A predictive risk model for electroshock-induced mortality of the endangered Cape Fear shiner
North American Journal of Fisheries Management
By: F.M. Holliman, J.B. Reynolds, and T.J. Kwak
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Abstract
We evaluated the effects of a single electroshock on injury and mortality of hatchery-reared Cape Fear shiners Notropis mekistocholas (N = 517), an endangered cyprinid. Groups of 18-22 Cape Fear shiners were exposed to DC, 120-Hz pulsed DC (PDC), or 60-Hz PDC at voltage gradients of 1.1, 1.9, or 2.7 V/cm for 3 s. Mortality occurred only among fish exposed to 120-Hz PDC (25%) and DC (38%) applied at 2.7 V/cm. Because no mortality occurred in Cape Fear shiners exposed to 60-Hz PDC, this waveform was selected for further study of electroshock duration (3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 s) and voltage gradient (0.9, 1.6, or 2.3 V/cm). Most fish electroshocked in the experiments were immobilized (ceased swimming motion). No physical injury was detected by necropsy or radiography in any fish. Electroshock-induced mortality of Cape Fear shiners showed a strong multivariable relationship to voltage gradient, electroshock duration, and fish length. Fish subjected to 60-Hz PDC at 0.9 or 1.6 V/cm for 6 s experienced low mortality (<10%). Our results demonstrate that Cape Fear shiners can be immobilized by 60-Hz PDC electroshock without injury or significant risk of mortality. We propose that electrofishing may be safely used to sample similar small cyprinids, imperiled or otherwise, when electrofishers select an appropriate waveform (DC pulsed at 60-Hz or less) and use it judiciously (minimal exposure at, or below, the immobilization threshold).
Suggested Citation
Holliman, F., Reynolds, J., and Kwak, T., 2003, A predictive risk model for electroshock-induced mortality of the endangered Cape Fear shiner: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 23, no. 3, p. 905-912, https://doi.org/10.1577/M02-009.
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | A predictive risk model for electroshock-induced mortality of the endangered Cape Fear shiner |
| Series title | North American Journal of Fisheries Management |
| DOI | 10.1577/M02-009 |
| Volume | 23 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Publication Date | August 01, 2003 |
| Year Published | 2003 |
| Language | English |
| Larger Work Type | Article |
| Larger Work Subtype | Journal Article |
| Larger Work Title | North American Journal of Fisheries Management |
| First page | 905 |
| Last page | 912 |