Weights, growth, and survival of timber wolf pups in Minnesota

Journal of Mammalogy
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Abstract

Weights, growth rates, canine tooth lengths, and survival data were obtained from 73 wild wolf (Canis lupus) pups that were 8 to 28 weeks old when live-trapped in three areas of northern Minnesota from 1969 to 1972. Relative weights of wild pups are expressed as percentages of a standard weight curve based on data from captive pups of similar age. These relative weights varied greatly within litters, between litters, and between years; extremes of 31 to 144 percent of the standard were observed. Growth rates ranging from 0.05 to 0.23 kilograms per day were observed, and similar variations in general development and in replacement and growth of canine teeth were noted. Survival data based on radio-tracking and tag returns indicated that pups with relative weights less than 65 percent of standard have a poor chance of survival, whereas pups of at least 80 percent of standard weight have a high survivability. Pups born in 1972 were especially underweight, probably a result of declining white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) densities in the interior of the Superior National Forest study area.

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Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Weights, growth, and survival of timber wolf pups in Minnesota
Series title Journal of Mammalogy
DOI 10.2307/1379605
Volume 56
Issue 1
Year Published 1975
Language English
Publisher Oxford Academic
Contributing office(s) Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
Description 20 p.
First page 44
Last page 63
Country United States
State Minnesota
Other Geospatial northern Minnesota
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