Seismic detection of increased degassing before Kīlauea's 2008 summit explosion
Nature Communications
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Abstract
The 2008 explosion that started a new eruption at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, was not preceded by a dramatic increase in earthquakes nor inflation, but was associated with increases in SO2 emissions and seismic tremor. Here we perform shear wave splitting analysis on local earthquakes spanning the onset of the eruption. Shear wave splitting measures seismic anisotropy and is traditionally used to infer changes in crustal stress over time. We show that shear wave splitting may also vary due to changes in volcanic degassing. The orientation of fast shear waves at Kīlauea is usually controlled by structure, but in 2008 showed changes with increased SO2 emissions preceding the start of the summit eruption. This interpretation for changing anisotropy is supported by corresponding decreases in Vp/Vs ratio. Our result demonstrates a novel method for detecting changes in gas flux using seismic observations and provides a new tool for monitoring under-instrumented volcanoes.
Suggested Citation
Johnson, J.H., Poland, M., 2013, Seismic detection of increased degassing before Kīlauea's 2008 summit explosion: Nature Communications, v. 4, Article number 1668, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2703.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Seismic detection of increased degassing before Kīlauea's 2008 summit explosion |
| Series title | Nature Communications |
| DOI | 10.1038/ncomms2703 |
| Volume | 4 |
| Publication Date | April 09, 2013 |
| Year Published | 2013 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| Contributing office(s) | Volcano Science Center |
| Description | Article number 1668 |
| Larger Work Type | Article |
| Larger Work Subtype | Journal Article |
| Larger Work Title | Nature Communications |
| Country | United States |
| State | Hawai'i |
| Other Geospatial | Kilauea Volcano |