The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
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Abstract

The almost universally accepted operational definition for dissolved constituents is based on processing

The almost universally accepted operational definition for dissolved constituents is based on processing whole-water samples through a 0.45-μm membrane filter. Results from field and laboratory experiments indicate that a number of factors associated with filtration, other than just pore size (e.g., diameter, manufacturer, volume of sample processed, amount of suspended sediment in the sample), can produce substantial variations in the ‘disolved’ concentrations of such elements as Fe, Al, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni. These variations result from the inclusion/exclusion of colloidally-associated trace elements. Thus, 'dissolved' concentrations quantitated by analyzing filtrates generated by processing whole-water through similar pore-sized membrane filters may not be equal/comparable. As such, simple filtration through a 0.45-μm membrane filter may no longer represent an acceptable operational definition for dissolved chemical constituents. This conclusion may have important implications for environmental studies and regulatory agencies.

Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations
Series title Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
DOI 10.1007/BF00619288
Volume 90
Issue 1-2
Year Published 1996
Language English
Publisher Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher location Dordrecht, Netherlands
Contributing office(s) National Water Quality Laboratory
Description 14 p.
First page 281
Last page 294
Conference Title Proceedings of the 1995 International Clean Water Conference on Clean Water: Factors that Influence its Availabilty, Quality and its Use
Conference Location La Jolla, CA
Conference Date Nov 28-30, 1995
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