Empirical evaluation of predator-driven diel vertical migration in Lake Superior
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
By: J.D. Stockwell, T.R. Hrabik, O.P. Jensen, D.L. Yule, and M. Balge
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Abstract
Recent studies on Lake Superior suggest that diel vertical migration (DVM) of prey (generalized Coregonus spp.) may be influenced by the density of predatory siscowet (Salvelinus namaycush). We empirically evaluated this hypothesis using data from acoustic, midwater trawl, and bottom trawl sampling at eight Lake Superior sites during three seasons in 2005 and a subset of sites in 2006. We expected the larger-bodied cisco (Coregonus artedi) to exhibit a shallower DVM compared with the smaller-bodied kiyi (Coregonus kiyi). Although DVM of kiyi and cisco were consistent with expectations of DVM as a size-dependent, predator-mediated process, we found no relationship between siscowet density and the magnitude of DVM of either coregonid. Cisco appear to have a size refuge from siscowet predation. Kiyi and siscowet co-occur in demersal habitat > 150 m during the day, where visual predation is unlikely, suggesting predator avoidance is not a factor in the daytime distribution of kiyi. Seasonal patterns of kiyi DVM were consistent with reported DVM of their primary prey Mysis relicta. Our results suggest that consideration of nonvisual foraging, rather than lightbased foraging theory (i.e., the antipredation window), is necessary to understand the processes driving DVM in deepwater systems.
Suggested Citation
Stockwell, J., Hrabik, T., Jensen, O., Yule, D., Balge, M., 2010, Empirical evaluation of predator-driven diel vertical migration in Lake Superior: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 67, no. 3, p. 473-485, https://doi.org/10.1139/F09-198.
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Empirical evaluation of predator-driven diel vertical migration in Lake Superior |
| Series title | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
| DOI | 10.1139/F09-198 |
| Volume | 67 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Year Published | 2010 |
| Language | English |
| Larger Work Type | Article |
| Larger Work Subtype | Journal Article |
| Larger Work Title | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
| First page | 473 |
| Last page | 485 |