Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4158
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AbstractThe quality of urban stormwater is characterized with respect to 188 properties and constituents. Event-mean concentrations and loads for three land uses (residential, industrial, commercial), and annual loads for 12 selected properties and constituents for 26 gaged basins in the Dallas-Fort Worth study area are presented. During February 1992–June 1993, 182 water samples from the 26 gaged basins (each basin classified as primarily residential, industrial, or commercial) were collected and analyzed. Residential land-use basins had greater median concentrations of bacteria, nutrients, and total arsenic. Industrial land-use basins had greater median concentrations of suspended and dissolved solids, and total recoverable chromium, copper, nickel, and zinc. Diazinon was the most frequently detected pesticide in all three land-use basins. Diazinon was detected in 93 percent of samples from residential land-use basins, 70 percent from commercial land-use basins, and 33 percent from industrial land-use basins. Volatile organic compounds and base/neutral and acid extractable semivolatile organic compounds were detected more frequently in samples from industrial land-use basins than residential or commercial land-use basins. Event-mean concentrations (EMCs) were computed for each land use for biochemical oxygen demand; chemical oxygen demand; suspended and dissolved solids; total nitrogen and ammonia plus organic nitrogen; total and dissolved phosphorus; total recoverable copper, lead, and zinc; and total diazinon. The EMCs of chemical oxygen demand; total nitrogen and ammonia plus organic nitrogen; total and dissolved phosphorus; and total diazinon were greatest in samples from residential land-use basins. The EMCs of biochemical oxygen demand; suspended and dissolved solids; and total copper, lead, and zinc were greatest in samples from industrial land-use basins. Loads per square mile for the three land uses were estimated for the same properties and constituents from flow-weighted EMCs and runoff volume on the basis of seven sampled storms at each gaged site. Chemical oxygen demand and dissolved and suspended solids had the greatest mean loads per square mile. Mean loads per square mile were greatest for trace elements in industrial land-use basins and for total diazinon in residential land-use basins. Mean loads per square mile for total nitrogen in the three land-use basins were dissimilar. Local regression equations were developed to estimate loads produced by individual storms. Mean annual loads were estimated by applying the storm-load equations for all runoff-producing storms in an average climatic year and summing individual storm loads to determine the annual load. |
Baldys, Stanley, III, Raines, T.H., Mansfield, B.L., and Sandlin, J.T., 1998, Urban stormwater quality, event-mean concentrations, and estimates of stormwater pollutant loads, Dallas-Fort Worth area, Texas, 1992–93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98–4158, 51 p.
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Description of Study Area
Previous Studies
Acknowledgments
Data Collection
Instrumentation
Water-Quality Sampling
Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Urban Stormwater Quality
Grab-Sample Properties and Constituents
Bacteria
Volatile Organic Compounds
Flow-Weighted Properties and Constituents
Nutrients
Biochemical and Chemical Oxygen Demand
Inorganic Constituents
Trace Elements
Base/Neutral and Acid-Extractable Semivolatile Organic Compounds
Organochlorine Pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Diazinon
Event-Mean Concentrations
Stormwater Pollutant Loads
Computed Loads for Three Land Uses
Regression Analysis to Estimate Loads for All Gaged Basins in the Study Area
Estimated Storm Loads
Estimated Mean Annual Loads
Summary
Selected References
For additional information contact: Director, Texas Water Science Center U.S. Geological Survey 8027 Exchange Drive Austin, Texas 78754-4733 World Wide Web: http://tx.usgs.gov/ |
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