Extreme-event geoelectric hazard maps: Chapter 9
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Abstract
Maps of geoelectric amplitude covering about half the continental United States are presented that will be exceeded, on average, once per century in response to an extreme-intensity geomagnetic disturbance. These maps are constructed using an empirical parameterization of induction: convolving latitude-dependent statistical maps of extreme-value geomagnetic disturbances, obtained from decades of 1-minute magnetic observatory data, with local estimates of Earth-surface impedance obtained at discrete geographic sites from magnetotelluric surveys. Geoelectric amplitudes are estimated for geomagnetic waveforms having a 240-s (and 1200-s) sinusoidal period and amplitudes over 10 min (1 h) that exceed a once-per-century threshold. As a result of the combination of geographic differences in geomagnetic variation and Earth-surface impedance, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes span more than two orders of magnitude and are a highly granular function of location. Specifically for north-south 240-s induction, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes across large parts of the United States have a median value of 0.34 V/km; for east-west variation, they have a median value of 0.23 V/km. In Northern Minnesota, amplitudes exceed 14.00 V/km for north-south geomagnetic variation (23.34 V/km for east-west variation), while just over 100 km away, amplitudes are only 0.08 V/km (0.02 V/km). At some sites in the northern-central United States, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes exceed the 2 V/km realized in Québec during the March 1989 storm.
Publication type | Book chapter |
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Publication Subtype | Book Chapter |
Title | Extreme-event geoelectric hazard maps: Chapter 9 |
ISBN | 9780128127001 |
DOI | 10.1016/B978-0-12-812700-1.00009-1 |
Year Published | 2018 |
Language | English |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Contributing office(s) | Geologic Hazards Science Center |
Description | 22 p. |
Larger Work Type | Book |
Larger Work Title | Extreme events in geospace |
First page | 209 |
Last page | 230 |
Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |