Select image for high resolution and Save to download

Figure 66. The components of meltwater runoff from glaciers. Observational results for winter mass balance were used to calculate the steady-state runoff for 40 glaciers worldwide during the period 1961–2003, steady-state runoff increased by one-third to account for accumulation in four summer months to approximate the annual value. These annual values of mass gain were multiplied by the glacier area of 785,000 km² to obtain the annual rate of flux of total freshwater volume from glaciers to the world ocean, excluding flux from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets (steady-state components in this figure). Runoff from storage is (equal to) glacier mass balance.