Modeling the effects of human activity on Katmai brown bears (Ursus arctos) through the use of survival analysis
Arctic
By: T. S. Smith and B.A. Johnson
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Abstract
Brown bear-human interactions were observed in 1993, 1995, and 1997 at Kulik River in Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska. We analyzed these interactions using survival analysis, creating survival curves for the time that bears remained on the river in the presence, and absence, of human activity. Bear-only survival curves did not vary significantly between years (p = 0.067). Ninety-seven percent of bears left the river within 70 minutes of arrival in all years. Temporal patterns of bear activity were unaffected by the presence of humans as long as the bears did not share river zones with humans (p = 0.062 to p = 0.360). When people and bears did not share river zones, 38.6% (1993), 36.0% (1995), and 37.0% (1997) of bears remained on the river for at least 10 minutes after arrival. In contrast, when people and bears shared river zones, fewer bears remained on the river after the first 10 minutes, with 28.6% (1993), 25.0% (1995), and 32.6% (1997) observed in each year. We conclude that human activity displaced 26.0% (1993), 30.5% (1995), and 12.0% (1997) of the bears using the river, which otherwise would likely have remained longer. Over the three years of study, habituation to human activity may account for observed changes in bears' use of the river.
Suggested Citation
Smith, T.S., and Johnson, B., 2004, Modeling the effects of human activity on Katmai brown bears (Ursus arctos) through the use of survival analysis: Arctic, v. 57, no. 2, p. 160-165, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic492.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Modeling the effects of human activity on Katmai brown bears (Ursus arctos) through the use of survival analysis |
| Series title | Arctic |
| DOI | 10.14430/arctic492 |
| Volume | 57 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Publication Date | January 01, 2004 |
| Year Published | 2004 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | The Arctic Institute of North America |
| Contributing office(s) | Alaska Science Center |
| Description | 6 p. |
| First page | 160 |
| Last page | 165 |
| Country | United States |
| State | Alaska |
| Other Geospatial | Katmai National Park and Preserve |