Maximum tsunami wave height with 0.2 or 1 percent annual probability of exceedance, Seaside, Oregon (exrate)

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Metadata:


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Eric L. Geist
Originator: Florence L. Wong
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Maximum tsunami wave height with 0.2 or 1 percent annual probability of exceedance, Seaside, Oregon (exrate)
Edition: 1
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/236/catalog.shtml>
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Florence L. Wong
Originator: Angie J. Venturato
Originator: Eric L. Geist
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Seaside, Oregon Tsunami Pilot Study - Modernization of FEMA Flood Hazard Maps: GIS Data
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
Issue_Identification: 236
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/236/>
Description:
Abstract:
Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment analysis (PTHA) was used to develop 100- and 500-year flood maps at Seaside, Oregon. This data set consists of contours of maximum wave height (referenced to MHHW) with a probabilities of 0.010 or 0.002 (1 or 0.2 percent chance) of being exceeded in any given year. These are commonly referred to as the 100- and 500-year floods, respectively, although it should be noted that tsunamis and the causative earthquakes are highly aperiodic.
Purpose:
This data set is one of a collection of digital files of a geographic information system of spatially referenced data related to the Seaside, Oregon, Tsunami Pilot Study.

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) guidelines do not currently exist for conducting and incorporating tsunami hazard assessments that reflect the substantial advances in tsunami research achieved in the last two decades (Tsunami Pilot Study Working Group, 2006). Therefore, as part of FEMAs Modernization Program, a Tsunami Pilot Study was carried out in the Seaside/Gearhart, Oregon, area to provide information from which tsunami mapping guidelines could be developed. This area was chosen because it is typical of coastal communities in the section of the Pacific Coast from Cape Mendocino to the Strait of Juan de Fuca. There was also considerable interest shown by state agencies and local stakeholders in mapping the tsunami threat to this area. The study was an interagency effort by scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the University of Southern California, and the Middle East Technical University. We present the GIS data from that report in this publication.

These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. The data can be used with geographic information systems (GIS) software to display geologic and oceanographic information.

Supplemental_Information:
Data sets covered by this metadata document have prefixes exrate010 and exrate002 for 1 and 0.2 percent probability of exceedance, respectively.

exrate010.shp, exrate002.shp - PTHA wave heights determined by input from all far- and near-field sources

exrate002c.shp - smoothed version of exrate002.shp

exrate010aa.shp, exrate002aa.shp - wave heights determined using only source 1 of the Alaska-Aleutian segmentation

exrate010td480.shp, exrate002td480.shp - PTHA wave heights determined using a mean inter-event time of 480 years (mean value from records)

exrate010td560.shp, exrate002td560.shp - PTHA wave heights determined using a mean inter-event time of 560 years (value from model)

Although the 100-year probabilistic inundation (exrate010) looks similar to inundation from the historic 1964 event, the 100-year probabilistic map is the aggregate of many different tsunami sources around the Pacific. From the little data available, the mean inter-event time for a 1964-type earthquake in Alaska is quite long (~750 years), although again, earthquakes are highly aperiodic.

The 500-year probabilistic map (exrate002) is dominated by Cascadia earthquakes, but because the average inter-event time is thought to be greater than 500 years for a Cascadia M~9 earthquake, the wave heights in the 500-year probabilistic map are slightly less than for a given Cascadia scenario.

Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2006
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -123.969688
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -123.910658
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.059678
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 45.968825
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Theme_Keyword: probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment
Theme_Keyword: tsunamis
Theme_Keyword: coastal geology
Theme_Keyword: PTHA
Theme_Keyword: tsunami probability
Theme_Keyword: tsunami hazard
Theme_Keyword: FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: Seaside, Oregon
Place_Keyword: Gearhart, Oregon
Place_Keyword: Oregon
Place_Keyword: USA
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GEOnet Names Server
Place_Keyword: north Pacific Ocean
Access_Constraints: None.
Use_Constraints:
Annual probability of exceedance for different total wave heights, including tides, were specifically developed for the FEMA tsunami pilot study probability specifications (see umbrella Use Constraint). This dataset should not be used for any other purpose, including other insurance applications.

The data, digital results, GIS layers, and map products in this database have been created specifically as part of a pilot study for FEMA's modernization of Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) project. The results of the pilot study are intended to help FEMA draft new guidelines related to tsunami flooding for Coastal Flood Hazard Analysis and Mapping for the Pacific Coast of the United States. The results are intrinsically probabilistic and designed according to FEMA flood zone specifications: annual probabilities of exceedance of 1% and 0.2%. The data, digital results, GIS layers, and map products are not intended for other uses. In particular, the 1% and 0.2% annual exceedance probability tsunami flood maps are not to be used for emergency planning, evacuation, or other insurance purposes. Please refer to the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program tsunami inundation maps for use in emergency planning.

Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.

Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data.

The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or related materials.

This information is not intended for navigational purposes.

Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Florence L. Wong
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 345 Middlefield Road, MS 999
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: California
Postal_Code: 94025
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-5327
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-5190
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fwong@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/236/metadata/exrate.gif>
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Maximum tsunami wave heights with annual probabilities of exceedance of 0.010 and 0.002
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 4; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.722
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: TPSWG Tsunami Pilot Study Working Group
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Seaside, Oregon Tsunami Pilot Study - Modernization of FEMA Flood Hazard Maps
Edition: 1
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2006-1234
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1234/>
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Eric L. Geist
Originator: Tom Parsons
Publication_Date: 2006
Title: Probabilistic analysis of tsunami hazards
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Natural Hazards
Issue_Identification: v. 37, n. 3, p. 277-314
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Florence L. Wong
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Surface and Area Calculation for the 100-year and 500-year Floods, Appendix G
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Tsunami Pilot Study Working Group
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Seaside, Oregon Tsunami Pilot Study - Modernization of FEMA Flood Hazard Maps
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2006-1234
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Menlo Park
Publisher: California
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1234/>
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Mofjeld, H.O., Venturato, A.J., González, F.I., and Titov, V.V.
Publication_Date: 2004
Title: Background tides and sea level variations at Seaside, Oregon
Series_Information:
Series_Name: NOAA, Technical Memorandum
Issue_Identification: OAR PMEL-126
Other_Citation_Details: 15 pages
Online_Linkage: <http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pubs/PDF/mofj2736/mofj2736.pdf>
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Eric L. Geist
Publication_Date: 2005
Title:
Local Tsunami Hazards in the Pacific Northwest from Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquakes
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper
Issue_Identification: 1661-B
Other_Citation_Details: 21 pages
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1661b/>

Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The maximum wave heights presented here were modeled by probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment techniques and approximate the magnitudes of a 1% annual probability flood. Accuracy with these estimates can be associated with uncertainty in the model results. Sources of aleatory uncertainty from fault rupture complexity and tidal stage at tsunami arrival time. For the former, the coefficient of variation is typically 20% (Geist, 2005). For the latter, the coefficient of variation is typically 7% (Mofjeld and others, 2004). A comprehensive analysis for other sources of aleatory and epistemic uncertainty has not been conducted for this pilot study.
Logical_Consistency_Report: No tests of logical consistency were conducted.
Completeness_Report: Complete.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The model was constructed on a 2-second grid spacing (approximately 60 meters north-south). All model wave height and probability calculations are referenced to this grid.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The results of the probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis (PTHA) are grids of probability values for a series of tsunami wave heights in 0.5-m increments from 0.5 m to 10.5 m (Tsunami Pilot Study Working Group, 2006). The cell size is defined by the near-field tsunami source models and is 0.000558 degree in geographic coordinates or approximately 60 m in projected coordinates. The cell values were exported from PTHA as xyz (longitude, latitude, probability) values and reformatted as ArcGIS grids. The grid for each wave height (e.g., iy01_005g) was contoured with an interval of 0.2% or 0.002 probability. The 1.0% contours for each wave height were merged into one file (exrate010) representing an annual probability of exceedance of 1.0% or the 100-year tsunami (Wong, 2006). Similarly the 0.2% contours were compiled as exrate002. The 0.2% data were further smoothed to resolve sub-gridcell data overlaps and are presented in exrate002c.
Process_Date: 2005

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 65
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4

Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.0003
Longitude_Resolution: 0.0003
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: exrate010
Entity_Type_Definition: arc attribute table
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LENGTH
Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MAXWVHT_M
Attribute_Definition: maximum wave height in meters referenced to MHHW
Attribute_Definition_Source: Tsunami Pilot Study Working Group, 2006
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Ranges indeterminate.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Contours of maximum wave heights for tsunamis with 1 or 0.2 percent annual probability of occurrence in the Seaside, Oregon, area
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Tsunami Pilot Study Working Group, 2006

Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: USGS Information Services
Address: Box 25286
City: Denver
State_or_Province: Colorado
Postal_Code: 80225-0286
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: infoservices@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 236
Distribution_Liability:
This information is not intended for navigational purposes.

Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ARCE
Format_Version_Number: 9.1
Transfer_Size: 0.087
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/236/>
Fees: None
Technical_Prerequisites:
Shapefile format is viewable with geographic information system (GIS) software.

Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20060810
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Florence L. Wong
Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 345 Middlefield Road, MS 999
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: California
Postal_Code: 94025
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-5327
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-5190
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fwong@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile

Generated by mp version 2.8.11 on Tue Dec 19 09:15:35 2006