 4.5 15 --- --- --- 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 4.5 5.0 6.0 3.5 4.5 16 --- --- --- 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.0 4.0 4.5 7.0 5.5 6.5 17 22.0 18.5 20.0 6.5 5.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 4.0 4.5 18 22.0 18.5 20.5 7.5 6.5 7.5 5.0 4.5 5.0 4.5 3.5 4.0 19 18.5 14.0 16.5 7.5 7.0 7.0 4.5 3.0 4.0 4.5 3.5 4.0 20 14.0 12.5 13.0 7.0 6.5 7.0 3.0 2.0 2.5 6.5 4.5 5.5 21 12.5 12.0 12.0 7.0 6.5 6.5 2.0 1.5 2.0 7.0 5.5 6.5 22 12.5 12.0 12.5 6.5 5.5 6.5 2.5 2.0 2.0 8.0 7.0 7.5 23 13.0 12.0 12.5 6.5 5.5 6.0 3.0 2.0 2.5 8.5 7.0 8.0 24 13.5 12.5 13.0 7.0 6.0 6.5 3.5 3.0 3.5 7.0 4.0 5.0 25 13.5 13.0 13.5 8.5 7.0 8.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 4.5 3.5 4.0 26 14.0 13.0 13.5 7.5 5.5 6.5 2.0 1.5 2.0 3.5 2.5 3.0 27 15.0 14.0 14.5 5.5 4.0 5.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.0 2.5 28 15.5 14.5 15.0 4.0 3.5 4.0 3.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 1.5 2.5 29 14.5 14.5 14.5 4.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 3.5 4.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 30 15.0 14.0 14.5 5.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.0 4.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 31 14.0 12.0 13.0 --- --- --- 4.5 4.0 4.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 MONTH 22.0 12.0 16.5 14.0 3.5 8.0 6.5 1.5 4.0 8.5 1.0 4.5 FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY 1 2.5 2.0 2.5 7.5 6.5 6.5 --- --- --- 16.0 15.5 16.0 2 3.0 2.0 2.5 8.0 7.5 7.5 11.0 8.5 10.0 16.0 14.5 15.5 3 4.5 3.0 4.0 7.5 7.0 7.0 14.0 10.5 12.0 16.5 15.5 16.0 4 4.5 4.0 4.5 7.0 6.0 6.5 16.5 14.0 15.0 15.5 14.5 15.0 5 4.0 2.5 3.0 6.5 6.0 6.5 17.0 15.5 16.5 15.5 14.0 14.5 6 2.5 2.0 2.0 6.0 4.5 5.0 16.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 14.5 15.0 7 3.0 2.0 2.5 4.5 4.0 4.0 15.0 13.0 13.5 16.5 14.5 15.5 8 3.0 2.5 3.0 5.0 4.0 4.5 14.0 12.0 13.0 16.0 14.5 15.0 9 3.5 2.5 3.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 13.0 11.5 12.5 15.5 14.5 15.0 10 3.5 3.0 3.5 6.0 5.0 5.5 13.0 11.0 12.0 14.5 13.5 14.0 11 3.5 3.0 3.