Links
- Document: Report (pdf)
- Larger Work: Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds
- Download citation as: RIS | Dublin Core
Abstract
Avian botulism is a paralytic, often fatal, disease of birds that results when they ingest toxin produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum. Seven distinct types of toxin designated by the letters A to G have been identified (Table 38.1). Waterfowl die-offs due to botulism are usually caused by type C toxin; sporadic die-offs among fish-eating birds, such as common loons and gulls, have been caused by type E toxin. Type A botulinum toxin has also caused disease in birds, most frequently in domestic chickens. Types B, D, F, and G are not known to cause avian botulism in North America.
| Publication type | Report |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Federal Government Series |
| Title | Avian botulism |
| Series title | Information and Technology Report |
| Series number | 1999-0001 |
| Year Published | 1999 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | U.S. Geological Survey |
| Publisher location | Reston, VA |
| Contributing office(s) | National Wildlife Health Center |
| Description | 11 p. |
| Larger Work Type | Report |
| Larger Work Subtype | USGS Numbered Series |
| Larger Work Title | Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds |
| First page | 271 |
| Last page | 281 |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |