Acute oral toxicities of wildland fire control chemicals to birds
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Abstract
Wildland fire control chemicals are released into the environment by aerial and ground applications to manage rangeland, grassland, and forest fires. Acute oral 24 h median lethal dosages (LD50) for three fire retardants (Fire-Trol GTS-R?, Phos-Chek D-75F?, and Fire-Trol LCG-R?) and two Class A fire suppressant foams (Silv-Ex? and Phos-Chek WD881?) were estimated for northern bobwhites, Colinus virginianus, American kestrels, Falco sparverius, and red-winged blackbirds, Agelaius phoeniceus. The LD50s of all chemicals for the bobwhites and red-winged blackbirds and for kestrels dosed with Phos-Chek WD881? and Silv-Ex? were above the predetermined 2000 mg chemical/kg body mass regulatory limit criteria for acute oral toxicity. The LD50s were not quantifiable for kestrels dosed with Fire-Trol GTS-R?, Phos-Chek D-75F?, and Fire-Trol LCG-R? because of the number of birds which regurgitated the dosage. These chemicals appear to be of comparatively low order of acute oral toxicity to the avian species tested.
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Acute oral toxicities of wildland fire control chemicals to birds |
| Series title | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.09.001 |
| Volume | 72 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Year Published | 2009 |
| Language | English |
| Contributing office(s) | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
| Description | 862-865 |
| Larger Work Type | Article |
| Larger Work Subtype | Journal Article |
| Larger Work Title | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| First page | 862 |
| Last page | 865 |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |