The Chemical Analysis of Argonne Premium Coal Samples
Edited by Curtis A. Palmer
1997
U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2144
Compilation of Multitechnique Determinations of 51 Elements in 8 Argonne Premium Coal Samples
By Curtis A. Palmer and Sarah A. Klizas
Table 4*. Agreement between techniques for trace elements using data from table 2 and criteria described in text.
[The following abbreviations were used under Exceptions: Samples: 1 = UF PC-1; 2 = WY PC-2; 3 = IL PC-3; 4 = PITT PC-4; 5 = POC PC-5; 6 = UT PC-6; 7 = WV PC-7; 8 = ND PC-8. Those that differ from the overall agreement are followed by g = good agreement; u = usable agreement; p = poor agreement; or x = no values or only upper limits found. High-precision (HP) techniques are in bold for consistency with other tables. HP values not used to calculate the mean are identified with an s for values with only one significant figure, an f for values rejected because of the 40 percent rule (see text), or an o for single values rejected using the Grubbs outlier test (Taylor, 1987). All values including outliers were used to determine overall agreement. Equal sign "=" indicates there are no other high-precision values; italicized "good" agreements indicate that the only high-precision techniques used in determining the accuracy were modifications of the same tests, ICAP-AES(A) done in Reston and Denver. The mean of these values was used for comparison in evaluating low-precision values. Sample numbers in parentheses are samples where only single determinations are available. Material analyzed: (A) = ash; (C) = whole coal; * = done in Denver. --, no agreement could be calculated]
| Element | HP techniques |
Overall agreement |
Exceptions | LP techniques |
Overall agreement |
Exceptions |
| Li | FAAS(A) | Good | ||||
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | |||||
| Be | ICAP-AES(A) | Good | 2-4,6,8= | DCAES(A) | Poor | 1g;3,5u |
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | 2s,3s,6su;4s,8s | ||||
| B | ICAP-AES(A)* | -- | 1-8= | DCAES(A) | Usable | 4,7g;6x |
| Sc | INAA(C) | Good | 8= | DCAES(A) | Usable | 3,8g;1p |
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | 8s | ||||
| V | ICAP-AES(A) | Good | DCAES(A) | Usable | 8g | |
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | DCAES(C) | Poor | 2g;6-8x | ||
| Cr | INAA(C) | Good | 7u | EDXRF(C) | Usable | 3g;4s,5sp;6,8x;2s |
| EDXRF(A) | Usable | 8g;6x;2o | DCAES(A) | Good | 1,2,4,5u | |
| ICAP-AES(A) | Good | 3,4u | DCAES(C) | Poor | 2sg;6-8x | |
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | |||||
| Co | INAA(C) | Good | 8= | DCAES(A) | Usable | 4g |
| FAAS(A) | Good | 6u;8x | DCAES(C) | Usable | 1sg;2-4,6-8x; 5s |
|
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | 8su | ||||
| Ni | INAA(C) | Good | 4,5u;8x | EDXRF(C) | Poor | 7u;2s,6s,8s |
| EDXRF(A) | Good | 2,8u;6x | DCAES(A) | Usable | 1g;4p | |
| ICAP-AES(A) | Good | 5,8u | DCAES(C) | Poor | 4u;2,6-8x | |
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | 1,3ou | ||||
| Cu | EDXRF(A) | Good | 7,8u;6x | EDXRF(C) | Usable | 1g;4,6s,7,8sp |
| ICAP-AES(A) | Good | 5,7,8u | DCAES(A) | Usable | 2,3g;5p | |
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Usable | 1-4,6,7g;8op | DCAES(C) | Usable | 1,4g;2,5p;6-8x | |
| Zn | INAA(C) | Good | 3,5,8u | EDXRF(C) | Poor | 8sg;3,7u;6x |
| EDXRF(A) | Usable | 1,2,4,5,7,8g;3fp,6x | ||||
| ICAP-AES(A) | Good | 5,8u | DCAES(C) | Poor | 2,5-8x | |
| ICAP-AES(A)* | Good | 4o,6u | ||||
| Ga | ICAP-AES(A)* | -- | 1-8= | DCAES(A) | Usable | 4,8p |
| DCAES(C) | Poor | 6-8x;2s,3s,4s, 5s |
||||
| Ge | ICAP-MS(A)* | -- | 1-8= | DCAES(A) | Usable | 3,4g;5p;2,6,8x |
| DCAES(C) | Usable | 1s,3sg;(4)sp; 2,5-8x |
||||
| As | INAA(C) | Good | 2,3,6,8u | DCAES(A) | Poor | 2,3,6-8x |
| ICAP-MS(A)* | Usable | 1,3-5,7g;8o | ||||
| Se | INAA(C) | Good | 2u | |||
| HGAAS(C)* | Good | 2u,7o | ||||
| Rb | INAA(C) | Good | 7,8u;2,5x | EDXRF(C) | Usable | 1,4sg;2,5s,6s, 8sp |
| ICAP-MS(A)* | Good | 2,8u | ||||
| EDXRF(A) | Good | 2,7u;6,8x |
*This table is continued on the next two pages.
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