Materials Required:

• Empty Reduction Tube
• Quartz Wool
• Copper Plus (Reagent)
• Copper Oxide - Wire Form
• Silver Gauze
• Glass Rod
• Metal Rod
• Paper Funnel
• Screwdriver
• Gloves
• Safety Goggles
• Hood
• Copper Diffusion Plug

Insert a small piece of quartz wool into the inlet of either end of the tube to where it widens.

There should be enough wool in both the thin and the wide part of the tube to block the chemicals from coming out.

Use the glass rod to ensure there is a secure fit with the wool so no chemicals can pass through the thin section of the tube.

Use the funnel and pour in the Copper Plus an inch at a time tapping the glass with the handle of the screwdriver after each addition.

Tapping the glass will help compact the Copper Plus and reduce air spaces.

Add enough Copper Plus to fill the tube approximately 9 inches after compaction.

Insert another piece of quartz wool over the layer of Copper Plus to form a divider.

Use the metal rod to spread the quartz wool so it covers the entire layer of Copper Plus.

Using the funnel again, add a small amount of Copper Oxide - Wire Form and use the glass rod to compact the layer until it is approximately 1/2 inch.

Add a final piece of quartz wool (1/4 inch) over the Copper Oxide layer and compact it with the glass rod to secure it in the tube.

Insert the copper diffusion plug into the tube so it rests on the quartz wool above the Copper Oxide layer.

Insert the Silver Gauze into the outlet of the tube below the Copper Plus layer.

Install the new Reduction Tube into the analyzer.

Materials Required:

• Empty Combustion Tube
• Quartz Wool
• EA 1000
• Silver Vanadate
• Silver Tungstate on Magnesium Oxide
• Vial Receptacle
• 3 Small Crucibles (located on top of CHN desiccator)
• Tongs
• Heat Resistant Gloves
• Desiccator
• Muffle Furnace
• Silver Gauze
• Glass Rod
• Metal Rod
• Paper Funnel
• Screwdriver
• Gloves
• Safety Goggles
• Hood

Condition the Chemicals:

Before filling the Combustion Tube, you must first condition the chemicals by heating them in a muffle furnace to remove traces of moisture and carbon.

Fill the crucibles with the 3 chemicals and place them in a muffle furnace set at 900°C for 30 minutes.

*Make sure to place the crucibles in the furnace while it is cold and then let everything come up to temperature at once.

Once the time has lapsed, remove the crucibles using tongs and heat resistant gloves and place them on the ceramic plate in the desiccator to cool.

Leave the lid off the desiccator until crucibles have cooled substantially.

Place lid on desiccator until you are ready to make the new tube.

Fill the Tube:

Insert a large piece of quartz wool into the wide inlet of the tube to where it meets with the indentation that separates the two sections of the tube.

The wool should be both in the thin and the wide part of the tube to block the chemicals from coming out (approx. 1in.).

Use the glass rod to ensure there is a secure fit with the wool so no chemicals can pass through this section of the tube.

Use a paper funnel and pour in approximately 2 inches of the conditioned EA- 1000.

Tap the glass with the handle of the screwdriver to settle the reagent and add more reagent to equal the final 2 inch thickness.

Insert another piece of quartz wool to form a divider over the layer of EA-1000 .

Use the metal rod to move the quartz wool so it covers the entire layer.

Using the paper funnel again, add approximately 2 inches of Silver Tungstate on Magnesium Oxide, tap the glass tube to settle the reagent, add more to equal the 2 inch thickness, and add a layer of quartz wool to cover the chemical layer.

Add 1 inch of Silver Vanadate, tap lightly, add more as needed (to equal the 1 inch thickness), and insert a layer of quartz wool into the narrow portion of the tube securely so the chemicals will not not pass through the tube.

Insert some quartz wool into the base of the Vial Receptacle and place it into the tube through the large end so it rests just above the indentation in the tube.

Insert the Silver Gauze into the narrow outlet of the tube below the Silver Vanadate layer.

Install the new Combustion Tube into the analyzer.