USGS OFR 2006-1035 (mlgeo)

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kevin M. Schmidt
Originator: Matthew McMackin
Publication_Date: 2006
Title: USGS OFR 2006-1035 (mlgeo)
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1035
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA
Publisher: U. S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
The ArcGis export file (of06_1035_2a.e00) associated with this report produces a coverage entitled mlgeo.
Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1035/>
Description:
Abstract:
The Quaternary surficial geologic map of the Mesquite Lake, California-Nevada 30' X 60' quadrangle depicts deposit age and geomorphic processes of erosion and deposition, as identified by a composite of remote sensing investigations, laboratory analyses, and field work, in the arid to semi-arid Mojave Desert area, straddling the California-Nevada border. Mapping was motivated by the need to address pressing scientific and social issues such as understanding and predicting the effects of climate and associated hydrologic changes, human impacts on landscapes, ecosystem function, and natural hazards at a regional scale. As the map area lies just to the south of Las Vegas, Nevada, a rapidly expanding urban center, land use pressures and the need for additional construction materials are forecasted for the region. The map contains information on the temporal and spatial patterns of surface processes and hazards that can be used to model specific landscape applications. Key features of the geologic map include: (1) spatially extensive Holocene alluvial deposits that compose the bulk of Quaternary units (~25%), (2) remote sensing and field studies that identified fault scarps or queried faults in the Kingston Wash area, Shadow Mountains, southern Pahrump Valley, Bird Spring Range, Lucy Gray Mountains and Piute Valley, (3) a lineament indicative of potential fault offset is located in Mesquite Valley, (4) active eolian dunes and sand ramps located on the east side of Mesquite, Ivanpah, and Hidden Valleys adjacent to playas, (4) groundwater discharge deposits in southern Pahrump Valley, Spring Mountains, and Lucy Gray Mountains and (5) debris flow deposits spanning almost the entire Quaternary period in age.
Purpose:
The map represents both relative Quaternary deposit ages and genetic formation processes, hence geomorphically active regions prone to specific natural hazards and landscape characteristics of critical environmental concern can be delineated. Surficial geologic maps, particularly when combined with physical property databases, are multipurpose and are needed to evaluate compaction susceptibility from vehicle traffic, isolate areas of active tectonics, identify sites of eolian erosion/deposition and dust emission, and constrain flood and debris flow frequency/magnitude relationships. Aerial extents of mapped features provide first order estimates of source regions, volumes of sediment mobilized, and areas of inundation. As Quaternary deposits are tightly coupled to tectonic, climatic, and hydrologic processes, the sedimentary sequences record information about past conditions, which in turn can be used to infer possible consequences of future conditions such as climate variability on natural hazard susceptibility.
Supplemental_Information:
The U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1035 is a digital geologic data set that maps and describes the geology of the Mesquite Lake 30' x 60' quadrangle, southern California and Nevada. These maps and databases are, part of the nation-wide digital geologic map coverage being developed by the National Cooperative Geologic Map Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). This document describes the types and contents of files comprising the database. Information on how to extract and plot the map also is provided.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: February 9, 2006
Currentness_Reference: publication date
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -116.007087
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.988275
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.012474
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.487552
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: surficial geology
Theme_Keyword: geology
Theme_Keyword: Quaternary
Place:
Place_Keyword: California
Place_Keyword: Nevada
Place_Keyword: Mojave Desert
Place_Keyword: Las Vegas, Nevada
Place_Keyword: San Bernardino County
Place_Keyword: Inyo County
Place_Keyword: Clark County
Temporal:
Temporal_Keyword: Quaternary
Access_Constraints: Published USGS data is for the public record.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Kevin M. Schmidt
Contact_Organization: U. S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 345 Middlefield Road
Address: MS-973
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 94025
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-5302
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-4936
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kschmidt@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: of06_1035_3a.pdf
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Plot file of map with correlation of map units and abbreviated description of map units.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: pdf file
Security_Information:
Security_Classification: Unclassified
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 4; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.2.0.700
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Geologic attributes represented by lines and polygons were all digitized using the same Digital Orthophotographic Quarter Quadrangle (DOQQ) of the Mesquite Lake 30' X 60' quadrangle as a base map.
Completeness_Report:
Relative completeness is spatially variable and is dependent on the availability of field observation. See figure 3 in pamphlet for GPS waypoints of location of field observations.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Lines and polygons were digitized at a scale of roughly 1:10,000 to 1:24,000.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: n/a
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kevin Schmidt
Title: Geologist
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2006-1035
Publication_Information:
Publisher: U. S Geological Survey
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2001 to 2004
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Process_Step:
Process_Step:
Cloud_Cover: n/a
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Complete chain
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 11335
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Label point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4079
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4079
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Node, planar graph
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 7635
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 49
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 11
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000128
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000128
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name: National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: mlgeo.aat
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FNODE#
Attribute_Definition: Internal node number for the beginning of an arc (from-node).
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: TNODE#
Attribute_Definition: Internal node number for the end of an arc (to-node).
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LPOLY#
Attribute_Definition: Internal node number for the left polygon.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: RPOLY#
Attribute_Definition: Internal node number for the right polygon.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LENGTH
Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MLGEO#
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MLGEO-ID
Attribute_Definition: User-defined feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LTYPE
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: mlgeo.pat
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: AREA
Attribute_Definition: Area of feature in internal units squared.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: PERIMETER
Attribute_Definition: Perimeter of feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MLGEO#
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MLGEO-ID
Attribute_Definition: User-defined feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: PTYPE
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: mlgeo.nat
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: ARC#
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MLGEO#
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MLGEO-ID
Attribute_Definition: User-defined feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
The lines (arcs) are recorded as strings of vectors and are described in the arc attribute table (AAT). They define the boundaries of the map units, faults, and the map boundaries. These distinctions, including the geologic identities of the unit boundaries, are recorded in the LTYPE field.

