By Christopher D. Farrar, John M. Neil, and James F. Howle
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Water-Resources Investigations report 98-4217
Sacramento, California 1999
Carbon dioxide flux statistics
------------------------------ Esti-
Area of Area of Number Mini- Maxi- Standard mated
Location emission tree-kill of 3 mum mum Mean Med- devi- total
(hect- (hect- measure- ian ation flux
ares) ares) ments (Mg/d)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Horseshoe Lake 16 12 31 39 5,640 935 395 1,188 113
Borrow Pit 2.8 1.4 11 76 6,652 1,358 788 1,920 20
Chair 12 6.8 4.6 20 53 3,058 1,001 618 1,079 48
Lodge 2.3 (1) 28 0 353 73 42 90 2
Mammoth Mtn.
Fumarole .5 (2) 17 8 8,050 1,206 290 2,092 6
Reds Creek 14.2 10.2 45 0 30,950 2,947 510 6,937 308
Reds Lake 2.3 (1) 2 960 1,952 1,506 -- -- 22
Saddle .5 (2) 24 0 4,769 313 10 1,021 2
Southside 2.2 2.2 18 3 737 217 138 209 5
Upper Dry Creek <1 (2) 9 .3 594 125 6 234 0
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TOTALS 48 36 526
1 Tree-kill is spotty over a large area; the boundary was not mapped.
2 Area is above tree line of mostly devoid of trees.
3 For Horseshoe Lake, Borrow Pit, Chair 12, and Reds Creek,
only values for points inside tree kill boundaries are
included. See table 2 for complete listing of all sample
points and flux values.