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 12.5 12.0 12.0 14.5 13.0 14.0 12 3.5 3.0 3.0 --- --- --- 12.0 8.5 11.0 15.5 14.0 14.5 13 3.0 2.5 3.0 --- --- --- 8.5 7.0 8.0 16.5 15.0 15.5 14 4.0 2.5 3.5 --- --- --- 8.0 6.5 7.0 17.0 15.5 16.0 15 4.0 4.0 4.0 --- --- --- 9.5 7.5 8.5 17.5 16.0 16.5 16 4.5 4.0 4.0 --- --- --- 11.0 9.5 10.5 17.0 15.5 16.0 17 4.5 3.5 4.0 --- --- --- 11.0 9.0 10.0 17.5 15.5 16.5 18 5.5 4.0 5.0 --- --- --- 9.5 8.5 9.0 18.5 15.5 17.0 19 5.5 3.5 4.5 --- --- --- 10.0 8.0 9.0 19.0 17.5 18.0 20 4.0 3.0 4.0 --- --- --- 11.0 8.5 9.5 18.0 17.5 18.0 21 6.0 4.0 5.0 --- --- --- 11.5 9.5 10.5 --- --- --- 22 6.5 5.5 6.0 --- --- --- 13.0 11.0 12.5 --- --- --- 23 6.0 4.5 5.0 --- --- --- 13.5 12.5 13.0 --- --- --- 24 4.5 4.0 4.0 --- --- --- 13.5 12.5 13.0 --- --- --- 25 4.5 4.0 4.0 --- --- --- 14.5 12.5 13.5 --- --- --- 26 6.0 4.5 5.0 --- --- --- 15.5 13.0 14.0 --- --- --- 27 7.5 6.0 6.5 --- --- --- 15.0 14.5 15.0 --- --- --- 28 6.5 5.5 6.0 --- --- --- 15.5 14.0 15.0 --- --- --- 29 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15.0 13.5 14.5 --- --- --- 30 --- --- --- --- --- --- 16.5 14.0 15.0 --- --- --- 31 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- MONTH 7.5 2.0 4.0 8.0 4.0 6.0 17.0 6.5 12.0 19.0 13.0 15.5 JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER 1 --- --- --- 24.5 23.5 24.0 28.5 26.0 27.5 25.0 22.5 24.0 2 --- --- --- 28.5 24.5 27.0 29.0 26.5 28.0 25.5 23.0 24.5 3 --- --- --- 28.5 27.0 27.5 29.0 27.5 28.5 25.0 23.5 24.5 4 --- --- --- 28.0 27.0 27.5 29.0 27.0 28.0 24.0 22.0 23.0 5 --- --- --- 27.0 25.5 26.0 28.5 27.0 27.5 23.0 21.0 22.0 6 --- --- --- 27.0 24.0 25.5 28.0 25.0 26.5 23.5 21.5 22.5 7 --- --- --- 26.0 24.5 25.0 25.5 23.0 24.5 23.0 21.0 21.5 8 --- --- --- 26.0 24.0 25.0 27.5 24.0 25.5 22.0 21.0 21.5 9 --- --- --- 26.5 25.0 26.0 28.5 26.0 27.0 24.0 21.0 22.5 10 20.5 18.5 19.5 27.0 25.0 26.0 28.5 26.5 27.5 23.5 22.5 23.0 11 21.0 20.0 20.0 27.5 25.0 26.0 28.0 27.0 27.5 22.5 22.0 22.5 12 22.5 20.5 21.0 28.5 26.0 27.0 28.5 26.5 27.5 22.0 21.5 22.0 13 23.5 20.5 21.5 29.5 27.0 28.0 28.0 27.0 27.5 22.5 21.5 22.0 14 22.0 20.5 21.0 29.5 26.5 28.5 28.0 26.5 27.0 23.0 22.0 22.5 15 20.5 20.0 20.5 31.0 28.5 29.5 27.0 26.0 26.5 23.0 22.0 22.5 16 20.5 19.5 20.0 31.0 29.5 30.0 28.0 25.5 26.5 24.0 22.5 23.5 17 21.5 20.0 20.5 30.5 29.0 29.5 26.0 24.5 25.0 24.0 23.0 23.5 18 22.0 21.0 21.0 31.0 29.5 30.0 24.5 24.0 24.5 23.5 21.0 22.0 19 21.5 21.0 21.0 31.0 29.5 30.0 26.0 24.0 25.0 21.5 20.5 21.0 20 22.5 21.5 22.0 29.5 28.0 28.5 25.5 24.0 25.0 21.5 20.5 20.5 21 23.5 22.5 23.0 28.5 27.0 28.0 25.5 24.5 25.0 20.5 19.5 20.5 22 24.0 23.5 23.5 28.5 27.0 28.0 25.0 24.0 24.0 20.0 18.5 19.5 23 25.5 23.5 25.0 28.0 27.0 27.5 24.0 22.0 22.5 20.0 19.5 19.5 24 26.5 24.5 25.5 28.0 26.5 27.0 22.5 21.5 21.5 20.5 18.5 19.5 25 28.5 26.0 27.0 28.0 26.5 27.5 22.0 21.0 21.5 20.0 19.0 19.5 26 28.0 26.0 27.5 27.5 26.0 27.0 24.5 21.5 22.5 20.0 19.0 19.5 27 26.5 25.5 26.0 27.5 25.0 26.5 26.5 23.5 25.0 20.0 18.0 19.0 28 25.5 24.0 25.0 28.0 26.0 27.0 27.0 25.0 26.0 20.0 19.5 20.0 29 25.0 23.5 24.0 29.5 28.0 28.5 25.5 23.5 24.0 20.0 18.5 19.5 30 24.5 23.5 24.0 29.0 27.0 28.0 25.0 23.0 24.0 19.5 19.5 19.5 31 --- --- --- 28.5 26.0 27.5 24.0 23.0 23.5 --- --- --- MONTH 28.5 18.5 23.0 31.0 23.5 27.5 29.0 21.0 25.5 25.5 18.0 21.5 YEAR 31.0 1.0 14.5 03098600 MAHONING RIVER BELOW WEST AVENUE AT YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO OXYGEN DISSOLVED (MG/L), WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1996 TO SEPTEMBER 1997 DAY MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY 1 8.3 6.9 7.5 10.1 7.9 8.5 11.9 10.4 11.1 12.5 11.7 12.2 2 8.4 7.2 7.7 8.6 7.8 8.1 10.7 10.1 10.4 12.7 12.4 12.5 3 7.9 7.3 7.5 9.4 8.0 8.5 11.3 10.2 10.6 12.5 11.8 12.3 4 8.0 7.2 7.5 11.3 7.8 9.1 10.7 10.4 10.5 12.8 11.4 12.0 5 8.3 7.2 7.6 10.9 8.6 9.4 10.9 10.5 10.7 12.3 10.6 11.5 6 8.5 7.2 7.7 11.1 9.2 10.0 11.3 10.5 10.7 11.0 10.6 10.8 7 8.6 7.3 7.7 10.4 9.6 10.0 11.4 10.4 10.8 11.4 10.9 11.1 8 8.2 7.2 7.6 9.6 8.6 8.8 10.9 10.4 10.6 --- --- --- 9 7.6 7.3 7.5 9.0 8.5 8.7 11.0 10.5 10.7 --- --- --- 10 7.6 7.2 7.3 9.7 8.5 8.9 11.8 10.6 11.1 --- --- --- 11 7.7 7.0 7.3 9.6 8.5 8.9 11.1 10.8 11.0 --- --- --- 12 7.8 6.6 7.1 9.8 8.3 8.9 11.1 10.7 10.9 --- --- --- 13 8.2 7.2 7.5 11.8 8.2 9.7 10.7 10.5 10.6 --- --- --- 14 7.5 6.6 7.1 12.1 10.8 11.5 12.5 10.6 11.1 --- --- --- 15 --- --- --- 12.8 10.7 11.4 12.1 10.5 11.0 --- --- --- 16 --- --- --- 13.0 10.8 11.5 11.6 11.0 11.3 --- --- --- 17 7.8 6.6 7.1 12.1 10.8 11.3 13.2 10.9 12.0 --- --- --- 18 6.9 6.5 6.7 11.3 10.6 11.1 12.7 12.1 12.5 --- --- --- 19 7.2 6.6 6.8 11.6 10.4 10.8 12.4 11.8 12.1 --- --- --- 20 8.0 7.2 7.5 11.4 10.4 10.7 12.4 11.7 12.2 --- --- --- 21 8.0 7.6 7.8 10.8 10.4 10.6 13.5 12.3 12.8 --- --- --- 22 8.2 7.8 8.0 10.7 10.5 10.6 13.1 12.7 12.9 --- --- --- 23 8.4 8.0 8.1 11.6 10.5 10.8 13.4 12.7 13.0 --- --- --- 24 8.8 7.8 8.1 11.1 10.6 10.8 12.9 11.7 12.2 --- --- --- 25 9.5 7.7 8.4 10.6 10.3 10.5 12.5 11.7 12.1 --- --- --- 26 9.3 8.1 8.6 10.9 9.7 10.1 13.1 12.3 12.6 --- --- --- 27 8.9 8.5 8.7 10.8 9.7 10.1 13.1 12.5 12.7 --- --- --- 28 9.0 7.9 8.5 10.5 9.9 10.3 13.3 12.7 12.9 11.8 11.1 11.4 29 9.0 7.8 8.3 12.0 10.0 10.7 12.9 12.0 12.6 12.2 11.8 12.0 30 9.1 8.2 8.7 11.0 10.6 10.8 12.7 12.0 12.2 12.0 11.7 11.8 31 9.9 7.8 8.4 --- --- --- 12.2 11.7 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.7 MONTH 9.9 6.5 7.7 13.0 7.8 10.0 13.5 10.1 11.6 12.8 10.6 11.8 FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY 1 11.8 11.5 11.6 10.6 10.1 10.3 --- --- --- 8.6 7.7 8.2 2 12.0 11.6 11.8 10.4 10.0 10.1 10.7 9.6 10.1 9.9 7.8 8.7 3 11.8 11.5 11.7 10.5 10.3 10.4 10.1 8.7 9.4 8.7 7.6 8.2 4 11.7 11.4 11.5 12.8 10.5 11.4 9.6 7.8 8.6 9.3 7.9 8.6 5 12.2 11.5 11.9 13.4 10.7 12.0 8.5 7.4 7.9 9.5 8.6 9.1 6 12.3 12.1 12.2 11.3 10.8 11.1 9.3 7.4 8.2 9.1 8.2 8.7 7 12.3 12.0 12.2 12.9 11.2 12.1 9.7 7.9 8.6 9.4 8.0 8.6 8 12.3 12.0 12.1 12.0 11.2 11.5 9.8 8.3 8.8 8.9 8.1 8.4 9 12.5 12.1 12.3 11.8 10.8 11.3 10.1 8.3 9.0 8.7 8.0 8.4 10 12.4 12.1 12.3 12.8 11.7 12.4 10.6 8.3 9.1 9.0 8.1 8.6 11 12.4 12.1 12.3 11.9 10.7 11.4 10.4 8.5 9.2 9.7 8.5 9.1 12 12.4 12.1 12.2 --- --- --- 10.1 8.6 9.1 9.4 8.5 8.9 13 12.5 12.0 12.3 --- --- --- 10.5 10.0 10.2 9.4 8.1 8.7 14 12.2 11.6 12.0 --- --- --- 10.8 10.2 10.5 9.3 7.8 8.4 15 12.0 11.5 11.8 --- --- --- 10.5 9.9 10.3 8.8 7.6 8.2 16 11.7 11.4 11.6 --- --- --- 9.9 9.1 9.7 9.1 7.6 8.2 17 12.2 11.5 11.8 --- --- --- 9.7 9.1 9.5 9.6 7.8 8.6 18 12.0 11.4 11.6 --- --- --- 10.2 9.7 10.0 10.1 7.9 8.8 19 12.0 11.4 11.7 --- --- --- 10.4 9.8 10.1 8.6 7.3 7.9 20 12.6 11.9 12.2 --- --- --- 10.6 9.6 10.0 7.8 7.3 7.6 21 12.0 11.3 11.7 --- --- --- 10.3 9.2 9.7 --- --- --- 22 11.5 11.0 11.3 --- --- --- 9.6 8.4 9.0 --- --- --- 23 11.9 11.4 11.6 --- --- --- 9.3 8.7 9.0 --- --- --- 24 12.4 11.9 12.1 --- --- --- 9.7 8.5 9.1 --- --- --- 25 12.4 11.8 12.1 --- --- --- 10.2 8.8 9.4 --- --- --- 26 11.9 10.9 11.5 --- --- --- 10.5 8.8 9.5 --- --- --- 27 11.3 10.7 10.9 --- --- --- 9.5 8.4 8.9 --- --- --- 28 11.3 10.4 10.8 --- --- --- 9.1 8.2 8.6 --- --- --- 29 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10.0 8.3 9.1 --- --- --- 30 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10.1 8.6 9.2 --- --- --- 31 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- MONTH 12.6 10.4 11.8 13.4 10.0 11.3 10.8 7.4 9.3 10.1 7.3 8.5 JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER 1 --- --- --- 6.7 6.1 6.4 7.2 6.1 6.5 7.6 6.5 7.0 2 --- --- --- 6.4 5.4 5.9 7.0 6.2 6.4 7.5 6.6 6.9 3 --- --- --- 6.2 5.4 5.7 6.9 5.9 6.3 7.2 6.1 6.6 4 --- --- --- 6.1 5.4 5.7 6.9 5.8 6.3 7.6 6.3 6.7 5 --- --- --- 6.7 5.8 6.2 6.7 5.9 6.2 7.8 6.4 6.9 6 --- --- --- 6.9 6.3 6.5 7.4 6.0 6.6 7.7 6.5 6.9 7 --- --- --- 7.0 6.3 6.6 7.9 6.6 7.2 7.7 6.6 7.0 8 --- --- --- 6.9 6.3 6.6 7.6 6.2 6.9 7.8 6.7 7.1 9 --- --- --- 6.4 5.8 6.3 7.4 6.1 6.6 7.2 6.0 6.7 10 8.1 6.1 6.8 6.9 6.2 6.6 7.2 6.1 6.5 6.6 5.9 6.3 11 7.3 5.8 6.4 7.1 6.3 6.6 6.7 5.9 6.2 7.2 6.4 6.7 12 6.3 4.5 5.6 6.7 5.8 6.3 7.0 5.7 6.3 7.5 6.6 6.9 13 6.4 4.3 5.2 6.5 5.8 6.1 6.4 5.7 6.0 7.3 6.4 6.9 14 7.1 5.3 6.5 6.5 5.7 6.1 7.1 5.7 6.2 7.2 6.3 6.7 15 7.3 6.4 6.9 6.1 5.6 5.8 6.5 5.8 6.1 7.2 6.2 6.6 16 8.3 7.3 8.1 6.1 5.4 5.7 6.5 5.9 6.2 7.2 6.1 6.6 17 8.2 6.3 7.0 6.1 5.4 5.7 6.8 6.4 6.5 7.2 6.0 6.5 18 8.0 6.3 7.4 6.1 5.5 5.7 7.0 6.3 6.6 8.0 6.3 7.1 19 8.2 7.1 7.7 6.2 5.4 5.7 7.1 6.4 6.6 8.0 6.8 7.3 20 8.0 7.1 7.7 6.5 5.7 6.0 6.6 5.7 6.2 7.8 7.1 7.6 21 7.7 7.2 7.5 6.8 5.9 6.3 6.6 5.7 6.1 8.1 7.4 7.8 22 7.6 7.0 7.3 6.4 5.9 6.2 6.6 5.7 6.1 8.3 7.8 8.0 23 7.0 6.5 6.8 6.2 5.9 6.1 7.5 6.1 6.9 8.0 7.5 7.7 24 6.8 6.3 6.6 6.4 6.0 6.2 7.3 6.8 7.0 8.1 7.4 7.8 25 6.3 5.4 6.0 6.5 6.0 6.3 7.6 7.0 7.2 8.0 7.2 7.5 26 5.7 4.6 5.3 6.5 6.0 6.3 7.7 6.6 7.2 8.3 7.2 7.6 27 6.0 5.4 5.7 7.0 6.3 6.7 7.3 6.0 6.7 8.3 7.4 7.8 28 6.8 5.7 6.2 6.9 6.1 6.5 6.9 5.9 6.3 7.9 7.0 7.4 29 6.9 6.1 6.4 6.6 5.8 6.2 6.7 5.9 6.3 8.8 6.8 7.8 30 6.8 6.1 6.4 7.1 6.0 6.4 7.2 6.1 6.5 8.2 7.2 7.6 31 --- --- --- 7.2 6.1 6.5 7.3 6.3 6.7 --- --- --- MONTH 8.3 4.3 6.6 7.2 5.4 6.2 7.9 5.7 6.5 8.8 5.9 7.1 YEAR 13.5 4.3 8.8