Sources and fractionation processes influencing the isotopic distribution of H, O and C in the Long Valley hydrothermal system, California, U.S.A.
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Abstract
The isotopic ratios of H, O and C in water within the Long Valley caldera, California reflect input from sources external to the hydrothermal reservoir. A decrease in δD in precipitation of 0.5‰ km−1, from west to east across Long Valley, is caused by the introduction of less fractionated marine moisture through a low elevation embayment in the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range. Relative to seasonal fluctuations in precipitation (−158 to −35‰.), δD ranges in hot and cold surface and groundwaters are much less variable (−135 to −105‰.). Only winter and spring moisture, reflecting higher precipitation rates with lighter isotopic signatures, recharge the hydrological system. The hydrothermal fluids are mixtures of isotopically heavy recharge (δD = − 115‰, δ18O = − 15‰) derived from the Mammoth embayment, and isotopically lighter cold water (δD = −135‰, δ18O = −18‰). This cold water is not representative of current local recharge. The δ13C values for dissolved carbon in hot water are significantly heavier (− 7 to − 3‰) than in cold water (−18 to −10‰) denoting a separate hydrothermal origin. These δ13C values overlie the range generally attributed to magmatic degassing of CO2. However, δ13C values of metamorphosed Paleozoic basement carbonates surrounding Long Valley fall in a similar range, indicating that hydrothermal decarbonization reactions are a probable source of CO2. The δ13C and δ18O values of secondary travertime and vein calcite indicate respective fractionation with CO2 and H2O at temperatures approximating current hydrothermal conditions.
Publication type | Article |
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Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
Title | Sources and fractionation processes influencing the isotopic distribution of H, O and C in the Long Valley hydrothermal system, California, U.S.A. |
Series title | Applied Geochemistry |
DOI | 10.1016/0883-2927(90)90057-C |
Volume | 5 |
Issue | 5-6 |
Year Published | 1990 |
Language | English |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Description | 15 p. |
First page | 571 |
Last page | 585 |
Country | United States |
State | California |
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