LTYPES used and count:

anticline, approximately located 7

anticline, inferred 9

anticline, inferred, plunge 1

contact, approximately located 14870

contact, certain 188

contact, gradational 528

fault, approximately located 70

fault, certain 15

fault, concealed 130

fault, queried 101

lineament, approximately located 3

Map units (polygons) are described in the polygon attribute table (PAT). The identities of the map units from the original map are recorded in the PTYPE field by map label. Note that ARC/INFO coverages cannot contain both point and polygon information, so only coverages with polygon information will have a polygon attribute table, and these coverages will not have a point attribute table. A complete Description of Map Units is available in the original report, or the digital version of the original report (of06_1035_pamphlet.pdf). Classification of the Quaternary geologic units presented here is defined such that the first two characters in a label designate the relative age followed by a geomorphic process label and a subsequent modifier. The first letter is the period (Quaternary), the second letter is the relative age, the third letter is an abbreviation for the process type, and the fourth letter is reserved for an additional modifier of the process, age, or material. The relative ages of the units are sequentially presented beginning with the youngest surface or deposit. For example, a Qax surface is "active", Qyx is "young", Qix is "intermediate", and Qox is "old"; where x is a placeholder for numerous deposits such as a (alluvium), e (eolian), or p (playa). Unless observed in the field and specifically mapped, it is possible that a given age geologic unit may be composed of a variety of subunits. For instance, alluvial units may have significant contributions from eolian or mass wasting deposits. Hence subunits such as mass wasting deposits are more common than represented on Plate 1 but could not be reliably deciphered from remote sensing techniques.

Active surfaces have received deposition within the last few decades (Qax) or centuries. They are characterized by loose sediment and are prone to flooding and sediment transport. They are typically unvegetated or moderately vegetated and have rough microtopography such as strongly developed bar and swale or debris-flow morphology such as lobes and levees. Active surfaces are small in area on alluvial fans and form discrete channels. Young surfaces (Qyx) are middle and early Holocene in age but are abandoned or receive sediment infrequently. They are characterized by loose to slightly compact sediments. Soil is thin and weakly developed and typically expressed as an incipient to weak, sandy vesicular horizon (Av), weak cambic horizons (Bw), and Stage I calcic horizons (Bk to Bkm). Young surfaces are moderately vegetated, especially with shrubs, and have fairly smooth microtopography, with moderate to faint remnants of bar and swale topography. Although no desert pavement or incipient pavement is generally present, the surface clasts have incipient varnish. Intermediate surfaces (Qix) are Late and Middle Pleistocene in age and have been abandoned for tens to hundreds of thousands of years. Sediments can be loose but are commonly compact. On these intermediate surfaces, desert pavement is moderately to well-developed with moderate to strong varnish on surface clasts of alluvium, except at high altitude. Microtopography of the surface is flat, lacking the original depositional morphology, but may exhibit weak to moderate incision locally. Pedogenic soil is moderately towell-developed with a silty Av horizon, moderately to strongly developed Bt horizon and Stage I+ to III+ calcic horizon. Time-dependent processes such as pedogenesis, varnish development, and the vertical separation between units were best judged from field relations.

Composite symbols Surficial geologic units commonly exist as thin (<2 m) veneers over older units including bedrock. In areas where this relationship is common, the unit designators are shown on the map separated by a slash (/). The younger, or overlying, unit is indicated first. Thus, Qya/Qoa indicates an area where a veneer of young alluvial fan deposits overlies old alluvial fan deposits and Qya/fpg indicates an area where a veneer of young alluvial fan deposits overlies felsic plutonic rock that weathered to grus.

The lateral extent of individual deposits is commonly so small that each deposit cannot be shown individually at the database map scale. Areas made up of deposits too small to show individually, are indicated by deposits (representing more than 20% of the area) separated by a plus sign (+), with the most common deposit listed first. Thus, Qya + Qia indicates an area with both Qya and Qia deposits and associated surfaces, and that Qya is more common than Qia; other deposits in the area compose less than 20%. Where a slash separates mixed units, the assemblage of mixed units combined by (+) sign are treated as a unit. For instance the unit Qaae/Qaa+Qya indicates that Qaae overlies the mixed unit Qaa+Qya. Similarly, Qia+Qya/Qoa indicates that the mixed unit Qia+Qya overlies Qoa.

PTYPES used, count, and brief description:

ml 11 Made land or artificial fill (latest Holocene)

ml/Qia 1 Made land or artificial fill (latest Holocene)

ml/Qya 1 Made land or artificial fill (latest Holocene)

Qaa 30 Active alluvial fan deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaa/Qipw 1 Active alluvial fan deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaa+Qia 2 Active alluvial fan deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaa+Qya 35 Active alluvial fan deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaa+Qyad 2 Active alluvial fan deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaa+Qyed/Qipw 1 Active alluvial fan deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaae/Qya 1 Active mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaae/Qyed 1 Active mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaag+Qyag 3 Active alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (latest Holocene)

Qae 2 Active eolian sand deposit (latest Holocene)

Qae/ca 1 Active eolian sand deposit (latest Holocene)

Qae/Qya 1 Active eolian sand deposit (latest Holocene)

Qae+Qyed 1 Active eolian sand deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaed 2 Active eolian sand dune deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaer 3 Active eolian sand ramp deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaer/mv 1 Active eolian sand ramp deposit (latest Holocene)

Qags 1 Active groundwater discharge deposit (latest Holocene)

Qags+Qig 1 Active groundwater discharge deposit (latest Holocene)

Qap 5 Active playa deposit (latest Holocene)

Qapf 5 Active playa fringe deposit (latest Holocene)

Qapf+Qypf 1 Active playa fringe deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaps 1 Active playa sandy facies deposit (latest Holocene)

Qapw 2 Active wet playa deposit (latest Holocene)

Qav 1 Active valley-axis deposit (latest Holocene)

Qav+Qye 1 Active valley-axis deposit (latest Holocene)

Qav+Qyv 3 Active valley-axis deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaw 13 Active wash deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaw+Qya 26 Active wash deposit (latest Holocene)

Qaw+Qydf 1 Active wash deposit (latest Holocene)

Qawg+Qyag 1 Active wash deposit dominantly composed of grus (latest Holocene)

Qha/ca 201 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/ca+sl 6 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/fp 7 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/fp+mr 1 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/fpg 7 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/fpg+mp 1 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/fpg+mr 5 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/fv 8 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/mp 39 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/mp+fpg 1 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/mr 40 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/mr+fpg 2 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/mv 92 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/pc 121 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/sl 95 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qha/sl+ca 8 Abundant hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qhs/ca 2 Sparse hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qhs/ca+sl 2 Sparse hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qhs/fpg 10 Sparse hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qhs/mr+fpg 1 Sparse hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qhs/mv 1 Sparse hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qhs/pc 2 Sparse hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qhs/sl 1 Sparse hillslope deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Qia 815 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/ca 12 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/ca+sl 6 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/fp 2 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/fv 2 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/mv 10 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/pc 7 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/Qig 1 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia/Qoa 8 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qaa 2 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qoa 17 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qoa/ca+sl 2 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qya 182 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qya/ca+sl 1 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qyag 9 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qyao 3 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qia+Qyaog 1 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiad 10 Intermediate alluvial fan composed of debris-flow deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiad+Qia 4 Intermediate alluvial fan composed of debris-flow deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiad+Qyad 2 Intermediate alluvial fan composed of debris-flow deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiae 9 Intermediate mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiae/Qig 10 Intermediate mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiae+Qyae 1 Intermediate mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiag 47 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiag/fp 4 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiag/fpg 2 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiag+Qae 2 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiag+Qyad 1 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiag+Qyag 34 Intermediate alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qie 15 Intermediate eolian sand deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qie/pc 2 Intermediate eolian sand deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qie/Qoa 2 Intermediate eolian sand deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qie/Qoe 7 Intermediate eolian sand deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qig 25 Intermediate groundwater discharge deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qig+Qye 1 Intermediate groundwater discharge deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qimc 37 Intermediate colluvial deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qimc/mr 1 Intermediate colluvial deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qimc/mv 25 Intermediate colluvial deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qimc/pc 8 Intermediate colluvial deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qimc+Qye 2 Intermediate colluvial deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qimc+Qymc 1 Intermediate colluvial deposits (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qipc 1 Intermediate crystal body playa deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qipw 4 Intermediate wet playa deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qiv 2 Intermediate valley-axis deposit (late and middle Pleistocene)

Qoa 748 Older valley-axis deposits (early Pleistocene)

Qoa/ca 7 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa/ca+sl 4 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa/mv 1 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa/pc 8 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa/sl 1 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa+Qia 17 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa+Qia/ca+sl 3 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa+Qia/sl 2 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoa+Qiad 1 Old alluvial fan deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoad 4 Old alluvial fan composed of debris-flow deposits (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoae 2 Old mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoag 8 Old alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoag/fp 1 Old alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoag/fpg 1 Old alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qoe 6 Old eolian sand deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qog/ca+sl 1 Old groundwater discharge deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qog/sl 1 Old groundwater discharge deposit (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qomc 15 Older colluvial deposits (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qomc+Qye 1 Older colluvial deposits (middle and early Pleistocene)

Qov 5 Older valley-axis deposits (early Pleistocene)

Qpd-ca 1 Deeply dissected pediment

Qpi-fp 3 Incised pediment

Qpi-fpg 2 Incised pediment

Qpi-mr 2 Incised pediment

QToa 59 Oldest Quaternary-Tertiary alluvial fan deposit (early Pleistocene and Pliocene)

QToa/fp+mr 1 Oldest Quaternary-Tertiary alluvial fan deposit (early Pleistocene and Pliocene)

QToa/mv 10 Oldest Quaternary-Tertiary alluvial fan deposit (early Pleistocene and Pliocene)

