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Figure 35. Temperature variations during the late Pleistocene Epoch and near the beginning of the Holocene Epoch, determined as proxy temperatures from ice cores extracted from the central part of the Greenland ice sheet. Note the 1,000-year Younger Dryas cold interval (about 10 ka to 11 ka), the short Medieval Warm Interval (about 1100–1300 C.E.), and the Little Ice Age (about 1400–1880 C.E.). Modified from Alley (2000, p. 9, fig. 12).