Qya 356 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya/ca 4 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya/pc 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya/Qia 16 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya/Qig 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya/Qil 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya/Qipw 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya/Qov 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qaa 111 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qaa/Qpi-sl 2 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qaae 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qaw 39 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qia 151 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qia/ca+sl 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qoa 1 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qyad 2 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qya+Qyao 15 Young alluvial fan deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyad/Qia 1 Young alluvial fan composed of debris-flow deposits (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyad+Qaw 1 Young alluvial fan composed of debris-flow deposits (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae 8 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae/Qia 1 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae/Qig 4 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae/Qipw 1 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae/Qiv 1 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae/Qya+Qaa 4 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae+Qia 7 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae+Qiae 1 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyae+Qya 1 Young mixed alluvial and eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag 36 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag/fp 1 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag/Qia 14 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qaag 29 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qaw 1 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qawg 1 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qia 2 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qiag 28 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qyad 1 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qyae 3 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qyaog 11 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyag+Qypf 1 Young alluvial fan deposit composed of grus (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyao+Qya 4 Older young alluvial fan (early Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyaog+Qyae 1 Older young alluvial fan composed of grus (early Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyaog+Qyag 4 Older young alluvial fan composed of grus (early Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye 10 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/pc 1 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qia 17 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qiag 2 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qie 2 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qie/pc 2 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qig 1 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qiv 6 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qoa 6 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qoe 1 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qya 3 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qye/Qyag 1 Young eolian sand deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyea 7 Young mixed eolian sand and alluvial deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyea/Qia 2 Young mixed eolian sand and alluvial deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyea/Qoa 25 Young mixed eolian sand and alluvial deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyea/Qya 1 Young mixed eolian sand and alluvial deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyea+Qipw 1 Young mixed eolian sand and alluvial deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyea+Qya 5 Young mixed eolian sand and alluvial deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyed 8 Young eolian sand dune deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyed/Qia 3 Young eolian sand dune deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyed/Qig 8 Young eolian sand dune deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyed/Qipw 1 Young eolian sand dune deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyed+Qipw 1 Young eolian sand dune deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qygs 5 Young groundwater discharge deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qymc 2 Young colluvial deposits (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qypf 2 Young playa fringe deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qypf/Qipw 1 Young playa fringe deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qypf+Qapf 1 Young playa fringe deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qypw 1 Young wet playa deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyv 3 Young valley-axis deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyv/Qiag 1 Young valley-axis deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyv+Qav 1 Young valley-axis deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Qyv+Qiv 8 Young valley-axis deposit (Holocene and latest Pleistocene)

Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U. S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: USGS Information Services
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: Box 25286 Denver Federal Center
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225-0046
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 202-4693
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: infoservices@usgs.gov
Resource_Description:
This Open-File Report consists of three digital packages. The first is the Documentation Package, which consists of this file in text and Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF), a Portable Document Format (PDF) file of the geologic map and an accompanying geologic pamphlet (which includes a more detailed description of map units), FGDC metadata for the Report, and possibly a revision list. The second is Digital Database Package, which contains the geologic map database itself, and metadata. The third is the Plot file Package, which contains an on-screen viewable or printable image of the geologic map created from the database in PostScript and PDF formats.

For those interested in the geology of the map area that do not use an ARC/INFO-compatible (Environmental Systems Research Institute, www.esri.com) Geographic Information System (GIS), we have provided two sets of plot files containing images of much of the information in the database. There is a plot file image in Adobe Acrobat PDF (<http://www.adobe.com/>) format (see Plot file Package sections below).

Those who have computer capability can access the plot file packages in any of the three ways described below (see the section Obtaining the Digital Database and Plot file Packages). However, the plot file packages do require zip utilities to access the plot files. Therefore, additional software, available free on the Internet, may be required to use the plot files (see Zip files section).

Those without computer capability can obtain plots of the map files through USGS plot-on-demand service for digital geologic maps (see section Obtaining plots from USGS Open-File Services) or from an outside vendor (see section Obtaining plots from an outside vendor).

Note: filenames used in this report are based on combinations of the Open-File Report number, followed by an underscore, followed by the number of the package, followed by an alphabetic character denoting the part of that package, followed by a ".", and a three or four digit file extension. For example, for a text file of the metadata part of the documentation package (package number 1) in Open-File Report OF99_999 (a fictitious report number) would have a file name of of099_999_1a.txt

Documentation Package

The Documentation Package includes descriptions of this report, including instructions on how to get the report, data formats and content. It consists of 3 parts, a "Read Me" text description (this file), FGDC compliant metadata describing the report, and a revision list, if any, that lists any revisions made to this report. This documentation package contains the following:

ReadMe_of06_1035.txt (a text file of the report text)

ReadMe_of06_1035.pdf (a PDF file of the report text)

of06_1035_pamphlet.pdf (a PDF file of the pamphlet to accompany the map including geologic interpretation, figures, and a description of map units)

of06_1035_1a.txt (a text file of FGDC compliant metadata for this report)

of06_1035_1a.html (an HTML file of FGDC compliant metadata)

Digital Database Package

The database package includes geologic map database files for the map area. The digital maps, or coverages, along with their associated database directory have been converted to uncompressed ARC/INFO export files (.e00) for distribution. ARC export files promote ease of data handling, and are usable by some Geographic Information Systems in addition to ARC/INFO. Additionally, ARC export files contain both the spatial and associated database information, so that it is possible to read and interpret the files and write simple code to convert the files to a format more convenient to the user, should no such code be available off-the-shelf. The ARC export files and associated ARC/INFO coverages, shapefiles, and style file included in the database, are described below: The export file (of06_1035_2a.e00) contains the coverage (ml-geo) including Quaternary geologic units, faults, depositional contacts, and rock units in the quadrangle.

The style file (of06_1035_2b.style) includes colors and patterns for LTYPES and PTYPES in ml-geo coverage.

The shapefile (of06_1035_2c.shp) includes polygons of the Quaternary geologic units and rock units in the quadrangle.

The shapefile (of06_1035_2d.shp) includes arcs (lines) of the Quaternary geologic units and rock unit contacts, faults, lineaments, and folds.

The database package also includes a text file of FGDC compliant metadata for this Report (of06_1035_1a.txt)

Converting ARC export files ARC export files are converted to ARC coverages using the ARC command IMPORT with the option COVER. To ease conversion and maintain naming conventions, we have included a style file (of06_1035_2b.style ) with embedded color and line types. The style contains a set of color fills with associated attributes used to assign the fills and line types in ArcMap to polygon and line features by matching the attribute terminology. In ArcMap, styles are applied to features using the "Match to symbols in a style" choice under the "Categories" menu in Symbology tab.

ARC export files can also be read by some other Geographic Information Systems. Please consult your GIS documentation to see if you can use ARC export files and the procedure to import them.

Digital Compilation

The map represents new digital mapping and is a not compiled from traditional analog sources. Features were digitized 'heads up' on various remote sensing datasets at varying scales. See file of06_1035_pamphlet.pdf for additional details of map generation.

The following quality control measures were taken: Geologic lines attributed as a 'contact' we checked so as to not separate geologic map units of the same type. No lines attributed as contacts are 'dangles'. All geologic polygons are attributed with map unit designators described in this report.

Base Maps

The base map presented on the geologic map images in this report is the Mesquite Lake 1:100,000 scale U.S. Geological Survey Digital Raster Graphic (DRG) for the map area. DRGs are available from the U.S. Geological Survey, as well as other data providers, and are not distributed with this report. The base map used in the original report may not be the same as that presented in this version.

Spatial Resolution

Uses of this digital geologic map should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Although the digital form of the data removes the constraint imposed by the scale of a paper map, the detail and accuracy inherent in map scale are also present in the digital data. The fact that this database was edited at a scale of 1:100,000 means that higher resolution information is not present in the dataset. Plotting at scales larger than 1:100,000 will not yield greater real detail, although it may reveal fine-scale irregularities below the intended resolution of the database. Similarly, where this database is used in combination with other data of higher resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lower resolution of these data.

Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ARCE
Transfer_Size: 4.241
Ordering_Instructions:
Obtaining the Digital Database and Plot file Packages

a. From the USGS Web Pages To obtain zip files of database or plot file packages from the USGS web pages: The U.S. Geological Survey web site is located at: <http://www.usgs.gov/>

The direct URL to the web page for this Report is: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1035/>

Standard_Order_Process:
Ordering_Instructions:
Obtaining the Digital Database and Plot file Packages

b. Sending a CDR with request c. Contacting USGS Open-File ServicesTo obtain zip files of database or plot file packages on CDROM: Database files, the PDF plot file, and related files can be obtained by sending a recordable compact disk (CDR) with request and return address to:

Mesquite Lake 30'x60', California Database c/o Database Coordinator U.S. Geological Survey 345 Middlefield Road, MS 973 Menlo Park, CA 94025

Do not omit any part of this address!

NOTE: Be sure to include with your request the exact names, as listed above, of the zip files you require. An Open-File Report number is not sufficient, unless you are requesting both the database package and plot file package for the report.

Obtaining plots from USGS Open-File Services The U.S. Geological Survey will make plots on demand from map files such as those described in this report. The U.S. Geological Survey's Map on Demand website can be found at: <http://store.usgs.gov/mod/>

Be sure to include with your request the publication number and the exact names, as listed above, of the plot file(s) you require. A publication number and its letter alone are not sufficient, unless you are requesting plots of all the plot files in this report. You may wish to determine the price before placing an order.

Also note that not all parts of this report (such as this text and the spatial data) are plot files, and may not be provided by the Map on Demand service.

Order plots from: USGS Information Services Box 25286 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225-0046 1-888-ASK-USGS FAX: (303) 202-4693 e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov

Obtaining plots from a commercial vendor Many commercial vendors are capable of producing large format plots for a fee. Most commercial vendors will require the plot files to be on a CD-ROM or other portable disk format. Users may download the data from the Internet and create their own CD-ROM, or we can provide one (See To obtain zip files of database or plot file packages on CDROM). Make sure your vendor is capable of reading compact disks and PDF plot files, and be certain to provide a copy of this document to your vendor.

Technical_Prerequisites:
Database Specifics

Digital database format The database in this report was compiled in ARC/INFO, a commercial Geographic Information System (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California). All GIS work was done in ARC/INFO version 8.2 using ArcMap. The files are in ARC/INFO coverage format, and thus contain vector data. Coverages are distributed in uncompressed ARC export format. ARC/INFO export files (files with the .e00 extension) can be converted into ARC/INFO coverages in ArcGIS (see the Digital Database Package) and can be read by some other Geographic Information Systems, such as MapInfo via ArcLink and ESRI's ArcView (version 1.0 for Windows 3.1 to 3.11 is available for free from ESRI's web site: <http://www.esri.com>).

Plot file Package

For those interested in the geology of the map area that don't use an ARC/INFO compatible GIS system, we have included a separate data package of a printable map created from the database. Because this release is primarily a digital database, the plot file (and plots derived from) have not been edited to conform to U.S. Geological Survey cartographic standards. Small units have not been labeled with leaders and in some instances map features or annotations overlap. The map image is 33 by 63 inches and requires a large plotter to produce paper copies at the intended scale. The technical context of the map has undergone scientific review. The map images were created using a technique that composites the geologic map with the U.S. Geological Survey Digital Raster Graphic (DRG) for the map area, but the 'collar' information contained in the DRG was not presented on the geologic map.

The size of the map is 33 by 63 inches when printed at the map scale. The file of06_1035_3a.pdf is a PDF format file containing an image of the geologic map, at a scale of 1:100,000. The size of the map is 33 by 63 inches when printed at the map scale.

Zip files

The digital database package described above is stored in a zip file. A zip, or winzip, compression utility is required to extract the database from the zip file. This utility operates under UNIX, Windows, and Macintosh operating systems, and can be obtained free of charge over the Internet from Internet Literacy's Common Internet File Formats Web page (<http://www.matisse.net/files/formats.html>). The zip algorithm may also be uncompressed with decompression programs, available free of charge over the Internet via links from the USGS Public Domain Software page (<http://edc.usgs.gov/geodata/public.html>).

The map databases consist of ARC coverages and supporting INFO files, which are stored in a UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) projection (Table 1).

Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20060214
Metadata_Review_Date: January 31, 2006
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U. S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Kevin Schmidt
Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 345 Middlefield Rd, MS 973
City: Menlo Park
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 94025
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-5302
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-4936
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kschmidt@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Security_Information:
Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
Generated by mp version 2.7.3 on Tue Feb 14 14:20:11 2006